WO2013125983A1

WO2013125983A1 - Generator with data output

Info

Publication number: WO2013125983A1
Application number: PCT/RU2013/000068
Authority: WO
Inventors: Александр Николаевич МАРТИ; Тимур Жомартович КРЕКЕСОВ; Анна Александровна МАРТИ; Сергей Александрович МАРТИ
Original assignee: Marti Aleksandr Nikolaevich; Krekesov Timur Zhomartovich; Marti Anna Aleksandrovna; Marti Sergey Aleksandrovich
Priority date: 2012-02-21
Filing date: 2013-01-30
Publication date: 2013-08-29
Also published as: RU2012106002A

Abstract

The invention relates to direct current generators for motor vehicles. The aim of the invention is to generate electrical energy, obtain data and generate a fuzzy logic control signal for controlling the data and energy process of the interaction between a wheel and a road surface. In order to achieve this aim, electric current is generated during the process of a reduction in the frequency of the oscillations reached as a result of the tendency, by means of the electromechanical system of the generator, of the energy of a stress state towards a volume tending to zero. The electromechanical system of the generator is compromised of a minimum of two components, one of which induces an increase and the other of which induces a decrease in the frequency of the stress state oscillations, wherein the regions in which each of the components reaches a maximum oscillation frequency coincide. The stress state is a volumetric compression having different linear and volumetric deformation propagation rates, wherein the first component of the electromechanical system of the generator induces an increase and the second element induces a decrease in the linear rate of propagation of the volumetric compression deformation. The data output of the generator is comprised of a resonant circuit with a fixed and/or variable resonance frequency. Furthermore, the resonant circuit is connected to a device for restoring the approximately sine form of the periodic stress oscillations (phase, interphase, or a part thereof) of the generator, and to a device for delimiting the energy processes in the generator and the data processes in the resonant circuit. The resonant circuit is connected by means of an amplifier to a rectifier, the output of which is terminated on a measuring resistor. The claimed device makes it possible to solve conjointly the problems of increasing the performance of a motor vehicle powertrain and obtaining and processing in real-time data about the dynamic and kinematic processes taking place during the motion and control of a motor vehicle.

Description

Generator with information output

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates primarily to automotive electric current generators that convert mechanical motion into electric current.

State of the art

Known electric DC generator, which is a collector electric machine of parallel excitation, operating in the generator mode (GAZ-51 Car. Design and maintenance recommendations. Edited by the Chief Designer of the Gorky Automobile Plant. Moscow, Mechanical Engineering, 1956, 61, 62, 344c).

It is known that the generator mode of operation of such an electric machine is provided by forced mechanical rotation of its rotor and the connection of the stator field winding to the vehicle’s battery through a voltage regulator. Due to the switching of the sections of the windings on the collector, the alternating current pulse generated by such an electric machine is close to the direct current in the form of the acting current (A. P. Prudnikov, Yu. A. Brychkov, O. I. Marichev. “Electrical Engineering”. Textbook for universities. Moscow. Science. 1997. 560s).

The main disadvantage when using collector electric machines of parallel excitation in the generator mode is the flow of power current through the collector assembly, the presence of high-frequency ripples due to the physical principle of current generation, and also the heavy weight caused by the use of a massive steel generator housing as a magnetic circuit. The combination of disadvantages of the known device led to the refusal of the automotive industry to use generators of this type.

Known generator of three-phase alternating electric current with a built-in three-phase rectifier (Buses "Ikarus". Device and technical operation. Ed. Ed. ES Kuznetsova. Moscow. Transport. 1976 288c. (Ikarus 556,260,250,255,180,280). Hungarian foreign trade enterprise "Mogyurt").

This generator is a synchronous electric machine with a block of semiconductor silicon diodes forming an integrated three-phase rectifier (E.V. Mikhailovsky, KB. Serebryakov,

E.Ya. Tour. The device of the car. Moscow. Engineering. 1995 352s).

It is known that the frequency of the alternating voltage generated by a synchronous electric machine is directly proportional to the rotor speed, and the mismatch error between the shaft speed of the synchronous electric machine and the frequency of the generated voltage is practically zero (A.P. Prudnikov, Yu.A. Brychkov, O. AND.

Marichev. "Electrical Engineering". Textbook for universities. Moscow. The science. 1997

560s). However, the design of the specified generator does not allow the existing relationship between the frequency of the generated current and the external load on the shaft of the power unit of the car to organize the control of the power unit of the car.

Meanwhile, the frequency conversion of a physical quantity into an electrical signal is more accurate than amplitude conversion. This is due to the high noise immunity of the frequency modulation, the stability of the standards, the simplicity of converting the frequency into a digital code. In this case, the conversion error decreases with increasing frequency of the signal carrying information about the converted physical quantity (B.I. Kudlak, V.A.

Sitovenko, Yu.N. Turchaninov. Functional converter on digital-to-analog converter chips. "Instruments and experimental techniques." 1998 l. p. 104-115).

However, the well-known designs of the generators do not allow synchronously receiving electric current and generating a control signal for the vehicle’s power unit in the format of fuzzy real-time logic of the course of a controlled physical process (A.K. Frumkin, A.I. Popov, II Alyshev. Modern anti-lock and anti-slip systems of trucks, buses and trailers. Moscow.

TSNIITEIavtoprom 2009g. 246s). The closest technical solution is a synchronous electric generator with an information output (A. Martha, S. G. Zanozin S. G. On the issue of real-time ABS. Automotive Industry N ° 8 2006)

The specified automobile generator with information output contains a stator, a rotor, two covers, a fan and a pulley. The stator magnetic circuit contains protrusions on the inner surface, on which coils are installed, forming a power winding. The windings are connected to the rectifier diode block. Bushes, pole pieces and insulating sleeves of contact rings are pressed onto the shaft of the rotor of the generator. On the sleeve between the pole pieces is an excitation winding, the ends of which are connected to the contact rings with which the brushes in the brush holder interact.

The information channel of the generator is formed by at least one oscillatory circuit with a fixed and / or variable natural frequency. The oscillatory circuit is connected to a recovery device close to the harmonic law of the form of voltage fluctuations (phase, interphase or part thereof) of the generator. The oscillatory circuit is also connected to a device for distinguishing between energy processes in the generator and information processes in the oscillatory circuit.

The disadvantages of the known technical solution is the generation of power electric energy, as well as the receipt and conversion of information about the operation of the vehicle’s power unit at low frequencies of the information and energy process, corresponding to the frequencies of the mechanical movement generated by the vehicle’s power unit (A.N. Marty, TJ. Krekesov, A .A. Marpsh, S. A. Marty. Theory of information and energy process. Moscow. 2011. 60 s).

It is known that the mechanical efficiency of a modern internal combustion engine does not exceed 25% (D. F. Alcock. Heat transfer in diesel engines. Institute of heat transfer and mechanical engineers. London, 1961. 352 s).

It is known that increasing the frequency of generation and conversion of electrical energy leads to a sharp decrease in mass and dimensions, and also to increase the efficiency of generation and conversion of electric energy (KA Krug. Fundamentals of electrical engineering. Theory of alternating currents. Moscow. State Energy Publishing House. 1946. 656s).

It is known that the process of energy extraction and conversion is accompanied by the generation of mechanical and thermal forms of motion (M. Tribus. Thermostatics and thermodynamics. Transl. From English. Moscow. Energy Publishing House 1970. 504s).

Disclosure of the invention

The aim of the claimed invention and the technical problem to be solved is to increase the efficiency in generating electric energy and generating a fuzzy logic control signal by transients in the vehicle’s power unit at the frequencies of thermal motion generated in any process of energy extraction and conversion.

To achieve the stated goal, a generator with an information output provides the generation of electric current in the process of reducing the frequency of oscillations achieved as a result of the aspiration of the generator by the electromechanical system, the stress state energy into the volume, tending to zero. For this, the electromechanical system of the generator is formed by at least two elements, one of which causes an increase, and the other a decrease in the frequency of oscillations of the stress state, while the areas for achieving the maximum oscillation frequency of each element are combined.

The stress state is volumetric compression.

Volume compression (in the case of its consideration in a three-dimensional coordinate system) under the condition of equal stress and strain along three axes is characterized by the intensity of the increment of the volume strain rate directed to the center of the formed spherical region of uniform volume compression.

Volume compression (in the case of its consideration in a three-dimensional coordinate system) in the case of unequal stresses and strains along three axes is characterized by the intensity of the rates of two processes: - the intensity of the increment of the rate of volumetric deformation towards the center (losing its spherical shape with increasing unevenness) of the region of uneven volumetric compression;

- the intensity of the increment of the rate of linear deformation in the direction of the vector of the lowest stress state in the adjacent volume of space.

In this case, the propagation velocities of linear and volumetric deformation are interconnected by the previously accumulated stress state energy in the volume tending to zero.

In order to control the increment rate and the direction of the rates of linear and volumetric deformations before and after the generator is moving by the electromechanical system, the stress energy into the volume tending to zero, the first element of the generator's electromechanical system causes an increase, and the second - a decrease in the linear velocity of propagation of the volumetric compression strain.

The control of the linear velocities of the volumetric stress state is ensured by the implementation of the above-mentioned elements of the electromechanical system of the generator in the form of hollow shell conductors with varying cross-sections that form the intensity and direction of change of the rate of volumetric compression strain.

In order to control the increment rate and the direction of the velocity of linear and volumetric deformations after the generator of a stressed state energy generator moves to a volume tending to zero, the external surface of the named volume is localized within the surface of the hollow inner shell, which transforms the volumetric compression strain into a unidirectional linear strain that manifests itself , in the achieved frequency range, like electric current.

In this case, the center of the volumetric compression strain is aligned with the center of the hollow sphere covering the combined compression regions. The first cross section of the outer shell of the hollow conductor is in communication with a membrane made with a curvature of the surface, which provides the generation of unidirectional volumetric compression strain in the external hollow conductor, the area and mass of the cross sections of which increases, causing a decrease in the frequency of natural vibrations and an increase in the mass involved in the volumetric compression strain, energy which reaches the desired value in the section forming the kink of the surface of the outer shell of the hollow conductor. The intensity of changes in the area and mass of the sections of the outer shell after kink is higher than their intensity before kink.

The receiver forming the electric circuit for the hollow inner shell is made in the form of at least one storage capacitor periodically discharged to an external active and / or reactive load, either directly or by generating any predetermined law of change in voltage and / or current in the load.

List of drawings

The design of the claimed generator is shown in Fig.1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The generator comprises an installation platform 1, an input detector 2 with a predetermined surface curvature and wall thickness, a membrane 3, an acceleration cone 4 with a predetermined surface curvature and wall thickness, an external hollow sphere 5, an internal hollow sphere 6 with a predetermined surface curvature and wall thickness , output channel 7, keys 8 and 9, switch 10, storage capacitor 1 1, active and / or reactive load 12, storage capacitors 13, current limiting resistors 14, ballast resistor 15, oscillatory circuit 16, amplifier 17, rectifier 18, smoothing capacitor 19, measuring resistor 20.

At the same time, the first element of the electromechanical system of the generator in the form of a hollow conductor, mentioned above, causes an increase in the frequency of oscillations of the stress state and an increase in linear velocity propagation of volumetric compression strain, contains a membrane 3, an input detector 2 and an acceleration cone 4.

In this case, the second element of the electromechanical system of the generator in the form of a hollow conductor named above, which causes a decrease in the frequency of oscillations of the stress state and a decrease in the linear velocity of propagation of volumetric compression strain, contains an internal hollow sphere 6, output channel 7, a saturation region formed by storage capacitor 1 1, load 12 , keys 8 and 9, switch 10.

The claimed generator operates as follows.

The installation platform 1, using well-known technical solutions, orientes the generator membrane 3 perpendicularly to the source of external vibrational influence in the region of maximum amplitude of the input vibration. The frequency of the external vibrational influence determines the initial frequency of the generator, determines the size of the membrane and the generator itself, as well as its installation location on the car.

The input detector 2, the acceleration cone 4, and the outer hollow sphere 5 are interconnected by characteristic sections with the formation of a complex spatial structure without the formation of bulk density gradients of the material of the structure. The membrane 3 is facing the source of the external vibrational effect.

In this case, the center of the inner hollow sphere 6 (with a predetermined change rate and the direction of development of volumetric compression deformation) and the center of the outer hollow sphere 5 are aligned with the center of localization of the stress state energy into a volume tending to zero at the top of the acceleration cone 4.

Membrane 3, falling into the region of external vibrational influence, begins to experience spatial deformation, reaching a maximum value in the center of the membrane and directed along the vector of the smallest spatial rigidity of the membrane. The specified deformation leads to the occurrence of diametrical oscillations of the membrane, reaching a maximum value on the outer diameter of the membrane. The described mechanism for the development of spatial deformation of the membrane 3 leads to a change in the direction of the amplitude of the external vibrational influence and to a multiple increase in the deformation force in the first section of the input detector 2, which is the reference for the outer diameter of the membrane. Moreover, the smaller the initial deflection of the membrane (up to a certain limiting functional value), the greater the strain force. (AN Martha. Theory of the operation of shell engines. Moscow. News of the universities Ns 8 2004).

Diametric deformation of the membrane leads to a spatial stress state in the first section of the input detector 2, which is a reference for the outer section of the membrane 3. In this case, the contact angle of the outer end of the membrane 3 with the reference section of the detector 2 is selected from the condition for the generation of a linear strain vector generated by volumetric compression deformation in the material of the detector 2, in the direction tangent to the outer surface of the detector 2.

Considering that the diametric sections of detector 2 form the predetermined intensity of change and the direction of development of the volumetric compression strain in advance, the first saturation region for volumetric compression strain is formed in the characteristic cross section of the inflection of the surface of the detector, at its interface with the acceleration cone 4.

In this case, the predetermined increment of the diameters and thicknesses of the diametrical sections of the detector 2 is selected from the condition of increasing the linear velocity of the volumetric compression strain. In the characteristic section of the interface between the detector 2 and the accelerating cone 4, the linear velocity of the volumetric compression strain reaches its maximum value, which leads to a quadratic increase in the volumetric strain energy in this section.

Given that the contact angle of the surface of the detector 2 with the surface of the accelerating cone 4 is selected from the condition for generating the spatial stress state of the material of the accelerating cone 4 along the tangent to the inner surface of the accelerating cone 4. In this case, the oscillation frequency in the volume of localization of the volume compression deformation increases. Volume Localization of volumetric compression strain are diametric sections of the accelerating cone in the form of rings of non-zero height. The outer diameter, thickness, height of the ring and its mass tend to zero at the top of the cone.

Considering that the diametric sections of the accelerating cone 4 form a predetermined change rate and the direction of development of the volumetric compression strain, a second saturation region is formed at the top of the accelerating cone 4 for the volumetric compression strain.

In the vicinity of the geometric peak of the acceleration cone 4, the process of absolutely hard impact begins to develop during the transformation of the ring volumetric deformation into spherical volumetric deformation in a volume tending to zero. The maximum intensity increment of the linear velocity of volumetric strain achieved in the vicinity of the vertex of the cone 4 and the corresponding quadratic increment of the strain energy is transformed into zero velocity of volumetric strain in the center of the formed region of uniform volumetric compression.

An “instantaneous” stop of volumetric deformation in the volume of the top of the accelerating cone 4, tending to zero, completes an absolutely hard hit with the generation of the maximum frequency in the indicated volume.

The internal hollow sphere 6 with a predetermined surface curvature and wall thickness forms the first saturation region in the process of decreasing the frequency achieved with an absolutely hard impact at the top of the acceleration cone 4, combined with the center of the hollow sphere 5.

The receiver forming the electrical circuit for the inner shell 6 includes an output channel 7, a saturation region formed by the storage capacitor 11, an active and / or reactive load 12, keys 8 and 9, the switch 10.

The process of reducing the frequency and decreasing the linear velocity of the volumetric compression strain is completely similar to that described above, taking into account the direction of the developing process.

Considering that in the process of decreasing the frequency, the intensity of decreasing the linear and volumetric velocities of the uniform volumetric stress state achieved in the center of the volume tending to zero, interconnected, then a second oscillatory process occurs, caused by the self-organization of the process of converting energy into mechanical and thermal forms of motion. The specified process causes the modulation of the mechanical and thermal forms of motion by external load. The specified modulation carries information about the process. (A.N. Marty, T.Zh. Krekesov, A.A. Mapmu, S.A. Marty. Theory of information-energy process. Synthesis of motion. Moscow. 2011. 120 s).

Demodulation is carried out on a resonant circuit connected in parallel with the storage capacitor 1 1. The voltage on the capacitor 1 1 is applied to the electric circuit, which consists of storage capacitors 13, current limiting resistors 14, and ballast resistor 15. An electric current begins to flow in this electric circuit.

It is known that resonance phenomena in an oscillatory circuit during rectangular driving oscillations are characterized by instability and smearing of the peak of the resonance curve. (I.V. Saveliev. Course in General Physics. Moscow. Science. 1973. 512s). In this regard, it is necessary to impose harmonic oscillations on the rectangular shape of the voltage at the output of the reader.

For this purpose, storage capacitors 13 are used. Current-limiting resistors 14 limit the current flowing in the circuit: storage capacitors 13, ballast resistor 15. As a result of the current flowing through the aforementioned electric circuit, a sinusoidal voltage is generated at the ballast resistor 15 with a frequency directly proportional to the rotational speed of the wheel shaft. This voltage is the driving EMF for the oscillatory circuit 16.

When the frequency of the driving emf coincides with the natural frequency of the oscillation circuit 16, the latter causes a sharp increase in the amplitude of the voltage fluctuations and circuit 16 enters into resonance. Current-limiting resistors 14 ballast resistor 15 contribute to the differentiation of energy processes in the reader and information processes in the oscillatory circuit. The amplitude of voltage fluctuations in the oscillating circuit 16 is amplified by an amplifier 17 with a high input impedance. Due to this, the input circuits of the amplifier 17 do not affect the resonant processes occurring in the oscillating circuit 16, and are supplied to the rectifier 18. The rectifier 18 is loaded with a measuring resistor 20 and can be connected to the capacitor 19 to smooth out the ripples of the rectified voltage.

The electric circuit considered above forms the information output of the generator, which contains the following channels:

- the frequency of the alternating voltage on the recovery device close to the harmonic law of the form of periodic fluctuations in the voltage of the generator - information about the kinematic modes of operation of the car engine;

- the amplitude and current value of the alternating voltage on the oscillatory circuit - information about the dynamics of the car;

- the value of constant voltage across the measuring resistor. Real-time formation of fuzzy logic control commands;

- the magnitude of the current flowing through the measuring resistor. Real-time formation of fuzzy logic control commands by transients as a function of the current slip in the contact patch of the wheel with the road surface.

The claimed device allows you to comprehensively solve the problem of obtaining and processing in real time information about the kinematic, dynamic and energy processes that occur when driving and driving at high frequencies of the information and energy process.

Industrial applicability

The present invention is implemented using universal equipment widely used in industry.

Claims

CLAIM

1. A generator with an information output containing kinematic elements that convert the low-frequency torque on the rotor shaft to a constant amplitude of mechanical vibrations with increasing frequency in the electromagnetic system of the generator, the mass of which remains constant during the generation of the electric current, and the information output of the generator materializing the functional relationship of the angular velocity shaft with a frequency of the generated current characterized in that the generation of electric current occurs in the process of reducing the hour the frequencies of oscillations achieved as a result of the aspiration of the energized generator of the stressed state energy into a volume tending to zero, given that in the process of decreasing the frequency mentioned above, the region of the stressed state of compression interacts with the external environment with the appearance of the second oscillatory process of converting energy into forms of motion characterized by unique forms of spectra - information about the current interaction.

2. A generator with an information output according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromechanical system of the generator is formed by at least two elements, one of which causes an increase and the other reduces the frequency of oscillations of the stress state, while the area to achieve the maximum oscillation frequency of each of the elements combined;

3. The generator with the information output according to claim 1, characterized in that the stress state is volumetric compression having different linear and volumetric strain propagation velocities, while the first element of the electromechanical generator system causes an increase and the second decrease in the linear propagation velocity of the volumetric compression strain ;

4. The generator with the information output according to claim 1, characterized in that the above-mentioned elements of the electromechanical system of the generator are formed by hollow shell conductors with varying cross sections forming a gradient of the change in the rate of volumetric compression deformation, reaching a maximum value in the center the stress state of compression in the volume tending to zero, and the outer surface of the named volume is localized within the surface of the inner shell, which transforms the volumetric compression strain into a unidirectional linear strain, manifesting itself as an electric current, and the center of the volumetric compression strain is aligned with the center of the hollow sphere, covering combined compression regions, and the first cross section of the outer shell of the hollow conductor is in communication with a membrane made with a curvature of the surface providing the unidirectional volumetric compression strain in the external hollow conductor, the area and mass of the cross sections of which increases, causing a decrease in the frequency of natural vibrations and an increase in the mass involved in volumetric compression strain, the energy of which reaches the desired value in the cross section forming the bend of the surface of the outer shell of the hollow conductor, the intensity of changes in the area and mass of sections of the outer shell after the inflection point is higher than the intensity of changes in the area and mass of sections to the point ne rebound.

5. A generator with an information output according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiver forming the electric circuit for the inner shell is made in the form of at least one storage capacitor discharged to an external active and / or reactive load, either directly or by forming any in advance of the given law of change in voltage and / or current in the load.