WO2013141596A1 - 트리 구조의 부호화 단위에 기초한 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 방법 및 그 장치, 트리 구조의 부호화 단위에 기초한 스케일러블 비디오 복호화 방법 및 그 장치 - Google Patents
트리 구조의 부호화 단위에 기초한 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 방법 및 그 장치, 트리 구조의 부호화 단위에 기초한 스케일러블 비디오 복호화 방법 및 그 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/30—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using hierarchical techniques, e.g. scalability
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/119—Adaptive subdivision aspects, e.g. subdivision of a picture into rectangular or non-rectangular coding blocks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/184—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being bits, e.g. of the compressed video stream
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/61—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
- H04N19/96—Tree coding, e.g. quad-tree coding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to video encoding and decoding.
- video codec for efficiently encoding or decoding high resolution or high definition video content.
- video is encoded according to a limited encoding method based on a macroblock of a predetermined size.
- Image data in the spatial domain is transformed into coefficients in the frequency domain using frequency transformation.
- the video codec divides an image into blocks having a predetermined size for fast operation of frequency conversion, performs DCT conversion for each block, and encodes frequency coefficients in units of blocks. Compared to the image data of the spatial domain, the coefficients of the frequency domain are easily compressed. In particular, since the image pixel value of the spatial domain is expressed as a prediction error through inter prediction or intra prediction of the video codec, when frequency conversion is performed on the prediction error, much data may be converted to zero.
- the video codec reduces data volume by substituting data repeatedly generated continuously with small size data.
- the present invention performs scalable video coding and scalable video decoding, and more specifically, scalable video coding and scalable decoding using a coding unit having a tree structure.
- a lower layer image is based on coding units having a tree structure including coding units obtained by splitting among coding units in which a maximum coding unit of an image is hierarchically divided.
- Encoding Determining a scalable encoding mode for scalable encoding the upper layer image with reference to the lower layer image based on the coding units of the tree structure; Predicting encoding the higher layer image by referring to encoding information of the lower layer image based on the determined scalable encoding mode; And outputting encoding information of the lower layer image and scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image based on the scalable encoding mode.
- each maximum coding unit is divided into a plurality of coding units, and each coding unit is divided into smaller coding units separately from an adjacent coding unit. Can be determined.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a video encoding apparatus based on coding units having a tree structure, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a video decoding apparatus based on coding units having a tree structure, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a concept of coding units, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an image encoder based on coding units, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an image decoder based on coding units, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram of deeper coding units according to depths, and partitions, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a relationship between coding units and transformation units, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 illustrates encoding information according to depths, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram of deeper coding units according to depths, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 10, 11, and 12 illustrate a relationship between a coding unit, a prediction unit, and a transformation unit, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a relationship between coding units, prediction units, and transformation units, according to encoding mode information of Table 1.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a scalable video encoding apparatus, according to an embodiment.
- 15 is a block diagram of a scalable video decoding apparatus, according to an embodiment.
- 16 is a block diagram of a scalable encoding system, according to an embodiment.
- FIG 17 illustrates an inter-layer prediction method according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 18 illustrates a mapping relationship between a lower layer and an upper layer according to an embodiment.
- 19 is a flowchart of a scalable video encoding method, according to an embodiment.
- 20 is a flowchart of a scalable video decoding method, according to an embodiment.
- 21 is a flowchart of a scalable video encoding method, according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a scalable video decoding method, according to another embodiment.
- a lower layer image is based on coding units having a tree structure including coding units obtained by splitting among coding units in which a maximum coding unit of an image is hierarchically divided.
- Encoding Determining a scalable encoding mode for scalable encoding the upper layer image with reference to the lower layer image based on the coding units of the tree structure; Predicting encoding the higher layer image by referring to encoding information of the lower layer image based on the determined scalable encoding mode; And outputting encoding information of the lower layer image and scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image based on the scalable encoding mode.
- each maximum coding unit is divided into a plurality of coding units, and each coding unit is divided into smaller coding units separately from an adjacent coding unit. Can be determined.
- the scalable video encoding method encodes a lower layer image based on coding units having a tree structure including coding units obtained by splitting among coding units hierarchically divided into a maximum coding unit of an image. step; Determining a scalable encoding mode for scalable encoding the upper layer image with reference to the lower layer image based on the coding units of the tree structure; And based on the determined scalable encoding mode, determine a data unit of the lower layer image to which the data unit of the upper layer refers, and predict the higher layer image by referring to encoding information of the determined lower layer data unit.
- the method may include encoding.
- a scalable video decoding method includes parsing encoding information of a lower layer image and a scalable encoding mode of a higher layer image from a received bitstream; Decoding the lower layer image by using encoding information of the parsed lower layer image based on coding units having a tree structure including splitting coding units among coding units hierarchically divided into maximum coding units. Doing; And predicting and decoding the higher layer image based on the coding units of the tree structure by referring to the lower layer image encoding information according to the scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image.
- the scalable video decoding method may include splitting a lower layer image from among coding units having a maximum coding unit hierarchically divided using encoding information of a lower layer image parsed from a received bitstream. Decoding based on coding units having a tree structure including completed coding units; And determining a data unit of the lower layer image to be referred to by the data unit of the higher layer image according to the scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image parsed from the bitstream, and determining the data unit of the determined lower layer image. And predicting and decoding the higher layer image based on coding units of the tree structure with reference to encoding information.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus may include a lower layer image based on coding units having a tree structure including coding units of which splitting is performed among coding units in which a maximum coding unit of an image is hierarchically divided.
- a lower layer encoder which encodes the L;
- a scalable encoding mode for scalable encoding the upper layer image with reference to the lower layer image based on the coding units of the tree structure is determined, and based on the determined scalable encoding mode, encoding of the lower layer image
- An upper layer encoder configured to predict and encode the higher layer image with reference to information;
- an output unit configured to output encoding information of the lower layer image and scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image based on the scalable encoding mode.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus encodes a lower layer image based on coding units having a tree structure including coding units obtained by splitting among coding units hierarchically divided into a maximum coding unit of an image.
- a lower layer encoder Determines a scalable encoding mode for scalable encoding the higher layer image with reference to the lower layer image based on the coding units of the tree structure, and based on the determined scalable encoding mode, the data unit of the higher layer
- a higher layer encoder configured to determine a data unit of the lower layer image to be referred to and to predictively encode the higher layer image by referring to encoding information of the determined lower layer data unit.
- a scalable video decoding apparatus including: a parser configured to parse encoding information of a lower layer image and a scalable encoding mode of an upper layer image from a received bitstream; Decoding the lower layer image by using encoding information of the parsed lower layer image based on coding units having a tree structure including splitting coding units among coding units hierarchically divided into maximum coding units.
- a lower layer decoder and an upper layer decoder configured to predict and decode the higher layer image based on coding units having a tree structure by referring to the lower layer image encoding information according to the scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus may split a lower layer image from among coding units having a maximum coding unit hierarchically divided using encoding information of a lower layer image parsed from the received bitstream.
- a lower layer decoder to decode based on coding units having a tree structure including completed coding units; And determining a data unit of the lower layer image to be referred to by the data unit of the higher layer image according to the scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image parsed from the bitstream, and determining the data unit of the determined lower layer image.
- a higher layer decoder configured to predict and decode the higher layer image based on coding units of the tree structure with reference to encoding information.
- the present invention includes a computer readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for implementing a scalable video encoding method according to an embodiment.
- the present invention includes a computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for implementing a scalable video decoding method according to an embodiment.
- a video encoding method and a video decoding method based on coding units having a tree structure according to an embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13. 14 to 22, a scalable video encoding method and a scalable video decoding method based on coding units having a tree structure according to an embodiment are disclosed.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a video encoding apparatus 100 based on coding units having a tree structure, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the video encoding apparatus 100 including video prediction based on coding units having a tree structure may include a maximum coding unit splitter 110, a coding unit determiner 120, and an outputter 130.
- the video encoding apparatus 100 that includes video prediction based on coding units having a tree structure is abbreviated as “video encoding apparatus 100”.
- the maximum coding unit splitter 110 may partition the current picture based on the maximum coding unit that is a coding unit of the maximum size for the current picture of the image. If the current picture is larger than the maximum coding unit, image data of the current picture may be split into at least one maximum coding unit.
- the maximum coding unit may be a data unit having a size of 32x32, 64x64, 128x128, 256x256, or the like, and may be a square data unit having a square of two horizontal and vertical sizes.
- the image data may be output to the coding unit determiner 120 for at least one maximum coding unit.
- the coding unit according to an embodiment may be characterized by a maximum size and depth.
- the depth indicates the number of times the coding unit is spatially divided from the maximum coding unit, and as the depth increases, the coding unit for each depth may be split from the maximum coding unit to the minimum coding unit.
- the depth of the largest coding unit is the highest depth and the minimum coding unit may be defined as the lowest coding unit.
- the maximum coding unit decreases as the depth increases, the size of the coding unit for each depth decreases, and thus, the coding unit of the higher depth may include coding units of a plurality of lower depths.
- the image data of the current picture may be divided into maximum coding units according to the maximum size of the coding unit, and each maximum coding unit may include coding units divided by depths. Since the maximum coding unit is divided according to depths, image data of a spatial domain included in the maximum coding unit may be hierarchically classified according to depths.
- the maximum depth and the maximum size of the coding unit that limit the total number of times of hierarchically dividing the height and the width of the maximum coding unit may be preset.
- the coding unit determiner 120 encodes at least one divided region obtained by dividing the region of the largest coding unit for each depth, and determines a depth at which the final encoding result is output for each of the at least one divided region. That is, the coding unit determiner 120 encodes the image data in coding units according to depths for each maximum coding unit of the current picture, and selects a depth at which the smallest coding error occurs to determine the coding depth. The determined coded depth and the image data for each maximum coding unit are output to the outputter 130.
- Image data in the largest coding unit is encoded based on coding units according to depths according to at least one depth less than or equal to the maximum depth, and encoding results based on the coding units for each depth are compared. As a result of comparing the encoding error of the coding units according to depths, a depth having the smallest encoding error may be selected. At least one coding depth may be determined for each maximum coding unit.
- the coding unit is divided into hierarchically and the number of coding units increases.
- a coding error of each data is measured, and whether or not division into a lower depth is determined. Therefore, even in the data included in one largest coding unit, since the encoding error for each depth is different according to the position, the coding depth may be differently determined according to the position. Accordingly, one or more coding depths may be set for one maximum coding unit, and data of the maximum coding unit may be partitioned according to coding units of one or more coding depths.
- the coding unit determiner 120 may determine coding units having a tree structure included in the current maximum coding unit.
- the coding units having a tree structure according to an embodiment include coding units having a depth determined as a coding depth among all deeper coding units included in the maximum coding unit.
- the coding unit of the coding depth may be hierarchically determined according to the depth in the same region within the maximum coding unit, and may be independently determined for the other regions.
- the coded depth for the current region may be determined independently of the coded depth for the other region.
- the maximum depth according to an embodiment is an index related to the number of divisions from the maximum coding unit to the minimum coding unit.
- the first maximum depth according to an embodiment may represent the total number of divisions from the maximum coding unit to the minimum coding unit.
- the second maximum depth according to an embodiment may represent the total number of depth levels from the maximum coding unit to the minimum coding unit. For example, when the depth of the largest coding unit is 0, the depth of the coding unit obtained by dividing the largest coding unit once may be set to 1, and the depth of the coding unit divided twice may be set to 2. In this case, if the coding unit divided four times from the maximum coding unit is the minimum coding unit, since depth levels of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 exist, the first maximum depth is set to 4 and the second maximum depth is set to 5. Can be.
- Predictive encoding and transformation of the largest coding unit may be performed. Similarly, prediction encoding and transformation are performed based on depth-wise coding units for each maximum coding unit and for each depth less than or equal to the maximum depth.
- encoding including prediction encoding and transformation should be performed on all the coding units for each depth generated as the depth deepens.
- the prediction encoding and the transformation will be described based on the coding unit of the current depth among at least one maximum coding unit.
- the video encoding apparatus 100 may variously select a size or shape of a data unit for encoding image data.
- the encoding of the image data is performed through prediction encoding, transforming, entropy encoding, and the like.
- the same data unit may be used in every step, or the data unit may be changed in steps.
- the video encoding apparatus 100 may select not only a coding unit for encoding the image data, but also a data unit different from the coding unit in order to perform predictive encoding of the image data in the coding unit.
- prediction encoding may be performed based on a coding unit of a coding depth, that is, a more strange undivided coding unit, according to an embodiment.
- a more strange undivided coding unit that is the basis of prediction coding is referred to as a 'prediction unit'.
- the partition in which the prediction unit is divided may include a data unit in which at least one of the prediction unit and the height and the width of the prediction unit are divided.
- the partition may be a data unit in which the prediction unit of the coding unit is split, and the prediction unit may be a partition having the same size as the coding unit.
- the partition type includes not only symmetric partitions in which the height or width of the prediction unit is divided by a symmetrical ratio, but also partitions divided in an asymmetrical ratio, such as 1: n or n: 1, by a geometric form. It may optionally include partitioned partitions, arbitrary types of partitions, and the like.
- the prediction mode of the prediction unit may be at least one of an intra mode, an inter mode, and a skip mode.
- the intra mode and the inter mode may be performed on partitions having sizes of 2N ⁇ 2N, 2N ⁇ N, N ⁇ 2N, and N ⁇ N.
- the skip mode may be performed only for partitions having a size of 2N ⁇ 2N.
- the encoding may be performed independently for each prediction unit within the coding unit to select a prediction mode having the smallest encoding error.
- the video encoding apparatus 100 may perform conversion of image data of a coding unit based on not only a coding unit for encoding image data, but also a data unit different from the coding unit.
- the transformation may be performed based on a transformation unit having a size smaller than or equal to the coding unit.
- the transformation unit may include a data unit for intra mode and a transformation unit for inter mode.
- the transformation unit in the coding unit is also recursively divided into smaller transformation units, so that the residual data of the coding unit is determined according to the tree structure according to the transformation depth. Can be partitioned according to the conversion unit.
- a transform depth indicating a number of divisions between the height and the width of the coding unit divided to the transform unit may be set. For example, if the size of the transform unit of the current coding unit of size 2Nx2N is 2Nx2N, the transform depth is 0, the transform depth 1 if the size of the transform unit is NxN, and the transform depth 2 if the size of the transform unit is N / 2xN / 2. Can be. That is, the transformation unit having a tree structure may also be set for the transformation unit according to the transformation depth.
- the encoded information for each coded depth requires not only the coded depth but also prediction related information and transformation related information. Accordingly, the coding unit determiner 120 may determine not only the coded depth that generated the minimum coding error, but also a partition type obtained by dividing a prediction unit into partitions, a prediction mode for each prediction unit, and a size of a transformation unit for transformation.
- a method of determining a coding unit, a prediction unit / partition, and a transformation unit according to a tree structure of a maximum coding unit according to an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 13.
- the coding unit determiner 120 may measure a coding error of coding units according to depths using a Lagrangian Multiplier-based rate-distortion optimization technique.
- the output unit 130 outputs the image data of the maximum coding unit encoded based on the at least one coded depth determined by the coding unit determiner 120 and the information about the encoding modes according to depths in the form of a bit stream.
- the encoded image data may be a result of encoding residual data of the image.
- the information about the encoding modes according to depths may include encoding depth information, partition type information of a prediction unit, prediction mode information, size information of a transformation unit, and the like.
- the coded depth information may be defined using depth-specific segmentation information indicating whether to encode to a coding unit of a lower depth without encoding to the current depth. If the current depth of the current coding unit is a coding depth, since the current coding unit is encoded in a coding unit of the current depth, split information of the current depth may be defined so that it is no longer divided into lower depths. On the contrary, if the current depth of the current coding unit is not the coding depth, encoding should be attempted using the coding unit of the lower depth, and thus split information of the current depth may be defined to be divided into coding units of the lower depth.
- encoding is performed on the coding unit divided into the coding units of the lower depth. Since at least one coding unit of a lower depth exists in the coding unit of the current depth, encoding may be repeatedly performed for each coding unit of each lower depth, and recursive coding may be performed for each coding unit of the same depth.
- coding units having a tree structure are determined in one largest coding unit and information about at least one coding mode should be determined for each coding unit of a coding depth, information about at least one coding mode may be determined for one maximum coding unit. Can be.
- the coding depth may be different for each location, and thus information about the coded depth and the coding mode may be set for the data.
- the output unit 130 may allocate encoding information about a corresponding coding depth and an encoding mode to at least one of a coding unit, a prediction unit, and a minimum unit included in the maximum coding unit. .
- the minimum unit according to an embodiment is a square data unit having a size obtained by dividing a minimum coding unit, which is a lowest coding depth, into four divisions.
- the minimum unit according to an embodiment may be a square data unit having a maximum size that may be included in all coding units, prediction units, partition units, and transformation units included in the maximum coding unit.
- the encoding information output through the output unit 130 may be classified into encoding information according to depth coding units and encoding information according to prediction units.
- the encoding information for each coding unit according to depth may include prediction mode information and partition size information.
- the encoding information transmitted for each prediction unit includes information about an estimation direction of the inter mode, information about a reference image index of the inter mode, information about a motion vector, information about a chroma component of an intra mode, and information about an inter mode of an intra mode. And the like.
- Information about the maximum size and information about the maximum depth of the coding unit defined for each picture, slice, or GOP may be inserted into a header, a sequence parameter set, or a picture parameter set of the bitstream.
- the information on the maximum size of the transform unit and the minimum size of the transform unit allowed for the current video may also be output through a header, a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, or the like of the bitstream.
- the output unit 130 may encode and output reference information, prediction information, unidirectional prediction information, slice type information including a fourth slice type, etc. related to the prediction described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
- a coding unit according to depths is a coding unit having a size in which a height and a width of a coding unit of one layer higher depth are divided by half. That is, if the size of the coding unit of the current depth is 2Nx2N, the size of the coding unit of the lower depth is NxN.
- the current coding unit having a size of 2N ⁇ 2N may include up to four lower depth coding units having a size of N ⁇ N.
- the video encoding apparatus 100 determines a coding unit having an optimal shape and size for each maximum coding unit based on the size and the maximum depth of the maximum coding unit determined in consideration of the characteristics of the current picture. Coding units may be configured. In addition, since each of the maximum coding units may be encoded in various prediction modes and transformation methods, an optimal coding mode may be determined in consideration of image characteristics of coding units having various image sizes.
- the video encoding apparatus may adjust the coding unit in consideration of the image characteristics while increasing the maximum size of the coding unit in consideration of the size of the image, thereby increasing image compression efficiency.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a video decoding apparatus based on coding units having a tree structure, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a video decoding apparatus 200 including video prediction based on coding units having a tree structure includes a receiver 210, image data and encoding information extractor 220, and image data decoder 230. do.
- the video decoding apparatus 200 that includes video prediction based on coding units having a tree structure is abbreviated as “video decoding apparatus 200”.
- Definition of various terms such as a coding unit, a depth, a prediction unit, a transformation unit, and information about various encoding modes for a decoding operation of the video decoding apparatus 200 according to an embodiment may be described with reference to FIG. 7 and the video encoding apparatus 100. Same as described above with reference.
- the receiver 210 receives and parses a bitstream of an encoded video.
- the image data and encoding information extractor 220 extracts image data encoded for each coding unit from the parsed bitstream according to coding units having a tree structure for each maximum coding unit, and outputs the encoded image data to the image data decoder 230.
- the image data and encoding information extractor 220 may extract information about a maximum size of a coding unit of the current picture from a header, a sequence parameter set, or a picture parameter set for the current picture.
- the image data and encoding information extractor 220 extracts information about a coded depth and an encoding mode for the coding units having a tree structure for each maximum coding unit, from the parsed bitstream.
- the extracted information about the coded depth and the coding mode is output to the image data decoder 230. That is, the image data of the bit string may be divided into maximum coding units so that the image data decoder 230 may decode the image data for each maximum coding unit.
- the information about the coded depth and the encoding mode for each largest coding unit may be set with respect to one or more coded depth information, and the information about the coding mode according to the coded depths may include partition type information, prediction mode information, and transformation unit of the corresponding coding unit. May include size information and the like.
- split information for each depth may be extracted as the coded depth information.
- the information about the coded depth and the encoding mode according to the maximum coding units extracted by the image data and the encoding information extractor 220 may be encoded according to the depth according to the maximum coding unit, as in the video encoding apparatus 100 according to an embodiment.
- the image data and the encoding information extractor 220 may determine the predetermined data.
- Information about a coded depth and an encoding mode may be extracted for each unit. If the information about the coded depth and the coding mode of the maximum coding unit is recorded for each of the predetermined data units, the predetermined data units having the information about the same coded depth and the coding mode are inferred as data units included in the same maximum coding unit. Can be.
- the image data decoder 230 reconstructs the current picture by decoding image data of each maximum coding unit based on the information about the coded depth and the encoding mode for each maximum coding unit. That is, the image data decoder 230 may decode the encoded image data based on the read partition type, the prediction mode, and the transformation unit for each coding unit among the coding units having the tree structure included in the maximum coding unit. Can be.
- the decoding process may include a prediction process including intra prediction and motion compensation, and an inverse transform process.
- the image data decoder 230 may perform intra prediction or motion compensation according to each partition and prediction mode for each coding unit based on partition type information and prediction mode information of the prediction unit of the coding unit for each coding depth. .
- the image data decoder 230 may read transform unit information having a tree structure for each coding unit, and perform inverse transform based on the transformation unit for each coding unit, for inverse transformation for each largest coding unit. Through inverse transformation, the pixel value of the spatial region of the coding unit may be restored.
- the image data decoder 230 may determine the coded depth of the current maximum coding unit by using the split information for each depth. If the split information indicates that the split information is no longer split at the current depth, the current depth is the coded depth. Therefore, the image data decoder 230 may decode the coding unit of the current depth using the partition type, the prediction mode, and the transformation unit size information of the prediction unit with respect to the image data of the current maximum coding unit.
- the image data decoder 230 It may be regarded as one data unit to be decoded in the same encoding mode.
- the decoding of the current coding unit may be performed by obtaining information about an encoding mode for each coding unit determined in this way.
- the video decoding apparatus 200 may obtain information about a coding unit that generates a minimum coding error by recursively encoding each maximum coding unit in the encoding process, and use the same to decode the current picture. That is, decoding of encoded image data of coding units having a tree structure determined as an optimal coding unit for each maximum coding unit can be performed.
- the image data can be efficiently used according to the coding unit size and the encoding mode that are adaptively determined according to the characteristics of the image by using the information about the optimum encoding mode transmitted from the encoding end. Can be decoded and restored.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a concept of coding units, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a size of a coding unit may be expressed by a width x height, and may include 32x32, 16x16, and 8x8 from a coding unit having a size of 64x64.
- Coding units of size 64x64 may be partitioned into partitions of size 64x64, 64x32, 32x64, and 32x32, coding units of size 32x32 are partitions of size 32x32, 32x16, 16x32, and 16x16, and coding units of size 16x16 are 16x16.
- Coding units of size 8x8 may be divided into partitions of size 8x8, 8x4, 4x8, and 4x4, into partitions of 16x8, 8x16, and 8x8.
- the resolution is set to 1920x1080, the maximum size of the coding unit is 64, and the maximum depth is 2.
- the resolution is set to 1920x1080, the maximum size of the coding unit is 64, and the maximum depth is 3.
- the resolution is set to 352x288, the maximum size of the coding unit is 16, and the maximum depth is 1.
- the maximum depth illustrated in FIG. 9 represents the total number of divisions from the maximum coding unit to the minimum coding unit.
- the maximum size of the coding size is relatively large not only to improve the coding efficiency but also to accurately shape the image characteristics. Accordingly, the video data 310 or 320 having a higher resolution than the video data 330 may be selected to have a maximum size of 64.
- the coding unit 315 of the video data 310 is divided twice from a maximum coding unit having a long axis size of 64, and the depth is deepened by two layers, so that the long axis size is 32, 16. Up to coding units may be included.
- the coding unit 335 of the video data 330 is divided once from coding units having a long axis size of 16, and the depth is deepened by one layer to increase the long axis size to 8. Up to coding units may be included.
- the coding unit 325 of the video data 320 is divided three times from the largest coding unit having a long axis size of 64, and the depth is three layers deep, so that the long axis size is 32, 16. , Up to 8 coding units may be included. As the depth increases, the expressive power of the detailed information may be improved.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an image encoder based on coding units, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the image encoder 400 includes operations performed by the encoding unit determiner 120 of the video encoding apparatus 100 to encode image data. That is, the intra predictor 410 performs intra prediction on the coding unit of the intra mode among the current frame 405, and the motion estimator 420 and the motion compensator 425 are the current frame 405 of the inter mode. And the inter frame estimation and the motion compensation using the reference frame 495.
- Data output from the intra predictor 410, the motion estimator 420, and the motion compensator 425 is output as a quantized transform coefficient through the transform unit 430 and the quantization unit 440.
- the quantized transform coefficients are reconstructed into the data of the spatial domain through the inverse quantizer 460 and the inverse transformer 470, and the data of the reconstructed spatial domain is post-processed through the deblocking unit 480 and the offset adjusting unit 490. And output to the reference frame 495.
- the quantized transform coefficients may be output to the bitstream 455 via the entropy encoder 450.
- the intra predictor 410, the motion estimator 420, the motion compensator 425, and the transform unit may be components of the image encoder 400.
- quantization unit 440, entropy coding unit 450, inverse quantization unit 460, inverse transform unit 470, deblocking unit 480, and offset adjustment unit 490 all have the maximum depth for each largest coding unit. In consideration of this, operations based on each coding unit among the coding units having a tree structure should be performed.
- the intra predictor 410, the motion estimator 420, and the motion compensator 425 partition each coding unit among coding units having a tree structure in consideration of the maximum size and the maximum depth of the current maximum coding unit.
- a prediction mode, and the transform unit 430 should determine the size of a transform unit in each coding unit among the coding units having a tree structure.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an image decoder based on coding units, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the bitstream 505 is parsed through the parsing unit 510, and the encoded image data to be decoded and information about encoding necessary for decoding are parsed.
- the encoded image data is output as inverse quantized data through the entropy decoding unit 520 and the inverse quantization unit 530, and the image data of the spatial domain is restored through the inverse transformation unit 540.
- the intra prediction unit 550 performs intra prediction on the coding unit of the intra mode, and the motion compensator 560 uses the reference frame 585 together to apply the coding unit of the inter mode. Perform motion compensation for the
- Data in the spatial region that has passed through the intra predictor 550 and the motion compensator 560 may be post-processed through the deblocking unit 570 and the offset adjusting unit 580 and output to the reconstructed frame 595.
- the post-processed data through the deblocking unit 570 and the offset adjusting unit 580 may be output as the reference frame 585.
- step-by-step operations after the parser 510 of the image decoder 500 may be performed.
- the parser 510, the entropy decoder 520, the inverse quantizer 530, and the inverse transform unit 540 which are components of the image decoder 500, may be used.
- the intra predictor 550, the motion compensator 560, the deblocking unit 570, and the offset adjuster 580 must all perform operations based on coding units having a tree structure for each maximum coding unit. .
- the intra predictor 550 and the motion compensator 560 determine partitions and prediction modes for each coding unit having a tree structure, and the inverse transform unit 540 must determine the size of the transform unit for each coding unit. .
- FIG. 6 is a diagram of deeper coding units according to depths, and partitions, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the video encoding apparatus 100 according to an embodiment and the video decoding apparatus 200 according to an embodiment use hierarchical coding units to consider image characteristics.
- the maximum height, width, and maximum depth of the coding unit may be adaptively determined according to the characteristics of the image, and may be variously set according to a user's request. According to the maximum size of the preset coding unit, the size of the coding unit for each depth may be determined.
- the hierarchical structure 600 of a coding unit illustrates a case in which the maximum height and width of the coding unit are 64 and the maximum depth is three.
- the maximum depth indicates the total number of divisions from the maximum coding unit to the minimum coding unit. Since the depth deepens along the vertical axis of the hierarchical structure 600 of the coding unit according to an embodiment, the height and the width of the coding unit for each depth are divided.
- a prediction unit and a partition on which the prediction encoding of each depth-based coding unit is shown along the horizontal axis of the hierarchical structure 600 of the coding unit are illustrated.
- the coding unit 610 has a depth of 0 as the largest coding unit of the hierarchical structure 600 of the coding unit, and the size, ie, the height and width, of the coding unit is 64x64.
- a depth along the vertical axis includes a coding unit 620 of depth 1 having a size of 32x32, a coding unit 630 of depth 2 having a size of 16x16, and a coding unit 640 of depth 3 having a size of 8x8.
- the coding unit 640 of 3 is a minimum coding unit.
- Prediction units and partitions of the coding unit are arranged along the horizontal axis for each depth. That is, if the coding unit 610 of size 64x64 having a depth of zero is a prediction unit, the prediction unit may include a partition 610 of size 64x64, partitions 612 of size 64x32, and size included in the coding unit 610 of size 64x64. 32x64 partitions 614, 32x32 partitions 616.
- the prediction unit of the coding unit 620 having a size of 32x32 having a depth of 1 includes a partition 620 of size 32x32, partitions 622 of size 32x16 and a partition of size 16x32 included in the coding unit 620 of size 32x32. 624, partitions 626 of size 16x16.
- the prediction unit of the coding unit 630 of size 16x16 having a depth of 2 includes a partition 630 of size 16x16, partitions 632 of size 16x8, and a partition of size 8x16 included in the coding unit 630 of size 16x16. 634, partitions 636 of size 8x8.
- the prediction unit of the coding unit 640 of size 8x8 having a depth of 3 includes a partition 640 of size 8x8, partitions 642 of size 8x4 and a partition of size 4x8 included in the coding unit 640 of size 8x8. 644, partitions 646 of size 4x4.
- the coding unit 640 of size 8x8 having a depth of 3 is a minimum coding unit and a coding unit of the lowest depth.
- the coding unit determiner 120 of the video encoding apparatus 100 may determine a coding depth of the maximum coding unit 610.
- the number of deeper coding units according to depths for including data having the same range and size increases as the depth increases. For example, four coding units of depth 2 are required for data included in one coding unit of depth 1. Therefore, in order to compare the encoding results of the same data for each depth, each of the coding units having one depth 1 and four coding units having four depths 2 should be encoded.
- encoding may be performed for each prediction unit of a coding unit according to depths along a horizontal axis of the hierarchical structure 600 of the coding unit, and a representative coding error, which is the smallest coding error at a corresponding depth, may be selected. .
- a depth deeper along the vertical axis of the hierarchical structure 600 of the coding unit the encoding may be performed for each depth, and the minimum coding error may be searched by comparing the representative coding error for each depth.
- the depth and the partition in which the minimum coding error occurs in the maximum coding unit 610 may be selected as the coding depth and the partition type of the maximum coding unit 610.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a relationship between coding units and transformation units, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the video encoding apparatus 100 encodes or decodes an image in coding units having a size smaller than or equal to the maximum coding unit for each maximum coding unit.
- the size of a transformation unit for transformation in the encoding process may be selected based on a data unit that is not larger than each coding unit.
- the 32x32 size conversion unit 720 is The conversion can be performed.
- the data of the 64x64 coding unit 710 is transformed into 32x32, 16x16, 8x8, and 4x4 transform units of 64x64 size or less, and then encoded, and the transform unit having the least error with the original is selected. Can be.
- FIG. 8 illustrates encoding information according to depths, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the output unit 130 of the video encoding apparatus 100 is information about an encoding mode, and information about a partition type 800 and information 810 about a prediction mode for each coding unit of each coded depth.
- the information 820 about the size of the transformation unit may be encoded and transmitted.
- the information about the partition type 800 is a data unit for predictive encoding of the current coding unit and indicates information about a partition type in which the prediction unit of the current coding unit is divided.
- the current coding unit CU_0 of size 2Nx2N may be any one of a partition 802 of size 2Nx2N, a partition 804 of size 2NxN, a partition 806 of size Nx2N, and a partition 808 of size NxN. It can be divided and used.
- the information 800 about the partition type of the current coding unit represents one of a partition 802 of size 2Nx2N, a partition 804 of size 2NxN, a partition 806 of size Nx2N, and a partition 808 of size NxN. It is set to.
- Information 810 relating to the prediction mode indicates the prediction mode of each partition. For example, through the information 810 about the prediction mode, whether the partition indicated by the information 800 about the partition type is performed in one of the intra mode 812, the inter mode 814, and the skip mode 816 is performed. Whether or not can be set.
- the information about the transform unit size 820 indicates whether to transform the current coding unit based on the transform unit.
- the transform unit may be one of a first intra transform unit size 822, a second intra transform unit size 824, a first inter transform unit size 826, and a second intra transform unit size 828. have.
- the image data and encoding information extractor 210 of the video decoding apparatus 200 may include information about a partition type 800, information 810 about a prediction mode, and transformation for each depth-based coding unit. Information 820 about the unit size may be extracted and used for decoding.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram of deeper coding units according to depths, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Segmentation information may be used to indicate a change in depth.
- the split information indicates whether a coding unit of a current depth is split into coding units of a lower depth.
- the prediction unit 910 for predictive encoding of the coding unit 900 having depth 0 and 2N_0x2N_0 size includes a partition type 912 having a size of 2N_0x2N_0, a partition type 914 having a size of 2N_0xN_0, a partition type 916 having a size of N_0x2N_0, and a N_0xN_0 It may include a partition type 918 of size. Although only partitions 912, 914, 916, and 918 in which the prediction unit is divided by a symmetrical ratio are illustrated, as described above, the partition type is not limited thereto, and asymmetric partitions, arbitrary partitions, geometric partitions, and the like. It may include.
- prediction coding For each partition type, prediction coding must be performed repeatedly for one 2N_0x2N_0 partition, two 2N_0xN_0 partitions, two N_0x2N_0 partitions, and four N_0xN_0 partitions.
- prediction encoding For partitions having a size 2N_0x2N_0, a size N_0x2N_0, a size 2N_0xN_0, and a size N_0xN_0, prediction encoding may be performed in an intra mode and an inter mode. The skip mode may be performed only for prediction encoding on partitions having a size of 2N_0x2N_0.
- the depth 0 is changed to 1 and split (920), and the encoding is repeatedly performed on the depth 2 and the coding units 930 of the partition type having the size N_0xN_0.
- the depth 1 is changed to the depth 2 and divided (950), and repeatedly for the depth 2 and the coding units 960 of the size N_2xN_2.
- the encoding may be performed to search for a minimum encoding error.
- depth-based coding units may be set until depth d-1, and split information may be set up to depth d-2. That is, when encoding is performed from the depth d-2 to the depth d-1 to the depth d-1, the prediction encoding of the coding unit 980 of the depth d-1 and the size 2N_ (d-1) x2N_ (d-1)
- the prediction unit for 990 is a partition type 992 of size 2N_ (d-1) x2N_ (d-1), partition type 994 of size 2N_ (d-1) xN_ (d-1), size A partition type 996 of N_ (d-1) x2N_ (d-1) and a partition type 998 of size N_ (d-1) xN_ (d-1) may be included.
- one partition 2N_ (d-1) x2N_ (d-1), two partitions 2N_ (d-1) xN_ (d-1), two sizes N_ (d-1) x2N_ Prediction encoding is repeatedly performed for each partition of (d-1) and four partitions of size N_ (d-1) xN_ (d-1), so that a partition type having a minimum encoding error may be searched. .
- the coding unit CU_ (d-1) of the depth d-1 is no longer
- the encoding depth of the current maximum coding unit 900 may be determined as the depth d-1, and the partition type may be determined as N_ (d-1) xN_ (d-1) without going through a division process into lower depths.
- split information is not set for the coding unit 952 having the depth d-1.
- the data unit 999 may be referred to as a 'minimum unit' for the current maximum coding unit.
- the minimum unit may be a square data unit having a size obtained by dividing the minimum coding unit, which is the lowest coding depth, into four divisions.
- the video encoding apparatus 100 compares the encoding errors for each depth of the coding unit 900, selects a depth at which the smallest encoding error occurs, and determines a coding depth.
- the partition type and the prediction mode may be set to the encoding mode of the coded depth.
- the depth with the smallest error can be determined by comparing the minimum coding errors for all depths of depths 0, 1, ..., d-1, d, and can be determined as the coding depth.
- the coded depth, the partition type of the prediction unit, and the prediction mode may be encoded and transmitted as information about an encoding mode.
- the coding unit since the coding unit must be split from the depth 0 to the coded depth, only the split information of the coded depth is set to '0', and the split information for each depth except the coded depth should be set to '1'.
- the image data and encoding information extractor 220 of the video decoding apparatus 200 may extract information about a coding depth and a prediction unit for the coding unit 900 and use the same to decode the coding unit 912. Can be.
- the video decoding apparatus 200 may identify a depth having split information of '0' as a coding depth using split information according to depths, and may use it for decoding by using information about an encoding mode for a corresponding depth. have.
- 10, 11, and 12 illustrate a relationship between a coding unit, a prediction unit, and a transformation unit, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the coding units 1010 are coding units according to coding depths determined by the video encoding apparatus 100 according to an embodiment with respect to the maximum coding unit.
- the prediction unit 1060 is partitions of prediction units of each coding depth of each coding depth among the coding units 1010, and the transformation unit 1070 is transformation units of each coding depth for each coding depth.
- the depth-based coding units 1010 have a depth of 0
- the coding units 1012 and 1054 have a depth of 1
- the coding units 1014, 1016, 1018, 1028, 1050, and 1052 have depths.
- coding units 1020, 1022, 1024, 1026, 1030, 1032, and 1048 have a depth of three
- coding units 1040, 1042, 1044, and 1046 have a depth of four.
- partitions 1014, 1016, 1022, 1032, 1048, 1050, 1052, and 1054 of the prediction units 1060 are obtained by splitting coding units. That is, partitions 1014, 1022, 1050, and 1054 are partition types of 2NxN, partitions 1016, 1048, and 1052 are partition types of Nx2N, and partitions 1032 are partition types of NxN. Prediction units and partitions of the coding units 1010 according to depths are smaller than or equal to each coding unit.
- the image data of the part 1052 of the transformation units 1070 is transformed or inversely transformed into a data unit having a smaller size than the coding unit.
- the transformation units 1014, 1016, 1022, 1032, 1048, 1050, 1052, and 1054 are data units having different sizes or shapes when compared to corresponding prediction units and partitions among the prediction units 1060. That is, the video encoding apparatus 100 according to an embodiment and the video decoding apparatus 200 according to an embodiment may be intra prediction / motion estimation / motion compensation operations and transform / inverse transform operations for the same coding unit. Each can be performed on a separate data unit.
- coding is performed recursively for each coding unit having a hierarchical structure for each largest coding unit to determine an optimal coding unit.
- coding units having a recursive tree structure may be configured.
- the encoding information may include split information about a coding unit, partition type information, prediction mode information, and transformation unit size information. Table 1 below shows an example that can be set in the video encoding apparatus 100 and the video decoding apparatus 200 according to an embodiment.
- the output unit 130 of the video encoding apparatus 100 outputs encoding information about coding units having a tree structure
- the encoding information extraction unit of the video decoding apparatus 200 according to an embodiment 220 may extract encoding information about coding units having a tree structure from the received bitstream.
- the split information indicates whether the current coding unit is split into coding units of a lower depth. If the split information of the current depth d is 0, partition type information, prediction mode, and transform unit size information are defined for the coded depth because the depth in which the current coding unit is no longer divided into the lower coding units is a coded depth. Can be. If it is to be further split by the split information, encoding should be performed independently for each coding unit of the divided four lower depths.
- the prediction mode may be represented by one of an intra mode, an inter mode, and a skip mode.
- Intra mode and inter mode can be defined in all partition types, and skip mode can be defined only in partition type 2Nx2N.
- the partition type information indicates the symmetric partition types 2Nx2N, 2NxN, Nx2N, and NxN, in which the height or width of the prediction unit is divided by the symmetric ratio, and the asymmetric partition types 2NxnU, 2NxnD, nLx2N, nRx2N, which are divided by the asymmetric ratio.
- the asymmetric partition types 2NxnU and 2NxnD are divided into heights 1: 3 and 3: 1, respectively, and the asymmetric partition types nLx2N and nRx2N are divided into 1: 3 and 3: 1 widths, respectively.
- the conversion unit size may be set to two kinds of sizes in the intra mode and two kinds of sizes in the inter mode. That is, if the transformation unit split information is 0, the size of the transformation unit is set to the size 2Nx2N of the current coding unit. If the transform unit split information is 1, a transform unit having a size obtained by dividing the current coding unit may be set. In addition, if the partition type for the current coding unit having a size of 2Nx2N is a symmetric partition type, the size of the transform unit may be set to NxN, and if the asymmetric partition type is N / 2xN / 2.
- Encoding information of coding units having a tree structure may be allocated to at least one of a coding unit, a prediction unit, and a minimum unit unit of a coding depth.
- the coding unit of the coding depth may include at least one prediction unit and at least one minimum unit having the same encoding information.
- the encoding information held by each adjacent data unit is checked, it may be determined whether the adjacent data units are included in the coding unit having the same coding depth.
- the coding unit of the corresponding coding depth may be identified by using the encoding information held by the data unit, the distribution of the coded depths within the maximum coding unit may be inferred.
- the encoding information of the data unit in the depth-specific coding unit adjacent to the current coding unit may be directly referred to and used.
- the prediction coding when the prediction coding is performed by referring to the neighboring coding unit, the data adjacent to the current coding unit in the coding unit according to depths is encoded by using the encoding information of the adjacent coding units according to depths.
- the neighboring coding unit may be referred to by searching.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a relationship between coding units, prediction units, and transformation units, according to encoding mode information of Table 1.
- the maximum coding unit 1300 includes coding units 1302, 1304, 1306, 1312, 1314, 1316, and 1318 of a coded depth. Since one coding unit 1318 is a coding unit of a coded depth, split information may be set to zero.
- the partition type information of the coding unit 1318 having a size of 2Nx2N is partition type 2Nx2N 1322, 2NxN 1324, Nx2N 1326, NxN 1328, 2NxnU 1332, 2NxnD 1334, nLx2N (1336). And nRx2N 1338.
- the transform unit split information (TU size flag) is a type of transform index, and a size of a transform unit corresponding to the transform index may be changed according to a prediction unit type or a partition type of a coding unit.
- the partition type information is set to one of the symmetric partition types 2Nx2N 1322, 2NxN 1324, Nx2N 1326, and NxN 1328
- the conversion unit partition information is 0, a conversion unit of size 2Nx2N ( 1342 is set, and if the transform unit split information is 1, a transform unit 1344 of size NxN may be set.
- the partition type information is set to one of the asymmetric partition types 2NxnU (1332), 2NxnD (1334), nLx2N (1336), and nRx2N (1338), if the conversion unit partition information (TU size flag) is 0, a conversion unit of size 2Nx2N ( 1352 is set, and if the transform unit split information is 1, a transform unit 1354 of size N / 2 ⁇ N / 2 may be set.
- the conversion unit splitting information (TU size flag) described above with reference to FIG. 13 is a flag having a value of 0 or 1
- the conversion unit splitting information according to an embodiment is not limited to a 1-bit flag and is set to 0 according to a setting. , 1, 2, 3., etc., and may be divided hierarchically.
- the transformation unit partition information may be used as an embodiment of the transformation index.
- the size of the transformation unit actually used may be expressed.
- the video encoding apparatus 100 may encode maximum transform unit size information, minimum transform unit size information, and maximum transform unit split information.
- the encoded maximum transform unit size information, minimum transform unit size information, and maximum transform unit split information may be inserted into the SPS.
- the video decoding apparatus 200 may use the maximum transform unit size information, the minimum transform unit size information, and the maximum transform unit split information to use for video decoding.
- the maximum transform unit split information is defined as 'MaxTransformSizeIndex'
- the minimum transform unit size is 'MinTransformSize'
- the transform unit split information is 0,
- the minimum transform unit possible in the current coding unit is defined as 'RootTuSize'.
- the size 'CurrMinTuSize' can be defined as in relation (1) below.
- 'RootTuSize' which is a transform unit size when the transform unit split information is 0, may indicate a maximum transform unit size that can be adopted in the system. That is, according to relation (1), 'RootTuSize / (2 ⁇ MaxTransformSizeIndex)' is a transformation obtained by dividing 'RootTuSize', which is the size of the transformation unit when the transformation unit division information is 0, by the number of times corresponding to the maximum transformation unit division information. Since the unit size is 'MinTransformSize' is the minimum transform unit size, a smaller value among them may be the minimum transform unit size 'CurrMinTuSize' possible in the current coding unit.
- the maximum transform unit size RootTuSize may vary depending on a prediction mode.
- RootTuSize may be determined according to the following relation (2).
- 'MaxTransformSize' represents the maximum transform unit size
- 'PUSize' represents the current prediction unit size.
- RootTuSize min (MaxTransformSize, PUSize) ......... (2)
- 'RootTuSize' which is a transform unit size when the transform unit split information is 0, may be set to a smaller value among the maximum transform unit size and the current prediction unit size.
- 'RootTuSize' may be determined according to Equation (3) below.
- 'PartitionSize' represents the size of the current partition unit.
- RootTuSize min (MaxTransformSize, PartitionSize) ........... (3)
- the conversion unit size 'RootTuSize' when the conversion unit split information is 0 may be set to a smaller value among the maximum conversion unit size and the current partition unit size.
- the current maximum conversion unit size 'RootTuSize' according to an embodiment that changes according to the prediction mode of the partition unit is only an embodiment, and a factor determining the current maximum conversion unit size is not limited thereto.
- the maximum coding unit including the coding units of the tree structure described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13 may be a coding block tree, a block tree, a root block tree, a coding tree, a coding root, or It may also be called variously as a tree trunk.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram of the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400, according to an embodiment.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 includes a lower layer encoder 1410, an upper layer encoder 1420, and an output unit 1430.
- the lower layer encoder 1410 encodes a lower layer image among images classified into a plurality of layers.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 may encode a lower layer image based on the coding units of the tree structure described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13. That is, the lower layer encoder 1410 splits the lower layer image into the largest coding units, and among the coding units in which the largest coding unit is hierarchically divided, based on the split coding units, an encoding mode. Can be determined and the encoded data can be output.
- an image of a video may be spatially divided to form maximum coding units, and each maximum coding unit may be divided into a plurality of coding units.
- the coding units may be individually determined for each coding unit, and may be determined independently of adjacent coding units.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 encodes an upper layer image among images classified into a plurality of layers.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may output data in which the higher layer image is encoded, based on coding units having a tree structure of the higher layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may determine a scalable encoding mode that is information indicating whether to refer to the lower layer image for encoding the upper layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may predictively encode the higher layer image by referring to encoding information of the lower layer image based on the determined scalable encoding mode.
- the output unit 1430 may output the encoding mode and the prediction value of the lower layer image according to the encoding result of the lower layer encoder 1410.
- the output unit 1430 may output the encoded data by encoding the lower layer encoder 1410 based on the coding units having the tree structure for each maximum coding unit.
- the output unit 1430 may output the scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image according to an encoding result based on the scalable encoding mode determined by the higher layer encoder 1420. Similarly, the output unit 1430 may selectively output encoding information according to a result of the encoding performed by the higher layer encoder 1420 based on the coding units having the tree structure for each maximum coding unit.
- the encoding information of the lower layer image that may be referenced by the higher layer image may be at least one of general information determined as a result of encoding such as an encoded encoding mode, a prediction value, a syntax, a reconstruction value, and the like.
- the encoding mode may include structure information of a coding unit and prediction information according to a prediction mode.
- the structure information of the coding unit may include at least one of a depth of the current coding unit and a group form of coding units included in the current coding unit.
- the prediction information may include at least one of a partition form for intra prediction, an intra index, a partition form for inter prediction, a motion vector, a reference index, and non-zero coefficient position information (last coefficient position information).
- the prediction value according to one siling may include at least one of a quantized transform coefficient, a difference value of coefficients according to inter prediction, and residual data.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may encode the higher layer image by referring to at least one of the structure information of the coding unit and the structure information of the transformation unit included in the coding unit, in the encoding mode of the lower layer image.
- the structure information of another transformation unit may include at least one of a transformation depth and a transformation index of the current transformation unit.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may determine an encoding mode of the higher layer image by referring to at least one of a prediction mode, a partition type, motion information, and intra information among the encoding modes of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may determine an encoding mode of the higher layer image by referring to at least one of loop filtering related information, non-zero coefficient position information, reconstructed prediction value, and reconstructed texture information among the encoding modes of the lower layer image. You can also decide.
- the reconstructed prediction value of the current data unit may mean a prediction value determined using a value of a spatially neighboring neighbor data unit of the current data unit in the case of the intra mode.
- the reconstructed prediction value of the current data unit may mean a prediction value generated by performing motion compensation using a reference frame in which the current data unit is reconstructed first.
- the prediction value of the higher layer data unit may be determined using the reconstructed prediction value of the lower layer data unit positioned corresponding to the upper layer data unit among the scaled lower layer data.
- the prediction value of the higher layer data unit may be determined by using a scaled value of the restored prediction value of the lower layer data unit positioned corresponding to the higher layer data unit among the lower layer reconstructed images.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may encode the higher layer image based on the determined encoding mode of the higher layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 refers to at least one of the residual information and the transform coefficient of the higher layer image by referring to at least one of the residual information and the transform coefficient among the encoding information of the lower layer image. You can decide.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may determine a reconstructed value of the higher layer image by referring to reconstructed values such as a reconstructed image generated by intra prediction or inter prediction among encoding information of the lower layer image. have.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may determine encoding syntax elements for the higher layer image by using encoding syntax elements determined as a result of encoding the lower layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may encode the higher layer image based on the encoding information of the upper layer image determined using the encoding information of the lower layer image according to the scalable encoding mode.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may determine the scalable encoding mode for each predetermined data unit of the higher layer image.
- the scalable coding mode may be determined for each picture sequence.
- the scalable encoding mode may be determined for each picture.
- the scalable encoding mode may be determined for each frame.
- the scalable coding mode may be determined for each tile individually.
- the scalable coding mode may be individually determined for each largest coding unit.
- the scalable coding mode may be individually determined for each coding unit.
- the scalable coding mode may be individually determined for each predetermined group of coding units.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may or may not perform interlayer prediction according to the scalable coding mode for each data unit.
- the output unit 1430 may output an encoding mode and a prediction value of a lower layer image.
- the output unit 1430 may have different information for outputting a higher layer image output according to the scalable encoding mode.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may infer or predict the encoding information of the higher layer image from the encoding information of the lower layer image according to the first scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may infer or predict some of the encoding information of the higher layer image from the encoding mode of the lower layer image according to the first scalable encoding mode.
- the output unit 1430 may output the remaining encoding information except the information inferred from the lower layer image among the encoding information of the higher layer image.
- the receiver may directly use the encoding information of the higher layer image received as it is received, and the encoding mode of the untransmitted higher layer image may be inferred or predicted with reference to the encoding information of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may infer or predict the encoding information of the higher layer image from the encoding information of the lower layer image according to the second scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image.
- the output unit 1430 may output only the scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image and may not transmit the encoding information of the higher layer image.
- the receiving end may induce or predict encoding information of the higher layer image from encoding information including at least one of an encoding mode, a prediction value, a syntax, and a reconstruction value of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may determine the data unit of the lower layer image to which the data unit of the upper layer refers to, based on the determined scalable encoding mode. In other words, the lower layer data unit mapped to the position corresponding to the position of the upper layer data unit may be determined.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may predictively encode the higher layer image by referring to encoding information including at least one of a coding mode, a prediction value, a syntax, and a reconstruction value of the determined lower layer data unit.
- the data units of the lower layer image and the upper layer image may each include a maximum coding unit, a coding unit, and a prediction unit, a transformation unit, and a minimum unit included in the coding unit. It may include at least one of.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may determine a data unit of the same type of lower layer image corresponding to the current data unit of the higher layer image.
- the maximum coding unit of the higher layer image may refer to the maximum coding unit of the lower layer image.
- the coding unit of the higher layer image may refer to the coding unit of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may determine the data unit group of the lower layer image of the same group type corresponding to the current data unit group of the higher layer image.
- a group of coding units of a higher layer image may refer to a group of coding units of a lower layer image.
- the group of transform units of the higher layer image may refer to the group of transform units of the lower layer image.
- the current data unit group of the higher layer image may be encoded using referenceable encoding information of the data unit group of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may perform scalable encoding on slices or tiles which are data units of an image. For example, the higher layer encoder 1420 may encode the current slice of the higher layer by referring to encoding information of the slice of the lower layer image including a position corresponding to the current slice of the higher layer image. Alternatively, the higher layer encoder 1420 may encode the current tile of the higher layer image by referring to the tile information of the lower layer image including a position corresponding to the current tile of the higher layer image.
- the upper layer encoder 1420 may sample between the upper and lower layer images according to a sub-pixel level of sample accuracy. You can compare them. For example, a sample position of a lower layer image corresponding to an upper layer image may be searched up to a 1/12 pixel level sample position. In this case, in the case of a double upsampling relationship between the lower and upper layer images, the sample accuracy up to the subpixel level of the 1/4 pixel position and the 3/4 pixel position is required. In the case of a 3 / 2-fold upsampling relationship, sample accuracy up to subpixel levels of 1/3 pixel position and 2/3 pixel position is required.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may determine, from the lower layer image, a data unit corresponding to the current data unit of the higher layer image but different from the current data unit group.
- the coding unit of the higher layer image may refer to the maximum coding unit of the lower layer image.
- the prediction unit of the higher layer image may refer to the coding unit of the lower layer image.
- the current data unit of the higher layer image may be encoded by referring to the encoding information of the data unit of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may correspond to a current data unit group of the higher layer image, but may determine a type of data unit group different from the current data unit group from the lower layer image.
- the group of prediction units of the higher layer image may refer to the group of coding units of the lower layer image.
- the group of transform units of the higher layer image may refer to the group of coding units of the lower layer image.
- the current data unit group of the higher layer image may be encoded by referring to encoding information of another type of data unit group of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may predictively encode some of the lower data units included in the current data unit by referring to the lower layer image. Inter-layer prediction may be performed, and the rest of the lower data units may be predictively encoded in the same layer as the higher layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may adjust encoding information inferred from the lower layer image, and determine encoding information of the higher layer image by referring to the adjusted encoding information.
- the higher layer image may be reconstructed using the determined encoding information of the higher layer image.
- Refinement information for finely adjusting the encoding information inferred from the lower layer image may also be encoded.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 may be associated with the video encoding apparatus 100 according to an embodiment.
- the lower layer encoder 1410 of the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 may include a maximum coding unit splitter 110, a coding unit determiner 120, and an outputter 130 of the video encoding apparatus 100.
- a lower layer image may be encoded based on coding units having a tree structure.
- the coding unit determiner 120 may determine an encoding mode for data units such as a coding unit, a prediction unit, a transformation unit, and a partition of the lower layer image.
- the transmitter 1430 may output encoding information including an encoding mode and an encoded prediction value determined for each data unit of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may also perform encoding according to operations of the maximum coding unit splitter 110, the coding unit determiner 120, and the outputter 130.
- the encoding operation of the higher layer encoder 1420 is similar to that of the encoding unit determiner 120, but based on the scalable encoding mode, encoding information of the lower layer image may be determined to determine encoding information for the higher layer image. Reference may be made.
- the transmitter 1430 is similar to the operation of the output unit 130, the transmitter 1430 may not selectively encode the encoding information of the upper layer based on the scalable encoding mode.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 may include a central processor (not shown) that collectively controls the lower layer encoder 1410, the higher layer encoder 1420, and the output unit 1430.
- a central processor (not shown) that collectively controls the lower layer encoder 1410, the higher layer encoder 1420, and the output unit 1430.
- the lower layer encoder 1410, the upper layer encoder 1420, and the output unit 1430 may be operated by their own processors (not shown), and scale as the processors (not shown) operate organically with each other.
- the flexible video encoding apparatus 1400 may be operated as a whole.
- the lower layer encoder 1410, the higher layer encoder 1420, and the output unit 1430 control the control of an external processor (not shown) of the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400, according to an exemplary embodiment. May be
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 may include one or more data storage units (not shown) in which input and output data of the lower layer encoder 1410, the upper layer encoder 1420, and the output unit 1430 are stored. ) May be included.
- the video encoding apparatus 10 may include a memory controller (not shown) that controls data input / output of the data storage unit (not shown).
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 may operate in connection with an internally mounted video encoding processor or an external video encoding processor to output a video encoding result, thereby performing a video encoding operation including transformation. Can be.
- the internal video encoding processor of the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 according to an embodiment includes not only a separate processor, but also the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400, the central computing unit, and the graphics computing unit include a video encoding processing module. It may also include the case of implementing a basic video encoding operation.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram of the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500, according to an embodiment.
- the scalable decoding apparatus 1500 includes a parser 1510, a lower layer decoder 1520, and an upper layer decoder 1530.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may receive a bitstream including encoded data of a video.
- the parser 1510 may parse encoding information of a lower layer image and a scalable encoding mode of an upper layer image from the received bitstream.
- the lower layer decoder 1520 may decode the lower layer image by using encoding information of the parsed lower layer image.
- the lower layer decoder 1520 may be configured based on coding units having a tree structure for each maximum coding unit of the lower layer image. Decryption can be performed.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may predict-decode the higher layer image by referring to encoding information of the lower layer image, that is, encoding information, according to the scalable encoding mode of the parsed upper layer image. Similarly, the higher layer decoder 1530 may perform decoding based on coding units having a tree structure for each largest coding unit of the higher layer image.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may refer to at least one of the structure information of the coding unit and the structure information of the transformation unit included in the coding unit, among the encoding modes of the lower layer image, and may encode the higher layer image. Can be determined.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may determine the encoding mode of the higher layer image by referring to at least one of prediction mode information, partition type information, motion information, and intra information among the encoding modes of the lower layer image. It may be.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may refer to at least one of loop filtering related information, non-zero coefficient position information, reconstructed prediction information, and reconstructed texture information in the encoding mode of the lower layer image, and thus, the higher layer.
- the encoding mode of the image may be determined.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may decode the higher layer image based on the encoding mode of the higher layer image determined by referring to the encoding mode of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may determine the prediction value of the higher layer image by referring to at least one of residual information, coefficient information, and a reconstructed prediction value in the encoding mode of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may decode the higher layer image based on the determined prediction value of the higher layer image.
- the parsing unit 1510 may parse remaining information except information inferred from an encoding mode of a lower layer image as an encoding mode of an upper layer image based on the first scalable encoding mode.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may derive or predict the information about the encoding mode of the unparsed upper layer image from the encoding mode of the lower layer image.
- the parsing unit 1510 may parse remaining information except information inferred from the prediction value of the lower layer image as a prediction value of the higher layer image based on the first scalable coding mode.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may derive or predict the information about the predicted value of the unparsed upper layer image from the predicted value of the lower layer image.
- the parser 1510 may parse only scalable encoding mode information indicating that the higher layer image is the second scalable encoding mode.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may derive or predict the encoding information of the higher layer image from the encoding information of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may determine the data unit of the lower layer image to which the data unit of the higher layer image refers to, according to the scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image parsed from the bitstream. That is, the data unit of the lower layer image mapped to the position corresponding to the position of the data unit of the upper layer image may be determined.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may predictively decode the higher layer image by referring to encoding information of the determined data unit of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer image may be predictively decoded based on the coding units of the tree structure.
- the upper layer decoder 1530 may determine the data unit of the lower layer image corresponding to the current data unit of the upper layer image, and determine the lower layer image corresponding to the sample of the higher layer image according to the sample accuracy of the subpixel level. You can search for sample locations.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may determine a data unit of the same type of lower layer image corresponding to the current data unit of the higher layer image.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may determine encoding information of the current data unit of the higher layer image by referring to encoding information of the determined data unit of the lower layer image, and determine the current data unit using the determined encoding information of the current data unit. Can be decoded.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may determine the data unit group of the lower layer image of the same group type corresponding to the current data unit group of the upper layer image.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may determine encoding information of the current data unit group of the upper layer image by referring to the determined encoding information of the data unit group of the lower layer image, and may determine the current information using the encoding information of the current data unit group. It is also possible to decode the data unit group.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may determine at least one of the current slice information and the tile information of the higher layer image by referring to at least one of the current slice information and the tile information of the higher layer image.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may determine a data unit of another type of lower layer image corresponding to the current data unit of the upper layer image, refer to encoding information of the data unit of the lower layer image, and then determine the higher layer image.
- the encoding information of the current data unit of may be determined.
- the encoding information of the current maximum coding unit of the higher layer image may be determined using the encoding information of the predetermined coding unit of the lower layer image.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may determine a data unit group of another type of lower layer image corresponding to the current data unit group of the upper layer image, and refer to encoding information of the data unit group of the lower layer image.
- the encoding information of the current data unit group of the higher layer image may be determined.
- the encoding information of the current maximum coding unit group of the higher layer image may be determined using the encoding information of the predetermined coding unit group of the lower layer image as it is.
- the upper layer decoder 1530 decodes some of the lower data units included in the current data unit by referring to the lower layer image, The rest of the lower data units may be decoded within the same layer image as the upper layer image.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may modify encoding information inferred from the lower layer image, and determine encoding information of the higher layer image by referring to the modified encoding information.
- the higher layer decoder 1530 may reconstruct the higher layer image by using encoding information of the determined higher layer image.
- the parser 1510 may parse the refinement information, and the upper layer decoder 1530 may change encoding information inferred from the lower layer image based on the parsed refinement information.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may be associated with the video decoding apparatus 200 according to an embodiment.
- the parser 1510 of the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 receives a bitstream according to operations of the receiver 210 and the image data and encoding information extractor 220 of the video decoding apparatus 200.
- the encoding information on the lower layer image and the encoding information on the upper layer image may be parsed.
- the parser 1510 may parse encoding information about data units such as a coding unit, a prediction unit, a transformation unit, and a partition of the lower layer image.
- the parser 1510 may not selectively parse encoding information of an upper layer image based on scalable encoding.
- the lower layer decoder 1520 may generate encoding units of a tree structure by using the parsed encoding information. Can be decoded on the basis.
- the higher layer encoder 1420 may decode the higher layer image based on coding units having a tree structure using parsed encoding information. Can be. However, the higher layer encoder 1420 may perform encoding after determining encoding information for an upper layer image by referring to encoding information of a lower layer image based on the scalable encoding mode.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may include a central processor (not shown) that collectively controls the parser 1510, the lower layer decoder 1520, and the upper layer decoder 1530. Can be. Alternatively, the parser 1510, the lower layer decoder 1520, and the upper layer decoder 1530 are operated by their own processors (not shown), and scale as the processors (not shown) operate organically with each other. The flexible video decoding apparatus 1500 may be operated as a whole. Alternatively, the parser 1510, the lower layer decoder 1520, and the upper layer decoder 1530 may be controlled by the external processor (not shown) of the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 according to an embodiment. May be
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may include one or more data storage units (not shown) in which input and output data of the parser 1510, the lower layer decoder 1520, and the upper layer decoder 1530 are stored. ) May be included.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may include a memory controller (not shown) that manages data input and output of the data storage unit (not shown).
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 operates in conjunction with an internal video decoding processor or an external video decoding processor to restore video through video decoding, thereby performing a video decoding operation including an inverse transform. Can be done.
- the internal video decoding processor of the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 includes not only a separate processor, but also the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 or the central computing device and the graphics computing device include a video decoding processing module. It may also include the case of implementing a basic video decoding operation.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 and the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may separately determine an inter-layer prediction method for each sequence, slice, or picture.
- the inter-layer prediction method for the first picture (or the sequence or the slice) and the inter-layer prediction method for the second picture may be separately determined.
- encoding information of an upper layer data unit may be predicted with reference to two or more pieces of encoding information of a lower layer data unit. That is, two or more pieces of encoding information to be referred to are determined.
- the encoding information for the higher layer data unit may be determined by using the series of encoding information determined for the lower layer data unit as it is.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 also determines the lower layer data unit corresponding to the higher layer image.
- the encoding information of the upper layer data unit may be determined using the predetermined series of encoding information of the lower layer data unit as it is.
- encoding information of a lower layer data unit may be used in a modified form or in a reduced form.
- the motion vector of the lower layer partition may be used after being adjusted down to an accuracy of a specific pixel level such as an integer pixel level and a subpixel level of 1/2 pixel level. It may be.
- motion vectors of a plurality of lower layer partitions may be merged into one, and then used as a motion vector of a higher layer partition.
- 16 is a block diagram of a scalable encoding system 1600, according to an embodiment.
- the scalable encoding system 1600 is an inter-layer prediction stage 1650 between the lower layer encoding stage 1610 and the higher layer encoding stage 1660, and the lower layer encoding stage 1610 and the higher layer encoding stage 1660. It is composed.
- the lower layer encoder 1610 and the higher layer encoder 1660 may illustrate specific configurations of the lower layer encoder 1410 and the higher layer encoder 1420, respectively.
- the scalable video encoding technique may be classified into layer images of multiple layers according to not only spatial characteristics such as resolution but also qualitative characteristics such as temporal characteristics and image quality.
- the scalable video encoding system 1600 will be described in which a low resolution image is a lower layer image and a high resolution image is distinguished and encoded according to an image resolution.
- the lower layer encoding end 1610 receives a low resolution image sequence and encodes each low resolution image.
- the higher layer encoding stage 1660 receives a high resolution image sequence and encodes each high resolution image. Overlapping operations among the operations of the lower layer encoder 1610 and the higher layer encoder 1620 will be described later.
- the input video (low resolution video, high resolution video) is divided into maximum coding units, coding units, prediction units, transformation units, and the like through the block splitters 1618 and 1668.
- intra prediction or inter prediction may be performed for each prediction unit of the coding units.
- the prediction switches 1648 and 1698 may perform inter prediction by referring to previous reconstructed images output from the motion compensators 1640 and 1690 according to whether the prediction mode of the prediction unit is the intra prediction mode or the inter prediction mode.
- intra prediction may be performed using a neighboring prediction unit of the current prediction unit in the current input image output from the intra prediction units 1645 and 1695. Case-dual information may be generated for each prediction unit through inter prediction.
- the transformation / quantization units 1620 and 1670 may output a quantized transformation coefficient by performing transformation and quantization for each transformation unit based on the transformation unit of the coding unit.
- the scaling / inverse transform units 1625 and 1675 may generate residual information of the spatial domain by performing scaling and inverse transformation on the transform coefficients quantized for each transformation unit of the coding unit.
- the residual information is synthesized with the previous reconstructed image or the neighboring prediction unit, so that a reconstructed image including the current prediction unit is generated and the current reconstructed image is stored in the storage 1630. , 1680).
- the current reconstructed image may be transmitted to the intra prediction unit 1645 and 1695 / the motion compensation unit 1640 and 1690 again according to the prediction mode of the prediction unit to be encoded next.
- the in-loop filtering units 1635 and 1685 may perform deblocking filtering or coding adaptive offset (SAO) on a reconstructed image stored in the storages 1630 and 1680 for each coding unit. At least one filtering may be performed among the filtering and the ALF filtering. At least one of deblocking filtering, sample adaptive offset (SAO) filtering, and adaptive loop filtering may be performed on at least one of a coding unit and a prediction unit and a transformation unit included in the coding unit.
- SAO coding adaptive offset
- Deblocking filtering is filtering to alleviate blocking of data units
- SAO filtering is filtering to compensate for pixel values that are transformed by data encoding and decoding
- ALF filtering is an error between a reconstructed picture and an original picture (Mean Squared Error). ; Filtering to minimize MSE).
- the data filtered by the in-loop filtering units 1635 and 1685 may be delivered to the motion compensation units 1640 and 1690 for each prediction unit.
- the current reconstructed image and the next coding unit output by the motion compensator 1640 and 1690 and the block splitter 1618 and 1668 for encoding the next coding unit output from the block splitters 1618 and 1668 again. Residual information of the liver may be generated.
- the higher layer encoder 1660 may refer to the reconstructed image stored in the storage 1630 of the lower layer encoder 1610.
- the encoding controller 1615 of the lower layer encoding end 1610 controls the storage 1630 of the lower layer encoding end 1610 to transmit the reconstructed image of the lower layer encoding end 1610 to the higher layer encoding end 1660. I can deliver it.
- the in-loop filtering unit 1655 performs at least one of deblocking filtering, SAO filtering, and ALF filtering on the lower layer reconstructed image output from the storage 1610 of the lower layer encoding stage 1610. You can do one.
- the inter-layer predictor 1650 may upsample the reconstructed image of the lower layer and transmit the sample to the higher layer encoder 1660 when the resolution is different between the lower layer and the upper layer.
- the interlayer of the higher layer image is referred to with reference to the lower layer reconstructed image transmitted through the inter-layer prediction end 1650. Layer prediction may be performed.
- various encoding modes for a coding unit, a prediction unit, and a transformation unit may be set.
- depth or split information may be set as an encoding mode for a coding unit.
- a prediction mode, a partition type, intra direction information, reference list information, and the like may be set.
- a transform depth or split information may be set.
- the lower layer encoder 1610 may determine various depths for the coding unit, various prediction modes for the prediction unit, various partition types, various intra directions, various reference lists, and various transform depths for the transform unit, respectively. According to the result of applying the encoding, the coding depth, the prediction mode, the partition type, the intra direction / reference list, the transformation depth, etc. having the highest encoding efficiency may be determined. It is not limited to the above-listed encoding modes determined by the lower layer encoding end 1610.
- the encoding controller 1615 of the lower layer encoder 1610 may control various encoding modes to be appropriately applied to the operation of each component.
- the encoding control unit 1615 may encode the encoding mode or the register by referring to the encoding result of the lower layer encoding stage 1610, for the scalable video encoding of the higher layer encoding stage 1660. Control to determine dual information.
- the higher layer encoding end 1660 may use the encoding mode of the lower layer encoding end 1610 as the encoding mode for the higher layer image, or refer to the encoding mode of the lower layer encoding end 1610 to obtain higher layers.
- An encoding mode for the layer image may be determined.
- the encoding control unit 1615 of the lower layer encoding end 1610 controls the control signal of the encoding control unit 1665 of the higher layer encoding end 1660 of the lower layer encoding end 1610, and thus the higher layer encoding end 1660.
- the current encoding mode may be used from the encoding mode of the lower layer encoding end 1610.
- the scalable video decoding system may also be implemented. That is, the scalable video decoding system may receive a lower layer bitstream and an upper layer bitstream. The lower layer decoder of the scalable video decoding system may generate lower layer reconstructed images by decoding the lower layer bitstream. The higher layer decoder of the scalable video decoding system may generate higher layer reconstructed images by decoding the upper layer bitstream using the lower layer reconstructed image and parsed encoding information.
- FIG 17 illustrates an inter-layer prediction method according to an embodiment.
- inter-layer prediction 1710 When scalable video encoding is performed for the higher layer image, it may be set whether to perform inter-layer prediction 1710 for encoding the higher layer image by using an encoding mode for the lower layer image. If inter-layer prediction 1710 is performed, inter-layer intra prediction 1720 or inter-layer motion prediction 1730 may be performed. If the inter-layer prediction 1710 is not performed, the inter-layer motion prediction 1740 or the prediction 1750 rather than the inter-layer motion prediction may be performed.
- inter-layer residual prediction 1760 or general residual prediction 1770 is performed. Can be.
- the sample values of the higher layer image may be predicted by referring to the sample values of the lower layer image corresponding to the higher layer image.
- a partition type, a reference index, a motion vector, etc., of a prediction unit by inter prediction of a lower layer image corresponding to a higher layer image are applied as an inter mode of the upper layer image.
- the reference index indicates the order in which each image is referenced in the reference images included in the reference list.
- an encoding mode according to inter prediction of a lower layer image may be referred to as an encoding mode of an upper layer image.
- the reference index of the upper layer image may be determined by employing the reference index of the lower layer image as it is, but the motion vector of the upper layer image may be predicted with reference to the motion vector of the lower layer image.
- motion prediction for a higher layer image may be performed by referring to other images of the higher layer image sequence, regardless of the encoding result of the lower layer image. have.
- inter-layer residual prediction 1760 or general residual prediction 1770 is performed. Can be.
- the residual information of the higher layer image may be predicted with reference to the residual information of the lower layer image.
- residual information of the current higher layer image may be predicted with reference to other images of the higher layer image sequence.
- inter-layer prediction between a lower layer image and an upper layer image may be performed for scalable video encoding of an upper layer image.
- inter-layer mode prediction in which an encoding mode of an upper layer image is determined using an encoding mode of a lower layer image
- 'Inter layer residual prediction' in which residual information of the upper layer image is determined using residual information of the lower layer image, and prediction encoding of the upper layer image with reference to the lower layer image only when the lower layer image is an intra mode.
- 'Inter-layer intra prediction' may optionally be performed.
- each coding unit or prediction unit whether to perform inter-layer mode prediction, whether to perform inter-layer residual prediction, or whether to perform inter-layer intra prediction may be determined.
- a reference list may be determined for each partition that is an inter mode, and whether to perform inter-layer motion prediction may be determined for each reference list.
- the prediction mode of the corresponding coding unit is selected from the lower layer image. It may be determined as a prediction mode of a coding unit (prediction unit).
- the current coding unit (prediction unit) of the higher / lower layer image is referred to as a “higher / lower layer data unit”.
- inter-layer intra prediction may be performed for the higher layer data unit. If the lower layer data unit is encoded in the inter mode, inter-layer motion prediction may be performed for the upper layer data unit.
- the residual information of the upper layer data unit may be predicted using the residual information of the lower layer data unit. If inter-layer residual prediction is not performed even when the lower layer data unit is encoded in the inter mode, the residual of the upper layer data unit is not determined by referring to the residual information of the lower layer data unit and moving between higher layer data units. Dual information can be determined.
- the inter-layer prediction method may be determined according to whether the prediction mode of the higher layer data unit is a skip mode, an inter mode, or an intra mode. For example, in the case of the upper layer data unit of the inter mode, whether inter-layer motion prediction is performed for each reference list of partitions may be determined. If it is a higher layer data unit of the intra mode, it may be determined whether inter-layer intra prediction is performed.
- Whether inter-layer prediction is performed, whether inter-layer residual prediction is performed, or whether 'inter-layer intra prediction is performed, may be selectively determined for each data unit.
- the scalable encoding apparatus 1400 may set in advance whether inter-layer prediction is performed on data units of the current slice for each slice.
- the scalable decoding apparatus 1500 may determine whether to perform inter-layer prediction on data units of the current slice for each slice, depending on whether the scalable encoding apparatus 1400 is inter-layer predicted. .
- the scalable encoding apparatus 1400 may set whether to perform inter-layer motion prediction on data units of the current slice for each slice. According to whether the scalable encoding apparatus 1400 is an inter-layer motion prediction method, the scalable decoding apparatus 1500 may determine whether to perform inter-layer motion prediction on data units of the current slice for each slice. have.
- the scalable encoding apparatus 1400 may determine whether to perform inter-layer residual prediction on data units for each slice. According to whether the scalable encoding apparatus 1400 predicts inter-layer residual, the scalable decoding apparatus 1500 may determine whether to perform inter-layer residual prediction on data units for each slice.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 may set whether to perform inter-layer mode prediction for each higher layer data unit. When inter-layer mode prediction is performed for each higher layer data unit, only residual information of the higher layer data unit may be transmitted, and an encoding mode may not be transmitted.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 also performs inter-layer mode prediction for each higher layer data unit according to whether the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 performs inter-layer mode prediction for each data unit. Can be determined. Based on whether the inter-layer mode prediction is performed, it may be determined whether to adopt the encoding mode of the lower layer data unit as it is as the encoding mode of the higher layer data unit. When inter-layer mode prediction is performed, the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 encodes the higher layer data unit using the encoding mode of the lower layer data unit without receiving and reading the encoding mode of the higher layer data unit separately. The unit can be determined. In this case, it is sufficient for the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 to receive and read only residual information of a higher layer data unit.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may perform "inter-layer intra prediction" on the upper layer data unit. Can be performed.
- deblocking filtering may be performed on the reconstructed image of the lower layer data unit of the intra mode.
- a portion corresponding to the higher layer data unit of the deblocking filtered reconstructed image of the lower layer data unit is upsampled.
- the luma component of the upper layer data unit may be upsampled through 4-tap filtering, and the chroma component may be upsampled through bi-linear filtering.
- Upsampling filtering may be performed across a partition boundary of a prediction unit. However, if the neighbor data unit is not intra coded, the lower layer data unit may be upsampled by extending the components of the boundary region of the current data unit to the outer region to generate samples necessary for upsampling filtering.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 performs "inter-layer motion prediction" on the upper layer data unit. Can be done.
- a partition type, a reference index, a motion vector, etc. of the lower layer data unit of the inter mode may be referenced.
- the corresponding lower layer data unit may be upsampled to determine a partition type of the upper layer data unit. For example, if the size of the lower layer partition is MxN, a partition of 2Mx2N size upsampled from the lower layer partition may be determined as the upper layer partition.
- the reference index of the upsampled partition for the upper layer partition may be determined to be the same as the reference index of the lower layer partition.
- the motion vector of the upsampled partition for the upper layer partition may be obtained by enlarging the motion vector of the lower layer partition at the same ratio as the upsampling ratio.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may determine whether to perform inter-layer motion prediction on the higher layer data unit when it is determined that the upper layer data unit is the inter mode without inter-layer mode prediction.
- Whether inter-layer motion prediction is performed for each reference list of the higher layer partition may be determined.
- the reference index and the motion vector of the upper layer partition may be determined by referring to the reference index and the motion vector of the corresponding lower layer partition.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may determine whether to perform inter-layer intra prediction for each partition of the higher layer data unit. .
- deblocking filtering is performed on the reconstructed image from which the lower layer data unit corresponding to the higher layer data unit is decoded, and upsampling is performed on the deblocking reconstructed image.
- a 4-tap filter may be used for upsampling the luma component
- a bilinear filter may be used for upsampling the chroma component.
- a predicted image of the higher layer data unit may be generated.
- the reconstructed image of the higher layer data unit may be generated by synthesizing the residual image of the higher layer data unit to the prediction image of the higher layer data unit. Deblocking filtering may be performed on the generated reconstructed image.
- inter-layer prediction may be limited to be performed only in a specific condition.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 depends on whether the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 performs inter-layer intra prediction. Inter-layer intra prediction may be fully performed.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may determine whether to perform inter-layer residual prediction on the higher layer data unit if the lower layer data unit at the position corresponding to the higher layer data unit is the inter mode. Whether to perform inter-layer residual prediction may be determined regardless of inter-layer mode prediction.
- the inter-layer residual prediction may not be performed when the higher layer data unit is the skip mode, it may not be determined whether to perform the inter-layer residual prediction. If the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 does not perform inter-layer residual prediction, the current higher layer prediction unit may be decoded in the normal inter mode using higher layer images.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may upsample and refer to the residual information of the lower layer data unit for each data unit for the upper layer data unit.
- residual information of a transform unit may be upsampled through bilinear filtering.
- the residual information upsampled from the lower layer data unit may be synthesized with the motion compensated prediction image among the upper layer data units to generate the predicted image due to the inter-layer residual prediction. Therefore, a residual image between the original image of the upper layer data unit and the predicted image generated by the inter-layer residual prediction may be newly generated.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 reads a residual image for inter-layer residual prediction of a higher layer data unit from a bitstream and upsamples the read residual image and the lower layer data unit.
- the reconstructed image may be generated by synthesizing the residual information and the motion compensated prediction image among the higher layer data units.
- inter-layer prediction As described above, as an example of inter-layer prediction, detailed operations of inter-layer mode prediction, inter-layer residual prediction, and inter-layer intra prediction of higher layer data units have been described above. However, these are examples of inter-layer prediction applicable to the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 and the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500, and the inter-layer prediction of the present invention is not limited thereto.
- lower layer data including coding units having a tree structure, prediction units of a coding unit, partitions, and transformation units.
- the encoding information of the higher layer maximum coding unit may be determined by referring to the encoding information about the lower layer maximum coding unit.
- encoding information of a higher layer coding unit may be determined by referring to encoding information about a lower layer coding unit.
- structure information of a higher layer coding unit may be determined by referring to structure information about lower layer coding units.
- the structure information of the current coding units of the higher layer image may adopt the structure information of the coding units included in the maximum coding unit corresponding to the maximum coding unit of the higher layer among the maximum coding units of the lower layer image.
- the coding units of the tree structure included in the higher layer maximum coding unit may have the same tree structure as the coding units of the tree structure of the lower layer maximum coding unit.
- structure information about lower layer coding units may be applied to a portion of a tree structure of higher layer coding units.
- the lower layer coding units may be used to determine the structure of the coding units for the lower left region among the square areas obtained by dividing the maximum coding unit into four equal parts. Reference may be made to structure information for.
- a structure of coding units having a smallest number of splits including the maximum coding unit may be inferred from structure information about lower layer coding units.
- structure information of a higher layer transformation unit may be inferred from structure information of lower layer transformation units.
- structure information about the lower layer transformation units may be employed in a part of the tree structure of the upper layer transformation units.
- a specific embodiment is similar to the embodiments related to structure information of a coding unit described above.
- the prediction mode of the higher layer prediction unit (partition) is inferred from the prediction mode for the lower layer prediction unit (partition). Can be.
- partition type representing a prediction unit or partition size 2Nx2N, 2NxN, Nx2N, NxN, or asymmetrical shape
- partition type of the higher layer prediction unit (partition) is inferred from the partition type for the lower layer prediction unit (partition). Can be.
- the residual information of the higher layer transformation unit may be inferred by referring to the residual information of the lower layer transformation unit. In addition, only some of the residual information of the higher layer transformation unit may be inferred from the residual information of the lower layer transformation unit.
- the transformation coefficient value of the higher layer transformation unit may be inferred by referring to the transformation coefficient value of the lower layer transformation unit. Further, only a part of the transform coefficient values of the higher layer transform unit may be inferred from the transform coefficient values of the lower layer transform unit. For example, only the DC component or only the transform coefficient values of the predetermined number of low frequency components among the transform coefficient values of the upper layer transform unit may be inferred from the transform coefficient values of the lower layer transform unit.
- positions of nonzero transform coefficients of a higher layer transform unit may be determined from positions of non-zero transform coefficients among transform coefficients of a lower layer transform unit.
- texture information of a higher layer data unit may be determined by referring to reconstructed texture information of a lower layer data unit.
- a reconstructed prediction value of the lower layer data unit for example, a prediction value determined using the values of the spatially neighboring neighboring data units of the current data unit in the case of intra mode, and a first reconstructed reference frame in the case of inter prediction.
- the prediction value generated by performing motion compensation may be used as the prediction value of the higher layer data unit as it is.
- the inter prediction related information of the higher layer prediction unit may be determined by referring to the inter prediction related information of the lower layer prediction unit of the inter mode.
- the inter prediction related information that can be referred to for inter-layer prediction may include a motion vector, a motion vector difference value (mvd), a reference index, and an inter prediction direction (single direction / bidirectional).
- motion competition scheme information such as a merge index of an prediction unit and an advanced motion vector prediction index, may be referred to as inter prediction related information.
- Intra prediction related information of the higher layer prediction unit may be determined by referring to intra prediction related information of the lower layer prediction unit of the intra mode.
- intra prediction related information that can be referred to for inter-layer prediction may include an intra prediction direction, a luma-chroma prediction mode, a linear mode (LM) mode, a derivation mode (DM) mode, and the like.
- the LM mode is a prediction mode in which a prediction value of a chroma component pixel is determined from pixels of a neighboring data unit adjacent to a current data unit and a reconstructed luma component pixel of the current data unit. Prediction mode used as a mode.
- the loop filter parameter of the higher layer data unit may be determined with reference to the loop filter parameter for the lower layer data unit.
- a loop filter parameter referenceable for inter-layer prediction is a SAO type, non-zero band offsets, which are parameters for a sample adaptive offset (SAO) technique for adaptively setting an offset for a sample. And BO) location, edge offset value, and band offset value.
- the loop filter parameters referenceable for inter-layer prediction may include filter classification information, filter coefficients, filtering on / off flags, and the like for adaptive loop filtering (ALF).
- the encoding syntax for the higher layer image may be determined using the encoding syntax determined as a result of encoding the lower layer image.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 and the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may separately control inter-layer prediction for each sequence, slice, or picture.
- the first encoding information of the higher layer data unit is determined by referring to the first encoding information of the lower layer data unit for inter-layer prediction, but the inter-layer is determined in the second picture.
- the second encoding information of the higher layer data unit may be determined by referring to the second encoding information of the lower layer data unit.
- the encoding information of the lower layer data units listed above may not be individually referred to individually, and the encoding information of the higher layer data units may be predicted by referring to a combination of two or more encoding information of the lower layer data units.
- inter-layer prediction a prediction scheme in which encoding information of a higher layer data unit is determined with reference to a combination of two or more pieces of encoding information of a lower layer data unit is referred to as inferred inter-layer prediction.
- encoding information for the upper layer data unit may be determined using the series of encoding information of the lower layer data unit as it is.
- the first encoding information, the third encoding information, and the first encoding information for the higher layer data unit are the same as the first encoding information, the third encoding information, and the fifth encoding information among the N encoding information for the lower layer data unit. 5 encoding information may be determined.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 and the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may separately control inferred inter-layer prediction for each sequence, picture, and slice.
- an inferred inter-layer prediction scheme may be individually controlled for each maximum coding unit, coding unit, prediction unit (partition), or transformation unit within one picture.
- inferred inter-layer prediction is performed individually for at least one data unit of the above-described sequence, picture, slice, maximum coding unit, coding unit, prediction unit (partition), and transformation unit may be determined. For example, inferred inter-layer prediction may not be performed on the first picture (or sequence, slice), but inferred inter-layer prediction may be performed on the second picture. In addition, inferred inter-layer prediction may be performed on data units included in the first maximum coding unit within one picture, but inferred inter-layer prediction is allowed on data units included in the second maximum coding unit. It may not be.
- an inferred inter-layer prediction scheme may be individually determined for at least one data unit among a sequence, a picture, a slice, a maximum coding unit, a coding unit, a prediction unit (partition), and a transformation unit.
- the first encoding information and the fourth encoding information of the higher layer data unit using only the first encoding information and the fourth encoding information of the lower layer data unit through inferred inter-layer prediction in the first picture (or the sequence or the slice).
- the second picture uses the first encoding information, the second encoding information, the fifth encoding information, and the eighth encoding information of the lower layer data unit as it is through inferred inter-layer prediction.
- the first encoding information, the second encoding information, the fifth encoding information, and the eighth encoding information of may be determined.
- the inferred mode parameter for the higher layer data unit may be encoded as a 'true' value, and the encoding information may not be encoded at all.
- all encoding modes of higher layer data units may be inferred from encoding modes of lower layer data units. Therefore, among encoding information of the higher layer data unit, an encoding mode inferred from the lower layer data unit may not be encoded.
- the transform coefficient or the residual information must be separately determined among the encoding information of the higher layer data unit.
- the inferred prediction parameter for the upper layer data unit may be encoded with a 'true' value, the transform coefficient or the residual information of the upper layer data unit may be encoded, and the encoding mode inferred from the lower layer data unit may not be encoded.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may not parse encoding mode information and transform coefficient (residual information) for higher layer data units based on the inferred mode parameter. Also, the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may not parse an encoding mode for a higher layer data unit based on an inferred prediction parameter.
- Inferred inter-layer prediction is an inter-layer prediction method that determines encoding information of a higher layer data unit by using encoding information of a lower layer data unit as it is with respect to a predetermined series of encoding information, as described above.
- the parameter for indicating whether to perform inferred inter-layer prediction includes the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 including a sequence parameter set (SPS), a picture parameter set (PPS), an adaptation paramter set (APS), and a slice header.
- SPS sequence parameter set
- PPS picture parameter set
- APS adaptation paramter set
- slice header Using (Slice Header), parameters may be separately transmitted for each sequence, picture, or slice.
- SPS sequence parameter set
- PPS picture parameter set
- APS adaptation paramter set
- slice header Using (Slice Header), parameters may be separately transmitted for each sequence, picture, or slice.
- a parameter indicating whether to perform inferred inter-layer prediction may be transmitted as an encoding mode for at least one data unit among a maximum coding unit, a coding unit, a transformation unit, and a prediction unit (partition).
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may parse the parameter separately for each sequence, picture, or slice from the SPS, PPS, APS, or slice header. Similarly, whether to perform inferred inter-layer prediction according to inferd mode or inferred prediction as an encoding mode for at least one data unit among a maximum coding unit, a coding unit, a transformation unit, and a prediction unit (partition). May be parsed.
- refinement information for finely modifying the inferred information may be encoded for the higher layer data unit.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may infer positions of nonzero coefficients of a higher layer data unit from non-zero coefficient position information indicating a lower layer data unit.
- the coefficient value of the higher layer data unit may be readjusted and predicted.
- an 'abs_level_minus_1' parameter for transform coefficients may be read.
- the 'abs_level_minus_1' parameter when the 'abs_level_minus_1' parameter is a true value, it may mean that a value reduced by one from the absolute value of the original value of the nonzero coefficient is transmitted as the nonzero coefficient information. Therefore, by increasing the received non-parsed coefficient information by 1 again, the magnitude of the inferred coefficient of the upper layer data unit can be accurately predicted.
- the refinement information described above may include parameters for adjusting prediction values for various types of information without being limited to the 'abs_level_minus_1' parameter.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may determine and refer to a lower layer data unit corresponding to a higher layer data unit for inter-layer prediction.
- the spatial resolution between the lower layer image and the upper layer image is different, and in general, the resolution of the lower layer image is smaller. Therefore, in order to determine the position of the lower layer data unit corresponding to the upper layer data unit, a resizing ratio of the resolution may be considered.
- the increase / decrease ratio between lower and upper layer data units may be arbitrarily determined.
- the mapping position may be accurately determined at a subpixel level such as a 1/16 pixel size.
- mapping relations 1, 2, 3, and 4 for determining the coordinates of the lower layer data unit mapped to the coordinates of the upper layer data unit are as follows. .
- the Round () function outputs the rounded value of the input value.
- mapping relations 1 and 2 Bx and By denote x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of lower layer data units, and Ex and Ey denote x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of upper layer data units, respectively.
- Rx and Ry represent reference offsets in the x-axis and y-axis directions, respectively, for improving the accuracy of the mapping.
- S represents the increase and decrease index of the resolution.
- 'BaseWidth' and 'BaseHight' represent the width and height of the lower data units, respectively
- 'ScaledBaseWidth' and 'ScaledBaseHight' respectively indicate the width and height after the sub data units are upsampled.
- the x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the lower layer data unit corresponding to the x-axis and y-axis coordinate values of the upper layer data unit may be determined using the increase / decrease ratio of the resolution and the reference offset for accurate mapping.
- mapping relations 1, 2, 3, and 4 are merely specific embodiments for understanding the invention.
- a mapping position between lower and upper layer data units may be determined in consideration of various factors.
- the mapping position between lower and upper layer data units may be determined in consideration of one or more factors such as the resolution ratio, aspect ratio, translation distance, and offset between lower and upper layer video. have.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 and the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 may perform inter-layer prediction based on coding units having a tree structure. According to the coding unit of the tree structure, since the coding unit is determined according to the depth, the size of each coding unit is not the same. Therefore, the position of the lower layer coding unit corresponding to the higher layer coding unit must be individually determined.
- mapping relationships between various levels of data units including a maximum coding unit, a coding unit, a prediction unit, a transformation unit, or a partition of a higher layer image and data units of various levels of a lower layer image will be described in detail. do.
- FIG. 18 illustrates a mapping relationship between a lower layer and an upper layer according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 18 illustrates a mapping relationship between a lower layer and an upper layer for inter-layer prediction based on coding units having a tree structure.
- the lower layer data unit determined to correspond to the upper layer data unit may be referred to as a 'reference layer data unit'.
- the position of the lower layer maximum coding unit 1810 corresponding to the higher layer maximum coding unit 1820 may be determined.
- the sample 1880 corresponding to the upper left sample 1890 of the upper layer maximum coding unit 1820 includes the upper left sample 1880 by searching for which data unit among the lower layer data units. It may be determined that the lower layer maximum coding unit 1810 is a data unit corresponding to the upper layer maximum coding unit 1820.
- the tree structure of the coding units included in the higher layer maximum coding unit 1820 is It may be determined in the same manner as a tree structure of coding units included in the lower layer maximum coding unit 1810.
- the size of the partition (prediction unit) or transformation unit included in the coding unit having a tree structure may also vary according to the size of the coding unit.
- the size of the partitions or transformation units may vary according to the partition type or the transformation depth. Therefore, in partitions or transformation units based on the coding unit of the tree structure, positions of the lower layer partition or the lower layer transformation unit corresponding to the upper layer partition or the upper layer transformation unit should be determined individually.
- a predetermined value of the lower layer maximum coding unit 1810 corresponding to the position of the upper left sample 1890 of the upper layer maximum coding unit 1820 is determined.
- the location of data unit 1880 was retrieved.
- the reference layer data unit may be determined by comparing the positions of the lower layer data units, the positions of the centers, or the predetermined positions corresponding to the upper left samples of the upper layer data units.
- FIG. 18 a case in which maximum coding units of different layers are mapped for inter-layer prediction is illustrated, but also for various data units including a maximum coding unit, a coding unit, a prediction unit, a partition, a transformation unit, a minimum unit, and the like. Data units of different layers may be mapped.
- the lower layer data unit may be upsampled by an increase or decrease ratio or an aspect ratio of the spatial resolution.
- the upsampled position is moved by a reference offset, so that the position of the reference layer data unit can be accurately determined.
- Information about a reference offset may be explicitly transmitted and received between the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 and the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500. However, even if the reference offset information is not directly transmitted or received, the reference offset may be predicted according to the peripheral motion information, the disparity information, or the geometric shape of the higher layer data unit.
- Encoding information about the position of the lower layer data unit corresponding to the position of the higher layer data unit may be used for inter-layer prediction of the higher layer data unit.
- Referenceable encoding information may include at least one of an encoding mode, a prediction value, a reconstruction value, structure information of a data unit, and syntax.
- the structure of the upper layer data unit may be inferred from the structure of the corresponding lower layer data unit (structure of the largest coding unit, structure of the coding unit, structure of the prediction unit, structure of the partition, structure of the transform unit, etc.). It may be.
- inter-layer prediction may be performed between a group of two or more data units as well as when compared between a single data unit of each layer image.
- a group of lower layer data units including a position corresponding to the group of upper layer data units may be determined.
- a lower layer data unit group including a data unit corresponding to a data unit at a predetermined position among the upper layer data unit groups may be determined as the reference layer data unit group.
- the data unit group information may indicate a structural condition for forming a group of data units.
- coding unit group information for higher layer coding units may be inferred from coding unit group information for configuring a group of coding units in a lower layer image.
- the coding unit group information may include a condition that coding units having a depth lower than or equal to a predetermined depth gather to form a coding unit group, a condition that a predetermined number or less of coding units gather to form a coding unit group, and the like. Can be.
- the data unit group information may be explicitly encoded and transmitted and received between the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 and the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500.
- group information of an upper layer data unit may be predicted from the group information of the lower layer data unit between the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 and the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500.
- the group information about the upper layer maximum coding unit may be inferred based on the group information about the lower layer maximum coding unit (transform unit).
- the encoding information about the upper layer slice including the higher layer data unit may be inferred by referring to the encoding information about the lower layer slice including the lower layer data unit including the position corresponding to the higher layer data unit.
- the encoding information about the slice may include not only information about a slice structure such as a slice shape, but also all encoding information of data units included in the slice.
- the encoding information about the upper layer tile including the higher layer data unit may be inferred by referring to the encoding information about the lower layer tile including the lower layer data unit including the position corresponding to the higher layer data unit.
- the encoding information about the tile may include not only information about a tile structure such as a tile shape, but also all encoding information of data units included in the tile.
- the upper layer data unit may refer to the same kind of lower layer data unit.
- the higher layer data unit may refer to different types of lower layer data units.
- encoding information of the lower layer data unit that can be used by the higher layer data unit has been described above in the ⁇ encoding information referenceable in inter-layer prediction>.
- encoding information that can be referred to in inter-layer prediction is not limited to only the above-described encoding information, but may be interpreted as various data generated as a result of encoding of an upper layer image and a lower layer image. Can be.
- one encoding information may not be referenced between upper / lower layer data units for inter-layer prediction, but a combination of at least one encoding information may be referenced.
- the reference coded information set may be variously set.
- mapping relationships between upper layer data units and lower layer data units corresponding to each other have been disclosed in ⁇ Mapping relationship between upper and lower layer data units in inter-layer prediction>.
- the mapping relationship between the upper and lower layer data units in the inter-layer prediction is not limited to the above-described mapping relationship. It can be interpreted as various mapping relationships between layer data units (groups).
- a combination of a reference encoding information set referenceable between upper / lower layer data units and a mapping relationship between upper / lower layer data units for inter-layer prediction may also be variously set.
- the reference encoding information set for inter-layer prediction may be variously set to ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ..., and the like, and the mapping relationship between the upper / lower layer data units is I, II, III, V ... can be set variously.
- the combination of the reference encoding information set and the mapping relation is " encoding information set ⁇ and mapping relation I “, “ ⁇ and II “, “ ⁇ and III “, “ ⁇ and V " Information set ⁇ and mapping relations I “,” ⁇ and II “,” ⁇ and III “,” ⁇ and V “, ...,” Encoding information set ⁇ and mapping relations I “,” ⁇ and II “,” ⁇ And III “,” ⁇ and V “, ...,” Encoding information set ⁇ and mapping relationship I “,” ⁇ and II “,” ⁇ and III “,” ⁇ and V “, ..., Can be set.
- two or more reference encoding information sets may be combined to one mapping relation, or two or more mapping relations may be combined to one reference encoding information set.
- the higher layer coding unit may refer to encoding information about a group of lower layer maximum coding units including corresponding positions.
- the higher layer maximum coding unit may refer to encoding information about a group of lower layer coding units including corresponding positions.
- encoding information of a higher layer coding unit may refer to encoding information of a lower layer maximum coding unit group including a corresponding position. That is, all of the positions corresponding to all positions of the higher layer coding unit may be included in the referenced lower layer maximum coding unit group.
- encoding information of a higher layer maximum coding unit may refer to encoding information of a lower layer coding unit group including a corresponding position. That is, all of the positions corresponding to all positions of the upper layer maximum coding unit may be included in the referenced lower layer coding unit group.
- an inferred inter-layer prediction scheme may be partially controlled. For example, when it is determined whether inter-layer prediction is performed at the maximum coding unit level, even if inter-layer prediction is performed on the current maximum coding unit of the higher layer image, the lower level included in the current maximum coding unit For only some of the data units (coding units, prediction units, transformation units, or partitions) of the inferred inter-layer prediction using corresponding lower layer data units, there is no corresponding lower layer data unit. Inferred inter-layer prediction is not performed on the remaining data units.
- a portion (coding unit, prediction unit, change unit, partition) included in the upper layer maximum coding unit may be inferred from the lower layer data unit, encoding information for the remaining portion of the maximum coding unit may be encoded and transmitted and received. have.
- the higher layer coding unit having the corresponding lower layer coding unit is the lower layer coding unit. It may be predicted with reference to a reconstructed image generated by intra prediction. However, single layer prediction using an upper layer image, not inter-layer prediction, may be performed on the higher layer coding unit having no corresponding intra predicted lower layer coding unit.
- inferred inter-layer prediction may be performed for the upper layer data unit only when a predetermined condition for the lower layer data unit is satisfied.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 may transmit information for indicating whether the inferred inter-layer prediction is actually performed.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 parses information indicating whether inferred inter-layer prediction is possible and reads that a predetermined condition is satisfied to perform inferred inter-layer prediction, and when the predetermined condition is satisfied, the lower layer.
- a combination of a series of encoding modes for a data unit may be referred to as it is, and the encoding modes of the higher layer data unit may be determined.
- residual prediction between prediction units of another layer may be performed only when the size of the higher layer prediction unit is greater than or equal to the size of the lower layer prediction unit.
- inter-layer prediction between maximum coding units of another layer may be performed only when the size of the higher layer maximum coding unit is greater than or equal to the size of the lower layer maximum coding unit. This is because the maximum coding unit or prediction unit of the lower layer is upsampled according to the resolution increase or decrease ratio or aspect ratio.
- an inferred inter-layer prediction mode may be enabled on the basis of a predetermined slice type such as I-, B-, and P-slice of a higher layer data unit.
- inter-layer prediction is prediction based on inter-layer intra skip mode.
- the inter-layer intra skip mode since there is no residual information of the intra mode for the higher layer data unit, the lower layer intra reconstructed image corresponding to the higher layer data unit may be used as the intra reconstructed image of the higher layer data unit. Can be.
- the inter-layer intra skip mode is selected depending on whether the slice type of the upper layer data unit is a slice type of inter mode such as B- or P-slice or an intra mode slice type of I-slice. Whether to encode (decode) the information indicating may be determined.
- encoding information of a lower layer data unit may be used in a modified form or in a reduced form.
- the motion vector of the lower layer partition is down-regulated to an accuracy of a specific pixel level, such as an integer pixel level and a subpixel level of 1/2 pixel level, and the motion vector of the down-leveled accuracy of the lower layer partition is higher. It can be used as the motion vector of the motion vector of the layer partition.
- motion vectors of a plurality of lower layer partitions may be merged into one and then referred to by a higher layer partition.
- the region where the motion vectors are merged may be determined as the fixed region.
- the motion vector may be merged only in partitions included in a fixed size region or data units of a fixed neighbor position.
- a motion vector of the upper layer data unit may be determined using only motion information of one data unit among the lower layer data units. For example, among a plurality of lower layer data units corresponding to a 16 ⁇ 16 upper layer data unit, a motion vector of a lower layer data unit at a predetermined position may be used as a motion vector of the upper layer data unit.
- control information for determining a region into which a motion vector is merged may be inserted into an SPS, PPS, APS or slice header and transmitted. Therefore, control information for determining a region into which motion vectors are merged may be parsed by sequence, by picture, by adaptation parameter, or by slice.
- the motion information of the lower layer partition may be modified and stored.
- motion information of a lower layer partition is stored as a combination of a reference index and a motion vector.
- the motion information of the lower layer partition according to an embodiment may be stored after being resized or modified with a motion vector corresponding to the reference index 0 on the assumption that the reference index is zero. Accordingly, the storage amount of motion information of the lower layer partition can be reduced.
- the stored motion vector of the lower layer partition may be transformed again according to the reference image corresponding to the reference index of the upper layer partition. That is, the motion vector of the upper layer partition may be determined by referring to the motion vector of the lower layer partition modified according to the reference image of the upper layer partition.
- 19 is a flowchart of a scalable video encoding method, according to an embodiment.
- the lower layer image is encoded based on coding units having a tree structure.
- the scalable encoding mode is determined to encode the higher layer image based on the coding units having the tree structure while referring to the lower layer image.
- the higher layer image is predictively encoded by referring to encoding information of the lower layer image based on the scalable encoding mode determined in operation 1920.
- the higher layer image may be encoded by referring to at least one of encoding information of the coding unit and encoding information of the transformation unit included in the coding unit, in the encoding mode of the lower layer image.
- the encoding mode of the higher layer image by referring to at least one of structure information, prediction mode, partition type, motion information, intra information, loop filtering related information, non-zero coefficient position information, and reconstructed texture information
- the encoding mode of the higher layer image may be determined.
- the prediction value of the higher layer image may be determined by referring to at least one of residual information, coefficient information, and a reconstructed prediction value in the encoding mode of the lower layer image.
- the encoding mode and the prediction value of the lower layer image, and the scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image are output based on the scalable encoding mode.
- the remaining encoding information may be further output except the information inferred from the encoding information of the lower layer image.
- the second scalable encoding mode only the scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image may be output.
- 20 is a flowchart of a scalable video decoding method, according to an embodiment.
- the encoding mode and the prediction value of the lower layer image and the scalable encoding mode of the upper layer image are parsed from the received bitstream.
- the first scalable encoding mode remaining information except information inferred from encoding information of a lower layer image may be parsed from a bitstream.
- the second scalable encoding mode only scalable encoding mode information of the higher layer image may be parsed from the bitstream.
- the lower layer image is decoded based on coding units having a tree structure, using the encoding mode and the prediction value of the parsed lower layer image.
- the upper layer image is decoded based on coding units having a tree structure, and the upper layer image is predictively decoded by referring to encoding information of the lower layer image according to the scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image.
- the encoding mode of the higher layer image may be determined with reference to the encoding information of the lower layer image.
- at least one of structure information, prediction mode information, partition type information, motion information, intra information, loop filtering related information, non-zero coefficient position information, and reconstructed texture information may be selected from among encoding modes of a lower layer image.
- the prediction value of the higher layer image may be determined by referring to at least one of residual information, coefficient information, and a reconstructed prediction value in the encoding mode of the lower layer image. Based on the encoding information of the higher layer image determined by inferring in this manner, the higher layer image may be decoded.
- 21 is a flowchart of a scalable video encoding method, according to another embodiment.
- a lower layer image is encoded based on coding units having a tree structure.
- a scalable encoding mode for scalable encoding with reference to the lower layer image is determined while encoding the higher layer image based on coding units having a tree structure.
- a data unit of a lower layer image to be referred to by a data unit of an upper layer is determined.
- the data unit based on the coding units of the tree structure may include at least one of a maximum coding unit, a coding unit, and a prediction unit, a transformation unit, and a minimum unit included in the coding unit.
- the higher layer image is predictively encoded with reference to the encoding information of the data unit of the lower layer thus determined.
- the data unit of the lower layer image of the same type as the current data unit of the higher layer image is determined, and the current data unit of the higher layer image is encoded by referring to encoding information of the data unit of the lower layer image.
- the data unit group of the lower layer image of the same group type as the current data unit group of the upper layer image is determined, and the current data of the upper layer image is referred to by encoding information of the data unit group of the lower layer image.
- the unit group may be encoded.
- another type of lower layer image data unit corresponding to the current data unit of the upper layer image may be referenced.
- Another type of data unit group of the lower layer image corresponding to the current data unit group of the upper layer image may be referenced.
- some of the lower data units included in the current data unit may be encoded by referring to the lower layer image, and others may be encoded in the upper layer. have.
- the encoding information inferred from the lower layer image may be changed, and the encoding information of the upper layer image may be determined with reference to the changed encoding information.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a scalable video decoding method, according to another embodiment.
- the lower layer image is decoded based on coding units having a tree structure, using the encoding mode and the prediction value of the lower layer image parsed from the received bitstream.
- the data unit of the lower layer image to be referred to by the data unit of the upper layer image is determined according to the scalable encoding mode of the higher layer image parsed from the bitstream.
- the coding units of the tree structure of the higher layer image may be predictively decoded with reference to the encoding information of the data unit of the corresponding lower layer image.
- the encoding information of the current data unit of the higher layer image may be determined by referring to the encoding encoding information of the data unit of the lower layer image corresponding to the current data unit of the higher layer image.
- the encoding information of the current data unit group of the higher layer image may be determined by referring to the encoding information of the data unit group of the lower layer image corresponding to the current data unit group of the higher layer image.
- another type of lower layer image data unit corresponding to the current data unit of the upper layer image may be referenced.
- the data unit group of another type of lower layer image corresponding to the current data unit group of the upper layer image may be referred to.
- the inter-layer prediction mode when the inter-layer prediction mode is determined for the current data unit of the higher layer image, some of the lower data units included in the current data unit are decoded with reference to the lower layer image, and others are higher It can be decoded in a layer.
- image data of a spatial region may be reconstructed while decoding is performed for each maximum coding unit, and a picture and a video, which is a picture sequence, may be reconstructed.
- the reconstructed video can be played back by a playback device, stored in a storage medium, or transmitted over a network.
- the scalable video encoding method described above with reference to FIGS. 19 and 21 corresponds to an operation of the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 includes a memory in which a program for implementing the scalable video encoding method described above with reference to FIGS. 19 and 21 is recorded on a computer, and the program is called and executed from the memory.
- the operation of the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 described above may be implemented.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus 1400 reads and executes the program from a recording medium on which a program for implementing the scalable video encoding method by a computer is recorded.
- the scalable video encoding apparatus described above with reference to FIG. The operation of 1400 may be implemented.
- the scalable video decoding method described above with reference to FIGS. 20 and 22 corresponds to an operation of the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 includes a memory in which a program for implementing the scalable video decoding method described above with reference to FIGS. 20 and 22 is recorded on a computer, and the program is called and executed from the memory.
- the operation of the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 described above with reference to FIG. Alternatively, the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 reads and executes the program from a recording medium on which a program for implementing the scalable video decoding method on a computer is recorded.
- the scalable video decoding apparatus 1500 described above with reference to FIG. 15 is performed. The operation of 1500 may be implemented.
- the above-described embodiments of the present invention can be written as a program that can be executed in a computer, and can be implemented in a general-purpose digital computer that operates the program using a computer-readable recording medium.
- the computer-readable recording medium may include a storage medium such as a magnetic storage medium (eg, a ROM, a floppy disk, a hard disk, etc.) and an optical reading medium (eg, a CD-ROM, a DVD, etc.).
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Abstract
Description
분할 정보 0 (현재 심도 d의 크기 2Nx2N의 부호화 단위에 대한 부호화) | 분할 정보 1 | ||||
예측 모드 | 파티션 타입 | 변환 단위 크기 | 하위 심도 d+1의 부호화 단위들마다 반복적 부호화 | ||
인트라 인터스킵 (2Nx2N만) | 대칭형 파티션 타입 | 비대칭형 파티션 타입 | 변환 단위 분할 정보 0 | 변환 단위 분할 정보 1 | |
2Nx2N2NxNNx2NNxN | 2NxnU2NxnDnLx2NnRx2N | 2Nx2N | NxN (대칭형 파티션 타입) N/2xN/2 (비대칭형 파티션 타입) |
Claims (15)
- 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 방법에 있어서,영상의 최대 부호화 단위가 계층적으로 분할된 부호화 단위들 중에서 분할이 완료된 부호화 단위들을 포함하는 트리 구조의 부호화 단위들을 기초로, 하위 레이어 영상을 부호화하는 단계;상위 레이어 영상을 상기 트리 구조의 부호화 단위들을 기초로, 상기 하위 레이어 영상을 참조하여 스케일러블 부호화하기 위한 스케일러블 부호화 모드를 결정하는 단계;상기 결정된 스케일러블 부호화 모드에 기초하여, 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보를 참조하여 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 부호화하는 단계; 및상기 스케일러블 부호화 모드에 기초하여, 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 부호화 모드 및 예측값, 및 상기 상위 레이어 영상의 스케일러블 부호화 모드를 출력하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 비디오의 영상이 공간적으로 분할된 최대 부호화 단위들 중, 각각의 최대 부호화 단위는 복수의 부호화 단위들로 분할되고, 각각의 부호화 단위는 인접하는 부호화 단위와 개별적으로 더 작은 부호화 단위들로 분할될지 결정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 부호화하는 단계는,상기 하위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보 중에서, 부호화 단위의 구조 정보, 상기 부호화 단위에 포함되는 변환 단위의 구조 정보, 예측 모드, 파티션 타입, 움직임 정보, 및 인트라 정보 중 적어도 하나를 참조하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정된 상위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보에 기초하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 부호화하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 부호화하는 단계는,상기 하위 레이어 영상의 레지듀얼 정보, 변환계수, 예측값, 복원값, 신택스 요소들, 루프 필터링 관련 정보, 넌-제로 계수 위치 정보, 복원된 예측값 및 복원된 텍스처 정보를 참조하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정된 상위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보에 기초하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 부호화하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 부호화하는 단계는,상기 결정된 스케일러블 부호화 모드에 기초하여, 상기 상위 레이어의 데이터 단위가 참조할 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정된 하위 레이어의 데이터 단위의 부호화 정보를 참조하여 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 부호화하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 데이터 단위는, 상기 최대 부호화 단위, 상기 부호화 단위, 및 상기 부호화 단위에 포함되는 예측 단위, 변환 단위 및 최소 단위 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 4 항에 있어서, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 부호화하는 단계는,상기 상위 레이어 영상의 현재 데이터 단위에 상응하는 동일한 종류의 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위의 부호화 정보, 다른 종류의 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위의 부호화정보, 상기 하위 레이어 영상 중 데이터 단위의 슬라이스 정보 및 타일 정보 중 적어도 하나를 참조하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상의 현재 데이터 단위를 부호화하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 제 4 항에 있어서, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 부호화하는 단계는,,상기 상위 레이어 영상의 현재 데이터 단위 그룹에 상응하는 동일한 그룹 종류의 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위 그룹 및 다른 종류의 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위 그룹 중 적어도 하나를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정된 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위 그룹의 부호화 정보를 참조하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상의 현재 데이터 단위 그룹을 부호화하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 방법.
- 스케일러블 비디오 복호화 방법에 있어서,수신된 비트스트림으로부터, 하위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보, 상위 레이어 영상의 스케일러블 부호화 모드를 파싱하는 단계;상기 파싱된 하위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보를 이용하여, 상기 하위 레이어 영상을, 최대 부호화 단위가 계층적으로 분할된 부호화 단위들 중에서 분할이 완료된 부호화 단위들을 포함하는 트리 구조의 부호화 단위들을 기초로, 복호화하는 단계; 및상기 상위 레이어 영상의 스케일러블 부호화 모드에 따라 상기 하위 레이어 영상 부호화 정보를 참조하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 상기 트리 구조의 부호화 단위들에 기초하여 예측 복호화하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 비디오의 영상이 공간적으로 분할된 최대 부호화 단위들 중, 각각의 최대 부호화 단위는 복수의 부호화 단위들로 분할되고, 각각의 부호화 단위는 인접하는 부호화 단위와 개별적으로 더 작은 부호화 단위들로 분할될지 결정된 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 복호화하는 단계는,상기 하위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보 중에서, 부호화 단위의 구조 정보, 상기 부호화 단위에 포함되는 변환 단위의 구조 정보, 예측 모드 정보, 파티션 타입 정보, 움직임 정보, 및 인트라 정보 중 적어도 하나를 참조하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정된 상위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보에 기초하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 복호화하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 복호화하는 단계는,상기 하위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보 중에서, 레지듀얼 정보, 변환계수, 예측값, 복원값, 신택스 요소들, 루프 필터링 관련 정보, 넌-제로 계수 위치 정보, 복원된 예측값 및 복원된 텍스처 정보 중 적어도 하나를 참조하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정된 상위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보에 기초하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 복호화하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 복호화하는 단계는,상기 비트스트림로부터 파싱된, 상기 상위 레이어 영상의 스케일러블 부호화 모드에 따라, 상기 상위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위가 참조할 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위를 결정하고, 상기 결정된 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위의 부호화 정보를 참조하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 상기 트리 구조의 부호화 단위들에 기초하여 예측 복호화하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 데이터 단위는, 상기 최대 부호화 단위, 상기 부호화 단위, 및 상기 부호화 단위에 포함되는 예측 단위, 변환 단위 및 최소 단위 중 적어도 하나를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 10 항에 있어서, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 복호화하는 단계는,상기 상위 레이어 영상의 현재 데이터 단위에 상응하는 동일한 종류의 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위의 부호화 정보, 다른 종류의 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위의 부호화정보, 상기 하위 레이어 영상 중 데이터 단위의 슬라이스 정보 및 타일 정보 중 적어도 하나를 결정하는 단계;상기 결정된 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위의 부호화 정보를 참조하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상의 현재 데이터 단위의 부호화 정보를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정된 현재 데이터 단위의 부호화 정보를 이용하여 상기 현재 데이터 단위를 복호화하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 제 10 항에 있어서, 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 복호화하는 단계는,상기 상위 레이어 영상의 현재 데이터 단위 그룹에 상응하는 동일한 그룹 종류의 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위 그룹 및 다른 종류의 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위 그룹 중 적어도 하나를 결정하는 단계;상기 결정된 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위 그룹의 부호화 정보를 참조하여, 상기 상위 레이어 영상의 현재 데이터 단위 그룹의 부호화 정보를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정된 현재 데이터 단위 그룹의 부호화 정보를 이용하여 상기 현재 데이터 단위 그룹을 복호화하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 복호화 방법.
- 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 장치에 있어서,영상의 최대 부호화 단위가 계층적으로 분할된 부호화 단위들 중에서 분할이 완료된 부호화 단위들을 포함하는 트리 구조의 부호화 단위들을 기초로, 하위 레이어 영상을 부호화하는 하위 레이어 부호화부;상위 레이어 영상을 상기 트리 구조의 부호화 단위들을 기초로, 상기 하위 레이어 영상을 참조하여 스케일러블 부호화하기 위한 스케일러블 부호화 모드를 결정하고, 상기 결정된 스케일러블 부호화 모드에 기초하여, 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보를 참조하여 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 부호화하는 상위 레이어 부호화부; 및상기 스케일러블 부호화 모드에 기초하여, 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 부호화 정보, 및 상기 상위 레이어 영상의 스케일러블 부호화 모드를 출력하는 출력부를 포함하고,상기 비디오의 영상이 공간적으로 분할된 최대 부호화 단위들 중, 각각의 최대 부호화 단위는 복수의 부호화 단위들로 분할되고, 각각의 부호화 단위는 인접하는 부호화 단위와 개별적으로 더 작은 부호화 단위들로 분할될지 결정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 장치.
- 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 장치에 있어서,영상의 최대 부호화 단위가 계층적으로 분할된 부호화 단위들 중에서 분할이 완료된 부호화 단위들을 포함하는 트리 구조의 부호화 단위들을 기초로, 하위 레이어 영상을 부호화하는 하위 레이어 부호화부;상위 레이어 영상을 상기 트리 구조의 부호화 단위들을 기초로, 상기 하위 레이어 영상을 참조하여 스케일러블 부호화하기 위한 스케일러블 부호화 모드를 결정하고, 상기 결정된 스케일러블 부호화 모드에 기초하여, 상기 상위 레이어의 데이터 단위가 참조할 상기 하위 레이어 영상의 데이터 단위를 결정하고, 상기 결정된 하위 레이어의 데이터 단위의 부호화 정보를 참조하여 상기 상위 레이어 영상을 예측 부호화하는 상위 레이어 부호화부를 포함하고,상기 비디오의 영상이 공간적으로 분할된 최대 부호화 단위들 중, 각각의 최대 부호화 단위는 복수의 부호화 단위들로 분할되고, 각각의 부호화 단위는 인접하는 부호화 단위와 개별적으로 더 작은 부호화 단위들로 분할될지 결정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스케일러블 비디오 부호화 장치.
- 제 1 항 및 제 7 항 중 어느 한 항의 방법을 컴퓨터로 실행시키기 위한 프로그램이 기록된 컴퓨터로 판독 가능한 기록 매체.
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US20150043639A1 (en) | 2015-02-12 |
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