WO2013007186A1

WO2013007186A1 - Economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission

Info

Publication number: WO2013007186A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/078441
Authority: WO
Inventors: 程乃士; 程越
Original assignee: Cheng Naishi; Cheng Yue
Priority date: 2011-07-11
Filing date: 2012-07-10
Publication date: 2013-01-17
Also published as: CN102278436A; CN102278436B

Abstract

An economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission is mainly applied in fields such as transportation means, construction machinery, and power machinery, and solves the problems of low transmission efficiency, high costs, and undesirable system service life and reliability caused by dependence on hydraulic speed control and a pressurizing system in the conventional continuously variable transmission technology. The continuously variable transmission has at least two transmission shafts (14, 15) parallel to each other. A screw mechanism is connected to a rear surface of a cone disk (5) on the transmission shaft (14) and capable of axial movement relative to the transmission shaft (14). The screw mechanism consists of a hollow screw (102) and a screw nut (101) fit with the hollow screw (102). The transmission shaft (14) is arranged in the hollow screw (102). One of the hollow screw (102) and the screw nut (101) that is not connected to the reduction mechanism or the motor is prevented from rotating by a stop pin (2), a stop block, or others, but structures, mechanisms, or parts neither incurring any axial load nor performing axial positioning thereon are connected to the housing of the continuously variable transmission. The continuously variable transmission reduces the costs and the loads on components.

Description

Economical and energy-saving continuously variable transmission

Technical field:

The invention relates to the field of transmission, in particular to an economical and energy-saving continuously variable transmission, which is mainly used in the fields of transportation tools, engineering machinery, power machinery and the like.

Background technique:

Conical disc type continuously variable transmission is widely used in transportation, engineering machinery, agricultural machinery, power generation equipment and other industrial fields. It is driven by a flexible transmission component between the cones, such as rubber belt, steel belt, chain, etc. Passing power and movement. Its pressurized system ensures a frictional connection between the cone and the flexible drive assembly, and the variable speed system achieves its variable speed function, which is a key part of this type of continuously variable transmission.

At present, the universal continuously variable transmission speed control and pressurization system is an electronically controlled hydraulic system. This type of system is characterized by the ability to adjust the speed and torque according to a preset control strategy and apply pressure to the cone. Hydraulic systems have higher energy consumption and cost, and lower reliability.

Mechatronically controlled continuously variable transmissions are also used in applications with low power conditions, such as motorcycles or mini-cars, but due to their low power, it is not necessary to optimize the load on the pressurization and speed control systems. However, in high-power applications, such as excessive load on the car, pressurization and speed control systems can greatly affect the performance, reliability and longevity of the system.

Summary of the invention:

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an economical and energy-saving continuously variable transmission which solves the problems of high cost, low transmission efficiency, and poor system life and reliability of the continuously variable transmission existing in the prior art.

The technical solution of the present invention is:

An economical and energy-saving continuously variable transmission having at least two mutually parallel transmission shafts, wherein each of the two transmission shafts has at least one pair of cones, and at least one flexible transmission element is sandwiched between the cones, each pair of cones One of the cones in the disk is a mounting structure that can move axially on the drive shaft, and the other of the cones is a structure that cannot move axially on the drive shaft; and a shaft on the drive shaft can move axially with the shaft. a screw mechanism is connected to the back of the cone disk, and the screw mechanism is composed of a hollow screw and a nut matched with the hollow screw, and a transmission shaft is arranged in the hollow screw, coaxial with the hollow screw and the nut; the hollow of the screw mechanism One of the screw and the nut is connected to the drive shaft coaxial with the bearing; the other of the hollow screw and the nut of the screw mechanism is connected to the axially movable cone disk coaxial therewith; the hollow screw and One of the nuts is connected to a motor via a reduction mechanism; the hollow screw and the nut are connected by a rolling screw with rolling elements.

In the economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission, the rolling spiral rolling body only moves in the raceway between the hollow screw and the nut; the effective working length of the raceway between the hollow screw and the nut is greater than the total length of all the rolling bodies. In the economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission, the raceway between the hollow screw and the nut has an internal circulation mechanism, and the rolling spiral rolling body only circulates in the raceway between the hollow screw and the nut.

In the economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission, the hollow screw or the nut is provided with an axial circulation hole, and the rolling spiral rolling body circulates in the raceway and the circulation hole through the connecting raceway of the raceway end and the circulation circulator of the circulation hole. .

In the economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission, two axially movable cones respectively located on two transmission shafts are directly or indirectly connected to the cone through at least one end, and the other end is directly or indirectly connected to the cone The spring or spring set on the associated drive shaft is pressed against the flexible transmission element and the fixed cone; wherein the bead of the speed-regulating screw mechanism and the spring or spring group on the drive shaft have a strong coefficient or total strength coefficient Greater than the spring force or the total strength of the spring or spring group on the other drive shaft.

In the economical and energy-saving continuously variable transmission, the probe or the swinging rod of the angular displacement sensor mounted on the continuously variable transmission housing is connected to the circumferential raceway provided on the hollow screw or nut.

In the economical and energy-saving continuously variable transmission, a spiral blade is arranged on a transmission shaft equipped with a screw mechanism.

In the economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission, the continuously variable transmission housing is provided with one or more position switches that can be triggered when the cone is axially moved to a specific position.

The economical and energy-saving continuously variable transmission, the one of the hollow screw and the nut that is not connected to the speed reduction mechanism and the motor, can be prevented from rotating by a stop pin, or a stopper, or the like, but does not generate an axial load thereon. And the structure, mechanism, or part for axial positioning is coupled to the continuously variable transmission housing.

In the economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission, each pair of cones, or both discs, is a cone, or one of them is a cone and the other is a flat disk.

The beneficial effects of the invention are:

1. The speed control system of the invention realizes the rotation of the motor into the axial translation of the cone by using the rolling screw with the intermediate rolling body, which can greatly reduce the torque required for the speed regulation, thereby reducing the motor and the speed control system. load.

2. The one of the hollow screw and the nut of the present invention which is not connected to the speed reduction mechanism and the motor is connected to the transmission housing through a stop pin or a stopper, and the axial force of the speed regulation can be enclosed in the transmission shaft, Transfer the load to the housing of relatively low strength to reduce the load on the housing.

3. The reluctance coefficient or total reluctance coefficient of the spring or spring group on the cone and the transmission shaft to which the screw mechanism is connected according to the present invention is greater than the resilience coefficient or total resilience coefficient of the spring or spring group on the other transmission shaft, which can be reduced. The load of the speed control system.

4. The rolling element between the hollow screw and the nut of the invention only moves in the raceway between the hollow screw and the nut; in order to ensure the speed regulation distance of the speed governing mechanism and the moving space of the rolling body, the rolling between the hollow screw and the nut Effective working length of the road It should be larger than the total length of all rolling elements, or with a rolling internal circulation mechanism, which can reduce the volume and weight of the speed governing mechanism and the housing.

5. The moving position measurement of the cone of the present invention is realized by an angular displacement sensor mounted on the transmission housing, and the probe or the swing rod is connected with the circumferential raceway provided on the hollow screw or the nut, which can improve the reliability of measurement. , cut costs.

6. The propeller blade is provided on the transmission shaft of the invention to improve lubrication and cooling, and the reliability and efficiency of the system can be improved.

7. The present invention does not provide a mechanical cone displacement limit, but instead a position switch that can be triggered when the cone is axially moved to the extreme position, the reliability of the system can be improved, and the load on the mechanical portion can be reduced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1: Schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the economical and energy-saving continuously variable transmission of the present invention.

In the figure, 1—motor drive speed governing mechanism; 101—speed governing nut; 102—speed governing screw; 2—stop stop pin; 3—acting shaft compression spring; rotating blade; 5—active shaft moving cone disk; - angular displacement sensor; 7 - driven shaft fixed cone; 8- position switch; 9 - active shaft fixed cone; 10 - flexible transmission element; 11 driven shaft cone; 12 - driven shaft compression Spring; 13-ball; 1 ~ drive shaft; 15 - driven shaft.

detailed description:

The economical and energy-saving continuously variable transmission of the invention has at least two transmission shafts parallel to each other, wherein each of the two transmission shafts has at least one pair of discs which are oppositely arranged on the opposite sides; each pair of cones or two discs a cone, or one of which is a cone and the other is a flat disk; at least one flexible transmission element is sandwiched between the cones; the flexible transmission element is a thrust steel belt for a continuously variable transmission, or a metal belt for a continuously variable transmission , or chain, or V-belt, or other closed-loop flexible components; one cone in each pair of cones can move axially on the drive shaft, and the other cone can not move axially on the drive shaft, with the drive shaft Rotating; a spiral mechanism (motor drive speed governing mechanism 1) is connected to the back of the cone on the drive shaft and axially movable between the shaft, and the screw mechanism is composed of a hollow screw (speed adjusting screw 102) and one The hollow screw is matched with a nut (speed nut 101), and the transmission shaft is arranged in the hollow screw; one of the hollow screw and the nut of the screw mechanism passes through the transmission shaft which belongs to the shaft The load is connected to the bearing of the radial load and is directly connected to the axially movable cone which it belongs to; the other of the hollow screw and the nut and the axially movable cone which it belongs to can simultaneously bear the axial load It is connected to the bearing of the radial load and directly connected to the drive shaft to which it belongs; one of the hollow screw and the nut is connected to a motor through a speed reduction mechanism.

The speed control system uses a rolling screw with an intermediate rolling element to convert the rotation of the motor into the axial translation of the cone, which can greatly reduce the torque required for speed regulation, thereby reducing the load on the motor and the speed control system. A pass-through pin (stop pin 2), or a stop, or other in the hollow screw and nut that is not connected to the reduction mechanism and the motor, can prevent it from rotating, but does not cause axial load and shaft The positioning structure, mechanism, or part is connected to the continuously variable transmission housing, and the axial force of the speed regulation can be enclosed in the transmission shaft, and the load is not transmitted to the relatively low-intensity continuously variable transmission housing, and The speed control function can be realized without the rotation of the speed governing mechanism. Thereby, the influence of the governing force on the continuously variable transmission housing is eliminated, and the reliability is improved.

The hollow screw and nut are connected by a rolling screw with intermediate rolling bodies such as balls. Compared with the ordinary sliding screw, the speed regulation torque is reduced, the spiral life is improved, and the requirement for the speed regulating motor is reduced.

Two axially movable cones on the two drive shafts are respectively connected to the cone directly or indirectly through at least one end, and the other end is directly or indirectly connected to a spring or a spring group on the drive shaft to which the cone belongs. On the flexible transmission element and the fixed cone disk; from the theory of continuously variable transmission transmission and experimental verification, the axial force required for speed regulation is greater than the axial force for compression on the other transmission shaft, To reduce the load of the speed control system, the torsion factor or total strength coefficient of the spring or spring group on the cone and the drive shaft connected to the screw mechanism is greater than the strength or total strength coefficient of the spring or spring group on the other drive shaft. . Experiments have shown that increasing the pressure of the active cone helps to reduce the speed regulation.

In order to reduce the volume and weight of the governing mechanism and the space required for the movement, there is no circulation mechanism above the hollow screw and the nut, or other mechanism for guiding the rolling element to the outside of the raceway between the hollow screw and the nut, The rolling elements between the hollow screw and the nut connected by the rolling screw only move in the raceway between the hollow screw and the nut; in order to ensure the speed regulation distance of the speed governing mechanism and the moving space of the rolling element, between the hollow screw and the nut The effective working length of the raceway should be greater than the total length of all rolling elements, or the internal circulation mechanism of the ball can reduce the space size. The space size is more critical for the automotive transmission.

The moving position of the cone is an important parameter for the control of the continuously variable transmission. However, in automotive electronics, the linear displacement measurement is not as cost, space and reliability as the angular displacement measurement. The moving position measurement of the cone of the present invention is installed in the continuously variable transmission. The angular displacement sensor 6 on the housing is realized by connecting a probe or a swing rod to a circumferential raceway provided on the hollow screw or nut. The angular displacement sensor is more reliable and costs less under the same precision conditions.

In order to reduce the system energy consumption, there is no oil pump for cooling and lubrication in the transmission. For the speed regulation mechanism with poor lubrication and cooling conditions, the propeller type rotary blade 4 is provided on the shaft equipped with the motor drive speed control mechanism 1 to improve lubrication. And cooling conditions.

The continuously variable transmission housing is provided with one or more position switches 8 that are actuatable when the cone is axially moved to the shift limit position. In order to reduce the load on the mechanical part, there is no mechanical limit for the displacement of the cone, and instead a position switch that can be triggered when the cone is axially moved to the extreme position is used as a safety measure.

As shown in Fig. 1, the economical and energy-saving continuously variable transmission of the invention is provided with a driving shaft 14, a driving shaft cone 5, a driving shaft fixed cone 9, a driving cone pressing mechanism (a driving shaft pressing spring 3), and The movable shaft 15, the driven shaft moving cone 11, the driven shaft fixed cone 7, the driven cone pressing mechanism (the driven shaft pressing spring 12), the flexible transmission element 10, and the driving shaft 14 are mounted thereon. A pair of tapered cones are arranged opposite to each other: a driving shaft cone 5 and a driving shaft fixed cone 9. The driven shaft 15 is mounted with a pair of tapered cones: the driven shaft fixed cone 7 and the driven The rotating cone 11 of the driving shaft 14 and the driven shaft 15 cannot rotate relative to the transmission shaft to which it belongs, and cannot move axially; the moving cone of the driving shaft 14 and the driven shaft 15 and the associated transmission shaft thereof Between the ball keys 13 or splines, or other relative rotations, which can be coupled to the axial movement; the flexible transmission element 10 is clamped between the cone on the drive shaft 14 and the cone on the driven shaft 15 The driving shaft 14 and the driven shaft 15 are drivingly connected through the flexible transmission component 10; the rear side of the driving shaft cone 5 is provided with a motor driving speed regulating mechanism 1, and the motor driving speed adjusting mechanism 1 is a spiral speed regulating structure, and the mechanism is provided There is a timing nut 101 and a speed adjusting screw 102, the speed adjusting screw 102 and the speed adjusting nut 101 are installed by a screw fit, and the speed adjusting screw 102 is connected to the driving shaft cone 5 through a bearing, and the speed adjusting nut 101 is mounted on the driving shaft through a bearing. On the 14th, the output speed of the motor drive speed regulation mechanism 1 The screw 102 and the driving shaft 14 are connected by bearings, and the input end of the motor driving speed regulating mechanism 1 is connected with the speed regulating motor.

In the present invention, each pair of cones (active shaft cone 5, drive shaft cone 9, or driven shaft cone 11, driven shaft cone 7), or both discs are cones , or one of them is a cone and the other is a flat.

In the present invention, the flexible transmission member 10 is a thrust steel belt for a continuously variable transmission, or a metal belt for a continuously variable transmission, or a chain, or a V-belt, or other closed-loop flexible member.

In the present invention, the flexible transmission component 10 in the continuously variable transmission can adopt a closed-loop flexible transmission component, such as: "The utility model patent mentioned: "a friction plate metal belt transmission component (publication number CN2428624Y)"; Or, the Chinese utility model patent mentions: "dry composite metal belt assembly for the continuously variable transmission (announcement number CN2662006Y)". The working process of the present invention is as follows:

The power output from the engine is transmitted directly to the drive shaft, and the flexible transmission element 10 is pressed between the drive shaft cone 5 and the drive shaft fixed cone 9 by the drive shaft compression spring 3, while the flexible transmission element 10 drives the driven The axially rotating cone 11 and the driven shaft are fixed to the cone 7 to thereby provide power output. The speed regulating motor drives the speed governing mechanism by the motor to drive the speeding mechanism 1 to change the working radius of the flexible transmission element 10 to realize the stepless speed change.

Claims

Rights request

1. An economical and energy-saving continuously variable transmission having at least two mutually parallel drive shafts, wherein each of the two drive shafts has at least one pair of cones, and at least one flexible transmission element is sandwiched between the cones, each In the cone disk, one of the cones is a mounting structure that can move axially on the transmission shaft, and the other of the cones is a structure that cannot move axially on the transmission shaft; a spiral mechanism is connected to the back of the moving cone, the screw mechanism is composed of a hollow screw and a nut matched with the hollow screw, and a transmission shaft is arranged in the hollow screw, coaxial with the hollow screw and the nut; One of the hollow screw and the nut is connected to the transmission shaft coaxial with the bearing through the bearing; the other of the hollow screw and the nut of the screw mechanism is connected to the axially movable cone disk coaxial therewith through the bearing; One of the screw and the nut is connected to a motor through a speed reduction mechanism;

The hollow screw and the nut are connected by a rolling screw with rolling elements.

2. The economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein:

The rolling elements of the rolling helix only move within the raceway between the hollow screw and the nut; the effective working length of the raceway between the hollow screw and the nut is greater than the total length of all rolling bodies.

3. The economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission according to claim 2, wherein:

The raceway between the hollow screw and the nut has an internal circulation mechanism, and the rolling elements of the rolling screw circulate only in the raceway between the hollow screw and the nut.

4. The economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission according to claim 2, wherein:

The hollow screw or nut is provided with an axial circulation hole, and the rolling spiral rolling body circulates in the raceway and the circulation hole through the circulator of the raceway end connecting the raceway and the circulation hole.

5. The economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein:

Two axially movable cones respectively on the two transmission shafts are respectively connected to the cone directly or indirectly through at least one end, and the other end is directly or indirectly connected to a spring or a spring group on the transmission shaft to which the cone belongs Pressed on the flexible transmission element and the fixed cone; wherein the cone or the spring or spring set on the drive shaft connected to the speed control screw has a stronger coefficient or total strength than the spring on the other drive shaft or The reluctance factor or total reluctance factor of the spring group.

6. The economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission according to claim 2, wherein:

The probe or pendulum of the angular displacement sensor mounted on the CVT housing is connected to the circumferential raceway provided on the hollow screw or nut.

7. The economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein:

A spiral blade is provided on the drive shaft equipped with the screw mechanism.

8. The economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein: The continuously variable transmission housing is provided with one or more position switches that can be triggered when the cone is axially moved to a fixed position.

9. The economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein:

A structure, mechanism, or mechanism in a hollow screw and nut that is not connected to a reduction mechanism and a motor, through a stop pin, or a stopper, or other means that can prevent it from rotating, but does not cause axial load and axial positioning thereof. Or the part is connected to the continuously variable transmission housing.

10. The economical energy-saving continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein:

In each pair of cones, or both discs are cones, or one of them is a cone and the other is a flat disc.