WO2015046585A1 - 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス - Google Patents
合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015046585A1 WO2015046585A1 PCT/JP2014/076144 JP2014076144W WO2015046585A1 WO 2015046585 A1 WO2015046585 A1 WO 2015046585A1 JP 2014076144 W JP2014076144 W JP 2014076144W WO 2015046585 A1 WO2015046585 A1 WO 2015046585A1
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- laminated glass
- polyvinyl acetal
- acetal resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/22—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using plasticisers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
- B32B2250/246—All polymers belonging to those covered by groups B32B27/32 and B32B27/30
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an interlayer film for laminated glass used for laminated glass. Moreover, this invention relates to the laminated glass using the said intermediate film for laminated glasses.
- Laminated glass is superior in safety even if it is damaged by an external impact and the amount of glass fragments scattered is small. For this reason, the said laminated glass is widely used for a motor vehicle, a rail vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, a building, etc.
- the laminated glass is manufactured by sandwiching an interlayer film for laminated glass between a pair of glass plates.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an interlayer film that can enhance the sound insulation property of a laminated glass in a high frequency range over a wide temperature range.
- the intermediate film is laminated on the first surface of the first layer including the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer, and the second layer includes the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer.
- a third layer that is laminated on a second surface opposite to the first surface of the first layer and includes a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is lower than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the second and third layers.
- the ratio of the thickness of the first layer to the total thickness of the second layer and the third layer is 0.14 or less.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an interlayer film that can improve penetration resistance over a wide temperature range.
- Patent Document 2 describes that the carbon number of an acetal group of a polyvinyl acetal resin is reduced or a coacetal resin using an aldehyde having a small carbon number is used to improve penetration resistance.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an interlayer film for laminated glass that can enhance the penetration resistance of laminated glass. Another object of the present invention is to provide a laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- a first layer containing a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer, a first layer side of the first layer, the polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer are disposed.
- the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is higher than the hydroxyl content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the second layer
- the content of the plasticizer contained in the first layer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is the second amount with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the second layer.
- an interlayer film for laminated glass that is less than the content of the plasticizer contained in the layer.
- the interlayer is disposed on the second surface side opposite to the first surface of the first layer, and a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer are provided.
- a hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is higher than a hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the third layer,
- the content of the plasticizer contained in the first layer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is the third amount with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the third layer.
- the content of the plasticizer contained in the layer is less.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is 32 mol% or more.
- the thickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass is 700 ⁇ m or less.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the second layer is preferably 2 mol% or more, more preferably more than 3 mol%.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer exceeds 34 mol%.
- the content of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is 33.9 mol% or less.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is a polyvinyl butyral resin, and the degree of butyralization of the polyvinyl butyral resin is 61.5 mol% or more. It is.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the second layer is 4.8 mol% or less.
- the absolute value of the difference between the content of the plasticizer contained in the second layer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the layer 2 is preferably 2 parts by weight or more, more preferably 8.1 parts by weight. More than a part.
- the thickness of the first layer is 0.14 T or more.
- the thickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass is 700 ⁇ m or less, and the thickness of the first layer is thinner than the thickness of the second layer.
- the first laminated glass member, the second laminated glass member, and the interlayer film for laminated glass described above are provided, and the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass are provided.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention is disposed on the first surface side of the first layer including the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer, and the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer.
- the content of the hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is the content of the hydroxyl group of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the second layer.
- the content of the plasticizer contained in the first layer relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is higher than the rate, and the polyvinyl acetal contained in the second layer. Since there is less content of the said plasticizer contained in the said 2nd layer with respect to 100 weight part of resin, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass using the intermediate film for laminated glasses which concerns on this invention It is possible to increase.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view schematically showing an interlayer film for laminated glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of laminated glass using the interlayer film for laminated glass shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a partially cutaway sectional view of an interlayer film for laminated glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the intermediate film 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a multilayer intermediate film having a laminated structure of two or more layers.
- the intermediate film 1 is used to obtain a laminated glass.
- the intermediate film 1 is an intermediate film for laminated glass.
- the intermediate film 1 is opposite to the first layer 2, the second layer 3 disposed on the first surface 2 a side of the first layer 2, and the first surface 2 a of the first layer 2.
- a third layer 4 disposed on the second surface 2b side.
- the second layer 3 is laminated on the first surface 2 a of the first layer 2.
- the third layer 4 is laminated on the second surface 2 b of the first layer 2.
- the first layer 2 is an intermediate layer.
- the second layer 3 and the third layer 4 are, for example, protective layers, and are surface layers in the present embodiment.
- the first layer 2 is disposed between the second layer 3 and the third layer 4 and is sandwiched between them. Therefore, the intermediate film 1 has a multilayer structure in which the second layer 3, the first layer 2, and the third layer
- the surface 3a opposite to the first layer 2 side of the second layer 3 is preferably a surface on which laminated glass members are laminated.
- the surface 4a opposite to the first layer 2 side of the third layer 4 is preferably the surface on which the laminated glass member is laminated.
- the other layer include a layer containing a thermoplastic resin such as polyvinyl acetal resin, and a layer containing polyethylene terephthalate.
- the first layer 2, the second layer 3, and the third layer 4 each contain a polyvinyl acetal resin and a plasticizer.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer 2 is higher than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the second layer 3.
- the content of the plasticizer contained in the first layer 2 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer 2 is the second amount relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the second layer 3.
- the content of the plasticizer contained in the layer 3 is less.
- the penetration resistance of the laminated glass using the intermediate film 1 can be improved.
- the penetration resistance of the intermediate film having the above-described configuration is higher than the penetration resistance of the intermediate film not having the above-described configuration.
- sufficiently high penetration resistance can be maintained.
- the second layer 3 and the third layer 4 are laminated one by one on both surfaces of the first layer 2. It is only necessary that the second layer is disposed on the first surface side of the first layer. Even if the second layer is disposed on the first surface side of the first layer and the third layer is not disposed on the second surface side of the first layer. Good. However, the second layer is disposed on the first surface side of the first layer, and the third layer is disposed on the second surface side of the first layer. It is preferable. By arranging the third layer on the second surface side of the first layer, the flexibility of the intermediate film is increased and the handling of the intermediate film is facilitated. Furthermore, the adhesiveness with respect to a laminated glass member etc. can be adjusted with the surface of the both sides of an intermediate film. In addition, when the said 3rd layer does not exist, the adhesiveness with respect to the laminated glass member of the outer surface of the said 2nd layer of an intermediate film can be adjusted.
- the third layer preferably contains a polyvinyl acetal resin, and preferably contains a plasticizer.
- the content of hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is the same as that of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the third layer. It is preferable that the content of the hydroxyl group is higher.
- the content of the plasticizer contained in the first layer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the first layer is It is preferable that the content of the plasticizer contained in the third layer is less than 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin contained in the third layer.
- the first layer includes a polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a polyvinyl acetal resin (1)).
- the second layer contains a polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter may be referred to as a polyvinyl acetal resin (2)).
- the third layer preferably contains a polyvinyl acetal resin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a polyvinyl acetal resin (3)).
- the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) may be the same or different.
- the said polyvinyl acetal resin (1), the said polyvinyl acetal resin (2), and the said polyvinyl acetal resin (3) only 1 type may respectively be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin can be produced, for example, by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde.
- the polyvinyl alcohol can be obtained, for example, by saponifying polyvinyl acetate.
- the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is generally 70 to 99.9 mol%.
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 200 or more, more preferably 500 or more, still more preferably 1000 or more, particularly preferably 1300 or more, most preferably 1500 or more, preferably 3000 or less, more preferably 2700 or less, and further Preferably it is 2400 or less.
- the average degree of polymerization is not less than the above lower limit, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is further enhanced.
- the average degree of polymerization is not more than the above upper limit, the intermediate film can be easily molded.
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is particularly preferably 1500 or more and 3000 or less.
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol is determined by a method based on JIS K6726 “Testing method for polyvinyl alcohol”.
- the carbon number of the acetal group contained in the polyvinyl acetal resin is not particularly limited.
- the aldehyde used when manufacturing the said polyvinyl acetal resin is not specifically limited.
- the carbon number of the acetal group in the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 3 to 5, and more preferably 3 or 4. When the carbon number of the acetal group in the polyvinyl acetal resin is 3 or more, the glass transition temperature of the intermediate film is sufficiently low.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably a polyvinyl butyral resin.
- the aldehyde is not particularly limited. In general, an aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferably used as the aldehyde.
- Examples of the aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-valeraldehyde, 2-ethylbutyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde, n-octylaldehyde, Examples include n-nonyl aldehyde, n-decyl aldehyde, and benzaldehyde.
- propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde or n-valeraldehyde is preferable
- propionaldehyde, n-butyraldehyde or isobutyraldehyde is more preferable
- n-butyraldehyde is still more preferable.
- the said aldehyde only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl content) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 31.5 mol% or more, more preferably 32 mol% or more, still more preferably 32.5 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 34 mol. %, Preferably 36.5 mol% or less, more preferably 36 mol% or less, still more preferably 33.9 mol% or less.
- the content of the hydroxyl group is not less than the above lower limit, the mechanical strength of the interlayer film is further increased, and the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is further increased.
- the content of hydroxyl groups in the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is 31.5 mol% or more, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is effectively increased.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably more than 34 mol%. Further, when the hydroxyl group content is not more than the above upper limit, the flexibility of the interlayer film is increased, and the handling of the interlayer film is facilitated.
- the content of each hydroxyl group in the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 28 mol% or more, more preferably 28.5 mol% or more, still more preferably 29 mol% or more, particularly preferably. Is 29.5 mol% or more, preferably 32 mol% or less, more preferably 31 mol% or less, still more preferably 30.5 mol% or less.
- the content of the hydroxyl group is not less than the lower limit, the mechanical strength of the interlayer film is further increased. Further, when the hydroxyl group content is not more than the above upper limit, the flexibility of the interlayer film is increased, and the handling of the interlayer film is facilitated.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is higher than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2). From the viewpoint of further improving the penetration resistance of the laminated glass, the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably higher than the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (3).
- the absolute value of the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2), and the above is preferably 0.5 mol% or more, more preferably 1 mol% or more. More preferably, it is 1.5 mol% or more, still more preferably 2 mol% or more, particularly preferably 3 mol% or more, and most preferably 3.1 mol% or more.
- the absolute value of the difference from the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 8.5 mol% or less, more preferably 7 mol% or less, still more preferably 6 mol% or less, particularly preferably 5 mol. % Or less, most preferably 4.8 mol% or less.
- the absolute value of the difference between the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) and the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2), and the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably more than 3 mol%.
- the hydroxyl group content of the polyvinyl acetal resin is a value indicating the mole fraction obtained by dividing the amount of ethylene groups to which the hydroxyl group is bonded by the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain, as a percentage.
- the amount of the ethylene group to which the hydroxyl group is bonded can be measured, for example, according to JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral”.
- the degree of acetylation (acetyl group amount) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 0.3 mol% or more, more preferably 0.5 mol% or more, still more preferably 0.7 mol% or more, particularly preferably. 1.1 mol% or more, preferably 8 mol% or less, more preferably 5 mol% or less, still more preferably 2 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 1.8 mol% or less.
- the acetylation degree is not less than the above lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer is increased.
- the acetylation degree is not more than the above upper limit, the mechanical strength of the interlayer film is further increased.
- Each degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 0.3 mol% or more, more preferably 0.5 mol% or more, still more preferably 0.8 mol% or more. , Preferably 2 mol% or less, more preferably 1.8 mol% or less.
- the acetylation degree is not less than the above lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer is increased.
- the acetylation degree is not more than the above upper limit, the mechanical strength of the interlayer film is further increased.
- the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably different from the degree of acetylation of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3).
- the absolute value of the difference from (3) is preferably 0.1 mol% or more, more preferably 0.2 mol% or more.
- the degree of acetylation is obtained by subtracting the amount of ethylene groups to which acetal groups are bonded and the amount of ethylene groups to which hydroxyl groups are bonded from the total amount of ethylene groups of the main chain, It is a value indicating the mole fraction obtained by dividing by the percentage.
- the amount of ethylene group to which the acetal group is bonded can be measured, for example, according to JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral”.
- the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 61.5 mol% or more, more preferably 61.7 mol% or more, and further preferably 62 mol%. More preferably, it is 69 mol% or less, more preferably 68.2 mol% or less, still more preferably 68 mol% or less, particularly preferably 67 mol% or less, and most preferably 64.9 mol% or less.
- the degree of acetalization is not less than the above lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer increases.
- the degree of acetalization is less than or equal to the above upper limit, the reaction time required for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin is shortened.
- the degree of acetalization (degree of butyralization in the case of polyvinyl butyral resin) of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) and the polyvinyl acetal resin (3) is preferably 65 mol% or more, more preferably 67 mol% or more, and further Preferably it is 67.2 mol% or more, Especially preferably, it is 68.1 mol% or more, Preferably it is 71.7 mol% or less, More preferably, it is 71.5 mol% or less, More preferably, it is 70 mol% or less.
- the degree of acetalization is not less than the above lower limit, the compatibility between the polyvinyl acetal resin and the plasticizer increases.
- the degree of acetalization is less than or equal to the above upper limit, the reaction time required for producing a polyvinyl acetal resin is shortened.
- the above-mentioned degree of acetalization is a value indicating the mole fraction obtained by dividing the amount of ethylene groups to which acetal groups are bonded by the total amount of ethylene groups in the main chain as a percentage.
- the degree of acetalization can be calculated by a method based on JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral”.
- the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl content), acetalization degree (butyralization degree), and acetylation degree are preferably calculated from results measured by a method in accordance with JIS K6728 “Testing methods for polyvinyl butyral”. However, measurement according to ASTM D1396-92 JIS K6728 may be used.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin is a polyvinyl butyral resin
- the hydroxyl group content (hydroxyl amount), the acetalization degree (butyralization degree), and the acetylation degree are determined in accordance with JIS K6728 “Testing methods for polyvinyl butyral”. It can be calculated from the results measured by
- the first layer includes a plasticizer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a plasticizer (1)).
- the second layer includes a plasticizer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a plasticizer (2)).
- the third layer preferably contains a plasticizer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a plasticizer (3)).
- plasticizer examples include organic ester plasticizers such as monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters, and organic phosphate plasticizers such as organic phosphoric acid plasticizers and organic phosphorous acid plasticizers. . Of these, organic ester plasticizers are preferred.
- the plasticizer is preferably a liquid plasticizer.
- Examples of the monobasic organic acid ester include glycol esters obtained by a reaction between glycol and a monobasic organic acid.
- Examples of the glycol include triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, and tripropylene glycol.
- Examples of the monobasic organic acid include butyric acid, isobutyric acid, caproic acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid, heptylic acid, n-octylic acid, 2-ethylhexylic acid, n-nonylic acid, and decylic acid.
- polybasic organic acid ester examples include ester compounds of a polybasic organic acid and an alcohol having a linear or branched structure having 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
- polybasic organic acid examples include adipic acid, sebacic acid, and azelaic acid.
- organic ester plasticizer examples include triethylene glycol di-2-ethylpropanoate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dicaprylate, Triethylene glycol di-n-octanoate, triethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, tetraethylene glycol di-n-heptanoate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl carbitol adipate, ethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, 1,3-propylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethyl butyrate, diethylene glycol di-2-ethyl Hexanoate, dipropylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-eth
- organic phosphate plasticizer examples include tributoxyethyl phosphate, isodecylphenyl phosphate, triisopropyl phosphate, and the like.
- the plasticizer is preferably a diester plasticizer represented by the following formula (1).
- R1 and R2 each represent an organic group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms
- R3 represents an ethylene group, an isopropylene group or an n-propylene group
- p represents an integer of 3 to 10
- R1 and R2 in the above formula (1) are each preferably an organic group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably an organic group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the plasticizer is preferably triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO), triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate (3GH) or triethylene glycol di-2-ethylpropanoate. More preferred is triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate or triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, and even more preferred is triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate.
- 3GO triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate
- GGH triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate
- triethylene glycol di-2-ethylpropanoate More preferred is triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate or triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, and even more preferred is triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate.
- the content of the plasticizer (1) relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (1) is preferably 20 parts by weight or more, more preferably 25 parts by weight or more. More preferably, it is 27.1 parts by weight or more, preferably 35 parts by weight or less, more preferably 32 parts by weight or less, still more preferably 30 parts by weight or less.
- content (1) is not less than the above lower limit, the flexibility of the intermediate film is increased, and the handling of the intermediate film is facilitated.
- the content (1) is not more than the above upper limit, the mechanical strength of the interlayer film is further increased, and the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is further increased. In particular, when the content (1) is 35 parts by weight or less, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is effectively increased.
- Content of the plasticizer (2) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (2) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as content (2)) and the plasticizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin (3)
- the content of (3) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “content (3)”) is preferably 32 parts by weight or more, more preferably 35 parts by weight or more, still more preferably 37 parts by weight or more, particularly preferably. It is 38 parts by weight or more, preferably 50 parts by weight or less, more preferably 45 parts by weight or less, still more preferably 42 parts by weight or less, particularly preferably 41 parts by weight or less, and most preferably 39.9 parts by weight or less.
- the content (2) and the content (3) are each equal to or higher than the lower limit, the flexibility of the interlayer film is increased, and the handling of the interlayer film is facilitated.
- the content (2) and the content (3) are each not more than the above upper limit, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is further enhanced.
- the content (1) is less than the content (2). From the viewpoint of increasing the penetration resistance of the laminated glass, the content (1) is preferably less than the content (3).
- the absolute value of the difference between the content (1) and the content (2), and the content (1) and the content (3) is preferably 2 parts by weight or more, more preferably 5 parts by weight or more, still more preferably 8 parts by weight or more, particularly preferably 8.1 parts by weight or more, and most preferably 9 parts by weight or more.
- the absolute value of the difference between the content (1) and the content (2) and the absolute value of the difference between the content (1) and the content (3) are each preferably 22 parts by weight or less. More preferably, it is 20 parts by weight or less, further preferably 15 parts by weight or less, and particularly preferably 12 parts by weight or less.
- the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer are respectively an antioxidant, an ultraviolet shielding agent, a light stabilizer, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, a pigment, a dye, and an adhesive force adjustment as necessary.
- Additives such as an agent, a moisture-proofing agent, a fluorescent brightening agent and an infrared absorber may be included. As for these additives, only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the second layer and the third layer contain an adhesive strength adjusting agent.
- an adhesive force regulator it is preferable that they are an alkali metal salt, an alkaline-earth metal salt, or a magnesium salt.
- the adhesive strength modifier is preferably a magnesium salt or a potassium salt, and a magnesium salt of a carboxylic acid or A potassium salt of carboxylic acid is more preferable.
- the magnesium salt of the carboxylic acid is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include magnesium acetate, magnesium propionate, magnesium 2-ethylbutanoate, magnesium 2-ethylhexanoate and the like.
- the magnesium element content in the second layer and the third layer is preferably 200 ppm or less, more preferably 150 ppm or less, still more preferably 100 ppm or less, and 80 ppm or less. Is particularly preferred.
- the magnesium element may be contained as magnesium derived from a magnesium salt, or may be contained as magnesium derived from a neutralizing agent used when synthesizing polyvinyl acetal.
- the potassium salt of the carboxylic acid is not particularly limited, and examples include potassium formate, potassium acetate, potassium propionate, potassium 2-ethylbutanoate, potassium 2-ethylhexanoate and the like.
- the potassium element content in the second layer and the third layer is preferably 400 ppm or less, more preferably 300 ppm or less, still more preferably 250 ppm or less, and 200 ppm or less. Is particularly preferable, and is most preferably 180 ppm or less.
- the potassium element may be contained as potassium derived from a potassium salt, or may be contained as potassium derived from a neutralizing agent used when synthesizing polyvinyl acetal.
- the contents of the potassium element and the magnesium element can be measured with an ICP emission spectrometer (“ICPE-9000” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
- the thickness of the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of practical use and from the viewpoint of sufficiently increasing the heat shielding property, the thickness of the intermediate film is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 0.25 mm or more, preferably 3 mm or less, more preferably 1.5 mm or less. is there. When the thickness of the intermediate film is not less than the above lower limit, the penetration resistance of the laminated glass is increased. When the thickness of the interlayer film is not more than the above upper limit, the transparency of the interlayer film is further improved.
- the penetration resistance can be improved even if the thickness of the interlayer film is thin. Further, the thinner the interlayer film, the lighter the laminated glass. From the viewpoint of further reducing the weight of the laminated glass while maintaining high penetration resistance, the thickness of the interlayer film is preferably 700 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 600 ⁇ m or less.
- T is the thickness of the intermediate film.
- the thickness of the first layer is preferably 0.14 T or more, more preferably 0.16 T or more, preferably 0.72 T or less, more preferably 0.00. 67T or less.
- the thicknesses of the second layer and the third layer are preferably 0.14 T or more, more preferably 0.16 T or more. , Preferably 0.43 T or less, more preferably 0.42 T or less. Moreover, the bleeding out of a plasticizer can be suppressed as each thickness of a said 2nd layer and a said 3rd layer is more than the said minimum and below the said upper limit.
- the total thickness of the second layer and the third layer Is preferably 0.28 T or more, more preferably 0.33 T or more, preferably 0.86 T or less, more preferably 0.84 T or less.
- the bleed-out of a plasticizer can be suppressed as the total thickness of the second layer and the third layer is not less than the lower limit and not more than the upper limit.
- the head of a vehicle occupant may collide with the windshield due to a vehicle accident or the like.
- the occupant may penetrate the windshield and jump out of the vehicle.
- the interlayer film for laminated glass according to the present invention is used, an occupant can be prevented from penetrating the windshield.
- the preferred lower limit of the thickness of the first layer is 50 ⁇ m, the more preferred lower limit is 100 ⁇ m, and the particularly preferred lower limit is 150 ⁇ m, which is preferred
- the upper limit is 400 ⁇ m, the more preferable upper limit is 300 ⁇ m, the particularly preferable upper limit is 250 ⁇ m, and the most preferable upper limit is 200 ⁇ m.
- the total thickness of the second layer and the third layer is preferably 0.6T or more, more preferably 0.65T or more, still more preferably 0.7T or more, preferably 0.9T or less, More preferably, it is 0.85T or less, More preferably, it is 0.8T or less.
- the same polyvinyl acetal resin is contained in the second layer and the third layer, and the second layer, the third layer, It is more preferable that the same polyvinyl acetal resin and the same plasticizer are included, and it is more preferable that the second layer and the third layer are formed of the same resin composition.
- FIG. 2 An example of the laminated glass using the intermediate film for laminated glasses which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is typically shown with sectional drawing.
- the laminated glass 11 shown in FIG. 2 includes a first laminated glass member 21, a second laminated glass member 22, and the intermediate film 1.
- the intermediate film 1 is disposed between the first laminated glass member 21 and the second laminated glass member 22 and is sandwiched.
- a first laminated glass member 21 is laminated on the first surface 1 a of the intermediate film 1.
- a second laminated glass member 22 is laminated on a second surface 1 b opposite to the first surface 1 a of the intermediate film 1.
- a first laminated glass member 21 is laminated on the outer surface 3 a of the second layer 3 of the intermediate film 1.
- a second laminated glass member 22 is laminated on the outer surface 4 a of the third layer 4 of the intermediate film 1.
- the laminated glass which concerns on this invention is the 1st laminated glass member, the 2nd laminated glass member, and the intermediate
- the intermediate film is the intermediate film for laminated glass of the present invention.
- the laminated glass member examples include a glass plate and a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film.
- Laminated glass includes not only laminated glass in which an intermediate film is sandwiched between two glass plates, but also laminated glass in which an intermediate film is sandwiched between a glass plate and a PET film or the like.
- the laminated glass is a laminate including a glass plate, and preferably at least one glass plate is used.
- Each of the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member is a glass plate or a PET film, and at least one of the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member is a glass plate. It is preferable that
- the glass plate examples include inorganic glass and organic glass.
- the inorganic glass examples include float plate glass, heat ray absorbing plate glass, heat ray reflecting plate glass, polished plate glass, mold plate glass, netted plate glass, and lined plate glass.
- the organic glass is a synthetic resin glass substituted for inorganic glass.
- the organic glass examples include polycarbonate plates and poly (meth) acrylic resin plates.
- the poly (meth) acrylic resin plate examples include a polymethyl (meth) acrylate plate.
- the thickness of the laminated glass member is preferably 1 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less.
- the thickness of the glass plate is preferably 1 mm or more, preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or less.
- the thickness of the PET film is preferably 0.03 mm or more, and preferably 0.5 mm or less.
- the method for producing the laminated glass is not particularly limited.
- the intermediate film is sandwiched between the first laminated glass member and the second laminated glass member, passed through a pressing roll, or put in a rubber bag and sucked under reduced pressure, and the first The air remaining between the laminated glass member, the second laminated glass member and the intermediate film is degassed. Thereafter, it is pre-adhered at about 70 to 110 ° C. to obtain a laminate.
- the laminate is put in an autoclave or pressed and pressed at about 120 to 150 ° C. and a pressure of 1 to 1.5 MPa. In this way, a laminated glass can be obtained.
- the interlayer film and the laminated glass can be used for automobiles, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, buildings, and the like.
- the said intermediate film and the said laminated glass can be used besides these uses.
- the interlayer film and the laminated glass are preferably a vehicle or architectural interlayer film and a laminated glass, and more preferably a vehicle interlayer film and a laminated glass.
- the intermediate film and the laminated glass can be used for an automobile windshield, side glass, rear glass, roof glass, or the like.
- the interlayer film and the laminated glass are suitably used for automobiles.
- the degree of butyralization degree of acetalization
- the degree of acetylation degree of acetylation
- the content of hydroxyl groups were determined by a method in accordance with JIS K6728 “Testing methods for polyvinyl butyral”. It was measured.
- ASTM D1396-92 the same numerical value as the method based on JIS K6728 “Testing method for polyvinyl butyral” was shown.
- composition X for forming the first layer Polyvinyl acetal resin (polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) average polymerization degree 1700, hydroxyl group content 32.6 mol%, acetylation degree 0.7 mol%, butyralization degree 66.7 mol%) 100 parts by weight and 30 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) as a plasticizer were mixed to obtain a composition X for forming the first layer.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- 3GO triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate
- the mixture of magnesium acetate and magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate was adjusted so that the concentration of magnesium element in the second layer and the third layer was 50 ppm.
- Polyvinyl acetal resin (polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) average polymerization degree 1700, hydroxyl group content 30.6 mol%, acetylation degree 1.0 mol%, butyralization degree 68.4 mol%) 100 parts by weight and the total amount of the plasticizer solution were mixed to obtain a composition Y for forming the second layer and the third layer.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- Preparation of interlayer film By co-extruding the composition X for forming the first layer and the composition Y for forming the second layer and the third layer using a co-extruder, the second layer An intermediate film (thickness 580 ⁇ m) having a laminated structure of (thickness 100 ⁇ m) / first layer (thickness 380 ⁇ m) / third layer (thickness 100 ⁇ m) was produced.
- Laminated glass production The obtained intermediate film (multilayer) was cut into a length of 35 cm and a width of 35 cm. Next, an intermediate film was sandwiched between two pieces of clear glass (length 30 cm ⁇ width 30 cm ⁇ thickness 2.5 mm), held at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes with a vacuum laminator, and vacuum pressed to obtain a laminate. In the laminated body, the intermediate film portion protruding from the glass was cut off to obtain a laminated glass.
- Example 2 to 20 Except that the types and contents of the polyvinyl acetal resin, the types and contents of the plasticizer, and the thicknesses of the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer are set as shown in Tables 2 and 3 below. Produced an interlayer film and a laminated glass in the same manner as in Example 1.
- composition X for forming the first layer Polyvinyl acetal resin (polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) average polymerization degree 1700, hydroxyl group content 31.0 mol%, acetylation degree 1.0 mol%, butyralization degree 68.0 mol%) 100 parts by weight and 40 parts by weight of triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate (3GO) as a plasticizer were mixed to obtain a composition X for forming the first layer.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- 3GO triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate
- the mixture of magnesium acetate and magnesium 2-ethylbutyrate was adjusted so that the concentration of magnesium element in the second layer and the third layer was 65 ppm.
- Polyvinyl acetal resin (polyvinyl butyral (PVB) resin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) average polymerization degree 1700, hydroxyl group content 31.0 mol%, acetylation degree 1.0 mol%, butyralization degree 68.0 mol%) 100 parts by weight and the total amount of the plasticizer solution were mixed to obtain a composition Y for forming the second layer and the third layer.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- Preparation of interlayer film By co-extruding the composition X for forming the first layer and the composition Y for forming the second layer and the third layer using a co-extruder, the second layer An intermediate film (thickness 580 ⁇ m) having a laminated structure of (thickness 100 ⁇ m) / first layer (thickness 380 ⁇ m) / third layer (thickness 100 ⁇ m) was produced.
- the intermediate film is cut at the shortest distance X between one end and the other end in the direction perpendicular to the extrusion direction of the intermediate film (width direction), 0.1X from one end, 0.5X from one end (from the other end) 0.5X) and 0.9X from one end (0.1X from the other end), the thickness of the first layer, the thickness of the second layer, and the thickness of the third layer were measured, respectively.
- the average values of the thickness of the first layer, the thickness of the second layer, and the thickness of the third layer are as follows: the thickness of the first layer is 380 ⁇ m, the thickness of the second layer is 100 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the third layer is It was 100 ⁇ m.
- the thickness was measured by placing a cut intermediate film on the LED illuminator cubic 300 and observing the cut portion with an optical microscope ("Digital Microscope VHX-100" manufactured by KEYENCE).
- Laminated glass production A laminated glass was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the obtained interlayer film was used.
- the central part portion of length 150 mm ⁇ width 150 mm
- the central part was hit with a hammer having a head of 0.45 kg and crushed until the particle size of the glass became 6 mm or less, and the degree of exposure of the film after partial peeling of the glass ( Area%) and is defined in Table 1. That is, the higher the Pummel value, the higher the adhesion between the interlayer film and the glass, and the better the glass scattering prevention property.
- the head foam test was performed using a head foam (mass: 10 ⁇ 0.2 kg) and a supporting frame for fixing a laminated glass sample in accordance with JIS R3212: 1998.
- the resulting laminated glass was stored at a temperature of 23 ⁇ 2 ° C. for at least 4 hours until just before the test.
- the test was performed by dropping the headform from a height of 4 m on each of four laminated glasses.
- the drop point was within 40 mm from the geometric center of the laminated glass.
- the laminated glass was observed about the following four items about the state after dropping. 1) A large number of circular cracks centered on the drop point are generated, and the crack closest to the drop point is within 80 mm from the drop point. 2)
- the glass and the interlayer film are bonded.
- the headform was determined according to the following criteria.
Landscapes
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
上記第1の層は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)と記載することがある)を含む。上記第2の層は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)と記載することがある)を含む。上記第3の層は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)と上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)とは、同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよい。上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)及び上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)はそれぞれ、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記第1の層は可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(1)と記載することがある)を含む。上記第2の層は可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(2)と記載することがある)を含む。上記第3の層は可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤との併用により、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含む層の合わせガラス部材又は他の層に対する接着力が適度に高くなる。上記可塑剤は特に限定されない。上記可塑剤(1)と上記可塑剤(2)と上記可塑剤(3)とは同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよい。上記可塑剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記第1の層、上記第2の層及び上記第3の層はそれぞれ、必要に応じて酸化防止剤、紫外線遮蔽剤、光安定剤、難燃剤、帯電防止剤、顔料、染料、接着力調整剤、耐湿剤、蛍光増白剤及び赤外線吸収剤等の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。これらの添加剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
本発明に係る合わせガラス用中間膜の厚みは特に限定されない。実用面の観点、並びに遮熱性を充分に高める観点からは、中間膜の厚みは、好ましくは0.1mm以上、より好ましくは0.25mm以上、好ましくは3mm以下、より好ましくは1.5mm以下である。中間膜の厚みが上記下限以上であると、合わせガラスの耐貫通性が高くなる。中間膜の厚みが上記上限以下であると、中間膜の透明性がより一層良好になる。
図2に、本発明の一実施形態に係る合わせガラス用中間膜を用いた合わせガラスの一例を模式的に断面図で示す。
第1の層を形成するための組成物Xの作製:
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(ポリビニルブチラール(PVB)樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)の平均重合度1700、水酸基の含有率32.6モル%、アセチル化度0.7モル%、ブチラール化度66.7モル%)100重量部と、可塑剤であるトリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)30重量部とを混合し、第1の層を形成するための組成物Xを得た。
可塑剤であるトリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)40重量部に、酢酸マグネシウムと2-エチル酪酸マグネシウムとの混合物(酢酸マグネシウムの混合比:2-エチル酪酸マグネシウムとの混合比=50重量%:50重量%)を添加し、混合し、可塑剤溶液とした。なお、酢酸マグネシウムと2-エチル酪酸マグネシウムとの混合物は、第2の層及び第3の層中のマグネシウム元素の濃度が50ppmとなるように調整した。
第1の層を形成するための組成物Xと、第2の層及び第3の層を形成するための組成物Yとを、共押出機を用いて共押出しすることにより、第2の層(厚み100μm)/第1の層(厚み380μm)/第3の層(厚み100μm)の積層構造を有する中間膜(厚み580μm)を作製した。
得られた中間膜(多層)を、縦35cm×横35cmに切り出した。次に、2枚のクリアガラス(縦30cm×横30cm×厚み2.5mm)の間に中間膜を挟み込み、真空ラミネーターにて90℃で30分間保持し、真空プレスし、積層体を得た。積層体において、ガラスからはみ出た中間膜部分を切り落とし、合わせガラスを得た。
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の種類及び含有量、可塑剤の種類及び含有量、並びに第1の層,第2の層及び第3の層の各厚みを下記の表2,3に示すように設定したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、中間膜及び合わせガラスを作製した。
第1の層を形成するための組成物Xの作製:
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(ポリビニルブチラール(PVB)樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)の平均重合度1700、水酸基の含有率31.0モル%、アセチル化度1.0モル%、ブチラール化度68.0モル%)100重量部と、可塑剤であるトリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)40重量部とを混合し、第1の層を形成するための組成物Xを得た。
可塑剤であるトリエチレングリコールジ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)40重量部に、酢酸マグネシウムと2-エチル酪酸マグネシウムとの混合物(酢酸マグネシウムの混合比:2-エチル酪酸マグネシウムとの混合比=50重量%:50重量%)を添加し、混合し、可塑剤溶液とした。なお、酢酸マグネシウムと2-エチル酪酸マグネシウムとの混合物は、第2の層及び第3の層中のマグネシウム元素の濃度が65ppmとなるように調整した。
第1の層を形成するための組成物Xと、第2の層及び第3の層を形成するための組成物Yとを、共押出機を用いて共押出しすることにより、第2の層(厚み100μm)/第1の層(厚み380μm)/第3の層(厚み100μm)の積層構造を有する中間膜(厚み580μm)を作製した。
また、得られた中間膜の押出方向とは垂直方向(幅方向)における一端と他端との最短距離Xで中間膜を切断し、一端から0.1X、一端から0.5X(他端から0.5X)、及び、一端から0.9X(他端から0.1X)において、それぞれ第1の層の厚み、第2の層の厚み及び第3の層の厚みを測定した。第1の層の厚み、第2の層の厚み及び第3の層の厚みの平均値は、第1の層の厚みが380μm、第2の層の厚みが100μm、第3の層の厚みが100μmであった。なお、厚みの測定は、LED照明器キュービック300の上に切断された中間膜を置き、切断された部分を光学顕微鏡(KEYENCE社製「デジタルマイクロスコープVHX-100」)で観察し、測定した。
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の種類及び含有量、可塑剤の種類及び含有量、並びに第1の層,第2の層及び第3の層の各厚みを下記の表4に示すように設定したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、中間膜及び合わせガラスを作製した。
得られた中間膜を用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、合わせガラスを作製した。
(1)合わせガラスのパンメル値の測定
得られた合わせガラスを-18℃±0.6℃の温度にて16時間調整し、この合わせガラスの中央部(縦150mm×横150mmの部分)を頭部が0.45kgのハンマーで打って、ガラスの粒径が6mm以下になるまで粉砕し、ガラスが部分剥離した後の膜の露出度を測定し、下記表1によりパンメル値を求めた。なお、パンメル値とは、合わせガラス用中間膜とガラス板との接着力の度合いを調べる値であり、合わせガラスを-18℃±0.6℃の温度にて16時間調整し、この合わせガラスの中央部(縦150mm×横150mmの部分)を頭部が0.45kgのハンマーで打って、ガラスの粒径が6mm以下になるまで粉砕し、ガラスが部分剥離した後の膜の露出度(面積%)により規定した値であり、表1で定義される。すなわち、パンメル値が高いほど、中間膜とガラスとの接着力が高く、ガラスの飛散防止性が優れていることを意味する。
得られた合わせガラス(縦30cm×横30cm)を、表面温度が23℃となるように調整した。次いで、JIS R3212:1998に準拠して、4mの高さから、6枚の合わせガラスに対してそれぞれ、質量2260g及び直径82mmの剛球を、合わせガラスの中心部分に落下させた。6枚の合わせガラス全てについて、剛球が衝突した後5秒以内に剛球が貫通しなかった場合を合格とした。剛球が衝突した後5秒以内に剛球が貫通しなかった合わせガラスが3枚以下であった場合は不合格とした。4枚の場合には、新しく6枚の合わせガラスの耐貫通性を評価した。5枚の場合には、新しく1枚の合わせガラスを追加試験し、剛球が衝突した後5秒以内に剛球が貫通しなかった場合を合格とした。同様の方法で、4.5m、5.0m、5.5m、及び6.0mの高さから、6枚の合わせガラスに対してそれぞれ、質量2260g及び直径82mmの剛球を、合わせガラスの中心部分に落下させ、合わせガラスの耐貫通性を評価した。
合わせガラスの作製:
得られた中間膜(多層)を、縦1100mm×横500mmに切り出した。次に、2枚のクリアガラス(縦1100mm×横500mm×厚み2.5mm)の間に中間膜を挟み込み、真空ラミネーターにて90℃で30分間保持し、真空プレスし、積層体を得た。積層体において、ガラスからはみ出た中間膜部分を切り落とし、ヘッドフォームの評価用合わせガラスを得た。
○○:4枚中3枚以上が1)~4)の項目を満たす
○:4枚中2枚が1)~4)の項目を満たす
△:4枚中1枚が1)~4)の項目を満たす
×:4枚中1枚も1)~4)の項目を満たさない
1a…第1の表面
1b…第2の表面
2…第1の層
2a…第1の表面
2b…第2の表面
3…第2の層
3a…外側の表面
4…第3の層
4a…外側の表面
11…合わせガラス
21…第1の合わせガラス部材
22…第2の合わせガラス部材
Claims (15)
- ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含む第1の層と、
前記第1の層の第1の表面側に配置されており、かつポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含む第2の層とを備え、
前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が、前記第2の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率よりも高く、
前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記第1の層に含まれる前記可塑剤の含有量が、前記第2の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記第2の層に含まれる前記可塑剤の含有量よりも少ない、合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層の前記第1の表面とは反対の第2の表面側に配置されており、かつポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含む第3の層を備え、
前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が、前記第2の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率よりも高く、
前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記第1の層に含まれる前記可塑剤の含有量が、前記第3の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記第3の層に含まれる前記可塑剤の含有量よりも少ない、請求項1に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が、32モル%以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 合わせガラス用中間膜の厚みは700μm以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と、前記第2の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差の絶対値が、2モル%以上である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と、前記第2の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差の絶対値が、3モル%を超える、請求項5に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率は34モル%を超える、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率は33.9モル%以下である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂はポリビニルブチラール樹脂であり、前記ポリビニルブチラール樹脂のブチラール化度は61.5モル%以上である、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率と、前記第2の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率との差の絶対値が、4.8モル%以下である、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記第1の層に含まれる前記可塑剤の含有量と、前記第2の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記第2の層に含まれる前記可塑剤の含有量との差の絶対値が、2重量部以上である、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記第1の層に含まれる前記可塑剤の含有量と、前記第2の層に含まれる前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対する前記第2の層に含まれる前記可塑剤の含有量との差の絶対値が、8.1重量部以上である、請求項11に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 合わせガラス用中間膜の厚みをTとしたときに、前記第1の層の厚みが0.14T以上である、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 合わせガラス用中間膜の厚みが700μm以下であり、前記第1の層の厚みは前記第2の層の厚みよりも薄い、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 第1の合わせガラス部材と、
第2の合わせガラス部材と、
請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜とを備え、
前記第1の合わせガラス部材と前記第2の合わせガラス部材との間に、前記合わせガラス用中間膜が配置されている、合わせガラス。
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US15/025,818 US20160243797A1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | Intermediate film for laminated glass, and laminated glass |
JP2014549240A JP6522945B2 (ja) | 2013-09-30 | 2014-09-30 | 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス |
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JP2017065999A (ja) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-06 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス用中間膜の製造方法及び合わせガラス |
KR20200118019A (ko) * | 2018-02-02 | 2020-10-14 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | 접합 유리용 중간막 및 접합 유리 |
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CN106132892B (zh) | 2014-03-31 | 2020-03-17 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | 夹层玻璃用中间膜、夹层玻璃用中间膜的制造方法及夹层玻璃 |
US10438575B2 (en) | 2017-11-20 | 2019-10-08 | Chang Chun Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Multilayer film, interlayer film comprising the multilayer film and laminated glass and sound-insulating glass laminate comprising the interlayer film |
WO2019131948A1 (ja) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-04 | 株式会社クラレ | 回路付きフィルム |
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