WO2012133592A1 - 電源装置及び電源装置を備える車両 - Google Patents
電源装置及び電源装置を備える車両 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012133592A1 WO2012133592A1 PCT/JP2012/058260 JP2012058260W WO2012133592A1 WO 2012133592 A1 WO2012133592 A1 WO 2012133592A1 JP 2012058260 W JP2012058260 W JP 2012058260W WO 2012133592 A1 WO2012133592 A1 WO 2012133592A1
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- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- supply device
- metal
- bus bar
- tab
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/521—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the material
- H01M50/522—Inorganic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power supply device in which a plurality of battery cells are connected by a metal plate and a vehicle including the power supply device, and more particularly to a power supply for a motor that drives an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle, an electric vehicle, and an electric motorcycle.
- the present invention relates to a power supply device optimal for a large-current power supply device used for household or factory power storage and the like and a vehicle including the power supply device.
- the power supply device can connect a large number of battery cells in series to increase the output voltage, and can be connected in parallel to increase the charge / discharge current. Therefore, a high-current, high-output power supply device used as a power supply for a motor that runs an automobile connects a plurality of battery cells in series to increase the output voltage. Since the power supply device used for this kind of application is charged and discharged with a large current, a plurality of battery cells are connected by a metal plate having a small electric resistance. (See Patent Document 1)
- the electrode terminals of each battery cell are connected by a bus bar formed of a metal plate.
- a bus bar formed of a metal plate.
- electrode terminals of adjacent battery cells are connected to each other using an elongated strip-shaped bus bar.
- the battery cells 1 are connected in three rows and five in a straight line and connected by a bus bar BB.
- the present inventors have found that in voltage detection using such a bus bar, a measurement error occurs due to the resistance of the bus bar itself.
- the conventional bus bar is made of copper or aluminum with a low resistivity, and its resistance value was insignificant and considered to be negligible, but the position where the voltage detection tab is fixed with the bus bar is different, The present inventors have found through experiments that the voltage drop due to the resistance component of the bus bar added to the individual cell voltages is also different.
- the resistance value is proportional to the length
- the resistance value of the bus bar varies depending on the position in the length direction.
- the bus bar becomes longer as the number of battery cells connected in parallel increases.
- the number of battery cells to be used tends to increase with the recent increase in output and capacity of power supply devices. If any one battery cell malfunctions, In particular, when many battery cells are used, monitoring of each battery cell is important in terms of ensuring safety. Therefore, more accurate voltage detection is required in order to accurately grasp the state of the battery cell.
- both ends of the metal plate 32 constituting the bus bar are fixed to the electrode terminals of the battery cell 31 with nuts. That is, the electrode terminal is inserted into the through hole of the metal plate 32, and a nut is screwed into the male screw of the electrode terminal to fix the metal plate 32 to the electrode terminal.
- the contact surface between the metal plate 32 and the positive and negative electrode terminals cannot be made of the same metal.
- the contact surface with the aluminum electrode terminals becomes a different metal.
- the power supply device in which the contact surface between the metal plate and the electrode terminal is made of a different metal has a drawback that corrosion due to electrolytic corrosion occurs on the contact surface of the different metal and cannot be stably adhered over a long period of time. Electric corrosion occurs when a current flows between dissimilar metals and the current electrolyzes and corrodes the metal.
- a bus bar with a clad material in which dissimilar metals are bonded together.
- a bus bar can be constituted by a clad material in which a copper plate and an aluminum plate are combined, and the aluminum plate can be brought into contact with the positive electrode and the copper plate can be brought into contact with the negative electrode (see Patent Document 2).
- a main object of the present invention is to provide a power supply apparatus and a vehicle including the power supply apparatus that can perform accurate voltage detection while suppressing errors in voltage detection of battery cells.
- a battery stack formed by stacking a plurality of battery cells having electrode terminals, and electrode terminals of adjacent battery cells A bus bar extended in one direction, a voltage detection line electrically connected to the bus bar, and a plurality of voltage detection tabs electrically connecting the bus bar and the voltage detection line
- the bus bar is made of a first metal and a clad material made of a second metal different from the first metal, and the bus bar further includes the electrode terminal provided on the first metal.
- a first terminal fixing portion for defining a fixing position; a second terminal fixing portion for defining a position for fixing the electrode terminal; provided on the second metal; and the voltage provided on the first metal.
- the conductivity of the first metal can be made higher than the conductivity of the second metal.
- the distance between the first terminal fixing portion and the tab fixing portion is longer than the distance between the tab fixing portion and the second terminal fixing portion. Can do. Thereby, the impedance between the first terminal fixing part and the tab fixing part can be brought close to the impedance between the tab fixing part and the second terminal fixing part, and the difference in resistance value due to the conductivity difference can be reduced. Can compensate.
- the first metal can be made thinner than the second metal. Therefore, the impedance between the first terminal fixing part and the tab fixing part can be brought close to the impedance between the tab fixing part and the second terminal fixing part, and the difference in resistance value due to the conductivity difference can be reduced. Can compensate.
- the first metal can be partially narrowed between the first terminal fixing portion and the tab fixing portion.
- the impedance between the first terminal fixing part and the tab fixing part can be brought close to the impedance between the tab fixing part and the second terminal fixing part, and the difference in resistance value due to the conductivity difference can be reduced. Can compensate.
- the width of the second metal can be formed wider than the width of the first metal.
- the first metal has two or more first terminal fixing portions
- the second metal has two or more second terminal fixing portions.
- the impedance between the first terminal fixing portions of the first metal can be made substantially equal to the impedance between the second terminal fixing portions of the second metal.
- the impedance between the first terminal fixing portion and the tab fixing portion closest to the second metal among the plurality of first terminal fixing portions is set to the plurality of the plurality of first terminal fixing portions.
- the impedance between the second terminal fixing part closest to the first metal and the tab fixing part can be made substantially equal.
- the first metal constituting the bus bar and the voltage detection tab can be made of the same metal. Therefore, a bus bar and a voltage detection tab can be easily fixed by laser welding or the like.
- the first metal constituting the bus bar is copper
- the second metal is aluminum
- the voltage detection tab can be made of copper.
- the power supply device which concerns on the 11th side surface, it extends in one direction for connecting the electrode terminal of the battery laminated body formed by laminating
- a first terminal fixing portion for defining a position for fixing the electrode terminal of one battery cell, a second terminal fixing portion for defining a position for fixing the electrode terminal of the other adjacent battery cell, and the first terminal fixing.
- a first terminal fixing portion, and a tab fixing portion that defines a position for fixing the voltage detection tab, the first terminal fixing portion and the tab fixing portion. Impedance between It can be made substantially equal to the impedance between the tab fixing portion and the second terminal fixing portions. Thereby, the error of the voltage value of a battery cell detected by each voltage detection tab can be suppressed, and an accurate cell voltage can be detected.
- the voltage detection tab can be laser welded to the bus bar.
- the voltage detection tab can be joined to the flexible substrate by reflow.
- the voltage detection line can be constituted by a flexible substrate extended in one direction, in which a plurality of detection lines electrically connected to each bus bar are collected. This makes it easy to handle a plurality of detection lines together.
- the bus bar is arranged in a posture substantially parallel to the stacking direction of the battery cells, and the flexible substrate is arranged in a posture substantially parallel to the bus bar.
- the voltage detection tab can be connected so as to bridge between the bus bar and the flexible substrate.
- the battery cell can be a rectangular battery cell having a rectangular outer shape.
- the volume height ratio can be improved and a bus-bar can be arrange
- the above power supply device can be used for a vehicle including the power supply device according to the seventeenth aspect.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the power supply device shown in FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the laminated structure of the battery cell and insulating spacer of the power supply device shown in FIG. It is a schematic top view which shows the battery laminated body which connected 10 battery cells 2 rows and 5 straights using the bus bar. It is a schematic plan view which shows the example which made the fixing position of the voltage detection tab the center of a bus bar. It is a model top view which shows the calculation method of a cell voltage. It is an expansion perspective view which shows the site
- Conventional example It is a model top view which shows the battery laminated body which connected the battery cell 3 by 5 straight. It is a model top view which shows the conventional battery module. It is a model perspective view which shows the bus-bar comprised with the clad material.
- the embodiment described below exemplifies a power supply device for embodying the technical idea of the present invention and a vehicle including the power supply device
- the present invention includes the following power supply device and a vehicle including the power supply device.
- the member shown by the claim is not what specifies the member of embodiment.
- the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the constituent members described in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to the description unless otherwise specified. It is just an example. Note that the size, positional relationship, and the like of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for clarity of explanation.
- each element constituting the present invention may be configured such that a plurality of elements are constituted by the same member and the plurality of elements are shared by one member, and conversely, the function of one member is constituted by a plurality of members. It can also be realized by sharing.
- the contents described in some examples and embodiments may be used in other examples and embodiments.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show a power supply that is mounted on an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle as a power supply device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and that supplies power to the vehicle running motor to run the vehicle.
- the perspective view of the power supply device 100 used for is shown.
- a power supply device 100 shown in this figure extends in one direction for connecting a battery stack formed by stacking a plurality of rectangular battery cells 1 having electrode terminals 2 and electrode terminals 2 of adjacent battery cells 1.
- the battery stack has a plurality of battery cells 1 insulated from each other and fixed in a stacked state.
- the battery cell 1 is a square battery cell.
- the battery cell 1 is a rectangular battery cell made of a lithium ion battery.
- the power supply device of the present invention can use a cylindrical battery cell without specifying the battery cell as a rectangular battery cell.
- it is not specified also as a lithium ion secondary battery,
- a nickel-hydrogen battery etc. can be used.
- the rectangular battery cell 1 accommodates an electrode body in which positive and negative electrode plates are stacked in an outer can 11 and is filled with an electrolytic solution, and the opening is hermetically sealed with a sealing plate 12.
- the illustrated outer can 11 is formed into a square cylinder that closes the bottom, and the upper opening is airtightly closed by the sealing plate 12.
- between the battery cells 1 can be insulated by interposing an insulating spacer 4 as necessary.
- the outer can 11 is obtained by deep drawing a metal plate such as aluminum and has a conductive surface.
- the battery cells 1 to be stacked are formed into thin squares.
- the sealing plate 12 is made of a metal plate such as aluminum which is the same metal as the outer can 11.
- the sealing plate 12 has positive and negative electrode terminals 2 fixed to both ends via an insulating material 13.
- the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 are connected to built-in positive and negative electrode plates.
- the lithium ion secondary battery does not connect the outer can 11 to the electrode.
- the outer can 11 since the outer can 11 is connected to the electrode plate via the electrolytic solution, it has an intermediate potential between the positive and negative electrode plates.
- a battery cell can also connect one electrode terminal to an armored can with a lead wire. The battery cell can be fixed to the sealing plate without insulating the electrode terminal connected to the outer can.
- the power supply device 100 has a plurality of battery cells 1 stacked to form a rectangular parallelepiped block-shaped battery stack.
- the battery cell 1 is formed in a block shape by laminating a surface on which the electrode terminal 2 is provided, in the drawing, a sealing plate 12 so as to be on the same plane.
- the electrode terminal 2 is disposed on the upper surface of the block.
- the power supply device 100 is laminated in a state where the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 at both ends of the sealing plate 12 are reversed from side to side. As shown in the figure, the power supply device 100 connects the battery cells 1 in series by connecting the electrode terminals 2 adjacent on both sides of the block with a bus bar BB.
- the bus bar BB connects both ends thereof to the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 and connects the battery cells 1 in series.
- the power supply device 100 shown in FIG. 1 connects the battery cells 1 in series to increase the output voltage.
- the power supply device of the present invention connects the battery cells in series and in parallel to increase the output voltage and output current. You can also
- the electrode terminal 2 is fixed to the sealing plate 12 with an insulating material 13 interposed therebetween, and has a cylindrical end portion.
- the cylindrical electrode terminal 2 can be provided with a caulking ring at the tip by caulking.
- the power supply device of the present invention does not necessarily have a structure in which the electrode terminals are crimped to provide caulking. This is because the bus bar can be welded and fixed to the upper end surface of the electrode terminal.
- the electrode terminal has a cylindrical shape, a polygonal column shape, or a shape in which a ring is provided so as to protrude outward from the upper end surface, and a bus bar is welded to the upper end surface.
- the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 are not the same metal but different metals.
- the positive electrode 2A is aluminum and the negative electrode 2B is copper.
- the bus bar BB connects the same metal to the electrode terminal 2 by using different metals at both ends.
- the bus bar BB connected to the battery cell 1 using copper and aluminum as the electrode terminals 2 has the second metal 3B as an aluminum plate, the first metal 3A as a copper plate, and the second metal 3B and the first metal 3A in close contact with each other. It is joined. (Bus bar BB)
- the bus bar BB can also be a clad material made of a first metal 3A and a second metal 3B different from the first metal 3A, in addition to a homogeneous metal plate.
- a voltage detection tab TB is fixed to the bus bar BB, and the cell voltage is detected.
- the first metal 3A and the voltage detection tab TB constituting the bus bar BB are preferably made of the same metal material. By making the bus bar BB and the voltage detection tab TB the same material, it can be easily fixed by laser welding or the like.
- a measurement error occurs due to the resistance of the bus bar BB itself, that is, the impedance.
- the cell voltage of one set of assembled battery cells KC1 to KC5 in which two battery cells are connected in parallel is detected from the difference between the tab detection voltages by connecting voltage detection tabs TB1 to TB6 to each bus bar BB.
- the voltage drop due to the resistance component of the bus bar BB added to the cell voltage value varies depending on the position where the voltage detection tab TB is connected to the bus bar BB.
- the bus bar BB and the voltage detection tab TB since the bus bar BB itself is made of copper as described above, welding between coppers of the same metal avoids the formation of an alloy between different metals. It is also preferable for obtaining a stable strength. As a result, the joining position of the bus bar BB and the voltage detection tab TB does not become the center of the bus bar BB but tends to be shifted to the first metal 3A side.
- the fixing positions of the voltage detection tabs TB1 to TB6 are exaggerated for easy understanding of the fixing positions shifted from the center.
- the resistance value between the fixed position of the voltage detection tab TB1 and the fixed position of the electrode terminal 2 of the assembled battery cell KC1 of the bus bar BB2 to which the voltage detection tab TB2 is connected is defined as C [ ⁇ ].
- the voltage detection tab TB2 is fixed at the position of the electrode terminal 2 of the assembled battery cell KC2 on the bus bar BB2, and therefore, between the fixed position of the electrode terminal 2 of the assembled battery cell KC2 and the fixed position of the voltage detection tab TB.
- the resistance value of the bus bar BB2 is approximately zero.
- the resistance value between the voltage detection tab TB and the assembled battery cell KC2 of the bus bar BB3 connected to the voltage detection tab TB3 is 0, and the resistance value between the voltage detection tab TB and the assembled battery cell KC3 is A.
- the resistance value between the battery pack cell KC3 and the voltage detection tab TB of the bus bar BB4 to which the voltage detection tab TB4 is connected is set to D
- the resistance value between the voltage detection tab TB and the battery pack KC4 is set to 0,
- the resistance value between the voltage detection tab TB and the battery pack KC4 is set to 0, and
- the resistance value between the voltage detection tab TB and the assembled battery cell KC4 is 0, and the resistance value between the voltage detection tab TB and the assembled battery cell KC5 is B.
- the cell voltage of the assembled battery cell KC1 should be represented by the tab detection voltage that is essentially generated between the voltage detection tab TB1 and the voltage detection tab TB2. This is a value obtained by adding the voltage of C [ ⁇ ] ⁇ current to the cell voltage of the assembled battery cell KC1.
- the cell voltage of the assembled battery cell KC2 is substantially equal to the tab detection voltage generated between the voltage detection tab TB2 and the voltage detection tab TB3.
- the cell voltage of the assembled battery cell KC3 is a value obtained by adding A + D [ ⁇ ] ⁇ current voltage from the tab detection voltage between the voltage detection tab TB3 and the voltage detection tab TB4.
- the cell voltage of the assembled battery cell KC4 is substantially equal to the tab detection voltage generated between the voltage detection tab TB4 and the voltage detection tab TB5.
- the cell voltage of the assembled battery cell KC5 is the voltage detection tab TB5 and voltage detection. This is a value obtained by adding the voltage of B [ ⁇ ] ⁇ current from the tab detection voltage between the tab TB6.
- the cell voltage of each assembled battery cell KC is not simply the tab detection voltage actually measured on the voltage detection tab TB, but is a value including an error. The voltage value cannot be detected.
- the problem of the voltage detection error due to the mounting position of the voltage detection tab TB on the bus bar as described above is not limited to the example in which the clad material is used for the bus bar, but also occurs in the bus bar made of the same metal.
- the bus bar made of the same material as shown in FIG. 5, by fixing the fixed position of the voltage detection tab TB, the distance from the center of the bus bar, that is, the voltage detection tab TB to each electrode terminal 2, The balance is maintained and the addition of the voltage due to the resistance component of the bus bar is equalized, so that the true cell voltage can be easily calculated.
- the structure of the bus bar itself is devised and adjusted so as to match the impedance. (Calculation method of cell voltage when the bus bar is homogeneous)
- the battery cells used in the assembled battery cell KC6 in which two battery cells are connected in parallel are referred to as a battery cell a and a battery cell b, respectively.
- the resistance value between the fixed position of the voltage detection tab TB6 and the fixed position of the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell a of the bus bar BB7 connected to the voltage detection tab TB7 is E [ ⁇ ], and the fixed position of the voltage detection tab TB7 is also the same.
- the resistance between the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell b and the fixed position of the battery cell b is F [ ⁇ ]
- the bus bar BB8 to which the voltage detection tab TB8 is connected, the fixed position of the voltage detection tab TB8 and the electrode terminal of the battery cell a 2 is G [ ⁇ ]
- the resistance value between the fixed position of the voltage detection tab TB8 and the fixed position of the electrode terminal 2 of the battery cell b is H [ ⁇ ].
- the voltage of the battery cell a is
- the voltage of the battery cell a (the voltage of the assembled battery cell KC6) ⁇ ⁇ (E + G) ⁇ current ⁇ .
- the voltage of the battery cell b is
- the voltage of the battery cell b (the voltage of the assembled battery cell KC6) ⁇ ⁇ (F + H) ⁇ current ⁇ . Since the impedance of the bus bar BB is E + G [ ⁇ ] ⁇ F + H [ ⁇ ], the cell voltages of the battery cell a and the battery cell b can be calculated if the impedance of the bus bar BB is considered as a constant. (Clad material)
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view showing how the voltage detection tab TB is fixed to the bus bar made of the clad material. (Voltage detection line 20)
- the voltage detection line 20 is formed of a flexible substrate.
- the flexible board has a string shape in which a plurality of detection lines that are electrically connected to each bus bar BB are gathered and is thin and not bulky, so that it is suitable for placement in a place where space is limited, such as an in-vehicle power supply device. .
- This flexible substrate is formed in a strip shape extending in one direction, and a plurality of soldering pieces for electrical connection with the voltage detection tab TB are provided in the middle.
- the flexible substrate is arranged in a posture substantially parallel to the stacking direction of the battery cells.
- the bus bar BB is also arranged in a posture substantially parallel to the battery cell stacking direction.
- the voltage detection tab TB can be connected so as to bridge between the bus bar BB and the soldered piece of the flexible substrate.
- the soldering piece of the flexible substrate is designed in advance so as to protrude to a position close to the tab so that it can be reflowed to the tab in advance.
- the voltage detection tab TB is soldered to the flexible board by reflow, while the bus bar BB is laser welded.
- the voltage detection tab TB is made of copper and the surface thereof is plated with tin. (Calculation method of cell voltage when clad material is used for bus bar)
- the clad material bus bar BB includes a first metal 3A and a second metal 3B.
- the second metal 3B is a metal having a lower thermal conductivity than the first metal 3A.
- the first metal 3A is made of copper
- the second metal 3B is made of aluminum.
- a voltage detection tab TB is fixed to each bus bar BB to detect a cell voltage.
- the voltage detection tab TB is made of copper, and the surface thereof is plated with tin. Therefore, the voltage detection tab TB can be reliably fixed to the bus bar BB made of the same material by laser welding.
- the voltage detection tab TB and the voltage detection line 20 can be fixed by solder reflow.
- each bus bar BB is provided with one or more terminal fixing portions that define a position for fixing the electrode terminal 2 and a tab fixing portion 3t that defines a position for fixing the voltage detection tab TB.
- the first metal 3A is provided with a first terminal fixing portion 3a and a tab fixing portion 3t
- the second metal 3B is provided with a second terminal fixing portion 3b.
- the impedance between the first terminal fixing portion 3a and the tab fixing portion 3t in each of the bus bars BB13 to 16b is Zb, and the impedance between the tab fixing portion 3t and the second terminal fixing portion 3b is set.
- Za the equivalent circuit of FIG. 8 can be expressed as shown in FIG.
- the impedance between the first terminal fixing portion 3a and the tab fixing portion 3t and the impedance between the tab fixing portion 3t and the second terminal fixing portion 3b can be made equal, that is, Za in the bus bar BB shown in FIG. If it can be set to be equal to Zb, the cell voltage can be easily corrected.
- the impedance of the first metal 3A and the second metal 3B in the plan view is adjusted to match the impedance.
- the width of the first metal 3A is reduced to increase the impedance, and the second metal 3B is made equivalent.
- variety of the 2nd metal 3B is enlarged, the impedance of the 2nd metal 3B is lowered
- the boundary between the first metal 3A and the second metal 3B is stepped as shown in FIG. 11, and the width of the harness at the step portion is gradually changed as shown in FIG. You can avoid getting caught.
- the change in width may be curved as well as linear as shown in FIG.
- the impedances can be matched by adjusting the thicknesses of the first metal 3A and the second metal 3B.
- the thickness of the first metal 3A is reduced to raise the impedance, and the same as the second metal 3B.
- the thickness of the second metal 3B may be increased to lower the impedance of the second metal 3B to be equivalent to the first metal 3A.
- the thickness change is not limited to a stepped shape, but can be gradually changed.
- the impedance can be similarly reduced by providing a slit or constriction between the first terminal fixing portion 3a and the tab fixing portion 3t in the first metal 3A to partially narrow the width.
- the effect to raise is acquired.
- the impedance can be finely adjusted by adjusting the depth of the slit and the constriction.
- the effect of increasing the impedance can be obtained by meandering the bus bar BB as shown in FIG.
- the boundary position between the first metal 3A and the second metal 3B is changed, and thereby the position of the tab fixing portion 3t can be adjusted.
- the impedance can be adjusted.
- the shape of the bus bar BB can be maintained the same as the conventional one, so that the work of fixing the bus bar BB and the like can be performed in the same manner as in the conventional case, and a reduction in work efficiency can be avoided.
- these structures can be used alone or a plurality of structures can be combined. (Parallel connection)
- each bus bar BB has two terminal fixing portions and a tab fixing portion 3t on the first metal 3A, and two second terminal fixing portions 3b on the second metal 3B.
- the impedance between the first terminal fixing portions 3a is Zc
- the impedance between the first terminal fixing portion 3a on the side close to the tab fixing portion 3t and the tab fixing portion 3t is Zd
- the second The impedance between the terminal fixing portions 3b is Zf
- the impedance between the second terminal fixing portion 3b near the tab fixing portion 3t and the tab fixing portion 3t is Ze.
- the width of the first metal 3A is made narrower than the second metal 3B, or the width of the second metal 3B is made smaller than the first metal 3A.
- the change is made smooth as shown in FIG. The same applies to the thickness of the first metal 3A being thinner than that of the second metal 3B, the width being partially narrowed, or the meandering shape.
- the present invention is not limited to the cell voltage, and the bus bar is used for the voltage of the battery stack formed by a combination of a plurality of battery cells. It can be used in applications for detecting voltage. (5 average)
- the present invention does not limit the number of parallelism to two, but can be three or more.
- the resistance component of the bus bar BB is RB
- the cell voltage detected by the tab fixing portion in which the voltage detection tab is fixed to each bus bar BB is: It can be expressed by a circuit as shown in FIG.
- the shunt current is equivalent to one battery cell and four resistors RB of the bus bar BB. Therefore, FIG. 23 can also be expressed by a circuit as shown in FIG.
- the resistance value of 4RB is a fixed value, an approximate value of the true cell voltage can be calculated based on the measured value of the cell voltage detected by the cell fixing unit.
- the bus bar is not limited to the clad material, and the present invention can be similarly applied to a bus bar using a metal plate made of the same material. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, if the voltage detection tab TB can be arranged in the middle of the assembled battery cell KC on the bus bar BB, the voltage rise of the bus bar BB is equalized, so Detection is easy. However, in reality, it is not always possible to arrange a voltage detection tab in the middle of an assembled battery cell, and particularly in a bus bar in which a large number of battery cells are connected in parallel, the voltage detection tab and electrode terminals are close and far from each other. Because there is something, there can be a difference in resistance. Therefore, in such a case, the shape of the bus bar described above can be used as appropriate in order to reduce the difference in resistance at each position. (Cooling method using refrigerant)
- the cooling of the battery cells employs an air cooling system in which cooling air is blown into the gaps between the battery cells to cool the battery cells.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a cooling system using a refrigerant can also be used.
- the power supply device 200 shown in FIG. 25 includes a battery stack 10 in which a plurality of battery cells 1 are connected, a cooling passage 6 that is thermally coupled to the battery stack 10 and cools the battery 1, and a cooling medium in the cooling passage 6.
- the battery stack 10 cooled by the cooling medium is divided into a supercooling side battery 10A thermally coupled to the forward path side of the cooling passage 6 and a heating side battery 10B thermally coupled to the return path side of the cooling path 6. is doing.
- the electronic component case 5 is disposed in the battery stack 10 in a thermally coupled state, and the electronic component case 5 is disposed closer to the supercooling side battery 10A than the heating side battery 10B.
- the above power supply apparatus can be used as a vehicle-mounted power supply.
- a vehicle equipped with a power supply device an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle that runs with both an engine and a motor, or an electric vehicle that runs only with a motor can be used, and is used as a power source for these vehicles . (Power supply for hybrid vehicles)
- FIG. 26 shows an example in which a power supply device is mounted on a hybrid vehicle that runs with both an engine and a motor.
- a vehicle HV equipped with the power supply device shown in this figure includes an engine 96 and a travel motor 93 that travel the vehicle HV, a power supply device 100 that supplies power to the motor 93, and a generator that charges a battery of the power supply device 100.
- the power supply apparatus 100 is connected to a motor 93 and a generator 94 via a DC / AC inverter 95.
- the vehicle HV travels by both the motor 93 and the engine 96 while charging / discharging the battery of the power supply device 100.
- the motor 93 is driven to drive the vehicle when the engine efficiency is low, for example, during acceleration or low-speed driving.
- the motor 93 is driven by power supplied from the power supply device 100.
- the generator 94 is driven by the engine 96 or is driven by regenerative braking when the vehicle is braked to charge the battery of the power supply device 100. (Power
- FIG. 27 shows an example in which a power supply device is mounted on an electric vehicle that runs only with a motor.
- a vehicle EV equipped with the power supply device shown in FIG. 1 is a motor 93 for running the vehicle EV, a power supply device 100 that supplies power to the motor 93, and a generator 94 that charges a battery of the power supply device 100.
- the motor 93 is driven by power supplied from the power supply device 100.
- the generator 94 is driven by energy when regeneratively braking the vehicle EV and charges the battery of the power supply device 100. (Power storage device for power storage)
- this power supply device can be used not only as a power source for a moving body but also as a stationary power storage facility.
- a power source for home and factory use a power supply system that is charged with sunlight or midnight power and discharged when necessary, or a streetlight power supply that charges sunlight during the day and discharges at night, or during a power outage It can also be used as a backup power source for driving signals.
- FIG. The power supply apparatus 100 shown in this figure forms a battery unit 82 by connecting a plurality of battery packs 81 in a unit shape. Each battery pack 81 has a plurality of battery cells connected in series and / or in parallel. Each battery pack 81 is controlled by a power controller 84.
- the power supply apparatus 100 drives the load LD after charging the battery unit 82 with the charging power supply CP. For this reason, the power supply apparatus 100 includes a charging mode and a discharging mode.
- the load LD and the charging power source CP are connected to the power supply device 100 via the discharging switch DS and the charging switch CS, respectively.
- ON / OFF of the discharge switch DS and the charge switch CS is switched by the power supply controller 84 of the power supply apparatus 100.
- the power supply controller 84 switches the charging switch CS to ON and the discharging switch DS to OFF to permit charging from the charging power supply CP to the power supply apparatus 100.
- the power controller 84 turns off the charging switch CS and turns on the discharging switch DS to discharge.
- the mode is switched to permit discharge from the power supply apparatus 100 to the load LD.
- the charge switch CS can be turned on and the discharge switch DS can be turned on to supply power to the load LD and charge the power supply device 100 at the same time.
- the load LD driven by the power supply device 100 is connected to the power supply device 100 via the discharge switch DS.
- the power supply controller 84 switches the discharge switch DS to ON, connects to the load LD, and drives the load LD with the power from the power supply apparatus 100.
- the discharge switch DS a switching element such as an FET can be used. ON / OFF of the discharge switch DS is controlled by the power supply controller 84 of the power supply apparatus 100.
- the power controller 84 also includes a communication interface for communicating with external devices.
- the host device HT is connected according to an existing communication protocol such as UART or RS-232C. Further, if necessary, a user interface for the user to operate the power supply system can be provided.
- Each battery pack 81 includes a signal terminal and a power supply terminal.
- the signal terminals include a pack input / output terminal DI, a pack abnormality output terminal DA, and a pack connection terminal DO.
- the pack input / output terminal DI is a terminal for inputting / outputting signals from other pack batteries and the power supply controller 84
- the pack connection terminal DO is for inputting / outputting signals to / from other pack batteries which are child packs.
- the pack abnormality output terminal DA is a terminal for outputting the abnormality of the battery pack to the outside.
- the power supply terminal is a terminal for connecting the battery packs 81 in series and in parallel.
- the power supply device 100 has an equalization mode for equalizing the battery units 82.
- the battery units 82 are connected to the output line OL via the parallel connection switch 85 and connected in parallel to each other.
- an equalizing circuit 86 controlled by the power supply controller 84 is provided.
- the equalization circuit 86 suppresses variations in the remaining battery capacity among the plurality of battery units 82.
- the power supply device according to the present invention and a vehicle including the power supply device can be suitably used as a power supply device for a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, an electric vehicle, or the like that can switch between the EV traveling mode and the HEV traveling mode.
- a backup power supply device that can be mounted on a rack of a computer server, a backup power supply device for a wireless base station such as a mobile phone, a power storage device for home use and a factory, a power supply for a street light, etc. Also, it can be used as appropriate for applications such as a backup power source such as a traffic light.
- Power supply controller 85 ... Parallel connection switch 86 ... Equalization circuit 93 ... Motor 94 ... Generator 95 ... DC / AC inverter 96 ... Engines KC1 to KC10 ... Battery pack; BB, BB1 to BB16 ... Busbar TB, TB1 to TB16 ... Voltage detection tab EV, HV ... Vehicle LD ... Load; CP ... Power supply for charging; DS Discharge switch; CS ... charging switch OL ... output line; HT ... host device DI ... pack input-output terminal; DA ... pack abnormality output terminal; DO ... pack connection terminal
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Abstract
Description
(バスバーBB)
(バスバーが均質の場合のセル電圧の計算方法)
(クラッド材)
(電圧検出線20)
(バスバーにクラッド材を使用した場合のセル電圧の計算方法)
(並列接続)
(5並)
(冷媒による冷却方式)
(ハイブリッド車用電源装置)
(電気自動車用電源装置)
(蓄電用電源装置)
1…電池セル
2…電極端子;2A…正極;2B…負極
3A…第一金属;3B…第二金属
3a…第一端子固定部;3b…第二端子固定部;3t…タブ固定部
4…スペーサ
5…電子部品ケース
6…冷却通路
7…冷却機構
10…電池積層体;10A…過冷却側電池;10B…加温側電池
11…外装缶
12…封口板
13…絶縁材
20…電圧検出線
31…電池セル;32…金属プレート
81…電池パック
82…電池ユニット
84…電源コントローラ
85…並列接続スイッチ
86…均等化回路
93…モータ
94…発電機
95…DC/ACインバータ
96…エンジン
KC1~KC10…組電池セル;BB、BB1~BB16…バスバー
TB、TB1~TB16…電圧検出タブ
EV、HV…車両
LD…負荷;CP…充電用電源;DS…放電スイッチ;CS…充電スイッチ
OL…出力ライン;HT…ホスト機器
DI…パック入出力端子;DA…パック異常出力端子;DO…パック接続端子
Claims (17)
- 電極端子を有する電池セルを複数積層してなる電池積層体と、
隣接する電池セルの、電極端子同士を接続するための、一方向に延長されたバスバーと、
前記バスバーと電気的に接続される電圧検出線と、
前記バスバーと前記電圧検出線との間を電気的に接続する複数の電圧検出タブと、
を備え、
前記バスバーは、第一金属と、該第一金属と異なる第二金属で構成されたクラッド材で構成され、
前記バスバーはさらに、
前記第一金属に設けられた、前記電極端子を固定する位置を規定する第一端子固定部と、
前記第二金属に設けられた、前記電極端子を固定する位置を規定する第二端子固定部と、
前記第一金属に設けられた、前記電圧検出タブを固定する位置を規定するタブ固定部と、
を有してなる電源装置であって、
前記第一端子固定部とタブ固定部との間のインピーダンスを、前記タブ固定部と第二端子固定部との間のインピーダンスと略等しくしてなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電源装置であって、
前記第一金属の導電率が、前記第二金属の導電率よりも高いことを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項2に記載の電源装置であって、
前記第一端子固定部とタブ固定部との間の距離を、前記タブ固定部と第二端子固定部との間の距離よりも長くしてなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項2又は3に記載の電源装置であって、
前記第一金属を、前記第二金属よりも薄くしてなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項2から4のいずれか一に記載の電源装置であって、
前記第一金属を、第一端子固定部とタブ固定部との間で、部分的に幅を狭く形成してなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項2から5のいずれか一に記載の電源装置であって、
前記第二金属の幅を、前記第一金属の幅よりも広く形成してなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項2から6のいずれか一に記載の電源装置であって、
前記第一金属が、2以上の第一端子固定部を有しており、
前記第二金属が、2以上の第二端子固定部を有しており、
前記第一金属における第一端子固定部同士の間のインピーダンスが、前記第二金属における第二端子固定部同士の間のインピーダンスと、ほぼ等しくしてなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項7に記載の電源装置であって、
前記複数の第一端子固定部の内、第二金属と最も近接した第一端子固定部とタブ固定部との間のインピーダンスを、前記複数の第二端子固定部の内、第一金属と最も近接した第二端子固定部と前記タブ固定部との間のインピーダンスと略等しくしてなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項2から8のいずれか一に記載の電源装置であって、
前記バスバーを構成する第一金属と、前記電圧検出タブとが、同じ材質の金属で構成されてなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項9に記載の電源装置であって、
前記バスバーを構成する第一金属が銅であり、第二金属がアルミニウムであり、
前記電圧検出タブが銅製であることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 電極端子を有する電池セルを複数積層してなる電池積層体と、
隣接する電池セルの、電極端子同士を接続するための、一方向に延長されたバスバーと、
前記バスバーと電気的に接続される電圧検出線と、
前記バスバーと前記電圧検出線との間を電気的に接続する複数の電圧検出タブと、
を備え、
前記バスバーが、
隣接する一方の電池セルの電極端子を固定する位置を規定する第一端子固定部と、
隣接する他方の電池セルの電極端子を固定する位置を規定する第二端子固定部と、
前記第一端子固定部及び第一端子固定部の間に配置され、前記電圧検出タブを固定する位置を規定するタブ固定部と、
を有してなる電源装置であって、
前記第一端子固定部とタブ固定部との間のインピーダンスを、前記タブ固定部と第二端子固定部との間のインピーダンスと略等しくしてなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項1から11のいずれか一に記載の電源装置であって、
前記電圧検出タブが、前記バスバーとレーザ溶接されてなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項1から12のいずれか一に記載の電源装置であって、
前記電圧検出タブが、前記フレキシブル基板とリフローで接合されてなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項1から13のいずれか一に記載の電源装置であって、
前記電圧検出線が、各バスバーと電気的に接続される検出線を複数纏めた、一方向に延長されたフレキシブル基板で構成されてなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項14に記載の電源装置であって、
前記バスバーは、前記電池セルの積層方向と略平行な姿勢に配置されており、
前記フレキシブル基板は、前記バスバーと略平行な姿勢に配置されており、
前記電圧検出タブは、前記バスバーと前記フレキシブル基板との間を橋渡すようにして接続してなることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項1から15のいずれか一に記載の電源装置であって、
前記電池セルが、外形を角型とする角形電池セルであることを特徴とする電源装置。 - 請求項1から16のいずれか一に記載の電源装置を搭載してなる車両。
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Also Published As
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US20140017532A1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
JPWO2012133592A1 (ja) | 2014-07-28 |
JP5976634B2 (ja) | 2016-08-23 |
US9831535B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
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