WO2014094724A1

WO2014094724A1 - Contact system for compensating arc contraction in power switches

Info

Publication number: WO2014094724A1
Application number: PCT/DE2013/000824
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jochen KUCKUCK
Original assignee: Kuckuck Jochen
Priority date: 2012-12-19
Filing date: 2013-12-19
Publication date: 2014-06-26
Also published as: DE112013006070A5

Abstract

A contact system for closing and opening electrical circuits with a power switch comprises at least two connection bolts, each connected to at least two contact components designed as coils and each functionally connected to at least one contact disk, the contact disks having helical slots in continuation of the coil windings formed in the contact components in order to generate an axial magnetic field when a voltage is applied.

Description

Contact system for

Arc contraction compensation, for circuit breakers

description

The present invention relates to a contact system for closing and opening electrical circuits with a circuit breaker comprising at least two connecting bolts, which are each connected to at least two contact bodies and wherein the contact bodies are formed as coils and each operatively connected to at least one contact disc and the contact discs have helical slits as a continuation of the trained in the contact bodies spool turns for generating an axial magnetic field at applied voltage.

Switches are used to close and open electrical circuits. In power distribution and transmission networks, power switches are used which must reliably switch on and off large currents (in particular fault and short-circuit currents) of several kilo-amps and voltages of several kilovolts.

In a hermetically sealed tube, the so-called switching chamber of the switch, there are usually a movable and a fixed contact, which are arranged opposite each other. It can but also be pre-arranged several contacts in the switching chamber and the two opposing contacts or a plurality of contact pairs to be designed to be movable. These contacts form the breaker unit of the circuit breaker and move towards each other when the switch closes, or when opened again, move away. Usually the opening and closing happens in the installation position in the axial direction. Compared to the ambient atmosphere, the switching chamber is preferably evacuated to vacuum and usually sealed with a metallic bellows against the surrounding atmosphere safely. Usually, the switching chamber is tube-like and the stroke of the bz. the contacts are transferred by rods to the movable switch contacts. Thus, it is possible to transmit the lifting movement to the movable switching contact and at the same time to maintain the vacuum or other insulating medium, such as oil or inert gas, and at the same time to keep the switching chamber hermetically sealed.

When the contacts are galvanically isolated, a metal arc discharge is initiated by the current to be switched off. The current flows through this resulting metal vapor plasma until the next zero crossing when the arc extinguishes by interrupting the current path. The movable contact piece is guided by a sliding bearing usually axially.

The most heavily used components of a circuit breaker are the switching contacts, as they are exposed by the arc of a very high thermal load. The contacts are usually made of a copper carrier, the contact body and a erosion-resistant area, the contact disk, from the most commonly used sintered copper-chromium for the Arc together. Due to the geometric design of the contact systems, consisting of contact body and contact discs and the material selection of its component contribute to the switching arc and thus the switching process as such to dominate.

With vacuum circuit breakers there are two fundamentally different ways of controlling the arc. On the one hand, radial magnetic field contact systems (RMF) or axial magnetic field contact systems (AMF) can be used. In radial magnetic field contacts, a radial magnetic field is generated by the arc itself. The superimposed is an additional magnetic field, which drives the arc in its contracted form with the highest possible rotational speed over the contact surface of the contact disc. In order to generate the additional magnetic field, disc-shaped slotted contact discs are known from DE 19851965 A1 and DE 19738195 C2, and from DE 2934341 C2, disc-shaped contact discs are known. A disadvantage of these devices is a relatively slow rotational speed and a relatively high thermal load.

In order to generate a magnetic field that drives the arc for circulation with such contact disks, the power connection on the contact body is usually fastened in the middle and on the underside of the contact disk. In addition, in such contact systems, a contact disc should always be mirrored and connected to a power connector, otherwise no arc driving magnetic field is generated.

In order to stress the contact surfaces uniformly and to avoid local melting, axial magnetic field contacts are used. The arc remains diffuse at relatively small currents forms at relatively small currents per arc path on the entire contact surface. Known Axialmagnetfeldkontaktsysteme are described for example in DE 19707794 C2 or DE 19855413 C2. As the current increases, however, the contraction of the arc (pinch effect) increases, so that in the case of several switching operations, increased wear occurs at the contact surfaces of the contact disks. In addition, eddy currents are induced in the contact disks by the contact bodies, which leads to a deterioration in the switching behavior and the switching capacity of a switch. In order to suppress or reduce the eddy currents, the contact surfaces are slit, as has been proposed in the publications DE 198 55 413 C2, DE 10 2007 063 414 B3, EP 2 551 878 A1 or WO 2008/025307.

The known contact systems for closing and opening electrical circuits with a circuit breaker have indeed proven to be reliable, but have the disadvantage that their service life is relatively low due to the relatively high wear. The contracted arc generated during switching operations produces strong local heating on and on the contact surfaces of the contact disks, which is associated with a significant release of metal vapor or metal vapor plasma, which in turn limits the dielectric counteractivation of the contact gap. This also limits the amount of safe turn-off current. Furthermore, when an arc occurs between the contact disks, the current flowing in the contact disks is forced through the straight slots in the contact disks into an unnatural shape, which adversely affects the behavior of the arc. The Kathodenfußpunkte the cathode, as well as the anode points of the anode of the example burning in a vacuum arc remain hanging on the straight slots and cause in these areas an extremely strong local thermal stress, which is also associated with a significant release of metal vapor. In addition to the reduced recompression of the switching path, this also additionally leads to increased wear of the contact disks or of the entire contact system, which ultimately considerably shortens the service life of such switches. Furthermore, the eddy currents induced in the contact surfaces of conventional contact systems are not sufficiently suppressed, which has a negative effect on the switching properties of the entire contact system.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a contact compensation system for arc contraction compensation in circuit breakers of the type described in the opening paragraph, which allows a significantly improved switching capacity and a significantly extended contact system life, as well as a contact system that provides a natural and harmonious transition for the arc having in the circuit breaker in the switching action. These objects are achieved by the features specified in claim 1, in particular in that the coil and the slots of the contact disc are formed as one or more spirals, which form a curve shape or a surface shape, which is about a point or an axis of the coil or the contact disk extends around and / or approaches depending on the direction of rotation from this point or from this axis, wherein the coils of the contact disk produce magnetic fields and in a Kontaktscheibenan- order with an axial resulting magnetic field, the axial magnetic field is increased with increasing contraction of the arc or in a contact disk arrangement for generating radial magnetic fields, the radial magnetic field component with increasing distance of the arc from the power connection of the coil or the contact disc, the arc is forced to the circulation compelling radial magnetic field, so that the arc a natural harmonic spiral track rolls outwards.

By these measures, a contact system for circuit breaker with coils is provided with which an axial magnetic field can be generated, and which increases with increasing contraction of the arc and thus compensates for the resulting in a switching action arc in its contraction itself. In addition, the eddy currents are suppressed much stronger with the contact discs according to the invention. Therefore, the present invention has significantly better properties in their work as the contact systems with the previously known contact discs.

The axial magnetic field can be so greatly increased or generated by the measures of the present invention with increasing contraction of the arc, so that contact discs according to the invention with their coils to a novel new way to safely control the switching arc in the circuit breaker (preferably in the vacuum circuit breaker ) leads.

As a result, it is possible to control substantially larger currents and higher voltages than the conventional contact systems used with the same contact surface size (contact disk size or contact disk diameter). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, coils are formed in contact disks or contact disks are formed as coils. Conversely, this leads to the fact that the coils in contact discs or contact discs can be used as coils or coils as contact discs.

The invention thus relates to coils in the form of spirals in contact discs. The coils of the contact discs generate magnetic fields, and in a contact disc assembly with an axial resulting magnetic field, the axial magnetic field can be increased with increasing contraction of the arc or in a proposed contact disc assembly for generating radial magnetic fields, the radia- le magnetic field component with increasing distance of the arc from the power supply Coils or contact disc, which can increase the arc to the orbiting radial magnetic field.

According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the contact system according to the invention, the radius of the coils for the coil or for the contact disc as a logarithmic spiral after the

Equation can be calculated. It is e

* 2,718 ... which corresponds to Euler's number e. The parameters a and b represent arbitrary real, imaginary, real, complex, transformed, modified ones, or they can take other numbers. Preferably, however, real numbers are used (all amounts of numbers / numbers and fractions from minus infinity to plus infinity). It proves to be good to use amounts less than 100, better still less 25, and especially well less than ten.

The encircling angle Ψ can also be any real, imaginary, real, complex, transfor- assume modified, modified or other numbers. Preferably, however, real numbers are used (all amounts of numbers and fractions from minus infinity to plus infinity). The angle Ψ runs from minus infinity, preferably zero to infinity - depending on how big the spiral is.

A special form of the logarithmic spiral is the golden spiral (also known as Fibonacci spiral), which occurs naturally in the natural growth of, for example, some snail shells, the human auricle or sunflowers. The following values are assigned to the parameters from formula [1]:

2

ae = and ^{b ~} π [1] This results in formula [2] for calculating or describing the spiral:

2'cp

ιφ) = Φ ^~ [2]

Since ei is 2 which corresponds to the ratio of the golden section, and

H = 180 °% 3,142-

Again, the angle <P is defined as in the formula [1] and basically runs from zero to infinity, depending on how large the spiral is. Will now one of these spirals around the

Angle oc shifted or rotated drawn, resulting in several spirals, which are offset by the angle α. The angle sum is like the circle 360 °. In this case, the displacement angle is selected with α = 90 °, so that four golden spirals result in a symmetrical arrangement. These arrangements of spirals are provided in the coils or slots in the contact disks.

There must be at least one spiral (slot and / or coil) in the contact disc in the contact discs according to the invention. The lengths of the slots and / or coils (spirals) can be performed arbitrarily. The spirals (slots and / or coils) would theoretically run to the center of the spiral (zero point of the coordinate system = origin of the spiral) of the contact disk, however, the coils / slots are made only from a certain radius to still sufficient mechanical stability in to ensure the center of the contact disc.

Since the spirals (coils / slots) can grow to infinity, this slot or coil arrangement is suitable for any contact disc size with any diameter of the contact disc.

The contact discs may be round, oval, elliptical or polygonal, but round contact discs are the preferred variant. The resulting contact disc results in one or more coils or coil-shaped turns from the outside to the center of the contact disc. Depending on how the contact bodies (power connections for the contact disk) are provided, one or more coils or slots may be present in the contact disk. That is, the displacement angle α can be arbitrarily changed, but a symmetrical displacement and thus symmetrical arrangement of the coils or slots in the contact disc is recommended. Also, the zero point of the coordinate system or origin, all or each Individual spiral on the contact disc freely selectable, however, the center of the contact disc for all spirals, namely slots or coils, is preferred. The contact disks or contact surfaces can be provided once with five and once with six coils or slots.

According to the invention, it is provided that the spiral of the coil and the slots of the contact disk are formed as logarithmic spirals.

Preferably, one of the spirals or slots is each about the angle. arranged offset so that this results in several spirals or slots, which are offset by the angle α, where the sum of angles is 360 ° and the angle α = 90 ° is given, so that four golden spirals or slits in symmetrical Arrangement are formed, this arrangement of spirals is assigned to the coils of the contact body or the slots in the contact discs.

The origin of the spirals and / or slots can be freely selected by a point, an axis or by a body on or in the contact disk or on or in the contact body, the resulting shape representing the difference to its surroundings becomes.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the contact system according to the invention, the contact disc is round, oval, elliptical or polygonal. It is envisaged that the spiral of the contact body and / or the slots of the contact disk holes of different diameters and shapes, Teilschlitzstrecken, slot sections, Lochschlitzstrecken have along the spirals or the Slit in continuous or interrupted form and in different lengths and in size and width are formed.

In a further preferred embodiment of the contact system according to the invention contact system, the cross section of the contact disc and the cross section of the coil decreases, remains the same or increases.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the contact disk is associated with a centrally arranged increase.

In the contact disk, in a further embodiment, a hole is arranged, which is designed such that it can serve to produce a contact disk ring. Furthermore, depending on the number of turns and thus the length of the coil, the spiral and the slots of the contact disk, the strength of the field that can be generated can be determined.

Furthermore, each paired contact discs and the associated coils can be connected to each other by a current-carrying arc.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, the contact disks facing each other form a Helmholtz coil, which generate an axial magnetic field when the voltage is applied accordingly.

In the presence of an axial magnetic field component and a contracting arc, the length of the current path of the contact disc and the length of the Helmholtz coil and thus also the number of turns of the coil increase, thereby increasing the axial Magnetic field can be increased with increasing contraction of the arc.

It is provided that the magnetic field which compels the arc to circulate on the contact disk is a radial magnetic field, a Maxwell coil being formed by the contact disks standing opposite one another.

It is envisaged that in the present with the presence of a radial magnetic field component of the arc forcing mandatory magnetic field is formed and an electric current from the contact - disc or coil removing arc, the length of the current path of the contact disc or the length of the Maxwell coil and thus the number of turns of the coil increases and thereby the arc forcing the magnetic field can be increased.

In a further preferred embodiment, the contact system can be designed as a radial-axial magnetic field contact system (RAMF), which consists of a contact body producing a radial magnetic field as a current connection for the contact disk and a contact disk producing an axial magnetic field, the contact disk thus contacting the contact body is attached, that the slots of the contact body in which the contact disc are formed opening.

In another embodiment, the contact system as an axial-radial magnetic field contact system (ARMF) is formed, which consists of a axialmagnetfelder- generating contact body as a power connection for the contact disc and a radialmagnetfelderzeugender contact disc, wherein the contact disc is secured to the contact body, that the slots of the con- in which the contact disc are arranged opening.

The axial magnetic field is generated via the coil and windings of the contact disk and further consists of more than one contact disk, at least one connecting piece and a connecting bolt, wherein the connecting pieces can also be formed from spiral tracks.

Furthermore, connections of capacitors are provided in the contact systems, which serve for reactive power compensation.

The contact disc and the coil can be milled, bent or stamped or molded integrally with a corresponding shape. The contact system in a circuit breaker, or a circuit breaker, or a circuit breaker, or a grounding switch, or a grounding disconnector, or a circuit breaker or a circuit breaker, or a fuse switch disconnector, or a circuit breaker or a main switch, or a switch and button be installed.

Further advantageous measures are described in the subclaims. The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and will be described in more detail below; it shows:

Figure 1 shows the three-dimensional representation of two

Contact discs with coils formed by spiral slots between which an arc can burn, with the switch open, with power connections; Figure 2 is a plan view and side view of a contact disc having helical slots and helical coils;

Figure 3 is a plan view of a contact disc with four spiral slots of Figure 1, with different lengths;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a contact disk with four spiral slots of different lengths and four coils designed as transition slots;

Figure 5 is a plan view of a contact disc with four spiral slots of different lengths of Figure 4, with rounded and angled transition slots; Figure 6 is a plan view of a contact disc of Figure 4, with two coil slots after a Fermat spiral;

FIG. 7 shows a plan view of a contact disk according to FIG. 4, with six angular spiral slots of different lengths and different lengths of the straight slot sections and coils;

8 shows the plan view of a contact disk according to FIG. 4, with six rounded, angular spiral slots of different shape

Lengths and different rounded and straight slot lengths and coils;

FIG. 9 the top view and side view of a

Contact disc with slots with centrally located elevation and coils and changed direction of rotation; Figure 10 is a plan view and sectional view of a contact wafer having holes along the spirals and coils;

Figure 11 is a plan view of a contact disc with partial sections of spiral, as

Slots formed coils;

Figure 12 is a plan view of a contact disc with helical, formed as slots coils of different lengths and different origins of the spirals.

Figure 13 is a plan view of a contact disc having helical slots formed as slots and a central hole and resulting contact disc ring;

FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional view of an open, two-stage contact system in plan view and side view, consisting of four contact disks with coils, two connecting pieces, a connecting bolt and a connecting bolt;

Figure 15 is a three-dimensional view of a one-half contact disc assembly, in the non-closed state of the switch, partially cut away;

16 shows the plan view of a contact disk, with the spiral-shaped coils superimposed sine. FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional representation of two contact disks 1 with the switch open with helical slots 2 in the contact disc 1 after a so-called. Golden spiral and power connections 4. The slots 2 in the contact disc 1 form coils 3, between which an arc can burn. When a voltage is applied, the coils can

3 of the contact discs 1 generate an axially resulting magnetic field, with which with increasing contraction of the arc, not shown, can be increased.

In another contact disc arrangement radial magnetic fields are generated, with the radial magnetic field components of an arc is forced with increasing distance from the power connection of the coil 3 and the contact disc 1 for circulation.

The slits 2 follow a logarithmic spiral, which is an omnipresent form in nature. The radius r of these spiral slots 2 or coils can be calculated with the following formula: *) = a - e ^b - * [i]

Where e * ^: 2,718 ... (Euler's number e) and a and b are parameters that can take on any real, imaginary, real, complex, transformed, modified, or other number. Preferably, real numbers and fractions from minus infinity to plus infinity are to be used. It is good to use amounts less than 100, better still less than 25, and especially well below 10.

The encircling angle can also assume any real, imaginary, real, complex, transformed, modified or other numbers. Also preferred are real numbers and fractions from minus infinity to plus infinity become. The angle ® runs from minus infinity, preferably from zero to infinity, depending on how big the spiral should be.

A special form of the logarithmic spiral is the golden spiral, also known as Fibonacci spiral, which occurs naturally in the natural growth of, for example, some snail shells, the human auricle or sunflower. The following values are assigned to the parameters from function 1:

_ 2

a ^■ e = «j> _U nd n

This results in the function [2] for calculating or describing the spiral: ι <φ) = φ «[2]

It is

(golden section) and - 180 ° 3,142 ..

Again, the angle Ψ is defined as in formula [1] and basically runs from zero to infinity, depending on how big the spiral is. Will now one of these spirals around the

Angle α shifted or rotated, resulting in several spirals, each offset by the angle. Since the sum of the angles of a circle is 360 °, four golden spirals make a symmetrical arrangement. This arrangement of spirals can be found on a contact disk 1 in the coils 3, which are formed by the slots 2 in the contact disks 1. The material thickness X and the diameter D of a contact disc 1 is freely selectable.

In the contact disks 1 according to the invention, there is at least one spiral slot 2 which, in turn, forms a coil 3. In this case, the lengths of the slot 2 or the coil 3 can be designed arbitrarily. The slot 2 of the spiral would theoretically run to its center, ie the zero point of the origin of the spiral on the contact disk 1. However, it has been shown that the slots 2 and the coils 3 should only have a certain radius in order to be able to ensure sufficient mechanical stability in the center Z 'of the contact disk 1.

Since the slots 2 can theoretically grow into coils 3 to infinity, this slot or coil arrangement is suitable for any contact disk size. The contact discs may be round, oval, elliptical or polygonal, but round contact discs are the preferred variant. The resulting contact disk 1 results in one or more coils 3 or coil-shaped winding from radially outside to the center Z 'of the contact disk 1, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Depending on how many the power connections 4 are provided for the contact disk 1, one or more slots 2 or coils 3 may be provided in a contact disk 1. That is, the displacement angle α can be changed arbitrarily, but a symmetrical displacement and thus symmetrical arrangement of the slots 2 or coils 3 in the contact disk 1 is recommended.

Also, the zero point 11 of the coordinate system of the spiral or its origin, all or any the individual slots 2 on the contact plate 1 freely selectable, but also the center 12 of the contact disc 1 is recommended for all slots 2 and 3 coils preferably, as shown in Figure 3. The contact discs 1 may be provided with five and or six coils 3 and slots 2. Since ^¬ at zuachten is that sufficient mechanical stability is guaranteed to the center of the contact pad. 1 FIG. 2 shows by way of example the plan view and the side view of a contact disk 1 with six equally long slots 2 and coils 3. However, the slots 2 are made somewhat wider, where D is the diameter and X is the material thickness of the contact disk 1.

In a circuit breaker are parallel two contact discs 1 as possible opposite in a Vakuumsehaltkammer, or vacuum tube, not shown. The one or more power connections 4 of the contact - discs 1 are at the outer edge, preferably on the underside of the contact discs 1, attached.

FIG. 1 further shows the power connections 4 and 4a at the contact disks 1 and 1a. The power connections 4 and 4a are preferably connected to the coils 3 and 3a of the contact disks 1 and la, respectively. For example, slotted axial magnetic field contact bodies for vacuum circuit breakers can be used well as power connection 4 or 4a for the contact disks 1 or 1a. The contact lenses 1, 1a according to the invention are preferred - so attached to the pot-shaped contact bodies 13 and 13a, that the slots of the contact discs preferably in the slots 2, 2a of the contact body 13, 13a open. The spiral-shaped slots 2 and 2a or coils 3 and 3a in the contact disc 1 and 1a produced by the invention thus lengthen the coils 3 and 3a of the contact bodies 13 and 13a in the same direction of rotation. But it can also be other contact body than power connector 4 for the contact discs 1 and la and coils 3, 3a use well.

In one switch, not shown, one or more contact disks 1 according to the invention may face one another or a plurality of contact disks 1 arranged correspondingly. Preferably, however, is always a contact disk 1 with a correspondingly different contact disk la opposite.

The chamber or tube in which the contact discs 1, 1a face each other can be filled with normal air consisting mostly of nitrogen, with other insulating gases, e.g. Sulfur hexafluoride or with liquids, such as insulating oil to be filled. The pressure of these gases or liquids can be arbitrary; A pressure of less than 500 bar is recommended.

Preferably, the contact discs 1, la are in a vacuum interrupter chamber or vacuum tube. The pressure that vacuum should be as small as possible and a value of about 10 ^"not exceed ² mbar. Particularly, a vacuum with a proves Drucik of substantially less than ^{10" 3} mbar.

The contact discs 1 and la are in the closed state of the switch preferably on the entire contact surfaces 14 and 14a which form the surfaces 15 and 15a of the contact discs 1 and la; they carry a AC and / or DC. The contact discs 1 and 1a or the coils 3 are preferably located and 3a in the closed state of the switch as flush as possible above each other. When the contact surfaces 14 and 14a are separated from one another, an arc arises (contact separation of the switch), which contracts with increasing current intensity on the center Z 'of the contact surface 14 and 14a or between the contact disks 1 and 1a (pinch effect). The coils 3 and 3a can be regarded as current path lines of the contact discs 1, la. The coils 3 and 3a are thereby extended because the current path to the center Z 'of the contact discs 1 and la is predetermined by the coil shape.

If the number of turns or winding length of the coil 3 and 3a increases, the magnetic field increases with increasing contraction of an arc which virtually connects the coils 3 and 3a of the contact disks 1 and 1a. The number of turns of the coils 3 and 3a is quasi added, whereby the magnetic fields are superimposed. In the switching gap 16 of the contact discs 1, la is formed parallel to the arc (not shown), an axial magnetic field, which keeps the arc diffused.

The axial magnetic field increases with increasing contraction of the arc, so that this compensates itself in its contraction and thereby significantly better switching properties for the switch and the wear of contact discs 1, la according to the invention-providing switches is substantially reduced.

Since the coils 3 and 3a of the contact disc 1 and 1a generating a magnetic field are in the greatest possible proximity to the arc, this has a positive effect on the arc behavior of the switch.

It is thus new and inventive to use the contact discs 1 and la themselves as coils 3 and 3a or as windings. Coils are defined in physics, inter alia, as windings, which can generate or detect a magnetic field. In this case, a coil with one turn (with a circumference of 360 ° or 2 · π) has the number of turns = 1. Depending on how far the coils or slots according to the invention are designed, the number of turns of the coil can be smaller, equal or greater = 1. In principle, longer coils or spirals (greater number of turns of the coil) of the contact disk produce a stronger magnetic field than short ones. Therefore, the highest possible number of turns is recommended in order to generate the highest possible magnetic field.

Since the cross section of the coils 3 and 3a to the center Z 'of the contact discs 1 and la decreases, the current density to the center Z' is greater, which additionally affects the axial magnetic field to the center Z 'of the contact discs 1 and la positive. In addition, by the coils 3 and 3a or the arrangement of the slots 2 and 2a, the magnetic field at the edge 17 of the contact disks 1 and la substantially increased. The material thickness X of the contact discs 1 and la is arbitrary, however, the mechanical strength and the thermal relief of the contact discs with thicker contact discs better than thin. In principle, the material thickness should be greater than the diameter D of the contact disks 1 and la. Well suited contact discs with X = 0.1 to 80 mm, particularly good from 1 to 10 mm. However, the material thickness X and the diameter D of the contact disks 1 and la depend on the current carrying capacity of the contact disks 1 and 1a or of the contact system used.

The material used for the contact disks 1 and 1 a or coils 3 and 3 a according to the invention is suitable materials. In this case, preferably mechanically strong, electrically and thermally well conductive and erosion resistant materials such as copper, chromium, iron, carbon, stainless steel, tungsten, aluminum, titanium, gold, silver, beryllium, cadmium, lead, gallium, iridium, potassium, Cobalt, lithium, magnesium, sodium, manganese, nickel, osmium, palladium, platinum, strontium, tantalum, thallium, uranium, zinc, tin or molybdenum, etc., as well but not exclusively suitable. These materials can also be mixed as desired. However, it proves to be particularly good to make the contact disks made of sintered copper-chromium, silver-tungsten or copper-tungsten in any mixing ratios. The materials mentioned apply to contact disks 1 and 1a and coils 3 and 3a relating to this invention, connectors 9, electrical connections 4 and connecting bolts 10 and are referred to as material pool M1 in this invention, as shown in an overview in FIG. 14 and FIG is shown. In these figures, the same features have been provided with the same reference numerals for clarity.

The Kathodenfußpunkte and also the anode points, which occur in an arc in the vacuum circuit breaker on the cathode or the anode surface of the contact discs 1 and la, can form and spread evenly on the contact surfaces 14 and 14a. They are not prevented in their way from the inside to the outside of the contact surface by straight slots, but can roll on a natural harmonic spiral track to the outside. Since the material width of the contact discs 1 and la or coils 3 and 3a inside is smaller than the outside, where the current density is higher and thus the arc outward driving force is greater. Since the slots 2 and 2a of the contact discs 1 and la are long according to the invention by the selected spiral shape, the eddy currents, which could be induced by the contact bodies 13 and 13a in the contact discs 1 and la, significantly reduced. This also means that the phase shift of the current and the magnetic field of the contact system is substantially reduced and thus has significantly improved switching properties for a switch provided with the contact disks 1 and 1a.

In order to further reduce the eddy currents in the contact discs 1 and la and to increase the magnetic field at the edge 17 of the contact discs 1 and la, at the edge 17 of the contact discs 1, la in the middle of the coils 3 and 3a additional slots or coils be made of lesser length.

By varying the parameters a and b in the abovementioned formula [1], as well as in formula [2], as well as in the other formulas for describing or calculating the spirals for the coils 3 or slots 2, the shape of the spiral can be arbitrary be changed.

By varying the parameters a and b in the above formula [1], and Φ in the formula [2], as well as in the other formulas for describing or calculating the spirals for slots 2 and coils 3, the shape of the spiral can be arbitrary be changed.

FIG. 3 shows the spiral drawn with formula / function 2 and, for example, $ = 1.34. This results in coils or slot arrangement with four slots 2 and coils 3 for a contact disk 1. As a result, the spiral slots 2 and the coils 3 of the contact disk 1 are extended and the axial magnetic field can be further increased with increasing contraction of the arc.

This also results in a flatter entry angle of the slots 2 from the outside into the contact disk 1, which can worsen the contacting of the power terminals of the contact disk 1 and 3 coils. In order to produce a better entry angle of the slots 2 and thereby better contacting possibilities of the power connectors 4 to the contact discs 1 and coils 3, a transition section 5 may be present at the entrance of the slots 2 or coils 3 at the outer edge of the contact disc.

Such a slot arrangement with, for example, four slots 2 and four transition slot distances 5 is shown in FIG. Here, these transition slot sections 5 are each radially from the outer edge of the contact disk 1 to the center Z ', the zero point of the coordinate system of the spiral executed. However, the pitch, bend, length and number of these transition slot sections 5 can also be arbitrary and be used for all this invention spiral slot arrangements 2 in contact discs 1 and contact - disc sizes.

An exemplary representation of this coil or slot arrangement with rounded transition sections 5 or steeper entry angles from the outside into the contact disk is shown in FIG.

There are many more spirals such as the Fermatian spiral which has the formula or function:

Γ ^Β (φ) = a - φ formula [3] can calculate, and for the coil 3 or slot shapes 2 of the contact discs 1 are well suited. FIG. 6 shows the plan view of a contact wafer 1 with a corresponding coil or slot arrangement. For example, since the formula [3] in this case is a quadratic formula or function with an exponent of n = 2, there are two solutions, namely a positive and a negative spiral.

In other words, the negative spiral is shifted by 180 ° to the positive. In the coil / slot arrangement with the Fermat coil, the material width, that is, the cross section of the coil 3, is from outside to inside, i. to the center of the contact disc 1, larger. As a result, the current density in the outer or edge region of the contact disk 1 or coil 3 is increased, which specifically significantly strengthens the magnetic field in the edge region of the contact system.

As another spiral (coil 3 or slots 2) for the contact discs 1 is e.g. the Archimedean spiral well suited to the formula / function:

Γ (φ) = 3 ^{, η} · φ ⁰ [4]. Where n is the exponent of the circumferential angle Ψ. If n is greater than one, this spiral is similar to the logarithmic spiral.

Another coil which is well suited for the coils 3 / slots 2 of the contact discs 1 is the hyperbolic coil, which is defined by the formula

can be calculated. Another spiral is the Lituus spiral, which deals with the formula

describe, and are well suited for the slotted versions 2 and 3 coils in the contact discs 1. In the formulas or functions [3] through [6], a and Ψ are defined as in the formula [1], where r is the radius of the spiral or coil 3, respectively. The exponent n as well as m in the corresponding formulas can also assume arbitrary and different real, imaginary, transformed, modified or other numbers. However, real numbers are preferably used, with all amounts of numbers and fractions being from minus infinity to plus infinity. Again, it proves to be good to use an amount less than 100, better still less 25 and especially well less than ten.

Another spiral is the spiral of the theodorus (root snail), which consists of right-angled triangles with the side lengths

1, VT, m + 1, [4] is generated.

Here m runs from zero to infinite after how big the spiral / coil becomes. A root screw is also possible, wherein the spiral for the slot shapes 2 and 3 coils for contact discs 1 is well suited. But there are many other spirals such as the Ulam spiral, the triple spiral, the Eulerian spiral, the Galilean spiral, the Archimedes spherical spiral, the loxodromes, the helix or the clothoid (Cornu spiral), to name just a few, which are well suited for the calculation and design of coils 3 for contact discs 1 and their slots 2 to generate a magnetic field with the coils 3 of the contact - discs 1 and to suppress the eddy currents in the contact discs 1.

By varying the parameters a and b in the above-mentioned formula or function 1, and Φ in formula or function [2], as well as a, n, and m in the other formulas or functions for describing or Calculation of the slots / coils, the shape of the slots or coil can be changed arbitrarily. This makes the shape, size and pitch of the spiral steeper or flatter, depending on how much the spiral grows, so that all possible one, two, three or more dimensional spirals (also freehand or with elliptical and / or circular or other constructed spirals) in the one, two, three or more dimensional coordinate system are included to produce coils 3 in contact discs 1 ,. However, it is recommended to use the specified formulas or functions for calculation or design.

The slots or coils can be designed to be harmonious or angular, but harmonic trained slots and thus harmoniously formed coils are preferred but not exclusively used.

In FIG. 7, the plan view of a round contact disc 1 with six angular slots 2 or coils 3 is shown. The length of the straight rows The distances which form the angular slots 2 or coils 3 are arbitrary, so that in certain regions of the contact disk 1, the cross section of the material, ie the cross section of the coil 3 or the contact disk 1, is specifically tapered and / or can be increased at our site.

As a result, the current density in specific regions of the contact disk 1 can be influenced in a targeted manner, so that the size of the magnetic fields resulting from the contact disks 1 or coils 3 can be selectively controlled and influenced in certain areas of the contact disk 1 and thus also in the switching gap 16 of the switch , The edges or corners of these angular coils 3 or slots 2 can also be rounded off, as shown in FIG.

The number, lengths, shapes (angular or edged or harmonious) and sizes of the coils (coils or slots) of the contact disk 1 can be arbitrary. The width of the slots 2 and the coil 3 is arbitrary. However, the exemplified contact discs with coils 3 or slots 2 with the selected parameters are exceptionally good, but not exclusively suitable.

In principle, the width of the slots of the contact disc should not be wider than 30% of the diameter of the contact disc. Well suited slot widths between 0.1 and 80 mm, even better between 1 and 10 mm. However, the width of the slots 2 also depend on the safely switched on and off currents and voltages of the switch.

All contact disks with spiral coils or slot designs according to the invention may have one or more transition slot sections 5. Also, the coils 3 and slots 2 can be offset, moved or rotated as desired with the displacement angle α. In addition, the zero point of the coordinate system as the origin of the spirals and thus the slots 2 and 2a in the contact disc 1 and la is freely selectable.

The coils 3 may have a right and / or a left direction of rotation. It is only important that when facing the contact discs 1, la, they face each other so that an axial magnetic field can be generated.

Basically, the material thickness of the contact disk over the entire surface is the same. However, in order to achieve a targeted ignition of the arc at the center 12 of the contact disk 1 in the separation of the contact surfaces, the center 12 of the contact disk 1 may be formed increased.

The side view and top view of such a contact disk 1 is shown in FIG. Since the diameter D of the contact disk 1 is arbitrary, depending on which current and voltage range the contact disk is to be used, the dimensions for the material thickness X, the increase Y and the diameter Z of the increase Y are arbitrarily variable. In principle, the increase Y of the contact disk 1 should not be greater than the diameter D of the contact disk 1. It proves to be advantageous that the increase Y should be relatively small but larger than the material thickness X of the contact disk 1. It is proposed to choose the increase Y of 1.1 to five times the measure of the material thickness X of the contact disk 1. The diameter Z of the increase Y is dependent on the intended rated current carrying capacity or the continuous current carrying capacity of the contacts. The Raising Y can be round, oval, polygonal or configured in any other form, but it is preferred for the profile of the outer profile of the contact disc 1 is taken. Also, the edges 18 of the contact disc

1, which arise from the increase Y, be rounded to avoid inhomogeneous electric fields between opposing contact discs 1, la in the switching gap 16. The radius of the increase Y is freely selectable. In principle, the radius of the increase Y should not be greater than the diameter D of the contact disk 1. The side profile of the contact disk 1 can also be designed as a Rogowski profile, as a partially round, teilkugel-, teilelliptisches-, teilparabelförmiges, produced with other mathematical functions or formulas and / or another profile. However, the contact discs are preferably flat and / or provided with an increase. The contact discs 1 and 1a may e.g. be bent or pressed or punched into the appropriate shape, or be made of a solid piece. In order to keep the material costs and production costs as low as possible, the bent or pressed or punched variant (bent elevation) is recommended. This means that in the bent or pressed or stamped form, the material thickness of the contact disks 1 and 1a is the same everywhere, despite the increase Y. The workpieces serve as stamps for the bending, punching or pressing device for the contact disks to be manufactured.

The increase Y of the contact disk 1 or the contact disk 1 without an increase can be achieved by an insulator below the elevation or below the Kon¬ To prevent a bending or compression over a long period of time, since the contact discs 1 could bend or compress at several switching operations due to the mechanical stress, as well as the strong heating, as well as the current forces. Therefore, this is not shown arranged relatively centrally under the contact disc 1.

The insulator is made of mechanically stable, heat-resistant and electrically very poorly conductive materials. These include, inter alia, various composites, poorly conductive metals, ceramics or glass which are referred to in this invention as material pool M2. In the case of ceramics or glass, connection measures to other materials, in particular to the contact disks, connecting pieces and bolts from material pool M1 are known and tested. The ceramic or glass surfaces can be metallized by screen printing or vapor deposition, so that a soldering with the other workpieces (contact discs, etc.) is possible.

All of the invention related edges of the contact discs 1, connectors 9 and bolts 10 may be rounded in shape or half or all round. For example, a contact disk 1 designed with rounded edges as an example has six coils 3 or spiral slots 2, for example.

Instead of slots 2 in the contact disks 1, all slit forms 2 or coils 3 of the contact disks 1 relating to the invention can also be realized with holes 6, as shown in FIG. The holes 6 are made along the spirals. These holes 6 may be round, oval, or polygonal and / or threaded, such as a fine thread, a metric thread, or a thread, etc., be procured. However, non-threaded round holes are preferably used to keep manufacturing costs low.

The distance of the holes 6 from each other is arbitrary. In addition, the diameter and the number of holes 6 in the contact disk 1 are arbitrary. Well but not exclusively suitable are holes with a diameter of 0.1 to 100 mm, better still between 1 and 10 mm. The hole diameter also depends on the current and voltage level of the switch.

The contact disc 1 can also be connected to both holes 6 and 2 slits with each other or unconnected. Slots 2 are formed between the holes 6, which connect or not connect the holes with each other but also do not connect. Both embodiments are conceivable and executable in a contact disc 1.

In addition, self-contained spiral slots may be formed in the contact disks 1 to the holes 6 and / or the holes connected to slots 2. The slits 2 and holes 6 of the invention may be through-holes or through-slits or worked only partially into the material (blind holes and / or blind slits) or other shape, e.g. be wedge-shaped.

A form is the difference to its environment. Preferably, however, the slots 2 and holes 6 are formed continuously in the contact plates 1. The slots 2 or coils 3 can also be formed only partially, consisting of sections of slots 2 or coils 3, in the contact discs. A running with partial sections of slots 2 KontaktScheibe 1 is shown in Figure 11. The lengths of the sections are arbitrary. A contact disk 1 with slots 2 or coils 3 of different lengths and different zero points of the respective coordinate system belonging to the spiral, the origin of the spiral or coil has also been shown in FIG.

Another exemplary contact disc 1 has different lengths, shapes, directions of rotation, slot 2 (holes, sections, hole slot slots and consistently running slots) with different coordinate systems / origins of the spirals. The longest slot is still made with a transition section 5 at the edge (entry into the contact disk). This slot changes after a certain length, the shape and the sense of rotation of its spiral shape.

Since the slots 2 and 3 coils can be present in any number, size, width, pitch in harmonic or angular shape and length in the contact disc 1, this coil or slot arrangement is universal for all contact disc sizes and any diameter of the contact disc for switches These are particularly suitable for vacuum switches for generating or amplifying a magnetic field, in all current and voltage levels, for DC and AC voltage, for direct and alternating current, with all frequencies and harmonics for all contact strokes ie Contact distances in the open state of the switch, can be used.

The contact distance of the opened contact disks 1 depends on the voltage to be switched on and off and the switched currents. Especially good, but not exclusive are the contact discs 1 of the invention for voltages greater than 10 volts and very good for voltages greater than 1000 volts (high voltage VDE) and currents greater than 1 amp and especially good for currents greater than 1000 amps for all types of switches, such as circuit breakers, Load switches, circuit breakers, earthing switches, earthing disconnectors, circuit breakers, switch disconnectors, fuse disconnectors, circuit breakers, circuit breakers, switches and pushbuttons, and switching devices and protective devices, such as relays, contactors, motor protection switches, motor protection relays, circuit breakers, earth leakage circuit breakers, with different operations (such as electromagnetic drives, mechanical Drives, by hand, electrochemical drives, chemical drives, etc.).

The contact discs 1 according to the invention can also be used as an axial magnetic field generating contact discs in conjunction with a radial magnetic field generating contact bodies as a power connection. That is, it is proposed to arrange the contact discs as shown in FIG. 6, so that they generate an axial magnetic field, and the power connections (radial magnetic field contact body) generate a radial magnetic field.

As a result, a diffuse arc generated by the axial magnetic field of the contact disks 1 according to the invention is generated between the contact surfaces, which is simultaneously driven around by the slotted radial magnetic field contact bodies, the power connections for the contact disks, on the contact disk 1 or in the switching gap. Preferably, the slots of the contact discs 1 in which the contact body open. This results in a novel Radial Axial Magnetic Field Contacting System (RAMF), which combines the advantages of each different techniques and thereby significantly increases the switching capacity of contact systems. Such a RAMF contact system is not known.

In addition, it is proposed to arrange the contact disks 1 according to the invention so that they generate a radial magnetic field, namely a magnetic field which compels the arc to circulate on the contact disk in the switching gap of the circuit breaker. This means that the contact surface of the one contact disk, the top view of that contact disk, and the contact surface opposite this contact surface, the mirrored top view or the rear view of the contact disk, is then mirrored to one of the two contact disks.

It is generated with the inventive contact discs 1 and the resulting coils 3 a forced the arc for circulation radial magnetic field in the manner of a Maxwell coil (anti-Helmholtz coil). According to the invention, the current flows through the coils 3 of the contact disks 1 connected in the opposite direction through the arc, that is to say it has an opposing current flow.

In this case, the power connection is usually fixed in the middle of the contact disc on the underside thereof, so that the arc moves from the inside to the outside along the slots. It is preferably proposed to attach the or the power connections to the outer edge of the underside of the contact disc.

It is also proposed to use the axial magnetic fields generating contact body as a power connection so, wherein the slots of the contact discs preferably open into the slots of the contact body. This means that the contact disks 1 or coils 3 according to the invention generate a magnetic field which circumscribes the arc in the switching gap on the contact surface, which is kept diffused by the contact body generating an axial magnetic field.

This results in a novel axial-radial magnetic field contact system (ARMF), which also combines the advantages of the respective different technologies and significantly increases the switching capacity of contact systems. An ARMF contact system, like the RAMF contact system, is not yet known.

In addition, it is proposed to mount the power connection bolt in the middle region on the underside of the contact disk

The slots 2 and coils 3 of the contact disc 1 produced by the spirals according to the invention produce a substantially stronger radial component than the conventional radial magnetic field contact systems. The created coils 3 or slots 2 are much longer. As a result, the rotational speed of the arc on the contact disk 1 is substantially increased, which leads to a greater thermal discharge of the contact system. Thus, the switching performance of such contact systems can be significantly increased.

It is further proposed to connect the inventive RAMF and ARMF contact systems for generating radial magnetic fields. This results in 15 novel contact systems that produce inner contact body elements. In this case, outer contact body elements according to the invention are provided. The radial or axial and the inner contact body elements coils or contact discs or contact disc Rings a radial or axial and provided for the outer contact body elements erf indungsgemäßen coils or contact discs or contact disc rings a radial or axial magnetic field. The abbreviations A stand for axial, R for radial and MF for magnetic field. FIG. 16 shows, as a further variant, the plan view of a contact disk, with a sine overlying the spiral-shaped coils.

The radial magnetic field contact bodies can be attached to the contact disk 1, 1a according to the invention such that the coils 3 and 3a of the contact disks 1 and 1a, the coils 3, 3a extend the contact bodies 13 and 13a, the slots 2 and 2a of the contact disks 1 and la preferably in which the contact bodies 13 and 13a open. In this case, the contact disk 1, a hole 7 preferably be associated with a through hole, as shown in Figure 13 in a plan view. The diameter of the hole 7 is arbitrary and depends on the diameter D of the contact disk 1 and their current and voltage parameters.

A contact disk 1 with slots 2 or coils 3 of different lengths and different zero points of the respective coordinate system associated with the spiral is shown in FIG. FIG. 13 shows the plan view of such a contact disk 1 with a hole 7 in the center 12 of the contact disk 1. The hole diameter is arbitrary and depends on the diameter of the contact disc as well as its current and voltage parameters. Well, but not exclusively, hole diameters between 2% and 98% of the diameter of the contact disc are suitable. However, the proportions shown in FIG. 13 are good, but not exclusively, with respect to the diameter of the contact disk. suitable. This hole 7 may be present in any position in the contact disc 1 and round, oval, or polygonal and / or with a thread (eg, fine thread, metric thread, inch thread, etc.) be procured. With the hole 7, an annular contact disc (contact disc ring) is generated. The lengths of the spiral slots 2 and the coils 3 and their shape and designs in the contact disc ring 1 as with the other contact discs with the invention described coils / slots are arbitrarily long. The spiral slots of the contact disc preferably open in the slots of the contact body. Due to the spiral slots induced eddy currents are significantly suppressed in the contact discs. In addition, the arc forced to circulate the magnetic field is further increased and thereby significantly increases the rotational speed of the arc. This results in a thermal relief for the contact system, which allows greater switching performance and has a reduced erosion of the contact discs result.

14 shows the contact disk 1 in a three-dimensional representation of an open, two-stage contact system consisting of four contact disks 1 with coils 3, two connecting pieces 9 and one connecting bolt 10 and one connecting bolt 8. For the sake of clarity, the same features are given the same reference numerals designated.

FIG. 15 shows a three-dimensional one-half-step arrangement of an opened contact system, partially cut away. Here too, for the sake of clarity, the same features are provided with the same reference numerals. The contact disks 1 are connected via a respective connecting bolt 10, which is arranged centrally between the contact disks 1, miteinan- the connected. The power connection takes place via the power connections 4 for the coils 3 of the contact disk

Figure 16 is a schematic representation of another embodiment of the contact disc 1 according to the invention in a plan view, wherein the spiral used to determine the slots 2 and the coils 3 has been calculated with superimposed sine.

reference numeral

1, la contact disc or contact disc ring

2, 2a spiral slot

3, 3a spiral coil

4, 4a power connection for the coils for the contact disc

5 transition slot route or transition section

6 holes along the spiral or screw lines

7 holes of a resulting contact disc ring

8 connecting bolts for the contact disks

9 Connector between contact discs

or coils

10 connecting bolts between contact disc

or coil

11 zero point

12 center point

13, 13a contact body

14, 14a contact surface

15, 15a surface

16 switching gap

17 edge

18 edges

D Diameter of the contact disc

x material thickness of the contact disc

y increase the contact disc

Z Diameter of contact disc elevation Y

Z 'center of the contact disc

Claims

claims

Contact system for closing and opening electrical circuits with a switch, comprising at least two connecting pins, which are each connected to at least two contact bodies, which generate an axial magnetic field when applied to a voltage and formed as running between two slots spiral coils and each having at least one Contact - disc for generating an arc are operatively connected, characterized in that the coils (3) and slots (2) of a contact disc (1) are formed spirally, the contact discs

(1) have curves and surfaces which extend around a point arbitrary on the contact disc (1) and move away or approach this point depending on their running direction, the coils

(3) the contact disc (1) generate an axial resultant magnetic field which is increased with increasing contraction of the arc so that the arc rolls on a natural harmonic path following the helical slots (2).

Contact system according to claim 1, characterized in that in a contact disc arrangement for generating radial magnetic fields, the radial magnetic field component with increasing distance of the arc from the power terminal of the contact - the arc the arc forcing radial magnetic field is increased, so that the arc on the natural harmonic career rolls off. Contact system according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the radius of the coils (3) and of the slots (2) of the contact disk (1) are logarithmically formed and can be calculated according to the equation r (p) = a · e ^{b r} ,

Contact system according to claim 3, characterized in that the parameters a and b of the equation are real, imaginary, real, complex, transformed, modified or other numbers.

Contact system according to Claim 4, characterized in that all amounts of numbers, numerical values and fractions from minus infinity to plus infinity can be used for calculating the spirals.

Contact system according to claim 4, characterized in that the numerical values for the parameters a and b of the equation q) = a · are less than one hundred, less than twenty-five or less than ten.

Contact system according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle Ψ of the equation τ {φ) = a - e ^{b'9 is} a real, imaginary, real, complex, transformed, modified or other number from minus infinity to plus infinity.

Contact system according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that one of

Spirals or slots is arranged offset by an angle α, so that this results in several spirals or slots whose sum of angles is 360 °.

9. contact system according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact disc is round, oval, elliptical or polygonal.

10. Contact system according to claim 1, characterized in that the spirals of the contact disc (1) are formed by holes of different diameters and shapes, which extend in continuous or interrupted form, different length, size and width.

11. Contact system according to claim 10, characterized in that the contact disc (1) has a central elevation (Y), which serves to produce a contact disc ring (7).

12. Contact system according to claim 1, characterized in that the opposing contact discs (1) are a Helmholtz coil, which form an axial magnetic field in accordance with applied voltage.

13. Contact system according to claim 12, characterized in that at an axial magnetic component and a contracting magnetic arc, the length of the current path of the contact disc and the length of the Helmholtz coil increases and the axial magnetic field is increased with increasing arc contraction.

14. Contact system according to claim 2, characterized in that the arc forcing on the contact disc compelling magnetic field is a radial magnetic field, which forms a Maxwell coil when confronting the contact discs.

5. Contact system according to claims 2 to 14, characterized in that the contact system is a radial -Axial magnetic field contact system (RAMF), which consists of a radial magnetic field generating contact body as a power connection for the contact disc and an axial magnetic field generating contact disc, said the contact disc is secured to the contact body.

6. Contact system according to claims 1 and 3 to 14, characterized in that the contact system is an axial-radial magnetic field contact system (ARMF), which consists of an axial magnetic field generating contact body as a power connector for the contact disc (1) and a radial magnetic field generating contact disc (1), wherein the contact disc is fixed to the contact body, that the slots (2) of the contact body are arranged opening in which the contact disc.

7. Contact system according to claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the axial magnetic field over the coil and turns of the contact disc can be generated and consists of more than one contact disc, at least one connecting piece and a connecting bolt, wherein the connecting pieces are formed from spiral tracks.

8. Contact system according to one or more of the preceding claims 1 to 17, characterized in that are provided as connections of capacitors to the contact systems reactive power compensation.

9. contact system according to claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the contact disc, the Slots and the coil milled, bent or punched or molded integrally with a corresponding shape.

0. Contact system according to claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the width of the slots (2) of the contact disc (1) is not wider than 30% of the diameter of the contact disc (1).

1. Contact system according to claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the contact system comprises a circuit breaker, a load switch, a disconnect switch, a grounding switch, a grounding circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, a fuse switch disconnector, a circuit breaker, a main switch or a switch and push button is.