WO2013135990A1

WO2013135990A1 - Clutch-sleeve control for a gearbox, comprising an over-center device

Info

Publication number: WO2013135990A1
Application number: PCT/FR2013/050444
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Wascheul; Marc Giannoni; Aurélien Renault
Original assignee: Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa
Priority date: 2012-03-14
Filing date: 2013-03-01
Publication date: 2013-09-19
Also published as: FR2988153B1; FR2988153A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a clutch-sleeve control for a gearbox including a sleeve (26), which slides axially over a shaft, as a result of the pivotal movement of a fork (20), so as to cause the teeth of said sleeve to engage with complementary teeth for enabling a pinion to be coupled to the shaft thereof, said control (1) comprising an electromagnetic actuator (2), the core of which is slidable, characterized in that the control comprises an over-center device (6) pivoting about a stationary pivot (8), which is actuated by the core so as to in turn drive the fork (20) via a resilient linkage including a retracting spring (14) that is compressed beyond a certain load.

Description

CRABOT CONTROL OF A GEARBOX, COMPRISING

A TIPPER

The present invention claims the priority of the French application 125231 1 filed March 14, 2012 whose content (text, drawings and claims) is here incorporated by reference.

The present invention relates to a gearbox clutch control, in particular for the motorization of a motor vehicle, and a motor vehicle comprising this type of control.

[ooo3] Certain types of motor vehicles have clutch gearboxes connecting the engine to the driving wheels, which include a neutral position, as well as different gear ratios.

[ooo4] A jaw gearbox can in particular be adapted for a hydrostatic traction motor, since it is possible to adjust the torque and the speed of this motor in a precise manner in order to adjust the speed of input of the gearbox. , and allow a commitment of the dogs smoothly.

[ooo5] In addition, jaw transmissions with no relatively bulky synchronization device are more compact and more economical.

[ooo6] A known type of gearbox claws, presented in particular in US-B1-6173621, comprises different shafts supporting free sprockets, which can each be engaged by the axial sliding of a sleeve connected in rotation with the shaft, comprising inner teeth which fit on complementary teeth of the pinion. [Ooo7] An actuator is directly connected to one end of a tilting fork about a fixed axis, the other end of this fork having the fork comprising two separated fingers which are engaged in an annular groove of the sleeve, along a diameter of this groove, for axially displacing the sleeve.

A problem that arises is that this arrangement comprising an actuator directly linked to the fork, does not allow the mounting of the actuator in different positions, the possibilities of implantation are limited.

[Ooo9] Also according to a known provision, the actuator comprises an electromagnet biased by a return spring, which makes a traction on the fork when it is powered. [ooi o] The sleeve teeth generally comprise a forward-sloping shape comprising slopes, which push on similar slopes of the sprocket teeth when these teeth are aligned, in order to generate a torque in rotation on these two elements which rotates relatively relative to each other in a phase called devirage, to change the alignment of these teeth giving an offset allowing their final commitment.

[ooi i] However, the electromagnetic shareholder may be stopped in an intermediate position when the teeth are aligned during the unwinding phase, and prevent the advancement of the sleeve. Stopping this actuator then poses a problem because it must then resume its race when the teeth are shifted, and this restart is relatively slow. The final engagement of the teeth then takes a long time.

The present invention is intended to avoid these disadvantages of the prior art. [ooi 3] It proposes for this purpose a dog clutch control of a gearbox comprising a sleeve sliding axially on a shaft under the effect of the pivoting of a fork, to engage teeth of this sleeve on complementary teeth allowing to bind a pinion on its shaft, this control comprising an electromagnetic actuator whose core slides, characterized in that it comprises a rocker pivoting about a fixed pivot, which is actuated by the core to drive in turn the fork by an elastic connection comprising an erasing spring compressing beyond of some effort. An advantage of the dog control according to the invention is that the rocker interposed between the electromagnetic actuator and the fork, allows different implantations of this actuator. In addition, when the dog is stopped axially by its teeth which abut on the teeth of the pinion, the electromagnetic actuator can continue to advance by compressing the erasing spring, allowing the sleeve time to perform its deviation without stop this actuator.

The dog control according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following features, which can be combined with each other. Advantageously, the rocker is held by the fixed pivot in a central portion, one of its ends being connected by a pivot at one end of the core of the electromagnetic actuator, the other end being connected by another pivot to the spring. erasure.

Advantageously, the erasing spring is a helical spring which surrounds a pusher having a shoulder pressing one side of this spring, the other side of this spring bearing on a support connected to the fork.

The support linked to the fork may be a jumper in the shape of a "U", guiding the pusher by a hole in the center of the rider, the connection with the fork having a pivot comprising an axis attached to the back of the arms of this jumper, in the plane of the pusher which crosses this axis by a bore forming a second guide of this pusher.

Advantageously, the end of the rocker connected to the erasing spring is connected by a pivot to the pusher. Advantageously, the neutral position including the clutch released, is held on the sleeve by a spring resting in "V" shaped dead center grooves.

Advantageously, the engaged position is maintained on the sleeve by a spring bearing in engagement grooves, successively comprising a slope which facilitates the engagement of the sleeve, and a flat.

Advantageously, the electromagnetic actuator comprises a core biased to rest by a spring towards the neutral position. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle having a gearbox driven by a motor, the reports of this gearbox being engaged by claws controlled by a clutch control having any of the preceding characteristics.

In particular, the engine may be a hydrostatic engine that can work in pump.

The invention will be better understood and other features and advantages will appear more clearly on reading the following description given by way of example and without limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: · the Figure 1 is an overall view of a dog drive according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of this clutch control;

FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the elastic connection;

FIG. 4 is a view in axial section of the clutch; FIGS. 5a to 5e successively show different relative positions of the teeth during engagement of the clutch; and

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an alternative sleeve control. Figures 1 to 3 show a control clutch 1, comprising an electromagnetic actuator 2 having a sliding core along the axis A, having a side called conventionally before, noted in Figure "AV". The electromagnetic actuator 2 is powered by an electrical connection 4 located on the rear side,

The electromagnetic actuator 2 comprises a spring which constantly remembers its core forward, so as to place it at rest in a forward position when it is not supplied with power, putting the clutch in neutral. A rocker 6 is fixed in its central part by a fixed pivot 8 to a housing 30 of the control 1, its lower end is connected by a pivot 28 to the front end of the core of the electromagnetic actuator 2, its upper end is connected by a pivot 12 to a pusher 10 disposed parallel to the axis A. In this way, a traction on the core produced by the power supply of the electromagnetic actuator 2, causes a rotation of the rocker 6 around its fixed pivot 8, and a displacement of the pusher 10 forward.

The pusher 10 includes a coil spring 14 which surrounds it, and a shoulder allowing it to push the spring forward. The front side of the erasing spring 14, is supported on an inner face of a jumper 16 in the shape of a "U" guiding the pusher 10 by a hole in the center of this jumper, the lateral faces of this rider returning to the back.

The pusher 10 comprises a stop provided in case of high load on the pusher, not to put the turns of the erasing spring 14 joined, so as not to damage it.

An axis 18 is fixed transversely to the rear of the rider 16, on the lateral faces of the rider, in the plane of the pusher 10 which passes through this axis by a bore forming a second guide of the pusher. A fork 20 is connected to the housing 30 by a pivot 22 disposed transversely below the electromagnetic actuator 2. This fork 20 comprises an upper arm comprising a transverse bore receiving the axis 18 attached to the rear of the rider 16, and a lower fork comprising at each end a finger 24. The fingers 24 are arranged in the transverse annular groove 32 of a sleeve 26, according to a diameter of this groove.

In this way a forward movement of the pusher 10 presses the erasing spring 14, which transmits a force to the fork 20 to tend to rotate around its fixed pivot 22, to move the sleeve 26 rearward.

[0034] Figure 4 shows a shaft hub 50 comprising inner splines which fit on corresponding grooves of a shaft not shown of the gearbox. The outer contour of the shaft hub 50 comprises a first rear washer 52, which is connected to a second front washer 54 axially offset forwards, by three parallel axes 56 regularly spaced. The shaft hub 50 comprises just in front of the rear washer 52, a ring gear 64 comprising on its outer contour teeth. The sleeve 26 is disposed between the two washers 52, 54, it is guided by the three axes 56 therethrough, and can slide axially from one washer to the other under the effect of the displacement of the fork 26.

A pinion hub 40 has the front side of the outer grooves 42, provided to receive a pinion of the gearbox not shown. The outer contour of the rear portion of the pinion hub 40 has teeth 44 receiving internal teeth of the sleeve 26.

The electromagnetic actuator 2 is at rest, the sleeve 26 is forwardly abutting on the front washer 54, its internal teeth remaining only on those 44 of the pinion hub 40, in a neutral position.

An open annular spring 58 held in a circular groove facing outwardly of the sleeve 26, tends to open radially outwardly so as to wedge into the grooves of dead point 60 shaped "V" performed on each of the axes 56, which are turned towards the center of the shaft. In this way, in the absence of a supply current of the electromagnetic actuator 2, the sleeve 26, which is held in neutral position by this annular spring 58 wedged in the three dead-center grooves 60, is maintained.

When the electromagnetic actuator 2 is energized, it moves the sleeve 26 rearward, and its inner teeth engage on the teeth of the ring gear 64, while remaining partially engaged on the outer teeth 44 of the gear hub 40. A pinion gear is thus produced, which is engaged via the shaft hub 50, with the shaft of the gearbox carrying it.

The engaged position is maintained by the annular spring 58, which is keyed in another series of engagement grooves 62 made rearwardly on each of the axes 56. These engagement grooves 62 comprise starting from the before, a slope that facilitates the movement of the sleeve 26 to the rear, and then a flat.

The operation of the clutch control 1 is as follows.

Figure 5a shows the ends of the teeth of the sleeve 26 and the ring gear 64, having pointed-shaped inputs which are opposite one another, and sufficiently spaced axially in the neutral position .

FIGS. 5b to 5e show the tooth entries that come into contact with each other, firstly in an aligned position, then with a greater and greater angular offset due to the pressure maintained on them. slopes of the inputs by the electromagnetic actuator 2, which causes a deviation of the sleeve 26. When the unwinding is finished, we obtain the passage until the end of the interconnection shown in Figure 5e, which must be done as quickly as possible. During the support of the slopes on each other, a slowing or stopping of the stroke of the sleeve 26 during the unwinding phase, which causes a compression of the erasing spring 14 of the control allowing the electromagnetic actuator core 2 to continue its advance without stopping. At the end of the unwinding, the relaxation of this erasing spring 14 gives a strong acceleration to the sleeve 26, which quickly ends the interconnection.

Note that the unscrewing of the sleeve 26 is possible only if the thrust exerted by the fork 20 on the sleeve, is high enough to counter the drive torque of the shaft of the gearbox, and to achieve the angular shift of this tree.

In the case where the thrust on the slopes of the tooth entries just balance the drive torque of the gearbox shaft, a control of the engine torque driving this shaft can be achieved to change this speed, and thus obtain the angular offset of these teeth. It is necessary in this case a rapid control of the engine torque to prevent the teeth refuse to engage in each other, the sleeve 26 keeping a relative speed with respect to the ring gear 64, and the teeth then jumping some to others by generating noise and wear.

At the end of engagement, the slope of the engagement grooves 62 of the pins 56 is calculated not to maintain by means of the annular spring 58 of axial pressure on the sleeve 26, the spring then pressing on the flat part of these throats. This avoids maintaining a friction between the fork 20 and the sleeve 26, which could lead to wear and a higher consumption. Figure 6 shows a variant of the sleeve control 1 comprising an electromagnetic actuator 2 whose axis is arranged vertically, the core being turned downwards. The vertical displacement of the core actuates by a pivot 28 the rocker, which is bent to form in its middle a substantially straight angle comprising the fixed pivot 8. In this way, the vertical movement of the core is converted into a horizontal movement of the pusher 10. The rest of the command remains similar.

The rocker 6 gives this command a great flexibility to implement the electromagnetic actuator 2. [0051] It is also possible for the control to take a type of electromagnetic actuator 2 commonly used to move the starter of a starter of thermal engine, these actuators being produced in large series with reduced costs.

A gearbox with clutch controlled by this type of control, can be performed in a simple and compact because it does not have synchronization devices that are bulky and expensive. It can in particular adapt a hydrostatic engine to achieve a hybrid vehicle, comprising fluid accumulators that can be recharged by the engine working pump. It will be noted that the torque delivered by a hydrostatic motor can easily be controlled, to help the engagement of the jaw teeth in some cases.

Claims

1 - Gearbox clutch control comprising a sleeve (26) sliding axially on a shaft under the effect of the pivoting of a fork (20), to engage teeth of this sleeve on complementary teeth (64) for linking a pinion on its shaft, this control (1) comprising an electromagnetic actuator (2) whose core slides, characterized in that it comprises a rocker (6) pivoting about a fixed pivot (8), which is actuated by the core to in turn drive the fork (20) by an elastic connection comprising an erasing spring (14) compressing beyond a certain effort.

2 - dog control according to claim 1, characterized in that the rocker (6) is held by the fixed pivot (8) in a central portion, one of its ends being connected by a pivot (28) at one end of the core of the electromagnetic actuator 2, the other end being connected by another pivot (12) to the erasing spring (14).

3 - dog control according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the erasing spring is a coil spring (14) which surrounds a pusher (10) having a shoulder pressing one side of this spring, the other side of this spring bearing on a support (16) connected to the fork (20).

4 - control clutch according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the bracket connected to the fork is a jumper shaped "U" (16), guiding the pusher (10) by a hole in the center of the jumper, the connection with the fork (20) having a pivot comprising an axis (18) attached to the rear of the arms of this jumper, in the plane of the pusher which passes through this axis by a bore forming a second guide of the pusher.

5 - control clutch according to claim 4, characterized in that the end of the rocker (6) connected to the erasing spring (14) is connected by a pivot (12) to the pusher (10). 6 - Control dog according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the neutral position comprising the dog clutch released, is held on the sleeve (26) by a spring (58) resting in the grooves of neutral ( 60) in the shape of a "V".

7 - dog clutch control according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the engaged position is held on the sleeve (26) by a spring (58) resting in engagement grooves (62), successively comprising a slope that facilitates the engagement of the sleeve, then a dish.

8 - control clutch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electromagnetic actuator (2) comprises a core biased to rest by a spring to the neutral position.

9 - A motor vehicle having a gearbox driven by a motor, characterized in that the reports of this gearbox are engaged by jaw controlled by a clutch control performed according to any one of the preceding claims.

10 - Motor vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that the engine is a hydrostatic motor can work in pump.