WO2015089999A1 - Organic light-emitting diode and display device - Google Patents
Organic light-emitting diode and display device Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015089999A1 WO2015089999A1 PCT/CN2014/078392 CN2014078392W WO2015089999A1 WO 2015089999 A1 WO2015089999 A1 WO 2015089999A1 CN 2014078392 W CN2014078392 W CN 2014078392W WO 2015089999 A1 WO2015089999 A1 WO 2015089999A1
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 165
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/875—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K59/879—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
- H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8051—Anodes
- H10K59/80515—Anodes characterised by their shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8052—Cathodes
- H10K59/80521—Cathodes characterised by their shape
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Definitions
- the OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display is a self-luminous display, ⁇ LCD (liquid crystal display), OLED display does not require a backlight, so the OLED display is lighter and thinner, and the OLED display is also With high brightness, low power consumption, wide viewing angle, high response speed, wide operating temperature range, etc., it is increasingly used in various high performance display fields.
- ⁇ LCD liquid crystal display
- OLED display does not require a backlight, so the OLED display is lighter and thinner, and the OLED display is also With high brightness, low power consumption, wide viewing angle, high response speed, wide operating temperature range, etc., it is increasingly used in various high performance display fields.
- the luminescence mechanism of the OLED is that under the action of an applied electric field, electrons and holes are injected into the organic luminescent material from the positive and negative electrodes, respectively, thereby migrating, recombining, and attenuating and illuminating in the organic luminescent village material.
- the structure of the existing organic light emitting diode OLED is as shown in FIG. 1 , and includes an anode layer 10 , a cathode layer 20 and an organic functional layer 30 between the two layers, and the organic functional layer 30 can be further It includes a plurality of functional layers including an electron transport layer (ETL) 31, a hole transport layer (HTL) 32, and an "Emitting Material Layer (EML) 33. And - giant.
- ETL electron transport layer
- HTL hole transport layer
- Emitting Material Layer Emitting Material Layer
- the cathode layer, the anode layer and the organic functional layer are all planar structures.
- the organic light emitting diode (OLED) having the above structure has the following problems:
- the light is obliquely incident on the interface between the two substances, and both refraction and reflection occur.
- the refraction angle will be greater than the incident angle.
- the incident angle is a certain value, the refraction angle is equal to 90°.
- the incident angle is called the critical angle.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an organic light emitting diode OLED capable of improving light utilization efficiency and degree:
- An organic light emitting diode comprising a base substrate and at least one organic light emitting unit formed on the base substrate; and an outer surface of the organic light emitting unit has a convex curved surface.
- the organic light emitting unit includes a first electrode layer, an organic functional layer and a second electrode layer which are sequentially formed on the base substrate, and the organic functional layer includes an organic light emitting layer.
- the interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic light-emitting layer and the second electrode layer are both convex curved surfaces.
- an interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer is a convex curved surface having a convex arc shape.
- an interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer includes a part of a regular spherical surface.
- an interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer is a regular hemispherical surface.
- the first electrode layer is an anode layer; and the second electrode layer is a cathode layer.
- the organic light emitting diode further includes a reflective film for reflecting light emitted from the first electrode layer emitted from the organic light emitting layer to the second electrode layer, the reflective film being formed on the substrate Above the substrate, between the substrate and the first electrode layer.
- the organic light emitting diode further includes a lens group for adjusting divergent light emitted from an outer surface of the organic light emitting unit to linear light, wherein the lens group is disposed at a distance from an outer surface of the organic light emitting unit One side of the base substrate.
- the organic light emitting diode OLED includes a first organic light emitting unit, a second organic light emitting unit, and a third organic light emitting unit.
- the organic light-emitting layer of the first organic light-emitting unit is formed of a blue light-emitting material
- the organic light-emitting layer of the second organic light-emitting unit is formed of a green light-emitting material
- the organic light-emitting layer of the third organic light-emitting unit A red luminescent material is formed.
- the organic functional layer further includes a hole transport layer between the organic light emitting layer and the first electrode layer, and an electron transport layer between the organic light emitting layer and the second electrode layer .
- the organic functional layer further includes an electron injection layer and a hole injection layer.
- a method for manufacturing an organic light emitting diode comprising: forming a transparent convex surface having a convex outer surface on a base substrate; forming a tantalum film layer on the base substrate by a film forming process, wherein the thin film layer is The arcuate protrusions form a first electrode layer having a convex curved surface corresponding to the position; a thin film layer constituting the organic functional layer and a thin film layer constituting the second electrode layer are sequentially formed on the first electrode layer.
- a display device comprising an organic light emitting diode as described above.
- the outer surface of the organic light emitting unit as a convex curved surface, the phenomenon of total reflection caused by the refractive index difference during the transmission of the light emitted by the organic light emitting unit can be effectively reduced, and the light is limited to In each structural layer, the interception rate of light can be increased, thereby increasing the interest rate and brightness of light, and solving the problem that the brightness of the organic light emitting diode OLED is not high.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an organic light emitting diode OLED in the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art organic light emission:::::::: pole tube OLED light transmission in each plane junction i is totally reflected;
- FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of an organic light emitting diode OLED provided in the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of light propagation in each curved junction layer in the organic light emitting diode OLED of the present invention
- Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of the organic functional layer shown in Fig. 3. detailed description
- the present invention relates to the problem that the light in the organic light-emitting unit of the organic light-emitting diode OLED in the prior art is totally reflected during the transmission of each structural layer, resulting in low light utilization efficiency and insufficient brightness.
- An organic light emitting diode (OLED) is provided which is capable of increasing the interest rate and brightness of the organic light emitting diode OLED light.
- the organic light emitting diode OLED provided by the present invention includes a base substrate 100 and at least one organic light emitting unit 200 formed on the base substrate 100.
- the outer surface of the organic light emitting unit 200 is a light emitting surface. Convex surface.
- the outer surface of the organic light emitting unit as a convex curved surface, the phenomenon of total reflection caused by the refractive index difference during the transmission of the light emitted by the organic light emitting unit can be effectively reduced, and the light is limited to In each of the structural layers, the interception ratio of light can be increased, thereby improving the light yield and brightness.
- each of the organic light emitting units 200 includes a first electrode layer 201, an organic functional layer 202, and a second electrode layer 203 sequentially formed on the base substrate 100, wherein the organic functional layer 202 includes The interface shape of the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 is a convex curved surface.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of total reflection occurring when light is transmitted in each planar structural layer of an existing organic light emitting diode OLED;
- FIG. 4 is a view showing light transmitted in each convex curved structural layer of the organic light emitting diode OLED of the present invention; Schematic diagram of the time.
- the first electrode layer 201, the second electrode layer 203, and the organic light-emitting layer are designed as convex curved surfaces
- the light emitted by the organic light-emitting layer is first in the curved structural layer with respect to the planar structure.
- the electrode layer 201 or the second electrode layer 203 is transmitted, when light is emitted in various directions and is incident on the first electrode layer 201 or the second electrode layer 203, the incident angle of the light has little or no critical angle, which can effectively reduce Total reflection caused by the incident angle being too large beyond the critical angle.
- the organic light emitting diode OLED provided by the present invention can effectively reduce the light emitted by the organic light emitting layer by designing the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 as a convex curved surface structure.
- the phenomenon of total reflection due to the difference in refractive index during the transmission of the electrode layer 201 and the second electrode layer 203 occurs, and the light is confined in each structural layer, thereby improving the intercept rate of light, thereby improving the utilization ratio of light and Brightness, solve the brightness of organic light-emitting diode OLED The problem.
- the first electrode layer 20, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 are convex curved surfaces. Further, further, the interface shape of the first electrode layer 20, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 includes a part of a regular spherical surface.
- the interface shape of the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 is a regular hemisphere.
- the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 may also be other convex curved structural layers, and only one preferred embodiment of the organic light emitting diode OLED is provided herein.
- first electrode layer 201 and the second electrode layer 203 may be an anode or a cathode.
- first electrode layer 201 is an anode (Anode) layer
- second electrode layer 203 is a cathode (cathode) layer as an example.
- the organic light-emitting: :::: pole tube OLED further includes a reflective film 400 formed on the base substrate 100 and located Between the base substrate 100 and the first electrode layer 201, the reflective film 400 can reflect the light emitted from the first electrode layer 201 from the organic light emitting layer to the second electrode layer 203, thereby Further improve light utilization and brightness.
- the OLED OLED may further include a lens group 500 disposed on a side of the outer surface of the organic light emitting unit that is away from the substrate.
- the divergent light for emitting the outer surface of the organic light-emitting unit is adjusted to linear light.
- the lens group 500 is disposed on a side of the second electrode layer 203 remote from the organic functional layer 202, and the lens group 500 can adjust the divergent light emitted by the convex second surface electrode layer 203 into Straight light.
- the organic light emitting diode OLED may emit light of three colors or three or more colors.
- the organic light emitting diode OLED can emit light of three colors
- the organic light emitting diode OLED can include three organic light emitting units 200, that is, the first The organic light emitting layer of the first organic light emitting unit 200 is formed of a blue light emitting material, and the second organic light emitting unit 200 is formed by the light emitting unit 200, the second organic light emitting unit 200, and the third organic light emitting unit 200.
- the organic light emitting layer is formed of a green light emitting material
- the organic light emitting layer in the third organic light emitting unit 200 is formed of a red light emitting material.
- the number and order of the organic light emitting units 200 in the organic light emitting diode OLED are not limited, for example: the organic light emitting diode OLED can emit light of three colors, but the organic The light emitting diode OLED may include four organic light emitting units 200, wherein the two organic light emitting units 200 simultaneously emit light of one color, and the order of the color of the light is not limited.
- organic light emitting diode OLED can also emit light of three or less colors, and the color of the light emitted by the organic light emitting diode OLED is not limited here.
- the organic functional layer 202 may further include a hole transport layer between the organic light emitting layer and the first electrode layer 201 and the organic light emitting layer and the second electrode.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of the organic functional layer shown in Fig. 3.
- the organic functional layer 500 includes a hole injection layer 501, a hole transport layer 502, an organic light-emitting layer 503, an electron transport layer 504, and an electron injection layer 505 which are sequentially formed, wherein the interface shapes of the layers are convex curved surfaces. .
- a transparent convex surface having a convex outer surface is formed on the base substrate 100; and then, a film forming process is used on the substrate. Forming an ITO film layer on the substrate 100, the ITO film layer forming a convex curved first electrode layer 201 at a corresponding position of the arcuate protrusion;
- each of the thin film layers constituting the organic functional layer 202 and the thin film layer constituting the second electrode layer 203 are sequentially formed on the base substrate 100, that is, an organic light emitting diode OLED having a convex curved surface in each structural layer is obtained.
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Abstract
An organic light-emitting diode and a display device. The organic light-emitting diode comprises an underlay substrate (100) and at least one organic light-emitting unit (200) formed on the underlay substrate (100), wherein an outer-layer out-light surface of the organic light-emitting unit (200) is a convex curved surface. By way of designing the outer-layer out-light surface of the organic light-emitting unit (200) into a convex curved surface, the occurrence of a phenomenon of total reflection caused by a poor refractive index in the process of transmission of light transmitted by the organic light-emitting unit can be effectively reduced; and the light is limited in each structural layer, so that the interception rate of the light can be improved, thereby improving the utilization rate and brightness of the light, and therefore, the problem of low brightness of the organic light-emitting diode is solved.
Description
有机发光二极管及显示装置 Organic light emitting diode and display device
OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode, 有机发光二极管) 显示器是一种 自发光显示器, ^ LCD (liquid crystal display, 液晶显示器)相比, OLED显 示器不需要背光源, 因此 OLED显示器更为轻薄, 此外 OLED显示器还具有 高亮度、 低功耗、 宽视角、 高响应速度、 宽使用温度范围等优点而越来越多 地被应用于各种高性能显示领域当中。 The OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display is a self-luminous display, ^LCD (liquid crystal display), OLED display does not require a backlight, so the OLED display is lighter and thinner, and the OLED display is also With high brightness, low power consumption, wide viewing angle, high response speed, wide operating temperature range, etc., it is increasingly used in various high performance display fields.
OLED 的发光机理是在外加电场的作^下, 电子和空穴分别从正负两极 注入有机发光材料,从而在该有机发光村料中进行迁移、复合并衰减而发光。 The luminescence mechanism of the OLED is that under the action of an applied electric field, electrons and holes are injected into the organic luminescent material from the positive and negative electrodes, respectively, thereby migrating, recombining, and attenuating and illuminating in the organic luminescent village material.
现有的有机发光二极管 OLED的结构如图 1所示,包括阳极层(Anode) 10、 阴极层 (Cathode) 20和位于这两层之间的有机功能层 30, 该有机功能 层 30中又可包括电子传输层 (Electron Transport Layer, ETL) 31、 空穴传输 层 (Hole Transport Layer, HTL ) 32禾口有 '机发光层 (Emitting Material Layer, EML) 33等在内的多种功能层。 并—巨., 阴极层、 阳极层以及有机功能层都是 平面结构。 The structure of the existing organic light emitting diode OLED is as shown in FIG. 1 , and includes an anode layer 10 , a cathode layer 20 and an organic functional layer 30 between the two layers, and the organic functional layer 30 can be further It includes a plurality of functional layers including an electron transport layer (ETL) 31, a hole transport layer (HTL) 32, and an "Emitting Material Layer (EML) 33. And - giant. The cathode layer, the anode layer and the organic functional layer are all planar structures.
采用上述结构的有机发光二极管 OLED存在以下问题: The organic light emitting diode (OLED) having the above structure has the following problems:
光线在传输过程中, 斜射到两种物质的分界面上, 会同时发生折射与反 射。 光线丛光密介质射向光疏介质时, 折射角将大于入射角, 当入射角为某 一数值时, 折射角等于 90°, 此入射角称临界角, 当光线的入射角度大于此临 界角时就会发生全反射而完全无法透过。 During the transmission, the light is obliquely incident on the interface between the two substances, and both refraction and reflection occur. When the light ray dense medium is directed to the light-dissipating medium, the refraction angle will be greater than the incident angle. When the incident angle is a certain value, the refraction angle is equal to 90°. The incident angle is called the critical angle. When the incident angle of the light is greater than the critical angle, Total reflection will occur and it will be completely unpermeable.
如图 2所示, 现有技术中的有机发光二极管 OLED的有机发光层发出的 光在通过其上、 下的阳极或阴极材料时, 会有一部分光因为其有一定入射角 度而发生反射, 当入射角度过大时更是会发生全发射, 而这部分光在很大程 度上会浪費掉。
本发明的目的是提供一种有机发光二极管 OLED, 能够提高光的利用率 与: 度 As shown in FIG. 2, when the light emitted by the organic light-emitting layer of the organic light-emitting diode OLED of the prior art passes through the upper or lower anode or cathode material, a part of the light is reflected due to a certain incident angle thereof. When the incident angle is too large, full emission will occur, and this part of the light will be wasted to a large extent. An object of the present invention is to provide an organic light emitting diode OLED capable of improving light utilization efficiency and degree:
本发明所提供的技术方案如下: The technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:
一种有机发光二极管, 所述有机发光二极管包括衬底基板和形成于所述 衬底基板上的至少一个有机发光单元; 所述有机发光单元的外层出光面为凸 曲面。 An organic light emitting diode comprising a base substrate and at least one organic light emitting unit formed on the base substrate; and an outer surface of the organic light emitting unit has a convex curved surface.
进一步的, 所述有机发光单元包括依次形成于所述衬底基板上的第一电 极层、 有机功能层和第二电极层, 所述有机功能层包括有机发光层。 Further, the organic light emitting unit includes a first electrode layer, an organic functional layer and a second electrode layer which are sequentially formed on the base substrate, and the organic functional layer includes an organic light emitting layer.
其中, 所述第一电极层、 所述有机发光层和所述第二电极层的界面形状 均为凸曲面。 The interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic light-emitting layer and the second electrode layer are both convex curved surfaces.
进一步的, 所述第一电极层、 所述有机功能层和所述第二电极层的界面 形状为凸弧状的凸曲面。 Further, an interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer is a convex curved surface having a convex arc shape.
进一步的, 所述第一电极层、 所述有机功能层和所述第二电极层的界面 形状包括规则球面的一部分。 Further, an interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer includes a part of a regular spherical surface.
进一步的, 所述第一电极层、 所述有机功能层和所述第二电极层的界面 形状为规则半球面。 Further, an interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer is a regular hemispherical surface.
进一步的, 所述第一电极层为阳极层; 所述第二电极层为阴极层。 Further, the first electrode layer is an anode layer; and the second electrode layer is a cathode layer.
进一步的, 所述有机发光二极管还包括用于将有机发光层发出的自所述 第一电极层出射的光反射至所述第二电极层的反射膜, 所述反射膜形成于所 述衬底基板之上, 并位于所述衬底基板与所述第一电极层之间。 Further, the organic light emitting diode further includes a reflective film for reflecting light emitted from the first electrode layer emitted from the organic light emitting layer to the second electrode layer, the reflective film being formed on the substrate Above the substrate, between the substrate and the first electrode layer.
进一步的, 所述有机发光二极管还包括用于对有机发光单元的外层出光 面出射的发散光调整成直线光的透镜组, 所述透镜组设置于有机发光单元的 外层出光面的远离所述衬底基板的一侧。 Further, the organic light emitting diode further includes a lens group for adjusting divergent light emitted from an outer surface of the organic light emitting unit to linear light, wherein the lens group is disposed at a distance from an outer surface of the organic light emitting unit One side of the base substrate.
进一歩的, 所述有机发光二极管 OLED包括第一有机发光单元、 第二有 机发光单元和第三有机发光单元。 Further, the organic light emitting diode OLED includes a first organic light emitting unit, a second organic light emitting unit, and a third organic light emitting unit.
其中, 所述第一有机发光单元中的有机发光层由蓝色发光材料形成, 所 述第二有机发光单元中的有机发光层 绿色发光材料形成, 所述第三有机发 光单元中的有机发光层 红色发光材料形成。
进一步的, 所述有机功能层还包括位于所述有机发光层与所述第一电极 层之间的空穴传输层以及位于所述有机发光层与所述第二电极层之间的电子 传输层。 The organic light-emitting layer of the first organic light-emitting unit is formed of a blue light-emitting material, the organic light-emitting layer of the second organic light-emitting unit is formed of a green light-emitting material, and the organic light-emitting layer of the third organic light-emitting unit A red luminescent material is formed. Further, the organic functional layer further includes a hole transport layer between the organic light emitting layer and the first electrode layer, and an electron transport layer between the organic light emitting layer and the second electrode layer .
进一步的, 所述有机功能层还包括电子注入层和空穴注入层。 Further, the organic functional layer further includes an electron injection layer and a hole injection layer.
一种有机发光二极管的制造方法, 包括: 在衬底基板上形成透明的外表 面呈凸曲面的凸起物;利用成膜工艺在所述衬底基板上形成 ΠΌ薄膜层, ΠΌ 薄膜层在该弧形凸起物对应位置形成凸曲面状的第一电极层; 依次在第一电 极层上形成构成有机功能层的薄膜层以及构成第二电极层的薄膜层。 A method for manufacturing an organic light emitting diode, comprising: forming a transparent convex surface having a convex outer surface on a base substrate; forming a tantalum film layer on the base substrate by a film forming process, wherein the thin film layer is The arcuate protrusions form a first electrode layer having a convex curved surface corresponding to the position; a thin film layer constituting the organic functional layer and a thin film layer constituting the second electrode layer are sequentially formed on the first electrode layer.
一种显示装置, 其包括如上所述的有机发光二极管。 A display device comprising an organic light emitting diode as described above.
本发明的有益效果如下: The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
上述方案, 通过将有机发光单元的外层出光面设计为凸曲面, 能够有效 减少有机发光单元发射的光在传输过程中由于折射率差带来的全反射的现象 发生, 而使光被限制在各结构层中, 能够提高光的截取率, 从而提高光的利 率与亮度, 解决有机发光二极管 OLED亮度不高的问题。 In the above solution, by designing the outer surface of the organic light emitting unit as a convex curved surface, the phenomenon of total reflection caused by the refractive index difference during the transmission of the light emitted by the organic light emitting unit can be effectively reduced, and the light is limited to In each structural layer, the interception rate of light can be increased, thereby increasing the interest rate and brightness of light, and solving the problem that the brightness of the organic light emitting diode OLED is not high.
ΓΒ-ί ' ΓΒ-ί '
图 1为现有技术中的有机发光二极管 OLED的结构示意图; 1 is a schematic structural view of an organic light emitting diode OLED in the prior art;
图 2为现有技术的有机发光:::::极管 OLED中光在各平面结 中传输 i 发生全反射的原理示意图; 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art organic light emission::::: pole tube OLED light transmission in each plane junction i is totally reflected;
图 3为本发明中所提供的有机发光二极管 OLED的结构示 ¾ ; 图 4为本发明的有机发光二极管 OLED中光在各曲面状结 层中传 ^ 的原理示意图; 3 is a structural diagram of an organic light emitting diode OLED provided in the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of light propagation in each curved junction layer in the organic light emitting diode OLED of the present invention;
图 5为图 3中所示的有机功能层的具体结构示意图。 具体实施方式 Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of the organic functional layer shown in Fig. 3. detailed description
以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述, 所举实例只用于解释本 发明, 并非用于限定本发明的范围。 The principles and features of the present invention are described in the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
针对现有技术中有机发光二极管 OLED的有机发光单元中的光在各结构 层传输过程中发生全反射而导致光利用率较低、 亮度不够的问题, 本发明提
供了一种有机发光二极管 0LED, 其能够提高有机发光二极管 OLED光的利 率和亮度。 The present invention relates to the problem that the light in the organic light-emitting unit of the organic light-emitting diode OLED in the prior art is totally reflected during the transmission of each structural layer, resulting in low light utilization efficiency and insufficient brightness. An organic light emitting diode (OLED) is provided which is capable of increasing the interest rate and brightness of the organic light emitting diode OLED light.
如图 3所示, 本发明所提供的有机发光二极管 OLED包括衬底基板 100 和形成于所述衬底基板 100上的至少一个有机发光单元 200; 所述有机发光 单元 200的外层出光面为凸曲面。 As shown in FIG. 3, the organic light emitting diode OLED provided by the present invention includes a base substrate 100 and at least one organic light emitting unit 200 formed on the base substrate 100. The outer surface of the organic light emitting unit 200 is a light emitting surface. Convex surface.
上述方案, 通过将有机发光单元的外层出光面设计为凸曲面, 能够有效 减少有机发光单元发射的光在传输过程中由于折射率差带来的全反射的现象 发生, 而使光被限制在各结构层中, 能够提高光的截取率, 从而提高光的利 ^率与亮度。 In the above solution, by designing the outer surface of the organic light emitting unit as a convex curved surface, the phenomenon of total reflection caused by the refractive index difference during the transmission of the light emitted by the organic light emitting unit can be effectively reduced, and the light is limited to In each of the structural layers, the interception ratio of light can be increased, thereby improving the light yield and brightness.
本实施例中, 每一所述有机发光单元 200包括依次形成于所述衬底基板 100上的第一电极层 201、 有机功能层 202和第二电极层 203, 其中所述有机 功能层 202包括有机发光层, 所述第一电极层 201、 所述有机功能层 202和 所述第二电极层 203的界面形状均为凸曲面。 In this embodiment, each of the organic light emitting units 200 includes a first electrode layer 201, an organic functional layer 202, and a second electrode layer 203 sequentially formed on the base substrate 100, wherein the organic functional layer 202 includes The interface shape of the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 is a convex curved surface.
图 2所示为光在现有有机发光二极管 OLED的各平面结构层中传输时发 生全反射的原理示意图; 图 4为光在本发明的有机发光二极管 OLED的各凸 曲面状的结构层中传输时的原理示意图。 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of total reflection occurring when light is transmitted in each planar structural layer of an existing organic light emitting diode OLED; FIG. 4 is a view showing light transmitted in each convex curved structural layer of the organic light emitting diode OLED of the present invention; Schematic diagram of the time.
如图 2所示, 由有机发光层发出的光向呈平面结构层的第一电极层或第 二电极层传输时, 光由各个方向入射至第一电极层或第二电极层中, 入射角 度大于临界角时就会发生全反射而完全无法透过。 As shown in FIG. 2, when light emitted by the organic light-emitting layer is transmitted to the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer of the planar structure layer, light is incident into the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer from various directions, and the incident angle is When it is larger than the critical angle, total reflection occurs and it is completely impenetrable.
如图 4所示, 将第一电极层 201、 第二电极层 203 以及有机发光层设计 为凸曲面时, 相对于平面结构来说, 由有机发光层发出的光向呈曲面结构层 的第一电极层 201或第二电极层 203传输时, 光向各个方向发射而入射到第 一电极层 201或第二电极层 203时, 光线的入射角几乎没有或者很少超过临 界角, 能够有效减少由于入射角过大超过临界角而导致的全反射。 As shown in FIG. 4, when the first electrode layer 201, the second electrode layer 203, and the organic light-emitting layer are designed as convex curved surfaces, the light emitted by the organic light-emitting layer is first in the curved structural layer with respect to the planar structure. When the electrode layer 201 or the second electrode layer 203 is transmitted, when light is emitted in various directions and is incident on the first electrode layer 201 or the second electrode layer 203, the incident angle of the light has little or no critical angle, which can effectively reduce Total reflection caused by the incident angle being too large beyond the critical angle.
由此可见,本发明所提供的有机发光二极管 OLED通过将第一电极层 201、 有机功能层 202以及第二电极层 203设计为凸曲面状结构, 能够有效减少有 机发光层发射的光在第一电极层 201和第二电极层 203传输过程中由于折射 率差带来的全反射的现象发生, 而使光被限制在各结构层中, 能够提高光的 截取率, 从而提高光的利用率与亮度, 解决有机发光二极管 OLED亮度不髙
的问题。 It can be seen that the organic light emitting diode OLED provided by the present invention can effectively reduce the light emitted by the organic light emitting layer by designing the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 as a convex curved surface structure. The phenomenon of total reflection due to the difference in refractive index during the transmission of the electrode layer 201 and the second electrode layer 203 occurs, and the light is confined in each structural layer, thereby improving the intercept rate of light, thereby improving the utilization ratio of light and Brightness, solve the brightness of organic light-emitting diode OLED The problem.
本实施例中, 如图 3所示, 所述第一电极层 20】、 所述有机功能层 202 和所述第二电极层 203均为凸弧状的凸曲面。 并且, 进一步, 所述第一电极 层 20】、 所述有机功能层 202和所述第二电极层 203的界面形状包括规则球 面的一部分。 In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the first electrode layer 20, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 are convex curved surfaces. Further, further, the interface shape of the first electrode layer 20, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 includes a part of a regular spherical surface.
在本发明的优选实施例中, 所述第一电极层 201、 所述有机功能层 202 和所述第二电极层 203的界面形状为规则半球形。 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the interface shape of the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 is a regular hemisphere.
当然可以理解的是, 在实际应 ffi中, 第一电极层 201、 有机功能层 202 以及第二电极层 203也可以是其他凸曲面结构层, 在此仅提供一种该有机发 光二极管 OLED的优选结构, 但并不对第一电极层 201、 有机功能层 202和 第二电极层 203的凸曲面形状进行具体限定。 It is to be understood that, in actual ffi, the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203 may also be other convex curved structural layers, and only one preferred embodiment of the organic light emitting diode OLED is provided herein. The structure, but does not specifically define the convex curved shape of the first electrode layer 201, the organic functional layer 202, and the second electrode layer 203.
此外,需要说明的是,第一电极层 201、第二电极层 203可以是阳极 (Anode) 或阴极 (Cathode)。 本发明实施例中, 是以第一电极层 201 为阳极 (Anode) 层, 第二电极层 203为阴极 (Cathode) 层为例进行的说明。 In addition, it should be noted that the first electrode layer 201 and the second electrode layer 203 may be an anode or a cathode. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode layer 201 is an anode (Anode) layer, and the second electrode layer 203 is a cathode (cathode) layer as an example.
此外, 本实施例中, 如图 3所示, 所述有机发光:::::极管 0LED还包括一 反射膜 400, 所述反射膜 400形成于所述衬底基板 100之上, 并位于所述衬 底基板 100与所述第一电极层 201之间, 该反射膜 400可以将有机发光层发 出的自所述第一电极层 201 出射的光反射至所述第二电极层 203, 从而进一 步提高光的利用率和亮度。 In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the organic light-emitting: :::: pole tube OLED further includes a reflective film 400 formed on the base substrate 100 and located Between the base substrate 100 and the first electrode layer 201, the reflective film 400 can reflect the light emitted from the first electrode layer 201 from the organic light emitting layer to the second electrode layer 203, thereby Further improve light utilization and brightness.
此外, 本发明中, 如图 3所示, 所述有机发光二极管 0LED还可以包括 一透镜组 500, 所述透镜组 500设置于有机发光单元的外层出光面的远离衬 底基板的一侧, 用于对有机发光单元的外层出光面出射的发散光调整成直线 光。 In addition, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the OLED OLED may further include a lens group 500 disposed on a side of the outer surface of the organic light emitting unit that is away from the substrate. The divergent light for emitting the outer surface of the organic light-emitting unit is adjusted to linear light.
本实施例中, 透镜组 500设置在所述第二电极层 203的远离所述有机功 能层 202的一侧, 该透镜组 500可以将经凸曲面的第二电极层 203出射的发 散光调整成直线光。 In this embodiment, the lens group 500 is disposed on a side of the second electrode layer 203 remote from the organic functional layer 202, and the lens group 500 can adjust the divergent light emitted by the convex second surface electrode layer 203 into Straight light.
此外, 在本发明的实施例中, 所述有机发光二极管 0LED可以发出 3种 颜色或 3种以上颜色的光。 以有机发光二极管 OLED能够发出 3种颜色的光 为例, 该有机发光二极管 OLED可以包括三个有机发光单元 200, 即第一有
机发光单元 200、 第二有机发光单元 200和第三有机发光单元 200, 其中, 所 述第一有机发光单元 200中的有机发光层由蓝色发光材料形成, 所述第二有 机发光单元 200中的有机发光层由绿色发光材料形成, 所述第三有机发光单 元 200中的有机发光层由红色发光材料形成。 Further, in an embodiment of the invention, the organic light emitting diode OLED may emit light of three colors or three or more colors. For example, the organic light emitting diode OLED can emit light of three colors, and the organic light emitting diode OLED can include three organic light emitting units 200, that is, the first The organic light emitting layer of the first organic light emitting unit 200 is formed of a blue light emitting material, and the second organic light emitting unit 200 is formed by the light emitting unit 200, the second organic light emitting unit 200, and the third organic light emitting unit 200. The organic light emitting layer is formed of a green light emitting material, and the organic light emitting layer in the third organic light emitting unit 200 is formed of a red light emitting material.
应当理解的是, 在实际应用中, 该有机发光二极管 OLED中对于有机发 光单元 200的个数和顺序也并不做限制, 比如: 该有机发光二极管 OLED可 以发出 3种颜色的光, 但该有机发光二极管 OLED可以包括 4个有机发光单 元 200, 其中两个有机发光单元 200同时发出一种颜色的光, 此外, 对发光 颜色的先后顺序也不进行限定。 It should be understood that, in practical applications, the number and order of the organic light emitting units 200 in the organic light emitting diode OLED are not limited, for example: the organic light emitting diode OLED can emit light of three colors, but the organic The light emitting diode OLED may include four organic light emitting units 200, wherein the two organic light emitting units 200 simultaneously emit light of one color, and the order of the color of the light is not limited.
还需要说明的是, 该有机发光二极管 OLED也可以发出 3种以下颜色的 光, 在此也并不对有机发光二极管 OLED所发出光的颜色进行限定。 It should be noted that the organic light emitting diode OLED can also emit light of three or less colors, and the color of the light emitted by the organic light emitting diode OLED is not limited here.
此外, 本实施例中, 所述有机功能层 202还可以包括位于所述有机发光 层与所述第一电极层 201之间的空穴传输层以及位于所述有机发光层与所述 第二电极层 203之间的电子传输层。 应当理解的是, 在实际应用中, 该有机 功能层 202还可以包括电子注入层和空穴注入层等。 In this embodiment, the organic functional layer 202 may further include a hole transport layer between the organic light emitting layer and the first electrode layer 201 and the organic light emitting layer and the second electrode. An electron transport layer between layers 203. It should be understood that, in practical applications, the organic functional layer 202 may further include an electron injection layer, a hole injection layer, and the like.
图 5为图 3中所示的有机功能层的具体结构示意图。 本实施例中, 有机 功能层 500包括依次形成的空穴注入层 501、 空穴传输层 502、 有机发光层 503、 电子传输层 504和电子注入层 505, 其中各层的界面形状均为凸曲面。 Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the specific structure of the organic functional layer shown in Fig. 3. In this embodiment, the organic functional layer 500 includes a hole injection layer 501, a hole transport layer 502, an organic light-emitting layer 503, an electron transport layer 504, and an electron injection layer 505 which are sequentially formed, wherein the interface shapes of the layers are convex curved surfaces. .
本发明所提供的有机发光二极管 OLED的制作时, 可以采用以下工艺: 首先, 在衬底基板 100上形成透明的外表面呈凸曲面的凸起物; 然后, 利用成膜工艺在所述衬底基板 100上形成 ITO薄膜层, ITO薄膜 层在该弧形凸起物对应位置形成凸曲面状的第一电极层 201; In the fabrication of the organic light emitting diode OLED provided by the present invention, the following processes may be employed: First, a transparent convex surface having a convex outer surface is formed on the base substrate 100; and then, a film forming process is used on the substrate. Forming an ITO film layer on the substrate 100, the ITO film layer forming a convex curved first electrode layer 201 at a corresponding position of the arcuate protrusion;
然后, 依次在所述衬底基板 100上形成构成有机功能层 202的各薄膜层 以及构成第二电极层 203的薄膜层, 即得到各结构层呈凸曲面状的有机发光 二极管 OLED。 Then, each of the thin film layers constituting the organic functional layer 202 and the thin film layer constituting the second electrode layer 203 are sequentially formed on the base substrate 100, that is, an organic light emitting diode OLED having a convex curved surface in each structural layer is obtained.
本发明的还一个目的是提供一种显示装置, 其包括本发明所提供的有机 发光二极管 OLED。 显然, 本发明所提供的显示装置也具有本发明所提供的 有机发光二极管 OLED所带来的有益效果。 It is still another object of the present invention to provide a display device comprising the organic light emitting diode OLED provided by the present invention. It is apparent that the display device provided by the present invention also has the beneficial effects brought about by the organic light emitting diode OLED provided by the present invention.
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式, 应当指出, 对于本技术领域的普通
技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下, 还可以作出若千改进和 润饰, 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be noted that it is common to the art. The skilled person will be able to make improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications and refinements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims
1. 一种有机发光二极管, 所述有机发光二极管包括衬底基板和形成于所 述衬底基板上的至少一个有机发光单元; 1. An organic light-emitting diode, the organic light-emitting diode comprising a substrate and at least one organic light-emitting unit formed on the substrate;
其特征在于, 所述有机发光单元的外层出光面为凸曲面。 It is characterized in that the outer light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting unit is a convex curved surface.
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的有机发光二极管, 其中, 所述有机发光单元包 括依次形成于所述衬底基板上的第一电极层、 有机功能层和第二电极层, 所 述有机功能层包括有机发光层。 2. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 1, wherein the organic light-emitting unit includes a first electrode layer, an organic functional layer and a second electrode layer sequentially formed on the base substrate, the organic functional layer Includes an organic light-emitting layer.
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的有机发光二极管, 其中, 所述第一电极层、 所 述有机功能层和所述第二电极层的界面形状均为凸曲面。 3. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 2, wherein the interface shapes of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer are all convex curved surfaces.
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的有机发光二极管, 其中, 所述第一电极层、 所 述有机功能层和所述第二电极层的界面形状为凸弧状的凸曲面。 4. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 3, wherein the interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer is a convex arc-shaped convex curved surface.
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的有机发光:::::极管, 其中, 所述第一电极层、 所 述有机功能层和所述第二电极层的界面形状包括规则球面的一部分。 5. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 4, wherein the interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer includes a part of a regular spherical surface.
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的有机发光:::::极管, 其中, 所述第一电极层、 所 述有机功能层和所述第二电极层的界面形状为规则半球面。 6. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 5, wherein the interface shape of the first electrode layer, the organic functional layer and the second electrode layer is a regular hemisphere.
7. 根据权利要求 1-6中任一项所述的有机发光二极管, 其中, 所述第一 电极层为阳极层; 所述第二电极层为阴极层。 7. The organic light-emitting diode according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first electrode layer is an anode layer; the second electrode layer is a cathode layer.
8. 根据权利要求 1-7中任一项所述的有机发光二极管, 其中, 所述有机 发光二极管还包括用于将有机发光层发出的自所述第一电极层出射的光反射 至所述第二电极层的反射膜, 所述反射膜形成于所述衬底基板之上, 并位于 所述衬底基板与所述第一电极层之间。 8. The organic light-emitting diode according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the organic light-emitting diode further includes a device for reflecting the light emitted from the first electrode layer emitted by the organic light-emitting layer to the A reflective film of the second electrode layer, the reflective film is formed on the base substrate and is located between the base substrate and the first electrode layer.
9. 根据权利要求 1-8中任一项所述的有机发光二极管, 其中, 所述有机 发光二极管还包括用于对有机发光单元的外层出光面出射的发散光调整成直 线光的透镜组, 所述透镜组设置于有机发光单元的外层出光面的远离所述衬 底基板的一侧。 9. The organic light-emitting diode according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the organic light-emitting diode further includes a lens group for adjusting the divergent light emitted from the outer light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting unit into linear light. , the lens group is disposed on a side of the outer light-emitting surface of the organic light-emitting unit away from the base substrate.
10. 根据权利要求 1-9中任一项所述的有机发光二极管, 其中,所述有机 发光二极管包括第一有机发光单元、第二有机发光单元和第三有机发光单元。 10. The organic light emitting diode according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the organic light emitting diode includes a first organic light emitting unit, a second organic light emitting unit and a third organic light emitting unit.
11 . 根据权利要求 10所述的有机发光二极管, 其中, 所述第一有机发光
单元中的有机发光层由蓝色发光材料形成, 所述第二有机发光单元中的有机 发光层由绿色发光材料形成, 所述第三有机发光单元中的有机发光层由红色 发光材料形成。 11. The organic light emitting diode according to claim 10, wherein the first organic light emitting diode The organic light-emitting layer in the unit is formed of blue light-emitting material, the organic light-emitting layer in the second organic light-emitting unit is formed of green light-emitting material, and the organic light-emitting layer in the third organic light-emitting unit is formed of red light-emitting material.
12. 根据权利要求 1 11 中任一项所述的有机发光二极管, 其中, 所述有 机功能层还包括位于所述有机发光层与所述第一电极层之间的空穴传输层以 及位于所述有机发光层与所述第二电极层之间的电子传输层。 12. The organic light-emitting diode according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the organic functional layer further includes a hole transport layer located between the organic light-emitting layer and the first electrode layer and a hole transport layer located between the organic light-emitting layer and the first electrode layer. an electron transport layer between the organic light-emitting layer and the second electrode layer.
】3. 根据权利要求 12所述的有机发光二极管, 其中, 所述有机功能层还 包括电子注入层和空穴注入层。 】3. The organic light-emitting diode according to claim 12, wherein the organic functional layer further includes an electron injection layer and a hole injection layer.
14。 一种有机发光二极管的制造方法, 包括: 14. A method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting diode, including:
在衬底基板上形成透明的外表面呈凸曲面的凸起物; Forming a transparent protrusion with a convex outer surface on the base substrate;
利用成膜工艺在所述衬底基板上形成 ΠΌ薄膜层, ΙΊΌ薄膜层在该弧形 凸起物对应位置形成凸曲面状的第一电极层; A film forming process is used to form a ΠΌ thin film layer on the base substrate, and the ΙΊΌ thin film layer forms a convex curved first electrode layer at a position corresponding to the arc-shaped protrusion;
依次在第一电极层上形成构成有机功能层的薄膜层以及构成第二电极层 的薄膜层。 A thin film layer constituting the organic functional layer and a thin film layer constituting the second electrode layer are sequentially formed on the first electrode layer.
15. 一种显示装置, 其特征在于, 包括如权利要求 1至 13中任一项所述
15. A display device, characterized in that it includes a display device as described in any one of claims 1 to 13
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JP6358078B2 (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2018-07-18 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Electro-optical device and electronic apparatus |
CN106941113B (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2020-04-21 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | OLED display panel, preparation method thereof and display device |
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CN113497078A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2021-10-12 | 深圳市柔宇科技有限公司 | Display device and method for manufacturing the same |
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