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WO2015043519A1 - 制冷剂循环系统 - Google Patents

制冷剂循环系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015043519A1
WO2015043519A1 PCT/CN2014/087660 CN2014087660W WO2015043519A1 WO 2015043519 A1 WO2015043519 A1 WO 2015043519A1 CN 2014087660 W CN2014087660 W CN 2014087660W WO 2015043519 A1 WO2015043519 A1 WO 2015043519A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
expansion valve
electronic expansion
signal
processing module
central processing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/087660
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜骁骏
姜益兵
但金国
张荣荣
Original Assignee
杭州三花研究院有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 杭州三花研究院有限公司 filed Critical 杭州三花研究院有限公司
Priority to US15/024,430 priority Critical patent/US10286752B2/en
Priority to EP14847489.3A priority patent/EP3051234B1/en
Priority to JP2016517328A priority patent/JP6283739B2/ja
Publication of WO2015043519A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015043519A1/zh
Priority to HK16110678.0A priority patent/HK1222706A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3205—Control means therefor
    • B60H1/3211—Control means therefor for increasing the efficiency of a vehicle refrigeration cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/31—Expansion valves
    • F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
    • F25B41/35—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators by rotary motors, e.g. by stepping motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
    • G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3236—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained
    • B60H2001/3267—Cooling devices information from a variable is obtained related to the operation of an expansion valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3269—Cooling devices output of a control signal
    • B60H2001/3276—Cooling devices output of a control signal related to a condensing unit
    • B60H2001/3279—Cooling devices output of a control signal related to a condensing unit to control the refrigerant flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigerant circulation system, and in particular to a refrigerant circulation system in which an electronic expansion valve is provided.
  • the electronic expansion valve As a new type of throttling element, electronic expansion valve has been widely used in the field of household air conditioning.
  • the electronic expansion valve can flexibly change the refrigerant flow rate of the air conditioning system according to the requirements of the system, and realize the effective control of the superheat degree, thereby improving the system performance.
  • the electronic expansion valve is a mechanism that adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant by controlling the movement of the spool by the stepping motor and adjusting the size of the valve port by controlling the opening degree of the needle valve.
  • the controller regularly supplies a voltage pulse sequence to the coil of the stepping motor in the electronic expansion valve, so that the coils of the phase motors are energized and not energized according to a certain rule, and the coil stator is regularly controlled.
  • the change of the magnetic force of each claw stage controls the rotation of the rotor, and the rotation of the rotor drives the valve needle to move up and down to achieve the purpose of flow regulation.
  • a non-mobile air conditioning system such as a home air conditioning system
  • the environment in which the air conditioning system is located is relatively stable, and the electronic expansion valve performs flow regulation at a fixed speed.
  • a refrigerant circulation system includes a control system and an electronic expansion valve, and the control system includes a central processing module and a stepping drive control module.
  • the central processing module is configured to receive and parse system control information, send the parsed control signal for the electronic expansion valve to the step drive control module, record or store the current opening information of the electronic expansion valve, or receive Input signal and or sensor signal, operation to generate a control signal to the electronic expansion valve, send the generated control signal for the electronic expansion valve to the step drive control module, record or store the opening information of the current electronic expansion valve;
  • the step driving control module is configured to receive a control signal sent by the central processing module for controlling the electronic expansion valve, and provide the center for the coil of the electronic expansion valve a current sent by the processing module that satisfies a control signal for electronic expansion valve control;
  • the stepping driving control module is configured to receive a control signal sent by the central processing module for controlling the electronic expansion valve, and control the flow through the electronic expansion valve coil through the driving module
  • the current change satisfies the requirement of the control signal sent by the central processing module for the electronic expansion valve control; the driving module supplies current to the coil of the electronic expansion valve according to the signal requirement of the step driving control module;
  • the operation of the electronic expansion valve in the refrigerant circulation system includes an initial operation phase and a flow adjustment operation phase, and the maximum operation speed of the electronic expansion valve during the flow adjustment operation is less than or equal to the maximum action of the action during the initial operation.
  • Speed, the minimum operating speed during flow adjustment operation is less than the minimum operating speed for initial operation.
  • the operating speed of the electronic expansion valve of the present invention can be adjusted according to working conditions, for example, the air conditioning system is operated faster when the electronic expansion valve is initialized, and enters the air conditioning operation as soon as possible. Moreover, in the normal adjustment, the operating speed of the electronic expansion valve is changed with the working condition, thereby ensuring that the system can quickly enter the operating condition while ensuring relatively stable operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of signal connections in a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of signal connections in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a distribution of signals in a LIN frame response segment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection manner of a central processing module or a related pin of a car air conditioning center processing module and a step driving control module;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another connection manner of a central processing module or a related pin of a car air conditioning center processing module and a step driving control module;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a central processing module
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram showing the connection of an embodiment of a step drive control module and a drive module
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of the central processing module receiving the LIN signal
  • step S90 in FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of step S90 in FIG. 8.
  • step S80 in FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of another embodiment of step S80 in FIG. 8;
  • SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the current waveforms in the A and B two-phase coils when the microstep value setting data segment is 1/4 microstep.
  • FIG. 1 the figure is schematically shown with a local interconnection network (Local Interconnect Network, LIN)
  • LIN Local Interconnect Network
  • EXV electronic expansion valve
  • the control system includes an electronic control portion 23 and a mechanical portion.
  • the electronic control unit 23 includes a LIN transceiver module 25, a central processing module 26, a step drive control module 27, and a drive module 28.
  • the electronic control section 23 is connected to the LIN bus 24 via a LIN line.
  • the stepping drive control module 27 controls the switch tube in the drive module 28 to be regularly turned off and on, so that the current flows through the EX phase A phase coil 29 and the B phase coil 39 according to a predetermined law to realize the action on the electronic expansion valve.
  • the control drive is also driven; the step drive control module 27 also receives information on the A phase current value and the B phase current value.
  • the LIN transceiver module 25 receives a frame on the LIN bus through the LIN line, converts the voltage level of the digital signal constituting the frame, and transmits it to the central processing module 26, and receives and converts the signal sent by the central processing module 26. And transfer.
  • the central processing module 26 parses the meaning of the frame, sends the parsed control signal for the electronic expansion valve to the step drive control module 27, and receives and returns the feedback signal, record or storage returned by the step drive control module 27. Current opening information of the electronic expansion valve.
  • the central processing module 26 may first determine a frame identifier in a frame header.
  • the central processing module 26 Further receiving a frame response and parsing a signal therein or parsing a signal of a frame response segment of the received frame information. If the analysis result is that the electronic expansion valve is required to be adjusted from the current opening degree to a new opening degree, the central processing module 26 calculates the step size value and the driving direction of the motor according to the current opening degree and the new opening degree information (ie, rotation). The direction information is supplied to the step drive control module 27 by the step amount information and the motor drive direction information.
  • the step driving control module 27 controls the driving module 28 to make the current flowing through the A phase coil and the B phase coil satisfy the step magnitude and the motor. Drive direction requirements.
  • the currents of the A-phase coil and the B-phase coil are fed back to the step-drive control module 27 in real time for monitoring the current value in the coil to realize stepping drive.
  • the control module 27 controls the switching of the switching tubes in the drive module 28.
  • the central processing module 26 includes a timer (TIMER) module central processing module to calculate a timing value of the set timer. After the timing value is reached, the central processing module output level signal is supplied to the stepping drive control module 27, thereby implementing the step. Control of the speed of the motor.
  • the calculation of the central processing module 26 may be first performed in the central processing module by simulation or experiment, and after performing the relevant signal, the operation may be performed or the corresponding value may be directly obtained through the solidified table.
  • the step driving control module 27 and the driving module 28 of the electronic control part in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 can be integrated in an integrated circuit (IC), that is, the driving module 28 is not separately provided, for example, using Onsemi's NCV70501. Chip or Allegro's A4980 chip or other integrated stepper motor driver integrated chip; LIN transceiver module 25 and central processing module 26 can each be a separate integrated circuit, such as LIN transceiver module can be NXP's 1028 integration
  • the chip, the central processing module can be an 8-bit microcontroller, such as Freescale's HCS08 series microcontroller.
  • the above four modules can also be integrated in an integrated circuit, such as Elmos's E523 integrated chip.
  • the electronic control unit 23 communicates with the LIN bus through the LIN line.
  • the signal connection can also be performed by other means, as shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 2 is based on the present embodiment.
  • the automotive air conditioning control device 30 is the center of the entire automotive air conditioning control. In addition to the electronic control portion 36 for the EXV control, it also includes various modules related to the implementation of the automotive air conditioning control, and only the present invention is schematically illustrated herein. part.
  • the automotive air conditioning control device 30 further includes an input processor 31, a car air conditioning center processing module 32, a driver 34, and a communication interface 38.
  • the automobile air conditioning center processing module 32 serves as a central processing module of the refrigerant circulation system.
  • the input processor 31 is configured to receive various switch control signals input from an air conditioning control panel (not shown), and is also configured to receive signals detected by various sensors disposed in the air conditioning system pipeline, such as various temperatures The refrigerant or air temperature value detected by the sensor, such as the pressure value of the refrigerant detected by each pressure sensor, and the like.
  • the input processor 31 processes or converts the input various switching signals and sensor signals, such as filtering or level shifting, and outputs the processed or converted signals to the automotive air conditioning center processing module 32.
  • the communication interface 38 is configured to receive signals from other modules on the vehicle, such as an engine speed signal, a fan speed signal, a fast turn-off EXV signal, a fast full-open EXV signal, etc.; the interface may be a controller area network (Controller Area Network, CAN) interface.
  • the interface may be a controller area network (Controller Area Network, CAN) interface.
  • the automobile air conditioning center processing module 32 performs operation according to the switch control signal and the sensor signal input by the input processor 31 and the signal input through the communication interface 38, and combines the control program and information stored in the memory to obtain a control signal. It is used to control various controlled units in the automobile air conditioning system, such as the electronic control portion 36 for controlling the EXV, the driver 34 for driving the fan, the damper, and the like.
  • the electronic control portion 36 includes a step drive control module 27 and a drive module 28.
  • the stepping drive control module 27 receives the step quantity information and the motor driving direction information of the control electronic expansion valve issued by the automobile air conditioning center processing module 32, and then controls the driving module 28 to flow through the electronic expansion valve A phase coil 29 and The current change of the B-phase coil 39 satisfies the requirements of the step magnitude and the motor driving direction, and the same
  • the current values of the A-phase coil 29 and the B-phase coil 39 are transmitted to the automotive air-conditioning center processing module 32 via the step-drive control module 27; the automotive air-conditioning center processing module calculates the timing value of the timer in the processing center processing module, and the timing value is after
  • the central processing module output level signal is supplied to the step drive control module 27, thereby implementing control of the operating speed of the stepping motor.
  • This embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 in that the electronic control portion that controls the EXV is integrated into the automotive air conditioning control unit 30 to become part of the device, so that on the one hand, the LIN transceiver module is not required. It is also not necessary to specifically configure a separate central processing module for the EXV, and the automotive air conditioning center processing module 32 in the automotive air conditioning control device 30 can be shared with other modules.
  • the car air conditioning center processing module 32 calculates the need to provide the stepping according to the current opening information of the EXV stored in the memory according to the switch control signal and the sensor signal input by the input processor 31 and the signal input through the communication interface 38.
  • the step amount information of the control module 27 and the driving direction (ie, the direction of rotation) of the motor are driven, and the step amount information and the motor driving direction information are supplied to the step driving control module 27.
  • the control of the drive module 28 after the step drive control module 27 receives the step magnitude and the motor drive direction information is the same as the above embodiment.
  • the electronic control unit 36 can be integrated in an integrated circuit, such as Onsemi's NCV70501 chip or Allegro's A4980 chip or other stepper motor drive integrated chip; the automotive air conditioning center processing module can be a 16-bit microcontroller, such as the freescale MC9S12G series Single chip microcomputer.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a distribution of LIN command frame response segments when the correlation signal is sent to the central processing module 26 in the first embodiment.
  • bit 0 of the first byte in the LIN command frame is a fast turn-off signal.
  • the master node controlling the EXV asserts the signal and sends it to the control system via the LIN bus to control the EXV to implement a fast shutdown action; in addition, it can also be passed by the LIN transceiver module.
  • the LIN bus reads the signal.
  • First byte Bit1 is a fast full-on signal.
  • the master node controlling the EXV asserts the signal and sends it to the control system via the LIN bus to control the EXV to implement a fast full-open action.
  • the LIN transceiver module can also read signals through the LIN bus.
  • Bit 2 of the first byte is the initialization signal.
  • the entire byte of the second byte and the first 2 bits of the third byte together form a target opening signal, which may be a total of 10 bits.
  • the value in the target opening degree signal may be the EXV target step position; or may be the percentage of the EXV target opening position relative to the maximum opening position, such as 1023 (10 bits are all 1) indicating 100% opening.
  • the upper 6-bit bit of the third byte may be a speed level signal, and if the speed level signal is represented by 6 bits, it may represent up to 64 speed levels.
  • the "quick turn-off signal" and the “fast full-on signal” may not be defined, and may be represented by a combination of a "target opening signal” and a "speed signal”, such as when the received target is opened.
  • the degree signal is 0, and the "speed signal” is the maximum value, then the EXV performs a fast full-off action; when the received "target opening signal” is 100% and the "speed signal” is the maximum value, the EXV performs fast. Fully open action.
  • the automotive air conditioning center processing module does not involve the transmission and reception of the LIN signal, and the fast turn-off signal and the fast full-on signal can be input through the communication interface 38 as a CAN signal.
  • the automotive air conditioning center processing module 32 can be calculated according to the input signals input to the processor 31 and the communication interface 38 and run through the program of the curing setting, so there is no need to specifically define the three signals. .
  • the speed level signal may not be defined in the signal frame, but is obtained by the central processing module 26 according to the saved current EXV opening degree information and the received EXV target opening degree information, such as Different motor running speeds are determined according to the calculation results.
  • Figure 4 shows the central processing module (or automotive air conditioning center processing module) and the stepper drive control module.
  • the pin (Pin) interconnected by the step drive control module 27 and the central processing module has a step (STEP) pin and a direction (DIR) pin, wherein the step (STEP) pin communicates with the pin PA0 of the central processing module, and the direction ( The DIR) pin is connected to the pin PA1 of the central processing module, receives the step amount information through the step (STEP) pin, and receives the action direction signal of the electronic expansion valve through the direction (DIR) pin.
  • the central processing module outputs voltage signals to the STEP pin and the DIR pin through pin PA0 and pin PA1, respectively.
  • the step drive control module controls the drive module to change the current flowing through the coil, thereby controlling the motor action of the electronic expansion valve.
  • the single step amount refers to the stepping amount of the motor movement once, and the maximum is no more than one full step. That is, when the STEP signal is used to drive the motor to operate, the STEP signal is effectively changed every time, and the motor will operate in a single step.
  • each single step value can be set and adjusted, not necessarily a whole step determined by the structure of the motor itself, but can be 1/2 full step, 1/4 full step, 1/8 Full step, 1/16 full step and other microstep values.
  • a single step value can use a small micro-step value or a full step value, and when a fast action is required, a single step value can take a larger micro-step value or a full step. .
  • the size of the single step of the motor rotation of the electronic expansion valve is achieved by setting a single step amount on the chip and outputting the phase relationship of the current values for the two-phase coil by the step drive module.
  • the single step amount can be either a full step or a micro step method, that is, the size of the single step amount depends on the motor running micro step value set in the step drive control module.
  • the microstep mode value is written by the central processing module to the step drive control module register (eg, configuration register 0) via the SPI. In this mode, the motor only rotates when the voltage on the STEP pin switches and the direction is valid.
  • the speed of the motor can be controlled by controlling the switching period of the voltage on the STEP pin to control the motor to move a single step amount.
  • the motor rotation speed can be controlled by changing the timing time. For example, it can be obtained by a central processing module through a program table or an operation formula solidified in the central processing module, and then the timer is controlled to work.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing another connection manner of the center processing module (or the automobile air conditioning center processing module) and the related pins of the step driving control module 27.
  • the step drive control module 27 and the central processing module are interconnected through an SPI interface.
  • Pins are: SDI (slave data input) pin, SDO (slave data output) pin, SCK (clock) pin, STRn (chip select)
  • the pins are respectively connected to the pins PB2, PB3, PB1, PB0 of the central processing module.
  • the single step value of the motor is the product of the set microstep and the “microstep number of this microstep”, and the maximum is no more than one full step.
  • the microstep mode is set to 1/N full step.
  • the number of microsteps is n
  • the single step value of the motor is equal to n/N, where n and N are integers, 1 ⁇ n ⁇ N
  • the adjustment of the operating speed of the electronic expansion valve is achieved by controlling the single step magnitude of the electronic expansion valve.
  • the adjustment of the operating speed of the electronic expansion valve can be achieved by controlling the operating frequency of a single step or the single step value. If the microstep mode is set to 1/16 full step, the number of microsteps is n, and the single step value of the motor is equal to n/16, where 1 ⁇ n ⁇ 16.
  • the stepping drive control module 27 receives the microstep value setting data segment and the current microstep number segment through the SPI port and sends it to the stepping driving control center 270.
  • the stepping driving control center 270 controls the driving module 28 to provide the coil to the coil.
  • the medium current waveform changes according to the requirements of the microstep value data segment and the current microstep number segment.
  • the micro step value setting data segment determines the minimum value of the motor single step amount. If the 1/4 micro step is selected, the motor is single time. The minimum amount of step is 1/4 full step. It is also possible to adjust the operating speed of the electronic expansion valve by changing the motor running microstep value set in the stepping drive control module. When fine adjustment is required, a smaller microstep setting value is used; Use a larger microstep setting.
  • the number of microsteps determines how many microsteps the motor will move this time, and together with the microstep value setting data segment, determines the single stepping amount of the motor. If the microstep value setting data segment specifies N as 1/8 microstep, and the microstep number segment n is 4, the single stepping amount of the motor is 1/2 whole step.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the current waveform of the micro-step value setting data segment set to 1/4 microstep, A and B two-phase coils, from Step(n) to Step(n+1), The motor goes through a whole step.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a central processing module
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a connection between an embodiment of a step driving control module and a driving module.
  • the central processing module 26 includes a serial communication interface (SCI) 262, a timer (TIMER) module 261, a central processing unit (CPU) 260, and a read only memory (ROM) 266.
  • SCI serial communication interface
  • TIMER timer
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • PA port 263, a PB port 264 and an SPI port 265.
  • the PA port 263 and the PB port 264 are general-purpose input/output ports (I/O), and each includes a plurality of general-purpose I/O pins.
  • the SPI port 265 is a general purpose peripheral interface that can be communicated with the SPI interface of the stepper drive control module in the present invention.
  • the SCI interface 262 of the central processing module 26 can be used to communicate with the LIN transceiver module 25.
  • the timer module 261 is used for timing, and when the timing is up, an interrupt signal is generated to the central processor 260.
  • the ROM memory 266 and the RAM memory 267 are used to store programs and data; the central processor 260 performs arithmetic logic calculations based on programs and data stored in the ROM and RAM to control the respective modules.
  • the central processing module 26 receives the initialization signal through the SCI interface 262, the corresponding motor speed is calculated by the program, and then the timer module 261 is given a corresponding timing value according to the speed, and the timer runs. After that, when the time value is given, the interrupt signal is generated, and the program enters the corresponding interrupt program.
  • the step drive control module 27 includes a step drive control center 270, a STEP port and a DIR port 272, and an SPI port 271.
  • the driving module 28 includes two H-bridges 281 composed of four switching tubes that respectively drive the A-phase coil 29 and the B-phase coil 39 of the electronic expansion valve.
  • the step drive control module 27 measures the current flowing through the coil by measuring the voltage across the current sampling resistors Rsa and Rsb through the current sampling resistors Rsa and Rsb.
  • the driving module 28 is controlled to make the stream
  • the current change through the A-phase coil and the B-phase coil satisfies the requirements of the step magnitude and the motor drive direction.
  • the currents of phase A and phase B are respectively fed back to the step drive control module 27 in real time for monitoring the current value in the coil to implement the step drive control module 27 to the drive module 28 Switch control of the switch.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of the control system in the first embodiment of the present invention after receiving the LIN signal
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the step S80 of FIG.
  • the operation of the electronic expansion valve may include rapid shutdown, rapid full-opening, initial operation, and flow regulation operation.
  • the electronic expansion valve when the control system receives the fast shutdown signal and resolves to be effective, the electronic expansion valve is controlled to perform shutdown at the highest operating speed; When the control system receives the fast full open operation signal and resolves to be valid, the electronic expansion valve is controlled to perform full opening at the highest operating speed; and when the air conditioning system is just turned on or off, the initial operation is performed.
  • the initial operation of the electronic expansion valve refers to a process of confirming the full opening degree, for example, from the current opening degree to the opening degree of 100% and then to the opening degree 0 and then to the default opening position.
  • the car air conditioning system can control the EXV to perform initialization when the ignition switch is on (Ignition on) or the ignition switch is off (Ignition off) or the air conditioning system is on or off (A/C off), or it can be considered in the car air conditioning system to require the EXV to execute the command. Execute when (if the EXV is considered to be faulty). Since the purpose of the initial operation is to perform a self-test to confirm that the entire opening range is available, and no flow adjustment is involved, it is possible to use a different operating speed than the flow adjustment. Because the initialization process is long and runs at a higher speed than the flow adjustment, the initialization process can be accelerated.
  • the processor in the control system such as the central processing module
  • receives the initialization signal and resolves to the bit being valid the corresponding speed control EXV is selected for the initialization action.
  • the speed of the initialization action may be preset in the central processing module, or may be calculated by the central processing module after receiving the signal. If the initialization signal is not defined, it is also possible to determine whether or not to initialize by determining the range of values in the target opening signal. For example, when the flow adjustment is made, the target opening signal value ranges from 10% to 90%.
  • the EXV receives the signal value as 0 or 100% opening, it operates according to the initialization speed.
  • the flow adjustment of the EXV is performed to the specified target opening position according to the target opening signal requirement.
  • the EXV controls the stepper motor action based on the analysis of the target opening signal and the speed signal.
  • the control operation process of the control system includes the following steps:
  • the central processing module of the control system receives the LIN signal frame header
  • the control system determines whether the received LIN signal frame header is for EXV control; if yes, go to S30; if not, go to S300;
  • the central processing module of the control system receives the data segment of the LIN signal.
  • S50 determining whether the received signal needs to be EXV for rapid full opening, if yes, go to S90; if not, go to S60; S60, determine whether the received signal needs to be initialized, if yes, go to S100; if not, go to S70 ;
  • S90 controlling the EXV to perform a fast full-opening action
  • S100 controlling the EXV to perform an initializing action at a faster moving speed
  • the LIN signal may also be received together, and then the subsequent judgment execution is performed.
  • the action of the fully open portion initialized in the above step S80 may include the following substeps:
  • the action of the fully closed portion initialized in the step S80 can refer to the above sub-steps, but the action direction signal can be reversed.
  • the EXV can reach the fixed opening degree portion, and the following opening degree adjustment portion can be referred to. Explain in detail.
  • the actions of the S90 step in the control flow may include the following substeps:
  • the speed of the EXV can be issued by the car air conditioner controller and controlled by the central processing module. Alternatively, it can be calculated by the central processing module.
  • the central processing module of the automobile air conditioner can determine "EXV for quick shutdown” and “EXV for fast full opening” according to the input signals of the input processor 31 and the communication interface 38 and in combination with its own program. Which action in “EXV execution initialization” and “control EXV to target opening”.
  • the steps of the control flow can refer to the above process schematic.
  • the central processing module 32 can pass the step amount information and the direction information through the manner shown in FIG. 4 or through SPI communication. It is sent to the step drive control module 27.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of one manner of SPI communication between the central processing module 32 and the step drive control module 27.
  • the chip select signal, the clock signal, and the slave data input signal can all be output from the central processing module 32 to the step drive control module.
  • the PB0 output signal of the central processing module 32 causes the chip select pin to change from a high level to a low level (time t1, time t3)
  • the step drive control module 27 is selected by the central processing module 32 as a communication slave device, and a center process is started.
  • SPI communication between module 32 and step drive control module 27 Thereafter, the central processing module outputs a clock signal to the clock pin through PB1, and outputs the data to be sent to the SDI pin through PB2.
  • the stepper drive control module When on the rising edge of the clock (CLK, CLK) signal, the stepper drive control module saves the data on the SDI pin corresponding to the time to the internal shift register. Therefore, by continuously transmitting the CLK signal, the step drive control module can continuously save the data on the SDI pin to the internal shift register.
  • the meaning of the data on the SDI pins can be determined by the stepper drive control module.
  • Figure 11 only illustrates one case of SDI pin data, with a total of 16 bits (the middle 7 bits are not shown). The first two bits are the target register address segment, indicating the destination address of the current data transmission, such as the starting two bits "10" in Figure 11 as the running register address.
  • the third bit is the enable flag, and the step drive control module can control the drive module only when the bit is valid (eg, 1).
  • the last six digits are the number of microsteps.
  • the data in both directions is represented in the form of complements, up to 16.
  • the microstep value setting data segment needs to be written to other running registers before this SPI communication, such as configuration register 0 with address "00".
  • the step drive control module controls the drive module according to the current value in the run register to make the stream
  • the current through the coil changes to control the motor action. That is, the current flowing through the coil changes at time t2 and is maintained until time t4, and the single step of the motor is set by the microstep value.
  • the fixed data segment is determined together with the current microstep number segment. For example, when setting 1/16 microstep operation, the number of microsteps is 000100, which means that the current step value is 4 1/16 microsteps in the original direction, that is, 1/4 whole step; In the time period Tstrn, the current step size is 1/4 full step. For example, if you set 1/16 microstep operation, the number of segments in this single step is 000011, which means that the current step value is 3 1/16 microsteps in the original direction, that is, 3/16 full steps.
  • the operating speed of the motor can be controlled by controlling the length of the time period Tstrn or changing the single step value, that is, the control of the operating speed of the electronic expansion valve can be controlled by controlling the operating frequency and single stepping of the electronic expansion valve.
  • the magnitude of the magnitude is taken.
  • the timer of the central processing module can also be utilized to control the length of the time period Tstrn.
  • the stepping drive control module can be controlled in the manner shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, respectively.
  • EXV In addition to fast turn-off, fast full-on and initialization actions, here are some examples of situations in which EXV may be required to change speed.
  • the air conditioning system senses a sudden increase in superheat, it indicates that the load rises sharply, and the electronic expansion valve needs to be quickly opened to provide the refrigerant.
  • the vehicle is in the process of continuous acceleration, such as switching from ordinary urban working conditions to high-speed working conditions, or switching from the original idle speed or traffic jam to stable urban working conditions.
  • the air conditioning system detects abnormal high pressure, it indicates that the load rises sharply, and the electronic expansion valve needs to be quickly opened to release the pressure to the normal range as soon as possible.
  • the control system wants to control the EXV to use a higher speed for flow regulation.
  • Other situations where it is desirable to control the EXV to use a higher speed for flow regulation may include: cooling and heating switching, startup processes, and shutdown processes.
  • the air conditioning system can also indicate different speeds of the EXV according to the position of the opening position of the EXV. For example, when the opening degree is less than a certain threshold, a lower speed is adopted; when the opening degree is higher than a certain threshold, a higher speed is adopted. These can be set and controlled according to the needs of the system. In addition, the air conditioning system can also indicate different speeds of the EXV according to the different EXV strokes. For example, when a certain stroke range is less than a certain threshold, a lower speed is adopted; when a certain threshold is exceeded, a higher speed is adopted.
  • the above air conditioning system indicates the different speed requirements of the EXV.
  • the speed signal is sent to the EXV through the central processing module; for the second embodiment, the EXV is based on the input processor 31 and the communication interface.
  • the input of 38 is combined with its own program to calculate the speed signal, which can be adjusted as needed.
  • the above embodiment takes a two-phase stepping motor as an example, in addition to the two-phase stepping motor, it may be a multi-phase stepping motor.
  • the invention adjusts the time period corresponding to the single stepping action of the electronic expansion valve by the control of the control system, and the current stepping amount corresponding to the single stepping step is adjustable, so that the action speed of the electronic expansion valve is adjustable, and
  • the electronic expansion valve can be operated at a faster speed during initialization, and the speed at the opening adjustment can be fast or slow, so that the maximum speed during normal adjustment is less than or equal to the maximum speed during the initializing operation, and the minimum speed during normal adjustment is less than The minimum speed at which the action is initialized, so that it can meet the needs of quick start and fast adjustment.
  • the normal operating speed of the electronic expansion valve in the general air conditioning system is 1, it can reach 1-1.5 times or even more than 2 times during rapid operation; the operating speed of the electronic expansion valve is 1.5 times or more during the initializing operation, and normal.
  • the speed can be adjusted between 0.1-1.5 times during adjustment.
  • the speed can be lower in the stable area, the adjustment can be adjusted in the micro-step mode, the speed is between 0.1-0.75 of the normal movement speed, and the movement opening is larger. At this time, the movement speed can be made about 1-1.5 times.
  • the electronic expansion valve operates at a slower speed, and can achieve relatively stable adjustment, so that the system maintains stable operation, which can reduce or avoid the oscillation of the electronic expansion valve during the control process, and achieve the most energy-saving control mode.
  • the speed of the initialization operation may also be fixed, so that the maximum speed and the minimum speed during the initialization operation are equal, even if the maximum speed during normal adjustment is less than or equal to the speed of the initialization operation.
  • the adjustment control method of the present invention is also applicable to other refrigeration cycle systems with electronic expansion valves.
  • the stepping drive control module and the driving module are divided according to functions, and the two may be separately set, or may be set together to put the functions of the driving module together in the stepping driving control module. This is also possible in the chip where it is located.

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Abstract

一种制冷剂循环系统，包括控制系统和电子膨胀阀。控制系统包括中心处理模块（26）、步进驱动控制模块（27）和驱动模块（28）。电子膨胀阀在制冷剂循环系统中的运行包括初始化运行与流量调节运行阶段，其动作速度可调，且在流量调节运行阶段的最大动作速度小于等于在初始化运行阶段时的最大动作速度，在流量调节运行阶段的最小动作速度小于等于在初始化运行阶段时的最小动作速度，从而能实现系统相对稳定及快速的调节，使得系统保持稳定运行。

Description

制冷剂循环系统
本申请要求于2013年9月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201310455110.2、发明名称为“制冷剂循环系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制冷剂循环系统，具体地涉及一种设置了电子膨胀阀的制冷剂循环系统。
背景技术
电子膨胀阀作为一种新型的节流元件已广泛应用在家用空调领域。电子膨胀阀可以根据系统的要求灵活地改变空调系统的制冷剂流量，实现对过热度的有效控制，从而实现系统效能的提高。电子膨胀阀是一种由步进电机驱动阀芯运动、通过对针形阀芯开启度的控制来调整阀口的大小，从而调整制冷剂流量的机构。
在家用空调系统中，控制器有规律地给电子膨胀阀中的步进电机的线圈提供电压脉冲序列，使得步进电机的各相线圈按一定规律通电和不通电，达到有规律地控制线圈定子各个爪级的磁性的变化，进而控制转子的转动，转子的转动带动阀针的上下移动，达到流量调节的目的。在家用空调系统等非移动式空调系统中，空调系统所处环境相对较稳定，电子膨胀阀以固定速度进行流量调节。
车用空调系统等移动式空调系统或其他制冷剂循环系统中，系统系统所处环境复杂多变，需要系统以更为智能灵活的方式来应对环境变化对系统带来的影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于使系统能减少由于电子膨胀阀的动作而产生的振荡且在必要时减少电子膨胀阀动作时间，为此本发明提供以下技术方案：
一种制冷剂循环系统，包括控制系统、电子膨胀阀，所述控制系统包括中心处理模块、步进驱动控制模块，
所述中心处理模块，用于接收并解析系统控制信息、将解析后的针对电子膨胀阀的控制信号发送给步进驱动控制模块、记录或存储电子膨胀阀的当前开度信息；或者用于接收输入信号和或传感器信号、运算产生对电子膨胀阀的控制信号、将产生的针对电子膨胀阀的控制信号发送给步进驱动控制模块、记录或存储当前电子膨胀阀的开度信息；
在所述控制系统中没有单独设置驱动模块时，步进驱动控制模块用于接收所述中心处理模块发送的对电子膨胀阀控制的控制信号，并为所述电子膨胀阀的线圈提供所述中心处理模块发送的满足对电子膨胀阀控制的控制信号要求的电流；
在所述控制系统中设置有驱动模块时，步进驱动控制模块用于接收所述中心处理模块发送的对电子膨胀阀控制的控制信号，并控制通过所述驱动模块使流经电子膨胀阀线圈的电流变化满足所述中心处理模块发送的对电子膨胀阀控制的控制信号的要求；驱动模块根据步进驱动控制模块的信号要求给所述电子膨胀阀的线圈提供电流；
所述电子膨胀阀在所述制冷剂循环系统中的运行包括初始化运行阶段与流量调节运行阶段，且所述电子膨胀阀在流量调节运行时的最大动作速度小于等于在初始化运行时动作的最大动作速度，在流量调节运行时的最小动作速度小于初始化运行时动作的最小动作速度。
与现有技术相比，本发明的电子膨胀阀的动作速度可根据工况要求进行调节，如使空调系统在电子膨胀阀初始化时动作速度较快，尽快进入空调运行工 况，而在正常调节时，使电子膨胀阀的动作速度随工况而改变，从而保证系统能快速进入运行工况的同时，也能保证运行相对稳定。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一实施例中的信号连接示意图；
图2是本发明第二实施例中的信号连接示意图；
图3是信号在LIN帧响应段中的一种分布情况示意图；
图4是中心处理模块或汽车空调中心处理模块与步进驱动控制模块的相关针脚的一种连接方式的示意图；
图5是中心处理模块或汽车空调中心处理模块与步进驱动控制模块的相关针脚的另一种连接方式的示意图；
图6为中心处理模块的一种实施方式的示意框图；
图7为步进驱动控制模块与驱动模块的一实施方式的连接示意框图；
图8为中心处理模块接收到LIN信号后的流程示意图；
图9为图8中步骤S90的一实施方式的流程示意图；
图10为图8中步骤S80的另一实施方式流程示意图；
图11为中心处理模块与步进驱动控制模块之间的一种串行外设接口(Serial Peripheral Interface，SPI)通信的示意图；
图12为微步值设定数据段为1/4微步时，A、B两相线圈内的电流波形示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例进行说明，实施例以汽车空调系统为例，请参图1，根据本发明的第一实施例，该图示意性地给出了与本地互联网络(Local Interconnect Network，LIN)总线连接的用于控制电子膨胀阀(Ectronic expansion valve，EXV)的控制系统的电控部分。
控制系统包括电控部分23与机械部分。电控部分23包括LIN收发模块25、中心处理模块26、步进驱动控制模块27、驱动模块28。电控部分23通过LIN线连接到LIN总线24。其中步进驱动控制模块27控制驱动模块28中的开关管有规律的关断和导通，使得电流按既定规律流经EXV的A相线圈29和B相线圈39来实现对电子膨胀阀的动作的控制驱动；同时步进驱动控制模块27还接收A相电流值和B相电流值的信息。
LIN收发模块25通过LIN线接收LIN总线上的帧(frame)，将组成帧的数字信号的电压电平转换后发送给中心处理模块26、并对中心处理模块26发送过来的信号进行接收、转换和传送。中心处理模块26对帧的含义进行解析、将解析后的针对电子膨胀阀的控制信号发送给步进驱动控制模块27、并接收与传送步进驱动控制模块27传回的反馈信号、记录或存储电子膨胀阀的当前开度信息。在本实施例中，中心处理模块26可以首先对帧头(frame header)中的帧标识符(frame identifier)进行判断，当判断结果为该帧信息为指向EXV的命令帧时，中心处理模块26进一步接收帧响应段(frame response)并解析其中的信号(signal)或解析已经接收的帧信息的帧响应段的信号。如果解析结果为要求电子膨胀阀从当前开度调整到一个新的开度时，中心处理模块26根据当前开度和新的开度信息，计算得到步进量值、电机的驱动方向(即旋转 方向)信息，并把所述步进量信息和电机驱动方向信息、提供给步进驱动控制模块27。步进驱动控制模块27收到所述步进量信息和电机驱动方向信息后，通过控制所述驱动模块28使得流经A相线圈和B相线圈的电流变化满足所述步进量值和电机驱动方向的要求。在电流流经A相线圈和B相线圈的过程中，A相线圈和B相线圈的电流被实时反馈到步进驱动控制模块27，用于对线圈中电流值的监测，以实现步进驱动控制模块27对驱动模块28中开关管的开关控制。所述中心处理模块26包括定时器(TIMER)模块中心处理模块通过计算设定定时器的定时值，定时值到后，中心处理模块输出电平信号提供给步进驱动控制模块27，从而实现步进电机的动作速度的控制。另外，中心处理模块26的计算可以是先通过模拟或实验固化在中心处理模块内，在接收到相关信号后进行运算或直接通过固化的表格得出相应的值等等。
图1所示实施例中电控部分的步进驱动控制模块27、驱动模块28可以集成在一个集成电路(IC)中，即未单独设置驱动模块28，比如采用安森美(Onsemi)公司的NCV70501芯片或Allegro公司的A4980芯片或其他集成步进电机驱动集成芯片；LIN收发模块25和中心处理模块26可以各自是一个单独的集成电路，如LIN收发模块可以是恩智浦(NXP)公司的1028集成芯片，中心处理模块可以是8位单片机，如飞思卡尔(freescale)公司的HCS08系列单片机。另外上述4个模块也可以集成在一个集成电路中，如艾尔默斯(Elmos)公司的E523集成芯片等等。这些控制系统可以设置在空调系统中，也可以固定设置在电子膨胀阀或靠近电子膨胀阀的位置上。
上面介绍的第一实施例中电控部分23是通过LIN线与LIN总线通讯的，其他实施例中也可以通过其他方式进行信号连接，如图2所示，图2是根据本 发明的另一实施例信号连接的示意图。汽车空调控制装置30是整个汽车空调控制的中心，除了包含针对EXV控制的电控部分36外，还包含其他与实施汽车空调控制有关的各种模块，在此仅示意性地说明与本发明相关的部分。本实施例中，汽车空调控制装置30还包括输入处理器31、汽车空调中心处理模块32、驱动器34、通信接口38。这里汽车空调中心处理模块32即作为制冷剂循环系统的中心处理模块。
输入处理器31，用于接收从空调控制面板(图中未示出)上输入的各种开关控制信号，还用于接收空调系统管路中布置的各种传感器检测到的信号，如各个温度传感器检测到的制冷剂或空气温度值，又如各个压力传感器检测到的制冷剂的压力值等等。输入处理器31对输入的各种开关信号和传感器信号进行处理或转换，如进行滤波或电平转换，将处理或转换得到的信号输出给汽车空调中心处理模块32。通信接口38用于接收车上其他模块发出的信号，如发动机转速信号、风机转速信号、快速关断EXV信号、快速全开EXV信号等等；该接口可以是控制器局域网络(Controller Area Network，CAN)接口。
汽车空调中心处理模块32，根据输入处理器31处理后输入的开关控制信号和传感器信号，及经通信接口38输入的信号，结合自身存储器中存储的控制程序及信息进行运算，得出控制信号，以用于控制汽车空调系统中的各个被控单元，如用于控制EXV的电控部分36、驱动风机、风门等模块的驱动器34等等。电控部分36包括步进驱动控制模块27、驱动模块28。步进驱动控制模块27收到汽车空调中心处理模块32发出的控制电子膨胀阀的步进量信息和电机驱动方向信息后，通过控制所述驱动模块28使得流经电子膨胀阀A相线圈29和B相线圈39的电流变化满足所述步进量值和电机驱动方向的要求，同样 A相线圈29和B相线圈39的电流值经步进驱动控制模块27传递到汽车空调中心处理模块32；汽车空调中心处理模块计算设定中心处理模块内定时器的定时值，定时值到后中心处理模块输出电平信号提供给步进驱动控制模块27，从而实现步进电机的动作速度的控制。
该实施例相对于图1所示实施例的不同在于，将控制EXV的电控部分都集成到了汽车空调控制装置30上而成为该装置的一部分，因此一方面不需要LIN收发模块，另一方面也不需要为EXV专门配置一个单独的中心处理模块，可以和其他模块共享汽车空调控制装置30中的汽车空调中心处理模块32。
汽车空调中心处理模块32根据输入处理器31处理后输入的开关控制信号和传感器信号及经通信接口38输入的信号，结合自身存储器中存储的EXV的当前开度信息，计算得到需要提供给步进驱动控制模块27的步进量信息和电机的驱动方向(即旋转方向)信息，并把所述步进量信息和电机驱动方向信息提供给步进驱动控制模块27。步进驱动控制模块27接收到该步进量值和电机驱动方向信息后对驱动模块28的控制与以上实施例相同。电控部分36可以集成在一个集成电路中，如Onsemi公司的NCV70501芯片或Allegro公司的A4980芯片或其他步进电机驱动集成芯片；汽车空调中心处理模块可以是16位单片机，如freescale公司的MC9S12G系列单片机。
图3为第一实施例中相关信号在发给中心处理模块26时LIN命令帧响应段的一种分布情况示意图。其中，LIN命令帧中第一个字节的bit0为快速关断信号。当车辆发生碰撞等紧急状况时，或者当认为必要时，控制EXV的主节点将该信号置为有效并通过LIN总线发送给控制系统从而控制EXV实施快速关闭动作；另外也可以由LIN收发模块通过LIN总线读取信号。第一个字节 的bit1为快速全开信号，当空调系统检测到异常高压时，或者当认为必要时，控制EXV的主节点将该信号置为有效并通过LIN总线发送给控制系统从而控制EXV实施快速全开动作；另外也可以由LIN收发模块通过LIN总线读取信号。第一个字节的bit2为初始化信号。第二个字节整个字节和第三个字节的起始2位共同组成目标开度信号，总共可以为10bit位。该目标开度信号中的值可以是EXV目标步数位置；也可以是以EXV目标开度位置相对最大开度位置的百分比的方式，如1023(10位全为1)表示100％开度。在电子膨胀阀的速度信号也由系统提供的情况下，第三个字节的高6位bit可以为速度等级信号，如利用6位表示速度等级信号的情况下可以代表最多64个速度等级。
本实施例中，当然也可以不定义“快速关断信号”和“快速全开信号”，可以以“目标开度信号”和“速度信号”的结合来表示，比如当收到的“目标开度信号”为0，而“速度信号”为最大值，则EXV进行快速全关动作；当收到的“目标开度信号”为100％，而“速度信号”为最大值，则EXV进行快速全开动作。
对于另一实施例，汽车空调中心处理模块不涉及LIN信号的收发，快速关断信号、快速全开信号可以通过通信接口38以CAN信号的方式输入。对于初始化信号、目标开度信号和速度信号，汽车空调中心处理模块32可以根据输入处理器31和通信接口38的输入信号并通过固化设置的程序运行计算得到，因此不需要专门定义这三个信号。
对于第一实施例中，如上所述也可以是信号帧中没有定义速度等级信号，而通过中心处理模块26根据保存的当前EXV开度信息、接收到的EXV目标开度信息通过运算得到，如根据运算结果确定不同的电机运行速度。
图4为中心处理模块(或汽车空调中心处理模块)与步进驱动控制模块 27的相关针脚的一种连接方式的示意图。步进驱动控制模块27与中心处理模块互连的针脚(Pin)有：步进(STEP)针脚、方向(DIR)针脚，其中步进(STEP)针脚与中心处理模块的针脚PA0连通，方向(DIR)针脚与中心处理模块的针脚PA1连通，通过步进(STEP)针脚接收步进量信息，通过方向(DIR)针脚接收电子膨胀阀的动作方向信号。中心处理模块通过针脚PA0和针脚PA1分别输出电压信号给STEP针脚和DIR针脚。当针脚PA0口输出给STEP针脚的电压发生切换，如从低电平切换为高电平时，步进驱动控制模块控制驱动模块使得流经线圈的电流产生变化，从而控制电子膨胀阀的电机动作。每变化一次，电机就转动一个单次步进量，本说明书中单次步进量是指电机动作一次走的步进量，最大不超过一个整步。即对于用STEP信号驱动电机动作的方式时，STEP信号每一次有效变化，电机会动作单次步进量值。
电机转动方向受DIR针脚的输入信号控制，比如当DIR针脚的输入信号为高电平时，对应电机正转。这里每个单次步进量值是可以设置与调节的，不一定是电机本身结构决定的一个整步，而可以是如1/2个整步、1/4个整步、1/8个整步、1/16个整步等微步值。在系统需要微调时，单次步进量值可以采用较小的微步值或整步值，而在需要快速动作时，单次步进量值可以采用较大的微步值或一个整步。电子膨胀阀的电机转动的单次步进量的大小通过在芯片上设置单次步进量，并通过步进驱动模块输出针对两相线圈的电流值相位关系来实现。单次步进量可以是一个整步，也可以是微步方式，即单步进量的大小取决于步进驱动控制模块中设定的电机运行微步值。例如，微步模式值由中心处理模块通过SPI向步进驱动控制模块寄存器(如配置寄存器0)写入确定。由于该方式中电机只在STEP针脚上的电压发生切换且方向有效时转动，因此 可以通过控制STEP针脚上电压的切换周期来控制电机移动一个单次步进量的时间从而控制动作速度。若切换周期长，则电机转动速度低；若切换周期短，则电机转动速度高。例如可以利用中心处理模块中的定时器来控制切换周期的长短。当定时器设定的定时时间到达，中断被触发，在中断程序中对针脚PA0输出给STEP针脚的电压进行切换。这样，通过改变定时时间，可以控制电机速度。例如可以通过中心处理模块中固化的程序表格、或运算公式通过中心处理模块运算得到，然后控制定时器工作。
图5为中心处理模块(或汽车空调中心处理模块)与步进驱动控制模块27的相关针脚的另一种连接方式的示意图。步进驱动控制模块27与中心处理模块通过SPI接口互连，针脚(Pin)有：SDI(从设备数据输入)针脚、SDO(从设备数据输出)针脚、SCK(时钟)针脚、STRn(片选)针脚，分别与中心处理模块的针脚PB2、PB3、PB1、PB0相连。电机走的单次步进量值为设定的微步和“本次微步个数段”的乘积，最大不超过一个整步。微步方式设定为1/N整步，本次微步个数段为n，电机走的单次步进量值即等于n/N，其中，n和N为整数，1≤n≤N，这样通过控制电子膨胀阀的单次步进量值从而实现对所述电子膨胀阀的动作速度的调节。例如可以通过控制单次步进量的动作频率或单次步进量值实现对电子膨胀阀动作速度的调节。如设定微步方式为1/16整步，本次微步个数段为n，电机走的单次步进量值即等于n/16，其中1≤n≤16。步进驱动控制模块27通过SPI口收到微步值设定数据段和本次微步个数段并发给步进驱动控制中心270，步进驱动控制中心270控制驱动模块28，使得提供给线圈中电流波形按照微步值设定数据段和本次微步个数段的要求变化。微步值设定数据段确定了电机单次步进量的最小值，如选1/4微步，则电机单次 步进量最小值为1/4个整步。也可以通过改变控制步进驱动控制模块中设定的电机运行微步值实现对所述电子膨胀阀的动作速度的调节，需要微调时，采用较小的微步设定值；在需要快速动作时，采用较大的微步设定值。本次微步个数段确定了电机本次动作要移动多少个微步，并和微步值设定数据段一起确定电机的单次步进量。如微步值设定数据段指定N为1/8微步，本次微步个数段n为4，则电机的单次步进量为1/2个整步。
请参图12，图12为微步值设定数据段设定为1/4微步，A、B两相线圈内的电流波形示意图，其中从Step(n)到Step(n+1)，电机走完一个整步。
请参图6与图7，图6为中心处理模块的一种实施方式的示意框图，图7为步进驱动控制模块与驱动模块的一种实施方式的连接示意框图。中心处理模块26包括串行通信接口(serial communication interface，SCI)262、定时器(TIMER)模块261、中心处理器(central processing unit，CPU)260、只读存储器(Read only Memory，ROM)266、随机存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)267、PA口263、PB口264及SPI口265。PA口263、PB口264为通用输入输出端口(I/O)，分别含多个通用I/O针脚。SPI口265为通用外设接口，在本发明中可以与步进驱动控制模块的SPI接口通信。中心处理模块26的SCI接口262可以用于与LIN收发模块25通信。定时器模块261用于定时，当定时时间到，产生中断信号给中心处理器260。ROM存储器266、RAM存储器267用于存储程序和数据；中心处理器260根据ROM和RAM中存储的程序和数据来执行算术逻辑计算，控制上述各个模块。在需要进行速度控制时，如中心处理模块26通过SCI接口262收到初始化信号后，通过程序计算得到相应的电机速度，再根据该速度给定时器模块261赋相应的定时值，定时器运行 后，当所赋定时值时间到即产生中断信号，程序即进入到相应的中断程序运行。
步进驱动控制模块27包括步进驱动控制中心270、STEP口和DIR口272、SPI口271。驱动模块28包括两个由4个开关管组成的H桥281分别驱动电子膨胀阀的A相线圈29、B相线圈39。步进驱动控制模块27通过电流采样电阻Rsa、Rsb，通过测量电流采样电阻Rsa、Rsb两端的电压从而得到流经线圈的电流。步进驱动控制模块27中的步进驱动控制中心270通过STEP口和DIR口272，或者通过SPI口271接收到中心处理模块发出的步进控制的相关控制信号后，控制驱动模块28，使得流经A相线圈和B相线圈的电流变化满足所述步进量值和电机驱动方向的要求。在电流流经线圈的过程中，A相和B相的电流分别被实时反馈到步进驱动控制模块27，用于对线圈中电流值的监测，以实现步进驱动控制模块27对驱动模块28中开关管的开关控制。
下面介绍一下本发明控制系统的控制运行过程，请参图8至图10，其中图8为本发明中第一实施例中的控制系统接收到LIN信号后的流程示意图，图9为图8中步骤S90的一种实施方式的流程示意图，其示意出了一种改变STEP针脚电压切换周期长短的方法；图10为图8中步骤S80的一种实施方式流程示意图。电子膨胀阀的运行可以包括快速关断、快速全开、初始化运行及流量调节运行，如当控制系统接收到快速关断信号并解析为有效，则以最高运行速度控制电子膨胀阀执行关断；当控制系统接收到快速全开运行信号并解析为有效，则以最高运行速度控制电子膨胀阀执行全开；而在空调系统刚开启运行或关闭时，则执行初始化运行。电子膨胀阀的初始化运行，是指其进行全开度确认的一个过程，比如从当前开度先运行到开度为100％再运行到开度0最后再运行到一个默认开度位置。
汽车空调系统可以控制EXV在点火开关启动(Ignition on)或点火开关关闭(Ignition off)或空调系统开启或关闭(A/C off)时执行初始化，也可以在汽车空调系统认为需要EXV执行该命令的时候(如认为EXV可能故障时)执行。由于初始化运行的目的是进行自检，以确认整个开度范围可用，不涉及流量调节，因此可以采用与流量调节不一样的运行速度。因为初始化过程较长，以高于流量调节时的速度运行，可以加快初始化过程。当控制系统中的处理器如中心处理模块接收到初始化信号并解析为该位有效，则选择相应速度控制EXV进行初始化动作。初始化动作的速度可以预先设置在中心处理模块中，也可以是由中心处理模块在接到信号后再运算得出。如果不定义初始化信号，也可以通过对目标开度信号中数值的范围来判断是否要进行初始化。比如约定流量调节时目标开度信号值范围在10％到90％之间，当EXV收到该信号值为0或100％开度，则按初始化速度来动作。
EXV的流量调节，是按照目标开度信号要求运行到指定的目标开度位置。在流量调节阶段，EXV根据对目标开度信号和速度信号的解析选择对应的速度控制步进电机动作。
控制系统的控制运行过程包括以下步骤：
S10、控制系统的中心处理模块接收LIN信号帧头；
S20、控制系统判断接收到的LIN信号帧头是否是针对EXV控制的；如是，转S30；如否，转S300；
S30、控制系统的中心处理模块接收LIN信号的数据段；
S40、判断接收到的信号是否是需要EXV进行快速关断，如是，转S80；如否，转S50；
S50、判断接收到的信号是否是需要EXV进行快速全开，如是，转S90；如否，转S60；S60、判断接收到的信号是否是需要进行初始化，如是，转S100；如否，转S70；
S70、判断EXV的目标开度值是否等于当前开度值，如是，转S200；如否，转S110；
S80、控制EXV进行快速关断动作；
S90、控制EXV进行快速全开动作；S100、控制EXV以较快的动作速度执行初始化动作；
S110、控制EXV向目标开度方向动作；
S200、结束。
在上述控制流程中，也可以是LIN信号一起接收，然后进行后续的判断执行。
另外上述S80步骤中初始化的全开部分的动作可以包括如下子步骤：
S810、中心处理模块的PA1输出高电平，转S820；
S820、设定用于初始化命令的定时器定时值，转S830；
S830、开定时器中断，定时器开始运行，转S840；
S840、定时器定时值到，执行中断程序，转S850；
S850、判断PA0输出是否为低电平，如是，转S860；如否，转S845；
S845、PA0输出低电平，转S840；
S860、PA0输出高电平，转S870；
S870、更新EXV当前开度信息，转S880；
S880、判断EXV是否达到全开位置，如是，转S890；如否，转S840；
S890、关定时器中断，定时器中止运行。
另外，S80步骤中初始化的全关部分的动作可以参照上述子步骤，只是将动作方向信号相反即可；另外，初始化中的使EXV达到固定开度部分可以参照下面的开度调节部分，这里不再详细阐述。
控制流程中的S90步骤的动作可以包括如下子步骤：
S910、根据速度要求设定相应的定时器定时值，转S920；
S920、开定时器中断，定时器开始运行，转S920；
S930、定时器定时值到，执行中断程序，转S940；
S940、判断PA0输出是否为低电平，如是，转S950；如否，转S990；
S950、PA0输出高电平，转S960；
S960、更新EXV当前开度信息，转S970；
S970、判断EXV的目标开度值是否等于当前开度值，如是，转S980；如否，转S930；
S980、关定时器中断，定时器中止运行。
S990、PA0输出低电平，转S930。
在程序中EXV的动作速度可以由汽车空调控制器发出而中心处理模块接收后控制执行；另外也可以由中心处理模块运算得出。
对于第二实施例的控制流程，汽车空调的中心处理模块可以根据输入处理器31和通信接口38的输入信号并结合自身程序决定要进行“EXV进行快速关断”、“EXV进行快速全开”、“EXV执行初始化”、“控制EXV走向目标开度”中的哪个动作。控制流程的步骤可以参照上述流程示意图。例如，中心处理模块32可以通过图4所示方式，或通过SPI通信方式将步进量信息和方向信息 发送给步进驱动控制模块27。
图11为中心处理模块32与步进驱动控制模块27之间的SPI通信的一种方式的示意图。片选信号、时钟信号和从设备数据输入信号均可以从中心处理模块32输出给步进驱动控制模块。当中心处理模块32的PB0输出信号使得片选针脚从高电平变为低电平(t1，t3时刻)，步进驱动控制模块27被中心处理模块32选中作为通信从设备，开始一次中心处理模块32和步进驱动控制模块27之间的SPI通信。此后，中心处理模块通过PB1输出时钟信号给时钟针脚，通过PB2输出要发送的数据给SDI针脚。当在时钟(clock，CLK)信号的上升沿时，步进驱动控制模块将对应该时刻的SDI针脚上的数据保存到内部移位寄存器中。因此通过连续地发送CLK信号，步进驱动控制模块可以将SDI针脚上的数据连续地保存到内部移位寄存器中。SDI针脚上数据的含义可以由步进驱动控制模块确定。图11只是示意出了SDI针脚数据的一种情况，共有16 bit位(中间7位未示出)。起始两位为目标寄存器地址段，表明本次数据发送的目标地址，如图11中的起始两位“10”为运行寄存器地址。第三位为使能标志，只有该位有效时(如为1)步进驱动控制模块才能控制驱动模块。最后六位为本次微步个数段，对于本次微步个数段，用补码的形式表示正反两个方向的数据，最大到16。微步值设定数据段需要在本次SPI通信之前先写入到其他运行寄存器中，如地址为“00”的配置寄存器0。
当片选信号从低电平变为高电平的t2时刻，内部移位寄存器中的数据被转存到运行寄存器，同时步进驱动控制模块根据运行寄存器中的当前值控制驱动模块，使得流经线圈的电流产生变化，从而控制电机动作。即，流经线圈的电流在t2时刻产生变化，并一直保持到t4时刻，电机单次步进量由微步值设 定数据段和本次微步个数段一起确定。例如当设定1/16微步运行时，本次微步个数段为000100表示本次步进量值为原方向4个1/16微步，即1/4个整步；这样，在时间段Tstrn内，本次步进量为1/4个整步。又如在设定1/16微步运行，本次单次步进量个数段段为000011表示本次步进量值为原方向3个1/16微步，即3/16个整步。
因此，可以通过控制时间段Tstrn的长短，或者改变单次步进量值来控制电机的运行速度，即对电子膨胀阀的运行速度的控制可以通过控制电子膨胀阀的动作频率与单次步进量值的大小来进行。对于上面介绍的第一实施例，同样可以利用中心处理模块的定时器来控制时间段Tstrn的长短。
对于第一实施例和第二实施例，均可以分别采用图4或图5所示的方式来控制步进驱动控制模块。
除了快速关断、快速全开和初始化动作，下面再列举一些可能会要求EXV改变速度的情况。当空调系统感知到过热度骤增时，说明负荷急剧上升，需要电子膨胀阀快速打开，提供制冷剂。例如车辆在连续加速过程中，如从普通城市工况转换到高速工况，或者由原来怠速或堵车情况切换到稳定城市工况。当空调系统检测到异常高压时，说明负荷急剧上升，需要电子膨胀阀快速打开，以尽快泄压到正常范围。当过热度骤降时，说明负荷急剧下降，需要电子膨胀阀快速关闭，减少制冷剂，一方面可以快速稳定系统工况，另一方面也可以避免压缩机出现液击。上述所列情况，控制系统希望控制EXV采用较高的速度来进行流量调节。其他希望控制EXV采用较高的速度来进行流量调节的情况还可以包括：制冷和制热切换、启动过程、停机过程。
而当过热度出现振荡时，希望EXV动作相对慢一些。振荡通常发生在负 荷比较低的情况下，或者压缩机控制和膨胀阀控制出现相互影响时。这种情况，控制系统希望控制EXV采用较低的速度来进行流量调节。空调系统也可以根据EXV当前所处开度位置指示EXV采用不同的速度。比如，当开度小于某一阈值时，采用一较低速度；当开度高于某一阈值时，采用一较高速度。这些可以根据系统需要进行设置与控制。另外空调系统也可以根据EXV每次行程的不同指示EXV采用不同的速度。比如，某次行程范围小于某一阈值时，采用一较低速度；高于某一阈值时，采用一较高速度。
上述空调系统对EXV的不同速度要求的指示，对于第一实施例(图3所示)，通过中心处理模块提供速度信号发给EXV；对于第二实施例，EXV根据输入处理器31和通信接口38的输入并结合自身程序计算得到速度信号，这些可以根据需要进行调整。另外，虽然上述实施例以采用两相的步进电机为例，但除了两相步进电机外，还可以是多相步进电机。
本发明通过控制系统的控制，使电子膨胀阀单次步进动作对应的时间周期可调，单次步进对应的本次步进量可调，从而使电子膨胀阀的动作速度可调，且使电子膨胀阀在初始化时运行速度较快，而在开度调节时的速度可快可慢，使正常调节时的最大速度小于等于初始化动作时的最大速度，且使正常调节时的最小速度小于初始化动作时的最小速度，这样可以满足快速启动、快速调节的需要。如假设一般的空调系统中电子膨胀阀的正常动作速度为1的话，在快速动作时可以达到1-1.5倍或甚至2倍以上；初始化动作时电子膨胀阀的动作速度达到1.5倍以上，而正常调节时速度可以在0.1-1.5倍之间可调，如在稳定区域时速度可以较低，调节可以微步方式调节，速度为正常动作速度的0.1-0.75之间；而在动作开度较大时，可以使动作速度在1-1.5倍左右。而在需要相对 稳定时，电子膨胀阀的动作速度较慢，又能实现相对稳定的调节，使系统保持稳定运行，可以减少或避免电子膨胀阀在控制过程中发生振荡，实现最节能的控制方式。另外，初始化动作的速度也可以是固定的，这样初始化动作时的最大速度与最小速度就是相等的，即使正常调节时的最大速度小于等于初始化动作时的速度。
上面实施例中虽然均采用了汽车空调系统来进行说明，在其他带有电子膨胀阀的制冷循环系统中也同样适用本发明的调节控制方法。另外，上面的实施方式中为了说明清楚，将步进驱动控制模块与驱动模块按功能进行划分，两者可以是分别设置，也可以设置在一起即将驱动模块的功能一起放在步进驱动控制模块所在的芯片中，这样也是可以的。
需要说明的是：以上实施例仅用于说明本发明而并非限制本发明所描述的技术方案，尽管本说明书参照上述的实施例对本发明已进行了详细的说明，但是，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，所属技术领域的技术人员仍然可以对本发明进行修改或者等同替换，而一切不脱离本发明的精神和范围的技术方案及其改进，均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于，包括控制系统、电子膨胀阀，所述控制系统包括中心处理模块、步进驱动控制模块，
    所述中心处理模块，用于接收并解析系统控制信息、将解析后的针对电子膨胀阀的控制信号发送给步进驱动控制模块、记录或存储电子膨胀阀的当前开度信息；或者用于接收输入信号和或传感器信号、运算产生对电子膨胀阀的控制信号、将产生的针对电子膨胀阀的控制信号发送给步进驱动控制模块、记录或存储当前电子膨胀阀的开度信息；
    在所述控制系统中没有单独设置驱动模块时，步进驱动控制模块用于接收所述中心处理模块发送的对电子膨胀阀控制的控制信号，并为所述电子膨胀阀的线圈提供所述中心处理模块发送的满足对电子膨胀阀控制的控制信号要求的电流；
    在所述控制系统中设置有驱动模块时，步进驱动控制模块用于接收所述中心处理模块发送的对电子膨胀阀控制的控制信号，并控制通过所述驱动模块使流经电子膨胀阀线圈的电流变化满足所述中心处理模块发送的对电子膨胀阀控制的控制信号的要求；驱动模块根据步进驱动控制模块的信号要求给所述电子膨胀阀的线圈提供电流；
    所述电子膨胀阀在所述制冷剂循环系统中的运行包括初始化运行阶段与流量调节运行阶段，且所述电子膨胀阀在流量调节运行时的最大动作速度小于等于在初始化运行时动作的最大动作速度，在流量调节运行时的最小动作速度小于初始化运行时动作的最小动作速度。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于：所述电子膨胀阀在所述制冷剂循环系统中的初始化运行时动作速度固定，在流量调节运行时的速度可调，且所述电子膨胀阀在流量调节运行时的动作速度小于等于在初始化运行时动作的速度。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于：所述中心处理模块包括定时器模块，通过所述中心处理模块改变所述定时器模块的设定定时值，在定时值到后，中心处理模块将相应电平信号提供给步进驱动控制模块，步进驱动控制模块接收到相应电平信号，在所述相应电平信号有效变化时控制所述电子膨胀阀动作一个单次步进量，通过控制电子膨胀阀的单次步进量的动作时间实现对所述电子膨胀阀的动作速度的调节。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于：所述中心处理模块与步进驱动控制模块通过SPI接口连接，所述步进驱动控制模块通过SPI接口接收所述中心处理模块发送的针对所述电子膨胀阀的电机动作的单次步进量值，单次步进量值为设定的微步和本次微步个数段的乘积，最大不超过一个整步，微步方式设定为1/N整步，本次微步个数段为n，电机走的单次步进量值即等于n/N，其中n和N均为整数，1≤n≤N，通过控制电子膨胀阀的单次步进量值实现对所述电子膨胀阀的动作速度的调节。
  5. 如权利要求3或4所述的制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于：通过改变控制步进驱动控制模块中设定的电机运行微步值实现对所述电子膨胀阀的动作速度的调节，需要微调时，采用较小的微步设定值，在需要快速动作时，采用较大的微步设定值。
  6. 如权利要求1-4任一所述的制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于：所述制冷 剂循环系统为汽车空调系统，所述控制系统还包括LIN收发模块，所述LIN收发模块通过LIN线连接到LIN总线，所述LIN收发模块接收来自LIN总线的数字信号的电压电平转换后发送给所述中心处理模块、并接收与转换和传送来自所述中心处理模块的信号。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于：所述LIN收发模块通过LIN线接收LIN总线上的信号包括对所述电子膨胀阀的控制信号，控制信号包括所述电子膨胀阀所要到达的开度信号、动作速度信号；所述中心处理模块对控制信号的含义进行解析；所述中心处理模块根据当前开度和新的要到达的开度信息，计算得到需要提供给步进驱动控制模块的步进量值、电机的驱动方向(即旋转方向)信息，并把控制所述电子膨胀阀动作的信息提供给所述步进驱动控制模块。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于：所述LIN收发模块通过LIN线接收LIN总线上的信号包括对所述电子膨胀阀的控制信号，控制信号包括所述电子膨胀阀所要到达的开度信号；所述LIN收发模块将接收到的数字信号的电压电平转换后发送给中心处理模块；所述中心处理模块对控制信号的含义进行解析；所述中心处理模块根据当前开度和新的要到达的开度信息，计算得到需要提供给步进驱动控制模块的步进量值、电机的驱动方向信息、动作速度信息，并把控制所述电子膨胀阀动作的信息提供给所述步进驱动控制模块。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于：所述电子膨胀阀在所述制冷剂循环系统中的运行还包括快速关断运行阶段，所述快速关断运行信号通过LIN线从LIN总线上接收，在中心处理模块接收到快速关断信号后， 控制所述电子膨胀阀执行快速关断，且所述电子膨胀阀在快速关断运行阶段的动作速度大于等于在初始化运行阶段的动作速度。
  10. 如权利要求6所述的制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于：所述电子膨胀阀在所述制冷剂循环系统中的运行还包括快速全开阶段，所述快速全开运行信号通过LIN线从LIN总线上接收，在中心处理模块接收到快速全开信号后，控制所述电子膨胀阀执行快速全开，且所述电子膨胀阀在快速全开运行阶段的动作速度大于等于在初始化运行阶段的动作速度。
  11. 如权利要求1-4其中任一所述的制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于：所述制冷剂循环系统为汽车空调系统，所述控制系统还包括输入处理器、通信接口，所述输入处理器用于接收从空调控制面板上输入的各种开关控制信号和或空调系统管路中布置的各种传感器检测到的信号，输入处理器对输入的各种开关控制信号和或传感器信号进行处理或转换后输出给中心处理模块；通信接口用于接收车上其他模块发出的信号并传送给所述中心处理模块；所述中心处理模块根据输入处理器处理后输入的开关控制信号和或传感器信号，及经通信接口输入的信号，结合自身存储器中存储的控制程序及信息，运算后得出所述电子膨胀阀所要到达的开度信息、动作速度信息。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于：所述电子膨胀阀在所述制冷剂循环系统中的运行还包括快速关断运行阶段和/或快速全开运行阶段，所述快速关断运行信号和/或快速全开信号通过通信接口或输入处理器接收，在中心处理模块接收到快速关断信号和/或快速全开信号后，控制所述电子膨胀阀执行快速关断和/或快速全开信号；所述电子膨胀阀在快速关断运行阶段和/或快速全开运行阶段的动作速度大于等于在初始化运行阶段的动 作速度。
  13. 如权利要求11任一所述的制冷剂循环系统，其特征在于：所述电子膨胀阀在所述制冷剂循环系统中的运行还包括快速关断运行阶段和/或快速全开运行阶段，所述电子膨胀阀以目标开度信号和速度信号的结合来判断是否进行快速关断运行阶段和/或快速全开运行，当目标开度信号为0、速度信号为最大值时，电子膨胀阀进行快速全关动作；当目标开度信号为100％、速度信号为最大值时，电子膨胀阀进行快速全开动作；所述电子膨胀阀在快速关断运行阶段和/或快速全开运行阶段的动作速度大于等于在初始化运行阶段的动作速度。
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