WO2014171447A1 - ステント及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ステント及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014171447A1 WO2014171447A1 PCT/JP2014/060702 JP2014060702W WO2014171447A1 WO 2014171447 A1 WO2014171447 A1 WO 2014171447A1 JP 2014060702 W JP2014060702 W JP 2014060702W WO 2014171447 A1 WO2014171447 A1 WO 2014171447A1
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- stent
- base
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- substrate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/02—Inorganic materials
- A61L31/022—Metals or alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/146—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing a liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/007—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt with a light metal (alkali metal Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; earth alkali metal Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al Ga, Ge, Ti) or B, Si, Zr, Hf, Sc, Y, lanthanides, actinides, as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
- A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
- A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2210/00—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2210/0014—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2240/00—Manufacturing or designing of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2240/001—Designing or manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/14—Titanium or alloys thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stent placed in a tubular organ such as a bile duct, ureter, trachea, blood vessel, or other body tissue, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- stents have been placed in stenosis and occlusions of tubular organs such as the bile duct, ureter, trachea, and blood vessels to expand the part to facilitate the flow of bile and blood, or an aneurysm has occurred.
- a treatment using a stent has been performed, such as placing a stent in a place where it has been prevented to prevent its rupture.
- the stent When placing the stent, for example, the stent is reduced in diameter, accommodated in a tube such as a sheath or catheter, and transported to a target position of a body tissue such as a bile duct, and then released from the tube and self-expanded. Or the balloon arrange
- positioned inside the stent is inflated and diameter-expanded, and is detained in a predetermined location.
- a stent made of a Ni-Ti alloy is manufactured, for example, as follows. That is, a metal tube made of a Ni—Ti alloy is straightened by heat treatment at a predetermined temperature, and then processed with laser light to form a plurality of mesh openings. Thereafter, a stent having a predetermined diameter is manufactured by performing the stent expansion process a plurality of times until reaching a predetermined outer diameter in an atmosphere at a temperature higher than the heat treatment temperature in the straightening step, for example, 400 to 500 ° C.
- an insertion step of inserting a cored bar into a tube-shaped stent basic body and, if necessary, the linearity of the stent substrate are maintained.
- a cutting step of forming a stent by cutting the slot forming portion with laser light while suppressing the thermal influence of the laser light around the slot forming portion, and removing the metal core from the stent
- a method for producing a highly elastic stent which includes a removing step for expanding the stent from which the core metal has been removed, and an expansion treatment step for expanding the stent to a predetermined diameter while performing a heat treatment at 350 ° C. or lower.
- the stent manufactured by the above manufacturing method has the property that the load increases with displacement without showing a clear yield in the load-displacement curve by the compression test and the bending test, the Af point is below room temperature, and the stent is at room temperature. Since it is super elastic below, problems such as breakage are unlikely to occur.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a stent and a method for manufacturing the same that have sufficient strength, can be easily reduced in diameter, can be easily accommodated in a tube, and can be smoothly expanded when released from the tube. Is to provide.
- the stent of the present invention is a self-expanding stent formed of a Ni-Ti alloy or a Co-Cr alloy and having a mesh-like opening, and has an Af point of 22 to 26 ° C., having a yield point on the stress-displacement curve, and having an average cross-sectional area of 0.2 to 50 ⁇ m 2 by the area fraction method of crystal grains in the cross section of the stent .
- a metal core is inserted into a cylindrical stent substrate made of a Ni—Ti alloy or a Co—Cr alloy, and a mesh opening is formed by laser light.
- the core metal is removed from the stent substrate, the stent substrate is expanded to a predetermined diameter in an atmosphere of 350 ° C. or lower, and then subjected to a heat treatment at 400 to 600 ° C. for 5 to 60 minutes, so that the Af point is 22 to 26 ° C. It is characterized by becoming.
- the opening formation step using the laser beam is performed by spraying water onto the stent substrate to form a water column, and while reflecting the laser beam in the water column, Irradiation is preferred to form a mesh-like opening in the stent substrate.
- the heat treatment step after the expansion treatment of the stent substrate is preferably performed at 450 to 550 ° C. for 10 to 40 minutes.
- the heat treatment step is preferably performed only once after the expansion treatment of the stent substrate.
- the Af point since the Af point has a yield point on the stress-displacement curve at 22 to 26 ° C., it does not become superelastic at room temperature, and when the diameter of the stent is reduced, It becomes easy to maintain a reduced diameter state, and can be accommodated relatively easily in a tube such as a catheter or a sheath.
- the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grain in the cross section of the stent is 0.2 to 50 ⁇ m 2 , the strength of the stent can be increased, and as a result, the stent is housed in the tube. However, it can be made difficult to sag, and when the stent is released from the tube, the diameter can be smoothly expanded.
- the temperature when expanding the stent substrate is a relatively low temperature of 350 ° C. or less, and the subsequent heat treatment is 400 to 600 ° C. It can suppress coarsening, recrystallization, etc., has an Af point of 22-26 ° C., has a yield point on the stress-displacement curve, and has an average cross-sectional area of 0.
- a high-strength stent having a fine crystal grain size of 2 to 50 ⁇ m 2 can be produced.
- FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the stent of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is the expanded view of the stent
- FIG. 1 is the expanded view of the stent
- FIG. 1 is the expanded view of the stent
- FIG. 1 is the expanded view of the stent
- FIG. 1 is the expanded view of the stent
- FIG. 1 is the expanded view of the stent
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the stent of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is the expanded view of the stent
- FIG. 1 is the expanded view of the stent in another example.
- the manufacturing method of the stent of this invention is shown,
- (a) is explanatory drawing which shows the process of inserting a metal core to a stent base
- (b) is explanatory drawing which shows a drawing process,
- (c) is a straightening process.
- FIG. 1A is an explanatory view showing an expansion process of a stent base
- FIG. 4C is an explanatory view showing a process of pulling out the expander from the stent substrate after the heat treatment. It is a stress-displacement curve figure of an Example and a comparative example.
- FIG. 1A is an explanatory view showing an expansion process of a stent base
- FIG. 4C is an explanatory view showing a process of pulling out the expander from the stent substrate after the heat treatment. It is a stress-displacement curve figure of an Example and a comparative example.
- FIG. 7A shows an orientation mapping (IPF) image by an electron backscatter diffraction method (Electron Backscatter Diffraction: EBSD method).
- FIG. 7A shows an example
- FIG. 7B shows a comparative example. It is explanatory drawing of the area fraction method (Area Fraction method) used for the measurement of the average cross-sectional area of a crystal grain.
- the stent 10 of this embodiment has a cylindrical shape having a plurality of mesh-shaped openings 11, and is a self-expanding type that expands in the absence of external force.
- the stent 10 is formed into a cylindrical shape having a mesh opening by processing a metal cylinder with a laser beam.
- the pattern having the mesh-shaped opening of the stent 10 is as follows. That is, it extends in a zigzag shape along the circumferential direction, and both ends of the zigzag portion 13 are annularly connected to form a circumferential unit 15, and the bent portions of the zigzag portion 13 of each circumferential unit 15 are connected to each other.
- the plurality of circumferential units 15 are connected in the axial direction via the connecting portion 17, thereby forming a cylindrical shape as a whole.
- a plurality of frame-like bodies 14 having the openings 11 are connected in the circumferential direction to form a circumferential unit 15. May be configured in a cylindrical shape by connecting them in the axial direction via a plurality of connecting portions 17. Note that the shape and arrangement pattern of the openings 11 of the stent 10 are not limited to those described in FIGS. 2A and 2B, and are not particularly limited as long as the diameter can be reduced and expanded.
- a cover member made of, for example, polyurethane, silicone, natural rubber, nylon elastomer, polyether block amide, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, fluorine resin, or the like is disposed on the inside and / or outside of the stent 10. May be.
- the material of the stent 10 is Ni-Ti, Ni-Ti-Co, Ni-Ti-Cu, Ni-Ti-Fe, Ni-Ti-Nb, Ni-Ti-V, Ni-Ti-Cr, Ni-Ti.
- Ni—Ti alloys such as —Mn, or Co—Cr alloys such as Co—Cr, Co—Cr—Mo, and Co—Cr—Ni are used.
- the stent 10 has an Af point of 22 to 26 ° C.
- the “Af point” means a temperature at which austenite transformation is completed in a shape memory alloy such as a Ni—Ti alloy or a C—Cr alloy, and when the temperature is higher than this temperature, the shape memorized by the shape memory process is obtained. It comes to return.
- the stent 10 has a high elastic force at a temperature at which the stent 10 is generally used, for example, at a temperature in an operating room or the like, and it is difficult to reduce the diameter. It becomes difficult to accommodate the stent 10 in a tube such as the like.
- the Af point exceeds 26 ° C., when the stent 10 is placed in a tubular organ or body tissue, it becomes difficult to return to the expanded shape stored in the stent 10 and the usability is lowered.
- the stent 10 has a yield point on its stress-displacement curve. That is, using a stent expansion force measuring device (Radial Expansion Force Equipment “RX550”, manufactured by Machine Solutions, Inc.), the entire diameter of the stent is evenly 1 mm / min in the diameter reduction direction and the outer diameter of the stent is 2.5 mm. Stress (stent expansion force) -displacement (stent outer diameter displacement) when the diameter is expanded to 1 mm / min in the diameter expansion direction until the stent reaches the initial outer diameter. On the curve (see FIG. 6), the yield point (portion indicated by R in the figure) can be clearly grasped.
- a stent expansion force measuring device Radial Expansion Force Equipment “RX550”, manufactured by Machine Solutions, Inc.
- the stent 10 the crystal grains of the area fraction Method for stent section (Area Fraction Method) average cross-sectional area of 0.2 ⁇ 50 [mu] m 2 by, preferably there is a 0.5 ⁇ 30 ⁇ m 2.
- the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grains is less than 0.2 ⁇ m 2 , the strength of the stent is increased, but the flexibility is insufficient. Therefore, when the stent 10 is reduced in diameter and accommodated in the tube, it is expanded when released from the tube. On the other hand, when the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grains exceeds 50 ⁇ m 2 , the strength of the stent cannot be sufficiently increased, and when the stent 10 is housed in the tube in a reduced diameter state, It becomes easy.
- the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grains has a boundary with an azimuth angle difference of 5 ° or more in a known IPF map using a backscattered electron diffraction image method (EBSD method) using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- EBSD method backscattered electron diffraction image method
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grains is measured by an area fraction method (Area Fraction method). That is, when the area of the entire measurement structure in the IPF map is 100 and the area of the crystal grains in the map is S1, S2, S3, S4,.
- Average cross-sectional area of crystal grains (S1 ⁇ S1 / 100) + (S2 ⁇ S2 / 100) + (S3 ⁇ S3 / 100) + (S4 ⁇ S4 / 100) +
- the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grains Is 8 ⁇ 0.08 + 25 ⁇ 0.25 + 59 ⁇ 0.59 + 8 ⁇ 0.08, which is 42.34.
- the IPF map by EBSD method and the average cross-sectional area of crystal grains are, for example, SEM (“JSM-7800F”, manufactured by JEOL Ltd.), EBSD device (electron diffraction crystal orientation analyzer “HIKARI”, TSL Solutions). It is possible to measure by using a dedicated software (OIM Analysis 6.2).
- a metal core is inserted into a cylindrical stent base made of a Ni—Ti alloy or a Co—Cr alloy, a mesh opening is formed by laser light, and then the metal core is removed from the stent base.
- heat treatment is performed at 400 to 600 ° C. for 5 to 60 minutes so that the Af point becomes 22 to 26 ° C. .
- a cored bar 22 is inserted into a cylindrical stent base 20 made of the Ni—Ti alloy or Co—Cr alloy formed of the above-described material.
- the stent base 20 with the cored bar 22 inserted is inserted into a hole having a smaller diameter than the stent base 20 of the die 24, and a drawing process or an extrusion process is performed at a predetermined speed.
- the stent base 20 is reduced in diameter to a predetermined diameter.
- the processing rate of the stent substrate 20 is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 35% or more, and further preferably 45% or more. If the processing rate of the stent substrate 20 is less than 10%, the work-hardened tissue is likely to disappear due to the shape memory treatment or heat treatment after the diameter reduction processing, so that the strength of the stent is lowered.
- the stent base 20 is placed in the heat treatment furnace 26, held at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time, and the stent base 20 having a reduced diameter is straightened.
- the treatment temperature is preferably 400 to 600 ° C., more preferably 450 to 550 ° C.
- the holding time is preferably 5 to 60 minutes, more preferably 20 to 40 minutes.
- this straightening process is performed as needed, and is not an essential step of the stent manufacturing method according to the present invention.
- a mesh-shaped opening 11 is formed in the stent base 20.
- the opening 11 is formed by cutting a predetermined portion of the stent base 20 in a predetermined shape by a so-called water laser. Specifically, high-pressure pressurized water is jetted from the nozzle 31 of the laser cutting device 30 toward the stent substrate 20 to form the water column 32, and the laser beam 33 emitted from the nozzle 31 is generated in the water column 32. By irradiating the stent substrate 20 with reflection, an opening 11 having a predetermined shape is formed.
- a water laser cutting device for example, “AQL1900”, manufactured by Kasuya Kogyo Co., Ltd. can be used.
- the opening 11 can be formed with the laser beam 33 while cooling in the water column 32 at a predetermined location of the stent substrate 20, the thermal influence due to the reflection or scattering of the laser beam 33 with respect to the stent substrate 20 is affected. It is difficult to receive, and the strength of the stent substrate 20 can be maintained by suppressing the coarsening of crystal grains and recrystallization. In addition, the opening 11 can be reliably formed at a predetermined position of the stent base 20 even when the cored bar 22 is inserted.
- the stent substrate 20 having the mesh-shaped opening 11 is cut into a predetermined length by the laser beam 33 or other cutting means.
- the stent base body 20 with the cored bar 22 inserted therein is immersed in a treatment tank 35 in which a treatment liquid 36 such as nitric acid is stored.
- a treatment liquid 36 such as nitric acid
- the distal end portion of the expander 37 whose distal end portion has a reduced diameter and whose base portion has an enlarged diameter is inserted from one axial end of the stent substrate 20, thereby expanding the stent substrate 20. It is made to attach to the outer periphery of the expansion tool 37.
- the stent substrate 20 is placed together with the expansion tool 37 in the heat treatment furnace 38, and held in an atmosphere of 350 ° C. or lower for 1 to 60 minutes. Is subjected to shape memory processing for storing the expanded diameter state.
- the temperature at this time is more preferably 300 ° C. or lower. Further, the holding time during the shape memory process is more preferably 1 to 70 minutes. If the temperature is 350 ° C. or higher, the crystal grain coarsening or recrystallization proceeds in the stent structure, and the strength decreases.
- the stent base 20 is placed together with the expansion tool 37 in the same heat treatment furnace 38 or another heat treatment furnace, and is held at 400 to 600 ° C. for 5 to 60 minutes, so that the Af point becomes 22 to 26 ° C.
- a heat treatment is performed on the stent substrate 20 (see FIG. 5B).
- the temperature during the above heat treatment is preferably 450 to 550 ° C., and the holding time is preferably 10 to 40 minutes.
- the temperature during the heat treatment is less than 400 ° C., it becomes difficult to set the Af point of the stent to 22 to 26 ° C., and if the temperature exceeds 600 ° C., the stent tissue becomes coarse, recrystallized, etc. Progresses and the strength decreases.
- the holding time at the time of heat treatment is less than 5 minutes, it becomes difficult to uniformly apply heat treatment to the entire stent, and if it exceeds 60 minutes, the crystal grain coarsening or recrystallization proceeds in the stent tissue and the strength decreases. .
- the heat treatment step is performed only once after the stent base is expanded. According to this, since the thermal history of the stent substrate 20 is reduced, it is easy to leave the work-hardened tissue of the stent, and it is possible to effectively suppress the coarsening and recrystallization of the stent tissue, resulting in higher strength. Can be obtained.
- the stent base body 20 is cooled in the heat treatment furnace 38, taken out of the heat treatment furnace and air-cooled or rapidly cooled, or immediately after the heat treatment, by pulling out the expander 37 (see FIG. 5 (c)), the stent 10 shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained.
- the temperature at which the stent substrate is expanded is a relatively low temperature of 350 ° C. or lower and the subsequent heat treatment is 400 to 600 ° C. Crystals and the like can be suppressed, the Af point is 22 to 26 ° C., the yield point is on the stress-displacement curve, and the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grain in the cross section of the stent is 0.2 to 50 ⁇ m 2.
- the crystal grains can be made finer, and the high-strength stent 10 can be manufactured.
- the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grains in the cross section of the stent can be reduced by lowering the above heat treatment temperature, shortening the holding time, or reducing the number of heat treatments, while increasing the above heat treatment temperature. Or by increasing the holding time or increasing the number of heat treatments.
- the stent 10 has an Af point of 22 to 26 ° C. and a yield point on the stress-displacement curve. Therefore, the stent 10 does not become superelastic at room temperature, and when the stent 10 is reduced in diameter, It becomes easy to maintain the reduced diameter state.
- a tube such as a catheter or sheath in order to be placed in a tubular organ such as a bile duct, ureter, trachea, blood vessel, or other body tissue, Since it can be accommodated while maintaining its reduced diameter state, it can be accommodated easily, and the accommodation workability can be improved.
- the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grains in the cross section of the stent 10 by the area fraction method is 0.2 to 50 ⁇ m 2 , the crystal grains are refined and the strength of the stent 10 is increased. It can be made difficult to sag even in a state of being accommodated in the tube, and when the stent 10 is released from the tube, the diameter can be smoothly expanded.
- a Ni-Ti alloy ingot with 56% Ni, 43.8% Ti, and the remainder unavoidable impurities is processed into a columnar shape, and this is machined to form a cylindrical stent base with an outer diameter of 5 mm and a length of 1000 mm 20 (see FIG. 3 (a)), a core metal 22 is inserted into the stent base 20, and then a drawing process is performed to obtain a processing rate of 35% and an outer diameter of 3.23 mm.
- a substrate 20 was formed (see FIG. 3B). Thereafter, a plurality of openings 11 were formed in the stent substrate 20 with the laser cutting device 30 (see FIG. 3D).
- the stent base 20 is immersed in the treatment layer 35 to dissolve the cored bar 22 (see FIGS. 4A and 4B), and then an expansion tool 37 having an outer diameter of 10 mm is inserted into the stent base 20.
- the stent base 20 is placed in the heat treatment furnace 38, and shape memory processing is performed at 300 ° C. for 5 minutes (see FIG. 5B).
- the stent base 20 is heat-treated at 500 ° C. for 35 minutes (see FIG. 5B), and then the expander 37 is pulled out from the stent base 20 to obtain the stent 10 of the embodiment. It produced (refer FIG.5 (c)).
- the stent of this example has an outer diameter of 10.5 mm, a length of 10 mm, and an Af point of 24 ° C.
- a cylindrical stent base made of a Ni—Ti alloy ingot is straightened by heat correction at 400 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then a plurality of openings are formed with a YAG laser device.
- Other conditions are the same as in the above embodiment.
- the stent of this comparative example has an outer diameter of 10.1 mm, a length of 10 mm, and an Af point of 24 ° C.
- IPF map creation by EBSD method and measurement of average cross-sectional area of crystal grains For each of the stents of the above Examples and Comparative Examples, dedicated software (OIM) is used with an EBSD device (electron diffraction crystal orientation analyzer “HIKARI”, manufactured by TSL Solutions) attached to an SEM (“JSM-7800F”, manufactured by JEOL Ltd.). An analysis 6.2) was used to create an IPF map by the EBSD method, and based on this IPF map, the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grains was measured by the area fraction method.
- OIM dedicated software
- EBSD device electron diffraction crystal orientation analyzer “HIKARI”, manufactured by TSL Solutions
- SEM JSM-7800F
- An analysis 6.2 was used to create an IPF map by the EBSD method, and based on this IPF map, the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grains was measured by the area fraction method.
- FIG. 7A shows an IPF map of the stent of the example
- FIG. 7B shows an IPF map of the stent of the comparative example.
- the scale in the figure is 15 ⁇ m.
- the comparative example stent has extremely large crystal grains, whereas the stent of the example shows that the crystal grains are made finer.
- the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grains of the stent of the example is 2.64332 ⁇ m 2 (standard deviation 0.647377)
- the average cross-sectional area of the crystal grains of the stent of the comparative example is 141.769 ⁇ m 2 (standard deviation). 54.4368).
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Abstract
Description
Niを56%、Tiを43.8%、残りを不可避不純物としたNi-Ti合金鋳塊を柱状に加工し、これを機械加工で外径が5mm、長さが1000mmの筒状のステント基体20を成形し(図3(a)参照)、このステント基体20内に芯金22を挿入した後、引き抜き加工を施して、加工率が35%で、外径が3.23mmとされたステント基体20を形成した(図3(b)参照)。その後、レーザー切断装置30でステント基体20に複数の開口11を形成した(図3(d)参照)。次いで、ステント基体20を処理層35に浸漬して、芯金22を溶解した後(図4(a),(b)参照)、ステント基体20内に外径が10mmの拡張具37を挿入し(図5(a)参照)、熱処理炉38内にステント基体20を配置して、300℃、5分で形状記憶処理を施す(図5(b)参照)。更に熱処理炉38内で、ステント基体20を、500℃、35分で熱処理を施し(図5(b)参照)、その後、ステント基体20から拡張具37を引き抜くことで、実施例のステント10を作製した(図5(c)参照)。この実施例のステントは、外径が10.5mm、長さが10mm、Af点が24℃である。
Ni-Ti合金鋳塊からなる筒状のステント基体を、400℃、60分で熱矯正して真直化した後、YAGレーザー装置で複数の開口を形成し、その後、サイズが異なる3つの金型を用いて、(1)420℃、30分で、4mmまで拡径、(2)450℃、30分で、7mmまで拡径、(3)500℃、30分で、10mmまで拡径させ、その後、550℃、60分で形状記憶処理を施して、比較例のステントを作製した。その他の条件は、上記実施例と同様である。この比較例のステントは、外径が10.1mm、長さが10mm、Af点が24℃である。
上記実施例及び比較例のステントそれぞれについて、SEM(「JSM-7800F」、日本電子社製)に取付けたEBSD装置(電子回折結晶方位解析装置「HIKARI」、TSLソリューションズ社製)で専用ソフト(OIM Analysis6.2)を用いて、EBSD法によるIPFマップを作成すると共に、このIPFマップに基いてエリアフラクション法によって結晶粒の平均断面積を測定した。
上記実施例及び比較例のステントそれぞれについて、ステント拡張力測定装置(Radial Expansion Force Equipment「RX550」、Machine Solutions社製)を用いて、ステント全面に亘って均等に、縮径方向に1mm/minで、ステントの外径が2.5mmとなるまで縮径させた後、拡径方向に1mm/minの拡径速度で、ステントが初期の外径となるまで拡径させ、そのときの、ステントの拡張力とステントの外径変位との関係(応力-変位曲線)を測定した。その結果を図6に示す。同図に示すように、比較例のステントに対して、実施例のステントの方が拡張力が高く、高強度であることが分かる。
11 開口
20 ステント基体
Claims (5)
- Ni-Ti系合金又はCo-Cr系合金からなりメッシュ状の開口を有する筒状に形成された自己拡張型のステントにおいて、
Af点が22~26℃とされ、応力-変位曲線上において降伏点を有していると共に、ステントの断面における結晶粒のエリアフラクション法による平均断面積が0.2~50μm2とされていることを特徴とするステント。 - Ni-Ti系合金又はCo-Cr系合金からなる筒状のステント基体内に芯金を挿入し、レーザー光でメッシュ状の開口を形成した後、該ステント基体から前記芯金を除去し、
前記ステント基体を350℃以下の雰囲気下で所定径まで拡張した後、400~600℃で5~60分の熱処理を施して、Af点が22~26℃となるようにすることを特徴とするステントの製造方法。 - 前記レーザー光による開口形成工程は、前記ステント基体に水を噴射して、水柱を形成すると共に、この水柱内でレーザー光を反射させつつ、前記ステント基体に照射して、前記ステント基体にメッシュ状の開口を形成する請求項2記載のステントの製造方法。
- 前記ステント基体の拡張処理後の熱処理工程は、450~550°C、10~40分でなされる請求項2又は3記載のステントの製造方法。
- 前記熱処理工程は、前記ステント基体の拡張処理後、1回のみ行われる請求項2~4のいずれか1つに記載のステントの製造方法。
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US14/785,304 US20160067069A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2014-04-15 | Stent and process for producing same |
EP14785097.8A EP2987470A4 (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2014-04-15 | ENDOPROTHESIS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME |
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KR20190011452A (ko) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-02-07 | 주식회사 엠아이텍 | 이탈 방지용 스텐트 및 그 제조방법 |
KR101955518B1 (ko) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-03-07 | 전해 | 귀금속 미세라인을 이용한 메쉬형 장신구 제조 방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 메쉬형 장신구 |
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US12115288B2 (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2024-10-15 | Cook Medical Technologies Llc | Coated medical device and method of coating such a device |
CN109259911A (zh) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-25 | 苏州脉悦医疗科技有限公司 | 一种高弹性支架的制备方法 |
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