WO2015080452A1 - 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성용 촉매의 저장방법 - Google Patents
활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성용 촉매의 저장방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015080452A1 WO2015080452A1 PCT/KR2014/011389 KR2014011389W WO2015080452A1 WO 2015080452 A1 WO2015080452 A1 WO 2015080452A1 KR 2014011389 W KR2014011389 W KR 2014011389W WO 2015080452 A1 WO2015080452 A1 WO 2015080452A1
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Definitions
- the present invention provides an activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst capable of long-term storage while maintaining the activity of the metal catalyst; Its preparation method; It relates to a method for producing a liquid or solid hydrocarbon using the catalyst.
- Fischer-Tropsch synthesis developed by German chemists Fischer and Tropsch in 1923, produces liquid hydrocarbons from coal, natural gas, biomass, etc. via syngas. It became possible.
- CTL Coal-to-liquids
- GTL gas-to-liquids
- BTL biomass-to-liquids
- Similar processes are collectively called XTL ("X" resource-to-liquids).
- One of the main objectives of the XTL process is to obtain liquid fuels, and thus, it is a recent trend to manufacture linear hydrocarbons, especially C 5+ linear hydrocarbons with high selectivity by optimizing the reaction catalyst, the ratio of syngas, temperature and pressure.
- a cobalt-based or iron-based catalyst is mainly used as the reaction catalyst, and the metal catalyst is uniformly dispersed and supported on a support surface such as alumina, silica, or titania.
- precious metals such as Ru, Pt or Re may be used as a promoter.
- Such catalysts are mainly supported on a support such as alumina ( ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , ⁇ -Al 2 O 3, etc.), silica (SiO 2 ), titania (TiO 2 ), or magnesia (MgO).
- alumina ⁇ -Al 2 O 3 , ⁇ -Al 2 O 3, etc.
- silica SiO 2
- titania TiO 2
- MgO magnesia
- SBA-15 and MCM-41 which are silica materials having a mesoporous structure, also have a mesoporous structure, but CMK-3, which is a carbon-based material.
- Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are expanding their use.
- the incipient wetness method, the impregnation method, etc. are mainly used when the catalyst is supported on such a support.
- cobalt acid salt Co (NO 3 ) 2 .6H 2 O, etc.
- salts such as Pt, Ru, or Re, which are used as cocatalysts
- a suitable solvent to prepare a mixed solution of a precursor.
- the dried catalyst is then calcined in an air or inert gas atmosphere to obtain catalyst particles in which metal oxide crystals are supported on a support.
- Fischer-Tropsch cobalt catalysts are active in the reduced metal state and must be fully reduced before the reaction in any way.
- the in situ reduction method of raising the reduction temperature while flowing the reducing gas while filling the reactor with the calcined catalyst is mainly used, but the reduction temperature is usually higher than the reaction temperature, and a separate reducing gas injection is performed. Because of the need for equipment, other reactors may be used in commercial reactors.
- this passivation method has some problems. First of all, it is very difficult to know the degree of proper passivation. It is different for each catalyst as to how much oxidation should be done to minimize violent oxidation when exposed to air. In addition, since the oxidation has been partially performed before use, the initial activity is not good, there is a problem of maintaining the overall low activity compared to the in situ reduction method.
- F. Huber et al. (F. Huber, H. Venvik, Catalysis Letters, 2006, 3-4, 211-220) are encapsulation methods using organic materials, carbon layer coating methods, metal catalysts through oxygen and N 2 O treatment. A passivation method was proposed. However, this method also requires a reducing condition of heating for 16 hours while flowing hydrogen gas at a high temperature of 350 ° C. in the activation method.
- WO 03/002252 adds a certain amount (5-20%) of short chain hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, etc.) together with hydrogen gas, or adds synthesis gas to the support to produce carbide forms of metal catalysts during hydrogen reduction.
- a method of transporting or activating a catalyst by passivating the activated catalyst using a method of coating the surface of the supported metal precursor material with carbon has been proposed.
- Catalysts in the form of metal carbides are known to have enhanced activity after activation, and are known to be more active if some form of metal carbide forms in the activated metal catalyst.
- the contents mentioned in WO 03/002252 require a hydrogen reduction treatment at a high temperature of 350 ° C. or higher under conditions for activating a catalyst that is passivated in the form of metal carbide, and thus requires a separate activator. .
- the present inventors have attempted to develop a new storage method capable of maintaining the activity of the metal catalyst activated by reducing gas for a long time while overcoming the limitation of the conventional method of activating the metal catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.
- the first aspect of the present invention is a first step of reducing the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst using hydrogen or carbon monoxide-containing reducing gas; Preparing a liquid hydrocarbon from which some or all of the molecular oxygen has been removed; And a third step of injecting the reduction catalyst prepared in the first step into the liquid hydrocarbon prepared in the second step while preventing the air from contacting it.
- a second aspect of the present invention provides a process for preparing a liquid or solid hydrocarbon using a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, the method for preparing an activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst according to the method described in the first aspect of the present invention. a step; applying the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst activated according to step a to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor; And c step of performing a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction using the activated catalyst.
- a third aspect of the invention is a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst activated according to the process described in the first aspect of the invention, wherein the reduced metal catalyst used in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is charged with or by a liquid hydrocarbon Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst characterized by being coated.
- Example 1 alumina, if necessary (Experimental Example 1), separate heating to remove the wax prior to loading the reactor The device and the separation device should be provided, and there is a problem that it must be transferred back to the reactor and put into use, so the utility in the field is poor.
- the present invention provides a Fischer-Trop
- the activated metal catalyst used for the synthesis is characterized in that the molecular oxygen molecules are stored and transported using a degassed liquid hydrocarbon.
- the storage method according to the present invention since high activity is maintained for a long time, even when the catalyst is transported to a remote production facility, it shows excellent conversion performance and selectivity.
- the liquid hydrocarbon is coated on the powdery catalyst particles, the amount of the liquid hydrocarbon required is not high.
- catalysts preserved in liquid hydrocarbons can be easily separated from the liquid hydrocarbons just prior to catalyst loading using Buchner funnels, filter papers, and aspirators in the reactor. In actual production sites, the amount of catalyst can be considered and replaced with a device that functions similarly to the above equipment.
- liquid hydrocarbon coating or charging the activated metal catalyst according to the present invention is in a liquid state at room temperature, even in a tubular fixed bed reactor in which an accurate volume of catalyst is to be charged into the tube, the liquid hydrocarbon is activated without any additional heating process.
- the catalyst can be charged to the correct volume.
- the method for preparing an activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises the steps of: reducing the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst using hydrogen or carbon monoxide-containing reducing gas; Preparing a liquid hydrocarbon from which some or all of the molecular oxygen has been removed; And a third step of introducing the reduction catalyst prepared in the first step into the liquid hydrocarbon prepared in the second step while preventing air from contacting.
- the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst is mainly a cobalt-based or iron-based catalyst. It can also be supported on supports such as silica, alumina, titania, zeolites, mesoporous carbon structures, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous silica, silica / alumina mixtures, titania / silica mixtures and alumina / titania mixtures.
- the metal-containing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst may further include a promoter metal such as platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), rhenium (Re).
- the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst may include a catalyst having a reduced activity by being used in a dry catalyst, a firing catalyst, a reduction catalyst, and a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction as described below.
- a “dry catalyst” refers to a catalyst and / or promoter precursor supported on a support using a catalyst preparation method such as incipient wetness impregnation, impregnation method, coprecipitation method, sol-gel method, chemical vapor deposition method, plasma method or deposition-precipitation, followed by drying. It may be a catalyst in a state. Thereafter, the drying catalyst is calcined to make metal oxide crystals in the pores of the support. At this time, the drying catalyst is calcined in an air atmosphere or an inert gas atmosphere (eg, a gas which does not cause a reaction such as nitrogen, helium, argon, etc.). The catalyst which has progressed to firing is referred to as " firing catalyst ". For use in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, the firing catalyst is reduced to metal oxide crystals using a reducing gas such as hydrogen, which is called a "reduction catalyst".
- a reducing gas such as hydrogen
- the catalyst used in the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction using the synthesis gas shows a catalyst deactivation of 5 to 10% after a long time reaction (200 hours or more).
- the reason for the deactivation of the catalyst used is not the effect of cracking or poisoning of the catalyst, but the reduction of the active site by wax, the product produced during the reaction, the oxidation of the metal catalyst by the generated water, and the blockage of pores by carbon deposition. Big. Catalysts deactivated in a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction using syngas can also be regenerated by treating the hydrogen-containing gas to metal.
- a mixed solution obtained by dissolving a metal precursor of cobalt precursor Co (NO 3 ) 2 .6H 2 O in a solvent such as water and ethanol is injected into pores of the support by impregnation with a porous oxide support such as silica or alumina.
- a porous oxide support such as silica or alumina.
- noble metal promoters such as platinum (Pt), ruthenium (Ru) and rhenium (Re) may be used together to enhance activity or selectivity.
- additional metal precursor solutions can be injected through drying and firing. After the metal precursor solution is appropriately injected, the catalyst particles are formed in a form in which metal oxide crystals are dispersed in the support by drying and firing.
- the catalyst or catalyst may be prepared using a catalyst preparation method such as solution impregnation, coprecipitation, sol-gel, chemical vapor deposition, plasma, or deposition-precipitation.
- the catalyst may be prepared by supporting the precursor of the cocatalyst on the support.
- the first step of reducing the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst using hydrogen or carbon monoxide-containing reducing gas comprises a portion of the metal oxide from the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst containing the metal oxide or Forming a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst all reduced to metal.
- the metal oxide crystals In order to use the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction, the metal oxide crystals must be reduced and activated.
- a mixed gas containing a certain amount of hydrogen, a mixed gas containing a certain amount of carbon monoxide or a mixed gas containing a certain amount of hydrogen and carbon monoxide is used, and a reducing temperature is performed in a range of about 300 to 500 ° C.
- the reducing gas can be used mixed with the inert gas.
- the inert gas may be treated with hydrogen or carbon monoxide to act as a carrier gas to promote the migration of hydrogen or carbon monoxide and serve to adjust the concentration. Description of the inert gas will be described later.
- the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst in which a part or all of the metal oxides are reduced to the metal from the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst containing a metal oxide
- metal oxides can be obtained by reduction treatment with hydrogen at high temperatures
- the calcining catalyst obtained after calcining can be obtained by treating a gas mixture containing 5 to 100% of carbon monoxide at a pressure of 5 bar or more at a temperature of 300 to 450 ° C. to partially reduce the metal oxide to metal;
- Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts containing metal carbides may be charged to a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor and then reduced to metal in mild conditions such as the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction temperature.
- the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction temperature is usually 200 to 300 ° C.
- the catalyst activated by reduction in the first step of the first aspect of the present invention reacts with oxygen very vigorously, the cobalt metal is rapidly oxidized and rapidly converted into a metal oxide of CoO or Co 3 O 4 form when taken out in air. At this time, the intense oxidation reaction is exothermic and accelerates the oxidation.
- liquid hydrocarbon is preferably one part or all molecular oxygen removed.
- the liquid hydrocarbon that can be used may be a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon having 5 or more carbon atoms. It is also possible to mix one or two or more kinds of liquid hydrocarbons.
- An example of a liquid hydrocarbon is squalane (C 30 H 62 ).
- the second step of preparing a liquid hydrocarbon in which the molecular oxygen is partially or completely removed is bubbling an inert gas into the liquid hydrocarbon for at least 12 hours, preferably at least 24 hours. It may be to remove the molecular oxygen.
- the inert gas may be any gas which is inert to the reduced Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, for example, a gas that does not re-oxidize the reduced metal catalyst.
- Non-limiting examples thereof include nitrogen, neon, helium, argon, krypton, xeon, radon and mixtures thereof, and the like, and may be used by mixing two or more in any ratio.
- the third step according to the first aspect of the present invention is a step of introducing the reduction catalyst prepared in the first step into the liquid hydrocarbon prepared in the second step while preventing air from contacting.
- the amount of liquid hydrocarbons such as squalane is sufficient if the catalyst particles are sufficiently wetted with squalane to coat the surface, and more specifically, a volume of 0.5 to 1.5 times the apparent volume of the catalyst is sufficient.
- the reduced catalytic particles are then contacted with air.
- an inert gas such as argon, helium, nitrogen, etc.
- the inert gas is sufficiently blown into the container to push the air in the upper part of the container so that the catalyst does not come into contact with the air when the catalyst is introduced.
- the device is designed by connecting the catalytic reduction device and the squalane vessel with a tube or pipe, continuously injecting the inert gas into the squalane vessel, and discharging the inert gas in a suitable place of the vessel, the active catalyst is smoothly supplied to the squalane. Can be injected without contact.
- the description of the inert gas is as described above.
- the process for the preparation of the activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst according to the first aspect of the present invention can be applied to most catalysts to be used by reduction, which is also within the scope of the present invention.
- the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst activated according to the method described in the first aspect of the present invention may be in a slurry state or a liquid state, and the reduced metal catalyst used in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis may be charged with liquid hydrocarbon or It may be coated by.
- a method for preparing a liquid or solid hydrocarbon using the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction is carried out using a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst activated according to the method described in the first aspect of the present invention.
- the method may further include recovering and storing the activated Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst after step a.
- the reactor may be a slurry reactor, a fixed bed reactor, a multi-channel reactor or a continuous stirred tank reactor.
- the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst activated according to the present invention has a metal catalyst coated with or charged with a liquid hydrocarbon, so that even in a tubular fixed bed reactor in which the correct volume of catalyst is to be charged into the tube, Upon removal, the activated catalyst can be charged to the correct volume.
- Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction is 200 to 350 °C (preferably 200 to 240 °C), reaction pressure 5 to 30 kg / cm 3 (preferably 1.0 to 2.5 MPa), space velocity 1000-12000 h -1 ( Preferably from 2000 to 10000 h -1 ), but is not limited thereto.
- the Fischer Tropsch synthesis reaction is preferably carried out while maintaining the hydrogen / carbon monoxide reaction ratio of 1 to 2 molar ratio.
- the hydrocarbon production method according to the present invention may further include a reforming reaction step of the Fischer Tropsch synthesis reaction product after step c.
- the present invention enables long-term storage by charging the activated metal catalyst used in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis into the liquid hydrocarbon degassed in molecular oxygen, and does not lose activity during long distance transport.
- the catalyst in the slurry state or the filtered state is filled in the reactor as it is, so it is much easier than the method of charging or slicing the solidified catalyst lumps into wax or the like into the reactor.
- the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst is prepared and then activated and preserved, thus eliminating the need for separately activating the catalyst at the production site, and related equipment is also unnecessary.
- a catalyst having a composition of 0.05Pt-24Co / 1.5Si / Alumina (the number before the element represents the weight composition of each element in the catalyst particles) was prepared, dried at 110 ° C for 12 hours, and calcined at 400 ° C for 5 hours.
- Squalane (C 30 H 62 ), a type of liquid hydrocarbon, is bubbling with argon for 24 hours to almost remove molecular oxygen in the liquid, and the reduced catalytic particles contain squalane.
- the inert gas When poured into the vessel, the inert gas was blown into the vessel sufficiently to push out the air at the top of the vessel so that the catalyst did not come into contact with the air when the catalyst was introduced. The squalane vessel was then left in air at room temperature for one week with the air open.
- Comparative Example 1-1 Passivation method using 1% by volume oxygen (rest of nitrogen).
- the reduced catalysts were reduced and cooled to room temperature as in Example 1, followed by passivating by flowing a 1% by volume oxygen-containing gas mixture (the remaining nitrogen) for 1 hour. After opening the reactor, the catalyst was taken out and placed in air at room temperature for one week.
- Comparative Example 1-2 Passivation method with 5% by volume oxygen (rest nitrogen).
- Comparative Example 1-3 A passivation method using 10% by volume oxygen (rest of nitrogen).
- the reactor used in the experiment was a tubular fixed bed reactor, the diameter was 9.525 mm, the amount of catalyst was 0.3 g, the ratio of catalyst to diluent is 1: 5 (weight ratio), the size of the catalyst was 50 to 150 ⁇ m, and the diluent was ⁇ -alumina. And the size is similar to that of the catalyst.
- the catalyst preserved in squalane for one week after activation according to Example 1 was separated from squalane using a Buchner funnel, filter paper, and an aspirator.
- the separated catalyst was charged to a tubular micro fixed bed reactor to carry out a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction.
- the results are shown in Table 1 below.
- the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction was carried out using a catalyst activated according to Comparative Example 1-1 and preserved for one week. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
- the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction was carried out using a catalyst activated according to Comparative Example 1-2 and preserved for one week. The results are shown in Table 3 below.
- the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction was carried out using a catalyst activated according to Comparative Examples 1-3 and preserved for one week. The results are shown in Table 4 below.
- the catalyst activated according to Example 1 had a higher conversion rate of 11.55 to 13.48 percentage points in the 220 ° C. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction even after exposure to air for one week, and 230 ° C. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction.
- the conversion rate was higher between 7.95 and 11.75 percentage points.
- the activity of the reduced metal catalyst preserved according to the invention is much higher than the activity of the catalyst preserved by the passivation method using molecular oxygen. In both cases, the selectivity of C 5+ hydrocarbons was not significantly different.
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Abstract
Description
T(℃) | SV(ml/g-cat/h) | Conversion | Hydrocarbon selectivity | ||
Total Conv(CO) | C1 | C2-C4 | C5+ | ||
220 | 4000 | 74.40 | 4.79 | 6.23 | 88.98 |
230 | 4000 | 88.98 | 5.74 | 6.66 | 87.59 |
T(℃) | SV(ml/g-cat/h) | Conversion | Hydrocarbon selectivity | ||
Total Conv(CO) | C1 | C2-C4 | C5+ | ||
220 | 4000 | 61.10 | 4.95 | 5.48 | 89.57 |
230 | 4000 | 77.23 | 5.20 | 5.66 | 89.13 |
T(℃) | SV(ml/g-cat/h) | Conversion | Hydrocarbon selectivity | ||
Total Conv(CO) | C1 | C2-C4 | C5+ | ||
220 | 4000 | 60.92 | 6.12 | 6.96 | 86.92 |
230 | 4000 | 79.14 | 6.44 | 7.04 | 86.52 |
T(℃) | SV(ml/g-cat/h) | Conversion | Hydrocarbon selectivity | ||
Total Conv(CO) | C1 | C2-C4 | C5+ | ||
220 | 4000 | 62.85 | 6.02 | 6.93 | 87.05 |
230 | 4000 | 81.03 | 6.41 | 7.19 | 86.40 |
Claims (16)
- 수소 또는 일산화탄소 함유 환원가스를 이용하여 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매를 환원시키는 제1단계;분자상 산소가 일부 또는 전부 제거된 액체 탄화수소를 준비하는 제2단계; 및제1단계에서 준비된 환원 촉매를 공기가 접촉하지 않도록 하면서 제2단계에서 준비된 액체 탄화수소에 투입하는 제3단계를 포함하는, 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 제2단계는 액체 탄화수소에 12 시간 이상 비활성 기체를 버블링(bubbling)하여 분자상 산소를 제거하는 것인, 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 제1단계는 300~500℃에서 수행되는 것인, 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매의 제조 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서, 비활성 기체는 환원된 피셔-트롭시 촉매에 비활성인 기체인 것인, 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매의 제조 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서, 비활성 기체는 질소, 네온, 헬륨, 아르곤, 크립톤, 제온, 라돈 및 이의 혼합물로 구성된 군으로부터 선택된 것인, 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 액체 탄화수소는 탄소 수 5 이상인 포화 또는 불포화 탄화수소인 것인, 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매의 제조 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서, 액체 탄화수소에 함유된 분자상 산소를 제거하기 위해 비활성 기체를 24 시간 이상 버블링(bubbling)하는 것인, 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매는 코발트 또는 철을 활성 성분으로 함유하는 것인, 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매는 실리카, 알루미나, 티타니아, 제올라이트, 메조포어 탄소구조, 탄소나노튜브, 메조포어 실리카, 실리카/알루미나 혼합물, 티타니아/실리카 혼합물 및 알루미나/티타니아 혼합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 어느 하나의 지지체에 담지된 것인, 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매의 제조 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 상기 금속 함유 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매는 백금(Pt), 팔라듐(Pd), 로듐(Rh), 루테늄(Ru) 및 레늄(Re)으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상의 조촉매 금속을 추가로 포함하는 것인, 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매의 제조 방법.
- 피셔-트롭시 합성반응을 이용하여, 액체 또는 고체 탄화수소를 제조하는 방법에 있어서,제1항 내지 제10항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 방법에 따라 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매를 준비하는 a 단계;a 단계에 따라 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매를 피셔-트롭시 합성 반응기에 적용하는 b 단계; 및활성화된 촉매를 사용하여 피셔-트롭시 합성반응을 수행하는 c 단계를 포함하는 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 피셔-트롭시 합성 반응온도는 200 내지 300℃인 것이 특징인 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 피셔-트롭시 합성 반응기는 튜브형 고정층 반응기인 것이 특징인 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 상기 a 단계 이후에 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성용 촉매를 회수하여 보관하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 것이 특징인 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제10항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 방법에 따라 활성화된 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매로서,피셔-트롭시 합성에 사용되는 환원된 금속촉매가 액체 탄화수소에 장입되거나 액체 탄화수소에 의해 코팅된 것이 특징인 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매.
- 제15항에 있어서, 슬러리 상태 혹은 액체 상태인 것인 피셔-트롭시 합성 촉매.
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CN106238103A (zh) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-21 | 郑州峰泰纳米材料有限公司 | 腈基改性SiO2纳米管负载钴基纳米催化剂及其制备方法 |
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KR102250016B1 (ko) * | 2019-05-17 | 2021-05-07 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | 고발열량을 가진 합성 천연가스 제조용 촉매 및 이를 이용한 고발열량의 파라핀계 합성 천연가스의 합성 방법 |
CN110918098B (zh) * | 2019-11-25 | 2022-08-16 | 中南民族大学 | 一种用于费-托合成反应的高效Co/CNTs催化剂的制备方法 |
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KR20150062248A (ko) | 2015-06-08 |
CN105358252A (zh) | 2016-02-24 |
EP3075450A1 (en) | 2016-10-05 |
CN105358252B (zh) | 2019-06-04 |
EP3075450B1 (en) | 2020-09-02 |
EP3075450A4 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
KR101816787B1 (ko) | 2018-01-11 |
US20160296918A1 (en) | 2016-10-13 |
US9815046B2 (en) | 2017-11-14 |
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