WO2012014632A1 - 流量測定用構造体および流量測定装置 - Google Patents
流量測定用構造体および流量測定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012014632A1 WO2012014632A1 PCT/JP2011/065291 JP2011065291W WO2012014632A1 WO 2012014632 A1 WO2012014632 A1 WO 2012014632A1 JP 2011065291 W JP2011065291 W JP 2011065291W WO 2012014632 A1 WO2012014632 A1 WO 2012014632A1
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- conduit
- flow
- flow rate
- fluid
- measuring device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
- G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
- G01F1/6842—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow with means for influencing the fluid flow
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
- G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
- G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
- G01F1/6845—Micromachined devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
- G01F1/684—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow
- G01F1/688—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element
- G01F1/69—Structural arrangements; Mounting of elements, e.g. in relation to fluid flow using a particular type of heating, cooling or sensing element of resistive type
- G01F1/692—Thin-film arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/68—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using thermal effects
- G01F1/696—Circuits therefor, e.g. constant-current flow meters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/12—Cleaning arrangements; Filters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/14—Casings, e.g. of special material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/18—Supports or connecting means for meters
- G01F15/185—Connecting means, e.g. bypass conduits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F5/00—Measuring a proportion of the volume flow
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a flow rate measurement comprising a conduit part through which a fluid to be measured flows, and a shunt part for diverting the fluid flowing through the conduit part and leading the diverted fluid to a detection element for measuring the flow rate of the fluid. And a flow rate measuring device using the flow rate measuring structure.
- the flow rate measuring device measures the flow rate of a fluid that is a gas or a liquid.
- the flow rate means the amount of fluid that moves in a certain cross section per unit time.
- the flow rate measuring device is provided with a detection element for measuring the flow rate of the fluid in a flow path through which the fluid to be measured flows, and measures the flow rate of the fluid using a detection signal from the detection element. It is.
- Applications of the flow rate measuring device include, for example, measurement of the flow rate of gas used for combustion in a gas meter, combustion equipment, automobile internal combustion engine, etc., measurement of the flow rate of exhaled air and inhaled air in medical equipment, blood flow rate, in industrial equipment Examples include monitoring the air flow rate and monitoring clogging of filters in various devices.
- flow rate measuring devices are classified into a straight pipe type and a shunt type from the viewpoint of structure.
- 17A shows the basic structure of a straight pipe type flow rate measuring device
- FIGS. 17B and 17C show the basic structure of a flow dividing type flow rate measuring device.
- the straight pipe type flow rate measuring apparatus 200 is directly provided with a detection element 202 for measuring the flow rate of the fluid in a conduit part 201 through which the fluid to be measured flows. It has a structure. In general, in the straight pipe type flow rate measuring apparatus 200, it is necessary to reduce the flow rate of the fluid to a detectable range of the detection element 202. For this reason, it is necessary to enlarge the cross-sectional area in the conduit
- a shunt type flow rate measuring device when measuring a large flow rate fluid, a shunt type flow rate measuring device is used.
- the split flow type flow measuring device estimates the total flow rate by dividing the fluid to be measured and measuring the flow rate of the divided fluid (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 5).
- a resistor 211 that provides an appropriate resistance to the flowing fluid is provided in the conduit portion 201.
- an inlet 213 and an outlet 214 of the flow dividing section 212 through which the flow of the fluid flows are connected to the periphery of the conduit section 201 and upstream and downstream of the resistor 211, respectively.
- a detection element 202 is provided in the flow dividing section 212.
- the resistor 211 gives an appropriate resistance to the fluid flowing through the conduit portion 201. As a result, a part of the fluid flows into the inlet 213 of the flow dividing section 212.
- a flow dividing portion 222 through which the flow of the fluid flows is provided at the central portion of the conduit portion 201, and the detection element 202 is provided in the flow dividing portion 222. It has a structured.
- the flow dividing section 222 itself functions as a resistor that prevents the flow of fluid in the conduit section 201, so that the fluid flows into the flow dividing section 222.
- Japanese Patent Gazette “Special Table 2003-523506 Gazette (published on August 05, 2003)” Japanese Patent Publication “Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-166720 (published on June 22, 1999)” Japanese Patent Publication “Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-329927 (Released on Dec. 07, 2006)” Japanese Patent Publication “Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2006-308518 (published November 09, 2006)” Japanese Patent Publication “Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-060287 (published Mar. 18, 2010)”
- FIG. 18A shows a state in which dust 203 is attached to the detection element 202 in the straight pipe type flow rate measuring apparatus 200 shown in FIG. In this case, the measurement accuracy of the detection element 202 is lowered.
- the same problem occurs in the flow dividing devices 210 and 220 shown in FIGS. 17B and 17C.
- FIG. 18B shows a state where dust 216 enters and adheres to the flow dividing section 212 in the flow dividing type flow measuring device 210 shown in FIG. 17B.
- the ratio a: b (hereinafter referred to as the diversion ratio) between the flow rate a in the vicinity of the resistor 211 in the conduit unit 201 and the flow rate b of the diversion unit 212 changes. It will be.
- the flow dividing device 210 of the diversion type measures the flow rate of the diversion unit 212 and estimates the flow rate to and from the conduit unit 201 from the measured flow rate and the diversion ratio a: b, the diversion ratio a: b Will change, the estimation accuracy of the flow rate in and out of the conduit part 201 will decrease. Further, when dust 216 accumulates on the flow dividing section 212 and the fluid does not flow through the flow dividing section 212, the flow rate cannot be measured. Note that the same problem occurs in the flow dividing type flow measuring device 220 shown in FIG.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a flow rate measurement structure and a flow dividing type flow rate measuring device capable of suppressing dust from entering the flow dividing portion. .
- the flow rate measuring structure splits the fluid flowing through the conduit part through which the fluid to be measured flows, and guides the split fluid to the detection element for measuring the flow rate of the fluid.
- an inlet for the flow dividing portion is provided at one of a central portion and a peripheral portion in the conduit portion, and the conduit portion is provided. Is provided upstream of the introduction port, and includes a guide portion that guides the fluid to the other of the central portion and the peripheral portion.
- the guide portion of the conduit portion is provided upstream of the inlet of the diversion portion. And when the said inlet is provided in the peripheral part in the said conduit part, the said guide part guides the said fluid to the center part in the said conduit part. Thereby, since the dust flowing through the conduit is guided to the central portion by the guide portion, it is possible to suppress the dust from entering the diversion portion from the inlet provided in the peripheral portion.
- the guide portion guides the fluid to the peripheral portion. Therefore, since the dust flowing through the conduit is guided to the peripheral part by the guide part, it is possible to suppress the dust from entering the diversion part from the introduction port provided in the central part.
- the dust flowing through the conduit portion is separated from the position of the inlet port by the guide portion of the conduit portion provided upstream of the inlet port of the flow dividing portion. Since it is guided to the position, it is possible to suppress the intrusion from the introduction port into the flow dividing portion.
- In the said flow measurement apparatus it is sectional drawing which shows the flow of the dust in the conduit part through which object gas flows.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show an outline of the flow rate measuring device 1 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2A is an exploded view
- FIG. 2B is a perspective view
- FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view with a part cut away.
- the flow rate measuring device measures the flow rate of a fluid that is a gas or a liquid
- the flow rate measuring device 1 of the present embodiment divides the fluid, and measures the flow rate of the divided fluid, thereby measuring the overall flow rate.
- This is a shunt type flow rate measuring apparatus for estimating the flow rate.
- the measurement target of the flow measurement device 1 is described as a gas, but the measurement target is not limited to this, and the measurement target may be a liquid.
- the flow measurement device 1 of the present embodiment is a thermal mass flow measurement device, but is not limited to this, and any method applicable to a shunt type flow measurement device can be used.
- the flow rate measuring device 1 includes a flow rate measuring structure 10, a seal member 11, a detection element 12, a circuit board 13, and a cover 14.
- the cover 14 is omitted.
- the flow measurement structure 10 is for measuring the flow rate of a gas to be measured (hereinafter referred to as a target gas), and is formed of a synthetic resin or the like.
- the flow rate measurement structure 10 includes a conduit portion 20 through which the target gas flows, and a branching portion for branching the target gas and detecting the flow rate of the shunted gas (hereinafter referred to as a shunt gas). 21, and a housing portion 22 that houses the seal member 11, the detection element 12, and the circuit board 13 disposed on the flow dividing portion 21.
- a target gas a gas to be measured
- a branching portion for branching the target gas and detecting the flow rate of the shunted gas
- the detecting element 12 is arranged in the diverter 21 and detects the flow rate of the diverted gas. Details of the detection element 12 will be described later.
- the circuit board 13 has the detection element 12 mounted on the lower surface, and various circuits for measuring the flow rate of the target gas using the detection signal from the detection element 12 are mounted on the upper surface.
- the seal member 11 prevents a shunt gas from leaking between the flow measurement structure 10 and the circuit board 13 and is formed of an insulator such as rubber.
- the cover 14 is for protecting the circuit board 13 and is formed of the same material as that of the flow measurement structure 10 so as to cover the tip of the accommodating portion 22.
- the conduit portion 20 is provided with a resistor 30 that gives an appropriate resistance to the flowing target gas.
- the shape of the resistor 30 include a shape that narrows the flow of the target gas to the center, a spoke shape, and a lattice shape as shown in FIG.
- an inlet 31 is formed on the upstream side of the resistor 30 so that the target gas is divided and flows to the branch portion 21.
- a discharge port 32 is formed for the fluid to flow from the flow dividing section 21 and join the target gas.
- the flow dividing portion 21 is formed with a detection chamber 33 in which the detection element 12 is disposed, and thin tube portions 34 and 35 for communicating the detection chamber 33 with the introduction port 31 and the discharge port 32, respectively.
- a plurality of inlets 31 and outlets 32 may be formed.
- a plurality of narrow tube portions 34 and a plurality of narrow tube portions 35 are also formed.
- the resistor 30 gives an appropriate resistance to the target gas flowing through the conduit portion 20. Thereby, a part of the target gas flows into the introduction port 31, passes through the detection chamber 33 through the narrow tube portion 34 as the above-mentioned diverted gas, is discharged from the discharge port 32 through the narrow tube portion 35, and joins the target gas. To do. Therefore, it can be understood that the diversion ratio a: b between the flow rate a of the gas passing through the resistor 30 and the flow rate b of the diverted gas passing through the diversion unit 21 is determined by the geometric shape of the resistor 30.
- FIG. 3 shows the detection principle of the detection element 12 used in the thermal mass flow measurement device 1 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3A shows a state where no shunt gas is flowing.
- (B) of a figure has shown the state in which shunt gas is flowing.
- the detection element 12 of the present embodiment is a small flow sensor (hereinafter referred to as a MEMS flow sensor) formed from a silicon wafer using MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) technology. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, a cavity 41 is formed on the upper surface of the silicon substrate 40, and an insulating film 42 is formed so as to cover the cavity 41.
- MEMS Micro Electro Mechanical System
- thermopiles 44 and 45 are formed on the upstream side and the downstream side of the heater 43, respectively.
- the thermopiles 44 and 45 are arranged in a zigzag shape by alternately connecting Al line elements and polysilicon line elements.
- the thermopiles 44 and 45 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the heater 43, and measure temperatures at symmetrical positions on both sides of the heater 43.
- a plurality of external connection terminals 46 are formed on the periphery of the insulating film 42.
- the wiring for connecting the some external connection terminal 46 to the heater 43 and the thermopile 44 * 45 each is formed.
- An insulating film 42 is further formed on the heater 43, the thermopile 44/45, and the external connection terminal 46, and the external connection terminal 46 is partially exposed by etching.
- the heater 43 When measuring the flow rate, the heater 43 generates heat at a predetermined temperature, and a predetermined temperature distribution (temperature gradient) ⁇ is generated around the heater 43. Since the thermopiles 44 and 45 are symmetrically arranged, as shown in FIG. 3A, when there is no flow of the diverted gas on the heater 43, the detected temperatures of both the thermopiles 44 and 45 are equal to each other. The difference is zero.
- thermopile 45 rises, while the detection temperature of the upstream thermopile 44 decreases, resulting in a temperature difference between the detection temperatures of both thermopiles 44 and 45. Since this temperature difference is proportional to the mass flow rate of the shunt gas, the mass flow rate of the shunt gas can be measured by the detection element 12 detecting the temperature difference. Then, the mass flow rate of the target gas can be estimated using the measured mass flow rate of the diverted gas and the above-described diversion ratio a: b.
- the MEMS flow sensor which is the detection element 12 of the present embodiment, has a small heat capacity due to its micro structure, and thus has a wide measurement range compared to other thermal detection elements, and has been extremely unsatisfactory in the past. Measurement of gas at a flow rate is possible. Further, in principle, bidirectional flow rate measurement is possible, and the power consumption is so small that the battery can be driven.
- FIG. 4 shows the flow of dust D in the conduit portion through which the target gas flows in the flow rate measuring device.
- A) of the figure shows a flow rate measuring device 1 of the present embodiment
- (b) of the same figure shows a flow rate measuring device 100 as a comparative example.
- the flow measuring device 100 of the comparative example is obtained by omitting the inclined portion 50 from the flow measuring device 1 of the present embodiment.
- the direction of the flow of dust D is directed toward the center of the conduit portion 20 by the inclined portion 50 as shown by the arrow in the drawing. Even after passing through 50, it can be understood that the direction is the same as the central axis of the conduit portion 20 when it proceeds in the direction for a while due to the inertial force and passes through the resistor 30. Further, in the inclined portion 50, the flow velocity of the gas and dust D increases as the cross-sectional area in the conduit portion 20 becomes narrower. Therefore, it can be understood that the dust D can be prevented from entering the inlet 31 provided between the inclined portion 50 and the resistor 30 and provided on the inner surface of the conduit portion 20.
- FIG. 5 shows the result of simulating the amount of dust D flowing into the flow dividing section 21 using the fluid analysis software for the flow rate measuring devices 1 and 100 shown in FIGS. .
- the flow rate at which the target gas flows into the conduit portion 20 is 100 L (liter) / min.
- the dust D was particles having a diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m and a specific gravity of 3000 kg / m 3 , and 1000000 particles were allowed to flow into the conduit section 20.
- the diversion ratio a: b of the flow measuring device 1 of this embodiment may correspond with the diversion ratio a: b of the flow measuring device 100 of the comparative example.
- the horizontal axis indicates the elapsed time
- the vertical axis indicates the number of particles passing through the detection chamber 33 in which the detection element 12 is disposed.
- a continuous line is a graph of the flow measuring device 1 of this embodiment
- a broken line is a graph of the flow measuring device 100 of a comparative example.
- the flow rate measuring device 1 according to the present embodiment has a number of particles passing through the detection chamber 33 of 1/10 or less as compared with the flow rate measuring device 100 of the comparative example, and the shunt flow of the dust D It can be understood that the intrusion into the portion 21 is suppressed.
- the target gas introduced into the conduit portion 20 of the flow rate measuring device 1 through such a pipe has a non-uniform flow velocity distribution in the cross section of the conduit portion 20.
- the diversion ratio a: b is determined on the assumption that the flow velocity distribution is uniform. Therefore, when the flow velocity in the vicinity of the inlet 31 is different from the average flow velocity, the diversion ratio is different, and the target gas It becomes impossible to accurately estimate the flow rate.
- the gas in the peripheral part of the conduit part 20 is mixed with the gas in the central part by the inclined part 50, so that the flow velocity distribution can be made uniform. Therefore, the diversion ratio is the same, and the flow rate of the target gas can be accurately estimated.
- the inner diameter of the inclined portion 50 is gradually narrowed from upstream to downstream, and is suddenly returned from the narrowest portion to the inner diameter of the conduit portion 20.
- it may be formed so as to gradually return to the inner diameter of the conduit portion 20.
- FIG. 6 shows a modification of the flow rate measuring device 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 (a) is a perspective view with a part cut away, and FIG. ) Is a front view, that is, a view seen from the direction in which the target gas flows.
- the flow rate measuring device 1 shown in FIG. 6 is different in the structure of the inclined portion from the flow rate measuring device 1 shown in FIG.
- the inclined portion 51 shown in FIG. 6 has a structure in which the inclined portion 50 shown in FIG. Even in this case, as shown in FIG. 4B, the dust D ⁇ b> 1 trying to enter the introduction port 31 can be moved to the central portion of the conduit portion 20, so that the entry of the dust D into the introduction port 31 is suppressed. be able to.
- FIG. 7 shows another modified example of the flow rate measuring device 1 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7A is a perspective view with a part cut away, and FIG. It is a front view.
- the flow measurement device 1 shown in FIG. 7 is different in the structure of the resistor from the flow measurement device 1 shown in FIG.
- the resistor 52 shown in FIG. 7 is opened at the central portion 53, and a plurality of long holes are formed along the double circumference centering on the axis of the conduit portion 20 at the peripheral portion 54.
- the resistors 30 and 52 used in the present embodiment desirably have an opening at the center.
- the dust D moved to the center of the conduit portion 20 by the inclined portions 50, 51, and 55 can be smoothly moved to the downstream side, and as a result, the entry of the dust D into the introduction port 31 is reliably suppressed. be able to.
- FIG. 8 shows another modification of the flow rate measuring device 1 of the present embodiment.
- (A) of the figure is a front view
- (b) of the figure is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2 (b) and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
- the flow rate measuring device 1 shown in FIG. 8 is different in the structure of the inclined portion from the flow rate measuring device 1 shown in FIG.
- the inclined portion 55 mixes the gas in the peripheral portion of the conduit portion 20 with the gas in the central portion while swirling, so that the flow velocity distribution can be made more uniform, and the dust D can be further removed from the conduit portion 20. It is possible to prevent diffusion to the peripheral part.
- the guide part 56 is formed as a convex part in the example of illustration, you may form as a recessed part.
- pipe part 20, the diversion part 21, and the detection element 12 of this embodiment may make object gas flow in the opposite direction, ie, may flow backward. Therefore, by adding the inclined portions 50, 51, and 55 of the present embodiment to positions that are symmetrical with respect to the resistors 30 and 52, the above-described effects can be achieved even if the target gas flows backward. That is, the present invention can be applied to a flow rate measuring device capable of measuring the flow rate of a bidirectional fluid.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show a schematic configuration of the flow rate measuring device 60 of the present embodiment.
- 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2B and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
- FIG. 10A is a front view with a part cut away.
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 9 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
- the flow measurement device 60 of the present embodiment is different from the flow measurement device 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in the structure of the conduit portion and the flow dividing portion in the flow measurement structure, and the other configurations are the same.
- symbol is attached
- the flow measurement structure 61 of the present embodiment is a flow dividing type flow measurement device that diverts the target gas at the center of the conduit 62.
- the flow dividing portion 63 of the present embodiment protrudes from the portion where the detection element 12 is provided in the conduit portion 62 to the central portion of the conduit portion 62.
- a detection chamber 71 in which the detection element 12 is disposed is formed at the proximal end portion of the flow dividing portion 63, while an introduction port 72 is formed on the upstream side and a discharge port is formed on the downstream side at the distal end portion of the flow dividing portion 63. 73 is formed. Further, the branching portion 63 is formed with narrow tube portions 74 and 75 for communicating the detection chamber 71 with the introduction port 72 and the discharge port 73, respectively. Further, three support members 76 that support the distal end portion of the diverting portion 63 are formed from the distal end portion of the diverting portion 63 to the inner surface of the conduit portion 62, respectively.
- the flow dividing portion 63 and the support member 76 give appropriate resistance to the target gas flowing through the conduit portion 62 as a resistor.
- a part of the target gas flows into the introduction port 72, passes through the detection chamber 71 through the narrow tube portion 74, and is discharged from the discharge port 73 through the narrow tube portion 75 as the shunt gas, and joins the target gas.
- the diversion ratio a: b between the flow rate a of the gas passing through other than the diversion unit 63 and the flow rate b of the diversion gas passing through the diversion unit 63 is determined by the geometric shape of the diversion unit 63.
- a vortex generator (guide unit) 80 is provided on the upstream side of the inlet 72 in the conduit 62 of the flow measurement structure 61. .
- the vortex generator 80 generates a flow that swirls around the axis in the conduit 62 with respect to the target gas.
- a disk part 81 for introducing the target gas from the peripheral part of the conduit part 62 is provided on the upstream side, and the target gas is supplied to the conduit part 62.
- An opening 82 for discharging from the center is provided on the downstream side.
- a large number (eight in the illustrated example) of curved plates 83 are arranged between the disc portion 81 and the opening 82 on the circumference centered on the axis of the conduit portion 62.
- the curved plate 83 is inclined toward the axis of the conduit portion 62 as it proceeds counterclockwise as viewed from the upstream side.
- the target gas flows from the peripheral part of the conduit part 62 toward the center part by the disk part 81 and the opening part 82. At this time, as shown in FIG. 10A, the target gas becomes a flow swirling counterclockwise by the curved plate 83 as viewed from the upstream side.
- the target gas that has passed through the vortex generator 80 flows downstream through the conduit 62 while rotating counterclockwise as viewed from the upstream.
- a centrifugal force acts on the target gas and dust D flowing through the conduit portion 62. Since the centrifugal force is proportional to the mass, a larger centrifugal force than the target gas acts on the dust D having a larger mass than the target gas. Therefore, the dust D flows around the conduit portion 62. As a result, it is possible to prevent the dust D from entering the inlet 72 of the flow dividing portion 63 provided in the central portion of the conduit portion 62.
- FIG. 11 shows the result of simulating the amount of dust D flowing into the flow dividing section 63 using fluid analysis, as in the graph of FIG.
- a solid line is a graph of the flow rate measuring device 60 of the present embodiment
- a broken line is a graph of the flow rate measuring device of the comparative example.
- the vortex generator 80 is omitted from the flow measurement device 60 of the present embodiment.
- the flow rate of the target gas flowing into the conduit 62 is 100 L (liter) / min.
- the dust D was particles having a diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m and a specific gravity of 3000 kg / m 3 , and 1000000 particles were allowed to flow into the conduit portion 62.
- the diversion ratio a: b of the flow measuring device 60 of this embodiment may correspond with the diversion ratio a: b of the flow measuring device of the comparative example.
- the horizontal axis indicates the elapsed time
- the vertical axis indicates the number of particles passing through the detection chamber 71 in which the detection element 12 is disposed. Referring to FIG. 11, in the flow rate measuring device 60 of the present embodiment, the number of the particles passing through the detection chamber 33 remains substantially zero, and the entry of dust D into the flow dividing portion 21 is well suppressed. I understand that.
- the vortex generator 80 mixes the target gas in the central part of the conduit 62 with the target gas in the peripheral part, and further agitates the target gas that has passed through the vortex generator 80.
- the flow velocity distribution in the cross section of the part 20 can be made uniform. Therefore, the diversion ratio is constant, and the flow rate of the target gas can be accurately estimated.
- FIG. 12 shows a modification of the flow rate measuring device 60 of the present embodiment.
- 12A is a front view
- FIG. 12B is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2B and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
- the flow measurement device 60 shown in FIG. 12 differs from the flow measurement device 60 shown in FIG. 9 in the structure of the vortex generator 80 and the conduit 62 in the arrangement region, and the other configurations are the same.
- the upstream side of the discharge surface from which the vortex generator 80a discharges the target gas is a large-diameter portion 64 having a large inner diameter
- the downstream side of the discharge surface is a small-diameter portion 65 having a small inner diameter. It has become. That is, the large diameter portion 64 is wider than the small diameter portion 65.
- the circumference passing through the tip portions of the plurality of curved plates 83 coincides with the inner periphery of the small diameter portion 65 on the downstream side as compared with the vortex generating portion 80 shown in FIG.
- the opening 82 is omitted.
- the internal diameter of the small diameter part 65 is the same as the internal diameter of the conduit
- the vortex generators 80 and 80a give the target gas a swirling flow, pressure loss occurs in the target gas that has passed through the vortex generators 80 and 80a.
- the small diameter portion 65 is narrower than the large diameter portion 64, so that the pressure of the fluid introduced from the large diameter portion 64 increases at the small diameter portion 65. Become. Therefore, the pressure loss can be reduced.
- the vortex generator 80 shown in FIG. 9 may be provided at an arbitrary position upstream of the inlet 72 instead of the vortex generator 80 a shown in FIG. However, by providing the vortex generator 80a shown in FIG. 12 adjacent to the small diameter portion 65 in the large diameter portion 64, the opening 82 can be omitted.
- FIG. 13 shows another modification of the flow rate measuring device 60 of the present embodiment.
- 13A is a front view
- FIG. 13B is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2B and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
- the flow measurement device 60 shown in FIG. 13 is different from the flow measurement device 60 shown in FIG. 9 in the structure of the vortex generator, and the other configurations are the same.
- a shaft portion 84 is provided in the central portion of the conduit portion 62, and a plurality of rod-like support members 85 that support the shaft portion 84 are provided.
- the curved plate 86 extends downstream.
- the curved plate 86 is shaped to rotate clockwise as viewed from the upstream side as it goes downstream.
- the target gas flows from the central portion of the conduit portion 62 to the peripheral portion by the shaft portion 84. Then, the curved plate 86 causes the flow to turn clockwise as viewed from the upstream side.
- the target gas that has passed through the vortex generator 80b flows downstream through the conduit 62 while rotating clockwise when viewed from the upstream side.
- a centrifugal force acts on the target gas and dust D flowing through the conduit portion 62. Therefore, the dust D flows around the conduit portion 62.
- the vortex generators 80, 80a, and 80b As described above, various structures are conceivable as the vortex generators 80, 80a, and 80b.
- the direction in which the target gas is swirled by the vortex generators 80, 80a, and 80b may be counterclockwise or clockwise when viewed from the upstream side.
- the number of the curved plates 83 and 86 in the vortex generators 80, 80 a, and 80 b may be one or more, and it is desirable that a plurality of the curved plates 83 and 86 are arranged at positions targeted for the axis.
- FIG. 14 shows still another modification of the flow rate measuring device 60 of the present embodiment.
- 14A is a perspective view with the upstream side cut away
- FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2B and viewed in the direction of the arrow. It shows the shunt and its surroundings.
- the flow measurement device 60 shown in FIG. 14 is different from the flow measurement device 60 shown in FIG. 9 in the structure of the flow dividing section, and the other configurations are the same.
- the conduit portion 62 in the conduit portion 62, it extends from the portion where the detection element 12 is provided to the inner surface on the opposite side beyond the central portion. Further, the support member 76 is omitted compared to the flow dividing portion 63 shown in FIG. 9, the shape of the cross section along the vertical plane in the extending direction is wide, and the inlet 72 and the outlet 73 are The space
- the diversion part 63a shown in FIG. 14 is one in which the diversion part 63 and the resistor shown in FIG. 9 are integrally formed.
- FIG. 15 shows still another modification of the flow rate measuring device 60 of the present embodiment.
- 15A is a perspective view with a part cut away
- FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2B and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
- the flow dividing part 63 and its periphery are shown.
- the flow measurement device 60 shown in FIG. 15 differs from the flow measurement device 60 shown in FIG. 9 in the structure of the flow dividing portion and the accommodating portion, and the other configurations are the same.
- a communicating portion 90 is formed which communicates from the center of the bottom surface of the accommodating portion 22 shown in FIG. 9 to the detection chamber 71b of the flow dividing portion 63b.
- a circuit board 13b on which the detection element 12 is mounted on the lower surface is disposed.
- the present invention can also be applied to the diversion flow rate measuring device 60 in which the detection element 12 is provided in the central portion of the conduit portion 62.
- FIG. 16 shows another modification of the flow rate measuring device 60 of the present embodiment.
- 16A is a front view
- FIG. 16B is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2B and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
- the flow rate measuring device 60 shown in FIG. 16 differs from the flow rate measuring device 60 shown in FIG. 9 in the structure of the vortex generator and the other configurations are the same.
- the vortex generator 80 shown in FIG. 9 is obtained by arranging the vortex generator 80 shown in FIG. 9 at a symmetrical position with respect to the opening 82.
- the vortex generator 80c shown in FIG. As described above, the vortex generator 80 c may be configured to introduce the target gas from the central portion of the conduit portion 62 and discharge the target gas from the peripheral portion of the conduit portion 62.
- the conduit 62, the diverter 63, and the detection element 12 may flow the target gas back. Therefore, by adding the vortex generating portions 80 and 80a to 80c of the present embodiment to positions symmetrical with respect to the flow dividing portion 63, the above-described effect can be obtained even when the target gas flows backward. That is, the present invention can be applied to a flow rate measuring device capable of measuring the flow rate of a bidirectional fluid.
- the shape of the vertical cross section in the direction from the upstream to the downstream in the conduit portions 20 and 62 is preferably a circular shape as in the above embodiment, but may be any shape such as a square shape. .
- the flow rate measuring structure is configured to measure the flow rate of the fluid that flows through the conduit portion through which the fluid to be measured flows, the fluid that flows through the conduit portion, and the separated fluid.
- an inlet for the flow dividing portion is provided at one of a central portion and a peripheral portion in the conduit portion.
- the conduit portion is provided upstream of the introduction port, and includes a guide portion that guides the fluid to the other of the central portion and the peripheral portion.
- the guide portion of the conduit portion is provided upstream of the inlet of the diversion portion. And when the said inlet is provided in the peripheral part in the said conduit part, the said guide part guides the said fluid to the center part in the said conduit part. Thereby, since the dust flowing through the conduit is guided to the central portion by the guide portion, it is possible to suppress the dust from entering the diversion portion from the inlet provided in the peripheral portion.
- the guide portion guides the fluid to the peripheral portion. Therefore, since the dust flowing through the conduit is guided to the peripheral part by the guide part, it is possible to suppress the dust from entering the diversion part from the introduction port provided in the central part.
- the inlet of the flow dividing portion is provided in a peripheral portion in the conduit portion, the guide portion is provided upstream of the inlet, and the fluid is supplied to the center.
- the guide portion may have an inclined portion that becomes narrower as the inner diameter of the conduit portion goes from upstream to downstream, at least near the introduction port.
- Dust that easily enters the introduction port flows near the upstream side of the introduction port. Therefore, according to the above configuration, dust that tends to enter the introduction port is guided to the central portion by the inclined portion provided near the upstream side of the introduction port. Intrusion can be suppressed.
- the inclined portion may be formed over the entire circumference in the conduit portion.
- pipe part becomes narrow with the said inclination part, the flow velocity of the said fluid increases and the said dust can be moved away from the said inlet rapidly.
- the flow velocity distribution in the conduit part can be made uniform. As a result, the flow rate of the fluid can be accurately estimated.
- the conduit portion further includes a resistor that gives an appropriate resistance to the fluid on the downstream side of the introduction port, and the resistor is a central portion in the conduit portion. It is preferable to open at the part. In this case, the dust collected at the central portion can be quickly moved downstream from the opening of the resistor. As a result, it is possible to reliably suppress the entry from the introduction port into the flow dividing portion.
- the introduction port of the flow dividing portion is provided at a central portion in the conduit portion, the guide portion is provided upstream of the introduction port, and the fluid is supplied to the peripheral portion.
- the guide part preferably has a structure for generating a flow in the fluid that swirls in the conduit part.
- the conduit portion may be widened upstream of the introduction port. In this case, since the conduit portion is narrowed to the introduction port, the pressure of the fluid introduced into the conduit portion increases to the introduction port, and the pressure loss can be reduced. .
- the fluid can flow back through the conduit portion and the diversion portion, and the conduit portion may further include a guide portion when the fluid flows back. .
- the flow rate of the bidirectional fluid can be measured.
- a flow measurement device for measuring the flow rate of a fluid to be measured the flow measurement structure having the above-described configuration, and a detection for measuring the flow rate disposed in the flow dividing portion of the flow measurement structure. If it is a flow measuring device provided with an element, the same effect as the above-mentioned effect can be produced.
- the dust flowing through the conduit portion is guided to a position away from the position of the introduction port by the guide portion of the conduit portion provided upstream of the introduction port of the flow dividing portion. Since it can suppress entering the said flow dividing part from the said inlet, it can apply to arbitrary flow measuring devices which are a flow dividing type.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一実施形態について図1~図8を参照して説明する。図1および図2は、本実施形態の流量測定装置1の概要を示すものであり、図2の(a)は分解組立図であり、図2の(b)は斜視図であり、図1は一部を切り欠いた斜視図である。
次に、本発明の他の実施形態について、図9~図16を参照して説明する。図9および図10は、本実施形態の流量測定装置60の概略構成を示すものである。図9は、図2の(b)のA-A線に沿って断面し、矢印方向に見た図であり、図10の(a)は、一部を切り欠いた正面図であり、図10の(b)は、図9のB-B線に沿って断面し、矢印方向に見た図である。
10 流量測定用構造体
11 シール部材
12 検出素子
13・13b 回路基板
14 カバー
20 導管部
21 分流部
22・22b 収容部
30・52 抵抗体
31 導入口
32 排出口
33 検出室
34・35 細管部
50・51・55 傾斜部(案内部)
53 中央部
54 周辺部
56 ガイド部
60 流量測定装置
61 流量測定用構造体
62・62a 導管部
63・63a・b 分流部
64 大径部
65 小径部
72 導入口
73 排出口
76 支持部材
71・71b 検出室
74・75 細管部
80・80a~c 渦発生部(案内部)
81 円板部
82 開口部
83・86 湾曲板
84 軸部
85 支持部材
90 連通部
D 塵埃
Claims (7)
- 測定対象の流体が流れる導管部と、該導管部を流れる流体を分流し、分流された流体を、該流体の流量を測定するための検出素子へ導く分流部とを備える流量測定用構造体であって、
上記分流部の導入口は、上記導管部内の中央部および周辺部の一方に設けられており、
上記導管部は、上記導入口の上流に設けられ、上記流体を上記中央部および周辺部の他方へ案内する案内部を備えることを特徴とする流量測定用構造体。 - 上記分流部の導入口は、上記導管部内の周辺部に設けられており、
上記案内部は、上記導入口の上流に設けられ、上記流体を上記中央部へ導くものであり、かつ、
上記案内部は、上記導管部内の径が上流から下流に向かうにつれて狭くなる傾斜部が、少なくとも上記導入口の近くに形成されたものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の流量測定用構造体。 - 上記導管部において、上記導入口の下流側に、上記流体に適当な抵抗を与える抵抗体をさらに備えており、
該抵抗体は、上記導管部内の中央部にて開口していることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の流量測定用構造体。 - 上記分流部の導入口は、上記導管部内の中央部に設けられており、
上記案内部は、上記導入口の上流に設けられ、上記流体を上記周辺部へ導くものであり、かつ、
上記案内部には、上記流体に、上記導管部内を旋回する流れを発生させる構造を有していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の流量測定用構造体。 - 上記導管部は、上記導入口の上流において広くなっていることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の流量測定用構造体。
- 上記導管部および上記分流部は上記流体が逆流することが可能であり、
上記導管部は、上記流体が逆流する場合の案内部をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1から5までの何れか1項に記載の流量測定用構造体。 - 測定対象の流体の流量を測定する流量測定装置であって、
請求項1から6までの何れか1項に記載の流量測定用構造体と、
該流量測定用構造体の分流部に配置される、上記流量を測定するための検出素子とを備えることを特徴とする流量測定装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201180031949.2A CN102959364B (zh) | 2010-07-26 | 2011-07-04 | 流量测量结构及流量测量装置 |
EP11812225.8A EP2600115B1 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2011-07-04 | Flow measurement structure and flow measurement device |
US13/806,496 US9103706B2 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2011-07-04 | Flow measurement structure and flow measurement device |
KR1020127033187A KR101472654B1 (ko) | 2010-07-26 | 2011-07-04 | 유량 측정용 구조체 및 유량 측정 장치 |
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JP2010-167416 | 2010-07-26 | ||
JP2010167416A JP5728841B2 (ja) | 2010-07-26 | 2010-07-26 | 流量測定用構造体および流量測定装置 |
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WO2012014632A1 true WO2012014632A1 (ja) | 2012-02-02 |
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PCT/JP2011/065291 WO2012014632A1 (ja) | 2010-07-26 | 2011-07-04 | 流量測定用構造体および流量測定装置 |
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US (1) | US9103706B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2600115B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5728841B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101472654B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102959364B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012014632A1 (ja) |
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JP2019132260A (ja) * | 2018-02-02 | 2019-08-08 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の吸気装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2012026930A (ja) | 2012-02-09 |
CN102959364A (zh) | 2013-03-06 |
KR20130028946A (ko) | 2013-03-20 |
JP5728841B2 (ja) | 2015-06-03 |
KR101472654B1 (ko) | 2014-12-15 |
CN102959364B (zh) | 2016-10-19 |
EP2600115B1 (en) | 2020-11-04 |
US20130167630A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
EP2600115A1 (en) | 2013-06-05 |
EP2600115A4 (en) | 2014-06-18 |
US9103706B2 (en) | 2015-08-11 |
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