WO2011067850A1 - 画像処理装置 - Google Patents
画像処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011067850A1 WO2011067850A1 PCT/JP2009/070384 JP2009070384W WO2011067850A1 WO 2011067850 A1 WO2011067850 A1 WO 2011067850A1 JP 2009070384 W JP2009070384 W JP 2009070384W WO 2011067850 A1 WO2011067850 A1 WO 2011067850A1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 63
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003708 edge detection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/64—Circuits for processing colour signals
- H04N9/646—Circuits for processing colour signals for image enhancement, e.g. vertical detail restoration, cross-colour elimination, contour correction, chrominance trapping filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/10—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths
- H04N23/12—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths with one sensor only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N2209/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N2209/04—Picture signal generators
- H04N2209/041—Picture signal generators using solid-state devices
- H04N2209/042—Picture signal generators using solid-state devices having a single pick-up sensor
- H04N2209/045—Picture signal generators using solid-state devices having a single pick-up sensor using mosaic colour filter
- H04N2209/046—Colour interpolation to calculate the missing colour values
Definitions
- the present invention relates to image processing for suppressing a folding signal generated in an image signal.
- color filters for image sensors such as CCD and CMOS sensors, and those having a combination of primary colors (red, green, blue) and complementary colors (cyan, magenta, yellow) are typical.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the primary color Bayer arrangement of the image sensor. A pattern in which one red (R) and one blue (B) are arranged obliquely with respect to the four pixels and green (G1, G2) is arranged with respect to the remaining two pixels is repeated.
- V-LPF vertical low-pass filter
- H-LPF horizontal low-pass filter
- V-LPF processing and H-LPF processing are similarly performed to generate an R luminance signal.
- a value other than the B pixel is set to 0, and V-LPF processing and H-LPF processing are similarly performed to generate a B luminance signal.
- a signal obtained by adding the R luminance signal and the B luminance signal to the G luminance signal may be used as the first luminance signal.
- V-LPF processing for limiting the vertical band using the signals of the pixels of all colors without distinguishing the colors among the signals of the RGB pixels obtained by digitizing the output of the image sensor of the primary color Bayer array Then, H-LPF processing for limiting the horizontal band is performed to obtain a new signal.
- a signal obtained by this method is referred to as a second luminance signal.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a resolvable spatial frequency characteristic of the first luminance signal and the second luminance signal.
- the x-axis indicates the frequency space in the horizontal (H) direction of the subject
- the y-axis indicates the frequency space in the vertical (V) direction
- the spatial frequency increases as the distance from the origin increases.
- the resolution limit in the horizontal and vertical directions of the first luminance signal generated using only the G pixel signal is equal to the Nyquist frequency ( ⁇ / 2) of the G pixel array.
- the limit resolution frequency in the oblique direction is lower than in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the space in which the inside of the rhombus region 1501 in FIG. 14 can be resolved. It becomes frequency.
- the luminance signal having the highest resolution among the R, G, and B luminance signals is the G luminance signal generated from only the G pixel signal.
- the second luminance signal since the luminance signal is generated using the signals of the pixels of all colors, the second luminance signal has a spatial frequency at which the square area 1502 as shown in the figure can be resolved when the subject is achromatic. Unlike the first luminance signal, pixels of any color are present in all the lines even in the oblique direction, so that the spatial frequency that can be resolved in the oblique direction is higher than that of the first luminance signal.
- signals are hardly output from pixels other than the R pixel, only a resolution in a range 1503 that is a quarter of that when the subject is achromatic can be obtained.
- Patent Document 1 there has been proposed one that generates a luminance signal by changing the mixing ratio of the first luminance signal and the second luminance signal depending on whether the subject is black and white or color.
- Patent Document 3 a method of suppressing noise by dividing an image signal into a plurality of frequency components is known. Also, a method is known in which a reduced image signal obtained by reducing an image signal is generated, and noise is suppressed by combining the reduced image signal and the original image signal.
- a reduced image composed of lower frequency components than the input image is generated by performing reduction processing on the input image signal. Then, the edge intensity is detected from the reduced image signal of the low frequency component, and a region where the edge component should be maintained is obtained based on the edge intensity. Then, the original image signal and the reduced image signal of the low frequency component are combined to generate a new image signal by changing the weight for each region so that the image of the region where the edge component should be maintained is not blurred. .
- the method of suppressing noise by synthesizing the image signals of the plurality of frequency bands does not consider the aliasing signal.
- each pixel can have all color signals without interpolation by downsampling processing performed at the time of band division.
- the color filters in a certain row are arranged in the order of R, G, R, G, R, G...
- the R signal originally arranged in one cycle for every two pixels becomes a signal for each pixel by the downsampling process.
- the G signal originally present in one of the two pixels becomes a signal for each pixel by the down-sampling process.
- the value is obtained by calculating an average value from pixel values on both sides in order to match the center of gravity position of the G signal to the R signal.
- all RGB color signals are generated at the same pixel position without interpolation.
- the generation of a plurality of types of signals at the same pixel position is referred to as synchronization.
- the down-sampled image signal is synchronized, in order to synthesize the original image signal with the down-sampled image signal, it is also necessary to synchronize the original image signal. However, even though the noise is suppressed by the downsampling process, the original image signal is synchronized, so that the aliasing signal included in the original image signal is superimposed on the synthesized image signal. Become.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in an image processing apparatus that performs noise processing or the like by dividing an input signal into a plurality of bands, it can also suppress a folded signal of an image signal due to sampling of an image sensor.
- An object is to provide a possible image processing apparatus.
- the invention according to claim 1 of the present application is configured to generate a plurality of image signals having different frequency bands from the image signal, and generate the image signal from the image signal.
- a synthesizing unit that synthesizes the plurality of image signals and an image signal composed of a plurality of color signals including a first color signal are input, and the image signal is in accordance with the first color signal of the input image signals.
- a first luminance signal generating means for generating a first luminance signal using an image signal obtained by interpolating the first color signal for a non-existing pixel; and a plurality of colors including the first color signal
- a second luminance signal generating unit that receives the image signal composed of signals and generates a second luminance signal using the plurality of color signals without distinguishing the plurality of color signals; and the first luminance signal And the second luminance signal, or
- a luminance mixing unit that generates a luminance signal selected from any one of the plurality of image signals to be combined by the combining unit, and the image signal having the highest frequency band is generated by the luminance mixing unit.
- An image processing apparatus including a luminance signal is provided.
- the invention according to claim 7 of the present application includes a generation step in which an image signal is input and a plurality of image signals having different frequency bands are generated from the image signal, and the generation step A synthesis step of synthesizing the plurality of generated image signals and an image signal composed of a plurality of color signals including a first color signal are input, and the first color signal of the input image signals is input Including a first luminance signal generation step for generating a first luminance signal using an image signal obtained by interpolating the first color signal for a pixel not complying with the first color signal, and A second luminance signal generating step of receiving an image signal composed of a plurality of color signals and generating a second luminance signal using the plurality of color signals without distinguishing the plurality of color signals; Combining one luminance signal and the second luminance signal; Or a luminance mixing step for generating a luminance signal of which one is selected, and the image signal having the highest frequency band among the plurality of image
- the present invention it is possible to suppress the aliasing signal while performing the noise suppression processing by dividing the image signal into a plurality of bands.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining processing contents in an image processing circuit 105 in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a process in which a first luminance signal generation circuit 204 in FIG. 2 generates a first luminance signal Ya.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a process in which a second luminance signal generation circuit 205 in FIG. 2 generates a second luminance signal Yb. It is a figure which shows the mixing rate (alpha) of the 1st luminance signal with respect to saturation S.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a process in which a first luminance signal generation circuit 204 in FIG. 2 generates a first luminance signal Ya.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a process in which a second luminance signal generation circuit 205 in FIG. 2 generates a second luminance signal Yb.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an upsampling process in an enlargement circuit 212.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the filter coefficient of edge detection in the synthetic
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a digital camera according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention can be realized not only with a digital camera but also with a digital video camera, a personal computer, or the like as long as the apparatus can perform image processing on an image signal.
- the optical system 101 includes a lens group including a zoom lens and a focus lens, a diaphragm device, and a shutter device.
- the optical system 101 adjusts the magnification, focus position, or light amount of the subject image that reaches the image sensor 102.
- the image sensor 102 is a photoelectric conversion element such as a CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) or CMOS (Complementary-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) sensor, and generates an image signal by converting a subject image into an electrical signal.
- CCD Charge-Coupled Device
- CMOS Complementary-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor
- the pre-processing circuit 103 includes a CDS (Correllated Double Double Sampling) circuit and an amplifier circuit.
- the CDS circuit suppresses the dark current included in the image signal generated by the image sensor 102, and the amplifier circuit amplifies the image signal output from the CDS circuit.
- the A / D converter 104 converts the image signal output from the preprocessing circuit 103 into a digital image signal.
- the image processing circuit 105 performs white balance processing, noise suppression processing, gradation conversion processing, contour correction processing, and the like on the image signal, and outputs the image signal as a luminance signal Y and color difference signals U and V.
- the image processing circuit 105 also calculates a brightness value of the subject and a focus value indicating the focus state of the subject from the image signal.
- the image processing circuit 105 can perform similar image processing not only on the image signal output from the A / D converter 104 but also on the image signal read from the recording medium 109.
- the control circuit 106 controls each circuit constituting the digital camera of the present embodiment to control the operation of the digital camera. Based on the luminance value obtained from the image signal processed by the image processing circuit 105 and the instruction transmitted from the operation member 110, drive control of the optical system 101 and the image sensor 102 is also performed.
- the display memory 107 is a memory that temporarily stores an image signal that is a source of an image displayed on the display device 108.
- the display device 108 includes a liquid crystal display or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) display, and displays an image using an image signal generated by the image sensor 102 or an image signal read from the recording medium 109. It is possible to function as an electronic viewfinder by updating and displaying continuous image signals read from the image sensor 102 as needed.
- the display device 108 displays not only images but also digital camera status display, shutter speed selected by the user or determined by the camera, character information such as aperture value or sensitivity information, and luminance distribution measured by the image processing circuit 105. A graph or the like can also be displayed.
- the recording medium 109 may be configured to be detachable from the digital camera or may be built in the digital camera.
- the operation member 110 is a member that the user operates to send an instruction to the digital camera.
- the bus 111 is used to exchange image signals among the image processing circuit 105, the control circuit 106, the display memory 107, and the recording medium 109.
- control circuit 106 starts controlling the operation of each circuit.
- the image sensor 102 photoelectrically converts the subject image transmitted through the optical system 101 to generate an analog image signal
- the A / D converter 104 digitizes the analog image signal processed by the pre-processing circuit 103.
- the image processing circuit 105 performs white balance processing, noise suppression processing, gradation conversion processing, contour correction processing, and the like on the image signal output from the A / D converter 104.
- the image signal processed by the image processing circuit 105 is displayed as an image on the display device 108 via the display memory 107.
- an image signal is continuously generated by the image sensor 102, and an image of the subject is updated and displayed in real time using the continuous image signal that is read by the display device 108. Functions as a viewfinder.
- the control circuit 106 again adjusts the operation of the optical system 101 based on the luminance value and the focus value obtained by the image processing circuit 105 and shoots a still image.
- the image processing circuit 105 performs various image processing including noise suppression processing on the still image signal.
- the recording medium 109 records the image signal output from the image processing circuit 105.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a part of the configuration of the image processing circuit 105.
- the image processing circuit 105 of this embodiment includes a white balance circuit 201, a luminance color generation circuit 202, and a band processing circuit 203.
- the luminance color generation circuit 202 includes a first luminance signal generation circuit 204, a second luminance signal generation circuit 205, a luminance mixing circuit 206, and a color generation circuit 207.
- the band processing circuit 203 includes a noise suppression circuit 208, a synthesis rate calculation circuit 209, a reduction circuit 210, a noise suppression circuit 211, an enlargement circuit 212, and an image synthesis circuit 213.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining processing contents in the white balance circuit 201, the luminance color generation circuit 202, and the band processing circuit 203 of the image processing circuit 105.
- the image processing circuit 105 receives the image signal output from the A / D converter 104, the image processing circuit 105 performs the processing shown in the flowchart of FIG.
- step S301 the white balance circuit 201 performs white balance processing on the image signal received from the A / D converter 104.
- the image signal is configured in the RAW format, and each pixel has a signal of any one color of RGB.
- the white balance circuit 201 calculates a gain coefficient for each color signal so that the RGB signal levels for a subject that can be regarded as white are substantially equal. Since the gain coefficient may be calculated by a general method, details are omitted.
- step S302 the first luminance signal generation circuit 204 generates the first luminance signal Ya.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a process in which the first luminance signal generation circuit 204 generates the first luminance signal Ya.
- the first luminance signal generation circuit 204 receives the RAW image signal of the Bayer array output from the white balance circuit 201, and separates the RAW image signal into image signals for each color. To do. Specifically, an image signal composed of a G signal in which 0 is inserted as a signal of a pixel other than the G pixel, an image signal composed of an R signal in which 0 is inserted as a signal of a pixel other than the R pixel, and a signal of a pixel other than the B pixel As a result, an image signal composed of a B signal with 0 inserted is generated.
- the first luminance signal generation circuit 204 performs synchronization by generating each color signal in each pixel by interpolation processing.
- Ra (1,1) R (1,1) (1)
- Ra (1,2) ⁇ R (1,1) + R (1,3) ⁇ / 2 (2)
- Ra (2,1) ⁇ R (1,1) + R (3,1) ⁇ / 2 (3)
- Ra (2,2) ⁇ R (1,1) + R (1,3) + R (3,1) + R (3,3) ⁇ / 4 (4)
- the signal Ba (m, n) after interpolation in the image signal composed of the B signal is also calculated in the same manner.
- the interpolated signal Ga (m, n) can be calculated as in equations (5) to (8).
- Ga (2,2) ⁇ G (1,2) + G (3,2) + G (2,1) + G (2,3) ⁇ / 4 (5)
- Ga (2,3) ⁇ 4 ⁇ G (2,3) + G (1,2) + G (1,4) + G (3,2) + G (3,4) ⁇ / 8 (6)
- Ga (3,2) ⁇ 4 ⁇ G (3,2) + G (2,1) + G (2,3) + G (4,1) + G (4,3) ⁇ / 8 (7)
- Ga (3,3) ⁇ G (2,3) + G (4,3) + G (3,2) + G (3,4) ⁇ / 4 (8)
- interpolation methods are merely examples, and various other known interpolation methods can be applied.
- the correlation for each direction of the subject is determined in advance, and the weighting of the signal located in the direction with the highest correlation is increased to perform interpolation. May be.
- the first luminance signal Ya (m, n) in the pixel at the coordinates (m, n) can be obtained.
- Ya (m, n) 0.3 ⁇ Ra (m, n) + 0.6 ⁇ Ga (m, n) + 0.1 ⁇ Ba (m, n) (9)
- the first luminance signal generation circuit 204 outputs the obtained first luminance signal Ya to the luminance mixing circuit 206.
- step S303 the second luminance signal generation circuit 205 generates the second luminance signal Yb.
- the second luminance signal Yb is a luminance signal generated by equally treating the signals of the pixels of all colors without distinguishing the color signals.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a process in which the second luminance signal generation circuit 205 generates the second luminance signal Yb.
- the second luminance signal generation circuit 205 receives the RAW image signal output from the white balance circuit 201.
- the second luminance signal generation circuit 205 performs vertical low-pass filter (V-LPF) processing and horizontal low-pass filter (H-LPF) processing on the RAW format image signal to obtain a second luminance signal Yb.
- V-LPF vertical low-pass filter
- H-LPF horizontal low-pass filter
- a filter coefficient that can be expressed by [1, 2, 1] may be used.
- the direction of the filter and the filter coefficient may be adaptively changed according to the edge state of the image signal and the correlation level with surrounding pixels.
- the processing in the second luminance signal generation circuit 205 may be omitted, and a RAW format image signal may be handled as the second luminance signal Yb. That is, the second luminance signal Yb can be obtained for each pixel as in the equations (10) to (13).
- Yb (1,1) R (1,1) (10)
- Yb (1,2) G (1,2)
- Yb (2,1) G (2,1) (12)
- Yb (2,2) B (2,2) (13)
- step S304 the luminance mixing circuit 206 mixes the first luminance signal Ya and the second luminance signal Yb to generate a luminance signal Yp.
- the luminance mixing circuit 206 applies the first luminance signal Ya and the second luminance signal Yb to the equation (14) for each pixel, thereby calculating the luminance for each pixel.
- the signal Yp is obtained.
- Yp ⁇ ⁇ Ya + (1 ⁇ ) ⁇ Yb (14)
- the luminance mixing circuit 206 reads the mixing ratio ⁇ corresponding to the saturation S from a memory (not shown).
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the mixing ratio ⁇ of the first luminance signal with respect to the saturation S. As shown in FIG. 6, the luminance mixing circuit 206 increases the mixing rate ⁇ for pixels with high saturation to increase the mixing rate of the first luminance signal Ya, and sets the mixing rate ⁇ for pixels with low saturation. Decreasing to increase the mixing ratio of the second luminance signal Yb.
- the method of obtaining the mixing ratio between the first luminance signal Ya and the second luminance signal Yb is not limited to this, and the mixing ratio obtained from the absolute value of the difference between the R signal and the G signal and the difference between the B signal and the G signal are not limited.
- the final mixing ratio may be determined by multiplying the mixing ratio obtained from the absolute value.
- only the luminance signal having the higher mixing ratio may be selected.
- the second luminance signal Yb may be used only for that region.
- the composition ratios of the colors included in the high frequency components of the first luminance signal Ya and the second luminance signal Yb are different, the values of the first luminance signal Ya and the second luminance signal Yb when the subject color is biased. A big difference comes out. Therefore, the low-frequency component of the first luminance signal Ya and the high-frequency component of the second luminance signal Yb are obtained, and a third luminance signal Yc obtained by combining these is obtained, and the third luminance signal Yc and the first luminance signal Ya are obtained. May be mixed at the above mixing ratio.
- step S305 the color generation circuit 207 generates the color difference signals Up and Vp using the RGB signals output from the white balance circuit 201.
- the color generation circuit 207 performs color interpolation processing, false color removal processing, matrix conversion, and the like on the RGB signals to generate color difference signals Up and Vp.
- a general method may be used as a method of generating the color difference signals Up and Vp, and the method itself is publicly known, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
- step S 305 the luminance signal Yp and the color difference signals Up and Vp in which the aliasing signal is suppressed inside the luminance color generation circuit 202 are generated, and these signals are output to the band processing circuit 203.
- step S306 the reduction circuit 210 receives the luminance signal Yp generated by the luminance mixing circuit 206 and the color difference signals Up and Vp generated by the color generation circuit, and uses them to generate an image signal with a reduced band.
- the reduction circuit 210 performs V-LPF processing and H-LPF processing having a filter coefficient indicated by [1, 2, 1] for each of the luminance signal Yp and the color difference signals Up, Vp. Then, the reduction circuit 210 performs downsampling processing on the luminance signal Y p and the color difference signals Up and Vp after the LPF processing so that the number of pixels is 1 ⁇ 2 in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the luminance signal Y low and the color difference Signals U low and V low are generated.
- the highest frequency band of the low-frequency layer image signal is half of the highest frequency band of the high-frequency layer image signal
- the low-frequency side frequency band of the high-frequency layer image signal is the low-frequency layer image signal.
- the frequency band is superimposed.
- step S307 the noise suppression circuit 208 performs noise suppression processing on the high frequency layer image signal, and the noise suppression circuit 211 performs noise suppression processing on the low frequency layer image signal. Since the processing contents of the noise suppression circuit 208 and the noise suppression circuit 211 are the same, the contents of the noise suppression processing will be described here by taking the noise suppression circuit 208 as an example.
- the noise suppression circuit 208 performs noise suppression processing using the target pixel in the high-frequency hierarchical image signal and the luminance signal Yp of the peripheral pixels included in the 5 ⁇ 5 pixel range centered on the target pixel.
- the noise suppression circuit 208 calculates the absolute value of the difference between the luminance signal Yp of the target pixel and the surrounding pixels and compares it with a threshold value. That is, assuming that the luminance signal of the pixel of interest is Yp (s, t), the luminance signal of the surrounding pixels is Yp (i, j), and the threshold is TH Y , the luminance signal Y (i, j) that satisfies Expression (16) is obtained.
- Yp (i, j) ⁇ Yp (s, t)
- the noise suppression circuit 208 uses Up (s, t) and Vp (s, t) as the color difference signals of the target pixel, Up (i, j) and Vp (i, j) as the peripheral pixel values, and TH C as the threshold value. Then, Up (i, j) and Vp (i, j) satisfying Expression (17) are obtained.
- Up (i, j) and Vp (i, j) satisfying this expression are extracted, and the average values thereof are replaced with the color difference signals Up (s, t) and Vp (s, t) of the target pixel.
- the noise suppression circuit 208 performs processing on the luminance signal Yp, the color difference signals Up, and Vp for all the pixels, thereby suppressing noise in the high-frequency layer image signal. Note that since a 5 ⁇ 5 pixel range cannot be set for the pixels at the end of the image signal, the noise is suppressed by appropriately changing the setting method of the peripheral pixels for such pixels.
- the noise suppression circuit 211 also performs similar processing on the luminance signal Y low , the color difference signals U low , and V low of the low-frequency layer image signal, thereby suppressing noise in the low-frequency layer image signal.
- the method of suppressing noise is not limited to this, and various other known noise suppression methods can be applied.
- the low-frequency layer image signal that has been subjected to noise suppression processing by the noise suppression circuit 211 is output to the enlargement circuit 212.
- the enlargement circuit 212 performs upsampling processing on the low-frequency layer image signal on which noise suppression processing has been performed, and makes the number of pixels of the low-frequency layer image signal equal to the number of pixels of the high-frequency layer image signal. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the number of pixels of the low-frequency layer image signal is doubled and the signal of the newly generated pixel is set to 0. Then, for example, by performing linear interpolation on the pixels having a value of 0 using the values of the surrounding pixels, signals can be given to the pixels at all positions. These processes are performed for each of the luminance signal Y low , the color difference signals U low , and V low .
- step S308 the synthesis rate calculation circuit 209 calculates the synthesis rate of the high-frequency layer image signal and the low-frequency layer image signal. Specifically, the synthesis rate calculation circuit 209 obtains an edge component in each pixel using the filter shown in FIG. 8 for the luminance signal Yp of the high-frequency layer image signal. Then, the composite calculation circuit 209 reads the mixing rate ⁇ corresponding to the edge component from a memory (not shown).
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the mixing ratio ⁇ of the high-frequency layer image signal with respect to the edge component. As shown in FIG.
- the synthesis rate calculation circuit 209 increases the mixing rate ⁇ in the pixels with a high edge component to increase the mixing rate of the high-frequency layer image signal, and the mixing rate ⁇ in the pixels with a low edge component. Is reduced to increase the mixing ratio of the low-frequency layer image signal.
- step S309 the image synthesis circuit 213 uses the mixing rate ⁇ obtained by the synthesis rate calculation circuit 209 to synthesize the luminance signal Yp of the high-frequency layer image signal and the low-frequency layer image signal Y low , and the luminance signal Y Get.
- the luminance signal Yp of the high-frequency layer image signal that has been subjected to noise suppression processing by the noise suppression circuit 208 and the luminance signal Y low of the low-frequency layer image signal that has been enlarged by the enlargement circuit 212 are expressed as 18).
- Y ⁇ ⁇ Yp + (1 ⁇ ) ⁇ Y low (18)
- the image signal having a plurality of frequency bands is generated from the image signal in which the aliasing signal is suppressed in advance, so that even when the image signals of the plurality of frequency bands are synthesized, the aliasing is performed. It becomes possible to suppress the signal.
- a plurality of reduction circuits 210, noise suppression circuits 211, and expansion circuits 212 are provided, and noise suppression processing is performed on each of the low-frequency layer image signals multi-layered in different frequency bands, and these are combined by the image composition circuit 213. You may do it.
- image signals of a plurality of frequency bands are generated, and the aliasing signal suppression process is performed on some image signals of the plurality of image signals.
- the basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description will focus on the differences.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a part of the configuration of the image processing circuit 105 in the present embodiment.
- the image processing circuit 105 of this embodiment includes a white balance circuit 201, a luminance color generation circuit 202, and a band processing circuit 1003.
- the band processing circuit 1003 includes a noise suppression circuit 208, a synthesis rate calculation circuit 209, a reduction circuit 1010, a noise suppression circuit 211, an enlargement circuit 212, and an image synthesis circuit 213.
- the luminance signal Y low and the color difference signals U low and V low are generated by inputting the luminance signal Yp and the color difference signals Up and Vp to the reduction circuit 210.
- the luminance signal Y low and the color difference signals U low and V low are generated from the RAW format RGB signal output from the white balance circuit 201, and the folding signal is output only to the high-frequency layer image signal. The difference is that the suppression process is applied.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining processing contents in the white balance circuit 201, the luminance color generation circuit 202, and the band processing circuit 1003 of the image processing circuit 105.
- step S1101 the white balance circuit 201 performs white balance processing on the image signal received from the A / D converter 104.
- the reduction circuit 1010 separates the Bayer array RAW format image signal into image signals for each color. Specifically, an image signal composed of a G signal in which 0 is inserted as a signal of a pixel other than the G pixel, an image signal composed of an R signal in which 0 is inserted as a signal of a pixel other than the R pixel, and a signal of a pixel other than the B pixel As a result, an image signal composed of a B signal with 0 inserted is generated. Then, for each color image signal, V-LPF processing and H-LPF processing are performed using filter coefficients that can be expressed by [1, 2, 1], for example, and synchronization is performed.
- the reduction circuit 1010 performs downsampling processing on the synchronized image signals of the respective colors, and generates an image signal in which the number of pixels is halved in the horizontal and vertical directions. Then, the luminance signal Y low and the color difference signals U low and V low are generated by performing the calculation of Expression (9) using the image signal subjected to the down-sampling processing.
- step S1103 the first luminance signal generation circuit 204 generates the first luminance signal Ya from the Bayer array RAW image signal output from the white balance circuit 201 by the same processing as in step S302 of FIG. .
- step S1104 the second luminance signal generation circuit 205 generates the second luminance signal Yb from the Bayer array RAW image signal output from the white balance circuit 201 by the same processing as in step S303 of FIG. .
- step S1105 the luminance mixing circuit 206 mixes the first luminance signal Ya and the second luminance signal Yb by the same processing as in step S304 in FIG. 3, and generates the luminance signal Yp.
- step S1106 the color generation circuit 207 generates the color difference signals Up and Vp using the RGB signals output from the white balance circuit 201 by the same processing as in step S305 in FIG.
- step S1107 the noise suppression circuit 208 performs noise suppression processing on the high frequency layer image signal, and the noise suppression circuit 211 performs noise suppression processing on the low frequency layer image signal output from the reduction circuit 1010.
- These noise suppression processes are the same as those in step S307 in FIG.
- step S1108 the synthesis rate calculation circuit 209 calculates the synthesis rate of the high-frequency layer image signal and the low-frequency layer image signal by the same processing as in step S308 of FIG.
- step S1109 the image synthesizing circuit 213 synthesizes the high-frequency layer image signal and the low-frequency layer image signal using the mixing rate ⁇ obtained by the synthesis rate calculation circuit 209 by the same processing as in step S309 of FIG. To do.
- processing for suppressing the aliasing signal is performed on the high-frequency layer image signal, but the aliasing signal is applied to the low-frequency layer image signal output from the reduction circuit 1010.
- the processing to suppress is not performed. This is because, in the process of generating the low-frequency layer image signal, it is considered that the influence of the aliasing signal has already been suppressed because the image signal has been subjected to low-pass filter processing to smooth the image signal. It is.
- an image signal in a plurality of frequency bands is generated from one image signal, and the aliasing signal is previously suppressed for the image signal in the highest frequency band, thereby synthesizing the image signals in the plurality of frequency bands. Even in this case, the folding signal can be suppressed.
- the band processing circuit 203 generates another image signal having a frequency band lower than that of the original image signal.
- the original image signal has a plurality of frequency bands that do not overlap. It is different in that it is separated into frequency components.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a part of another configuration of the image processing circuit 105.
- circuits having the same configuration as in FIG. 2 are assigned the same reference numerals as in FIG.
- the image processing circuit 105 of this embodiment includes a white balance circuit 201, a luminance color generation circuit 202, and a band processing circuit 1203.
- the luminance signal Yp and the color difference signals Up and Vp in which the aliasing signal output from the luminance color generation circuit 202 is suppressed are first input to the LPF 1211 and the high pass filter (HPF) 1212 of the band processing circuit 1203.
- the LPF 1211 performs V-LPF processing and H-LPF processing on the luminance signal Yp and the color difference signals Up and Vp, respectively, similarly to the reduction circuit 210 of FIG. 2, and the luminance signal Y low1 and the color difference signals U low1 and V low1. Is generated.
- the V-LPF process and the H-LPF process have filter coefficients represented by [1, 2, 1], for example.
- the HPF 1212 subtracts the luminance signal Y low1 and the color difference signals U low1 and V low1 generated by the LPF 1211 from the luminance signal Yp and the color difference signals Up and Vp output from the luminance color generation circuit 202. As a result, the HPF 1212 can extract the luminance signal Y high1 and the color difference signals U high1 and V high1 which are the high frequency components of the luminance signal Yp and the color difference signals Up and Vp.
- the luminance signal Y high1 and the color difference signals U high1 and V high1 are input to the noise suppression circuit 1213, and noise suppression processing is performed in the same manner as the noise suppression circuit 208 in FIG. Further, the luminance signal Y high1 and the color difference signals U high1 and V high1 are input to the synthesis rate calculation circuit 1214, and the synthesis rate is calculated by the same method as the synthesis rate calculation circuit 209 in FIG.
- the luminance signal Y low1 and the color difference signals U low1 and V low1 generated by the LPF 1211 are input to a downsampling (DS) circuit 1215.
- the DS circuit 1215 performs downsampling processing on the luminance signal Y low1 and the color difference signals U low1 and V low1 so that the number of pixels is 1 ⁇ 2 in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the luminance signal Yp 2 and the color difference signal Up 2. , Vp 2 is generated.
- the luminance signal Yp 2 and the color difference signals Up 2 and Vp 2 output from the DS circuit 1215 are input to the LPF 1216 and the HPF 1217.
- the LPF 1216 performs V-LPF processing and H-LPF processing on each of the luminance signal Yp 2 and the color difference signals Up 2 and Vp 2 in the same manner as the reduction circuit 210 in FIG. 2 to obtain the luminance signal Y low2 and the color difference signal U low2. , V low2 is generated.
- the HPF 1217 subtracts the luminance signal Y low2 and the color difference signals U low2 and V low2 generated by the LPF 1216 from the luminance signal Yp 2 and the color difference signals Up 2 and Vp 2 output from the DS circuit 1215. As a result, HPF1217 can extract a luminance signal Y high2 and color difference signals U high2, V high2 is a high-frequency component of the luminance signal Yp 2 and the color difference signals Up 2, Vp 2.
- the luminance signal Y high2 and the color difference signals U high2 and V high2 are input to the noise suppression circuit 1218, and noise suppression processing is performed in the same manner as the noise suppression circuit 208 in FIG.
- the luminance signal Y high2 and the color difference signals U high2 and V high2 are input to the synthesis rate calculation circuit 1219, and the synthesis rate is calculated in the same manner as the synthesis rate calculation circuit 209 in FIG.
- the luminance signal Y low2 and the color difference signals U low2 and V low2 generated by the LPF 1216 are input to the DS circuit 1220.
- the DS circuit 1220 performs down-sampling processing on the luminance signal Y low2 and the color difference signals U low2 and V low2 so that the number of pixels is 1 ⁇ 2 in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the luminance signal Yp 3 and the color difference signal Up 3 , Vp 3 is generated.
- the luminance signal Yp 3 and the color difference signals Up 3 and Vp 3 output from the DS circuit 1220 are input to the LPF 1221 and the HPF 1222.
- the LPF 1221 performs the V-LPF processing and the H-LPF processing on the luminance signal Yp 3 and the color difference signals Up 3 and Vp 3 , respectively, similarly to the reduction circuit 210 of FIG. 2, and the luminance signal Y low3 and the color difference signal U low3 and Vlow3 are generated.
- the HPF 1222 subtracts the luminance signal Y low3 and the color difference signals U low3 and V low3 generated by the LPF 1221 from the luminance signal Yp 3 and the color difference signals Up 3 and Vp 3 output from the DS circuit 1215. As a result, HPF1222 can extract a luminance signal Y High3 and color difference signals U high3, V high3 is a high-frequency component of the luminance signal Yp 3 and the color difference signals Up 3, Vp 3.
- the luminance signal Y high3 and the color difference signals U high3 and V high3 are input to the noise suppression circuit 1223, and noise suppression processing is performed in the same manner as the noise suppression circuit 208 in FIG. Further, the luminance signal Y high3 and the color difference signals U high3 and V high3 are input to the synthesis rate calculation circuit 1224, and the synthesis rate is calculated in the same manner as the synthesis rate calculation circuit 209 in FIG.
- the luminance signal Y low3 and the color difference signals U low3 and V low3 generated by the LPF 1221 are input to the DS circuit 1225.
- the DS circuit 1225 performs downsampling processing on the luminance signal Y low3 and the color difference signals U low3 and V low3 so that the number of pixels is 1 ⁇ 2 in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the luminance signal Yp 4 and the color difference signal Up 4 , Vp 4 is generated.
- the luminance signal Yp 4 and the color difference signals Up 4 and Vp 4 are input to the noise suppression circuit 1226 and subjected to noise suppression processing in the same manner as the noise suppression circuit 208 in FIG.
- the luminance signal Y high1 , the luminance signal Y high2 , the luminance signal Y high3 , and the luminance signal Yp 4 do not overlap with each other, and the frequency band decreases from the luminance signal Y high1 toward Yp 4 .
- the enlargement circuit 1227 performs upsampling processing on each signal output from the noise suppression circuit 1226, and sets the number of pixels of the signal output from the noise suppression circuit 1226 to the pixel of the signal output from the noise suppression circuit 1223. Equal to the number.
- the image synthesis circuit 1228 outputs the signal output from the enlargement circuit 1227 and the noise suppression circuit 1223 in the same manner as the image synthesis circuit 213 in FIG. Synthesized signals.
- the enlargement circuit 1229 performs an upsampling process on the signal output from the image synthesis circuit 1228, and sets the number of pixels of the signal output from the image synthesis circuit 1228 as the number of pixels of the signal output from the noise suppression circuit 1218. Make equal.
- the image composition circuit 1230 outputs the signal output from the enlargement circuit 1229 and the noise suppression circuit 1218 in the same manner as the image composition circuit 213 in FIG. 2 using the composition ratio obtained by the composition ratio calculation circuit 1219. Synthesized signals.
- the enlargement circuit 1231 performs an upsampling process on the signal output from the image composition circuit 1230, and sets the number of pixels of the signal output from the image composition circuit 1230 to the pixel of the signal output from the noise suppression circuit 1213. Equal to the number.
- the image composition circuit 1232 outputs the signal output from the enlargement circuit 1231 and the noise suppression circuit 1213 in the same manner as the image composition circuit 213 in FIG. Synthesized signals.
- the image signal in which the aliasing signal is suppressed in advance is divided into the image signals of a plurality of frequency bands, so that the aliasing signal is suppressed even when these image signals of the plurality of frequency bands are synthesized. Is possible.
- the image signal of the highest frequency band among the image signals of the plurality of frequency bands to be combined includes the luminance signal generated by the luminance mixing circuit. ing.
- the aliasing signal in the image signal in the highest frequency band is suppressed, so the effect of the aliasing signal is almost increased even when synthesized with an image signal in a lower frequency band.
- the low-frequency layer image signal is generated by reducing the original image signal.
- the low-frequency image signal is reduced by performing LPF processing on the original image signal without reducing the image signal.
- a hierarchical image signal may be generated.
- the luminance mixing circuit is arranged if the luminance signal generated by the luminance mixing circuit is included in the image signal of the highest frequency band among the image signals of the plurality of frequency bands to be synthesized.
- the position to be performed is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
- the present invention can also be realized by executing the following processing. That is, software (program) that realizes the functions of the above-described embodiments is supplied to a system or apparatus via a network or various storage media, and the computer (or CPU, MPU, etc.) of the system or apparatus reads the program. It is a process to be executed.
- Luminance color generation circuit 203 1003, 1203 Band processing circuit 204 First luminance signal generation circuit 205 Second luminance signal generation circuit 206 Luminance mixing circuit 207 Color generation circuit 208, 211, 1213, 1218, 1223, 1226 Noise suppression circuit 209, 1214, 1219, 1224 Composition ratio calculation circuit 210, 1010 Reduction circuit 212, 1227, 1229, 1231 Enlargement circuit 213, 1228, 1230, 1232 Image composition circuit 1211, 1216, 1221 Low pass filter (LPF) 1212, 1217, 1222 High pass filter (HPF) 1215, 1220, 1225 Downsampling (DS) circuit
- LPF Low pass filter
- HPF High pass filter
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態におけるデジタルカメラの概略構成を示す図である。本発明は、画像信号に対して画像処理を施すことができる装置であれば、デジタルカメラに限らず、デジタルビデオカメラやパーソナルコンピュータなどでも実現することが可能である。
Ra(1,1)= R(1,1)・・・(1)
Ra(1,2)={R(1,1)+R(1,3)}/2・・・(2)
Ra(2,1)={R(1,1)+R(3,1)}/2・・・(3)
Ra(2,2)={R(1,1)+R(1,3)+R(3,1)+R(3,3)}/4・・・(4)
Ga(2,2)={G(1,2)+G(3,2)+G(2,1)+G(2,3)}/4・・・(5)
Ga(2,3)={4×G(2,3)+G(1,2)+G(1,4)+G(3,2)+G(3,4)}/8・・・(6)
Ga(3,2)={4×G(3,2)+G(2,1)+G(2,3)+G(4,1)+G(4,3)}/8・・・(7)
Ga(3,3)={G(2,3)+G(4,3)+G(3,2)+G(3,4)}/4・・・(8)
Ya(m,n)=0.3×Ra(m,n)+0.6×Ga(m,n)+0.1×Ba(m,n)・・・(9)
Yb(1,1)=R(1,1)・・・(10)
Yb(1,2)=G(1,2)・・・(11)
Yb(2,1)=G(2,1)・・・(12)
Yb(2,2)=B(2,2)・・・(13)
Yp=α×Ya+(1-α)×Yb・・・(14)
S=|R-G|+|B-G|・・・(15)
Yp(i,j)-Yp(s,t)|<THY
ただし、s-2≦i≦s+2、t-2≦j≦t+2・・・(16)
|Up(i,j)-Up(s,t)|+|Vp(i,j)-Vp(s,t)|<THC
ただし、s-2≦i≦s+2、t-2≦j≦t+2・・・(17)
Y=β×Yp+(1-β)×Ylow・・・(18)
U=β×Up+(1-β)×Ulow・・・(19)
V=β×Vp+(1-β)×Vlow・・・(20)
次に、本発明の第2の実施形態について説明する。本実施形態では、複数の周波数帯域の画像信号を生成し、これら複数の画像信号の一部の画像信号に対して、折り返し信号の抑圧処理を行うものである。基本的な構成は第1の実施形態と同様であり、異なる点を中心に説明を行う。
次に、本発明の第3の実施形態について説明する。第1の実施形態では、帯域処理回路203において、元の画像信号よりも周波数帯域を低くした別の画像信号を生成したが、本実施形態では、元の画像信号を周波数帯域が重ならない複数の周波数成分に分離する点で異なる。
また、本発明は、以下の処理を実行することによっても実現される。即ち、上述した実施形態の機能を実現するソフトウェア(プログラム)を、ネットワーク又は各種記憶媒体を介してシステム或いは装置に供給し、そのシステム或いは装置のコンピュータ(またはCPUやMPU等)がプログラムを読み出して実行する処理である。
202 輝度色生成回路
203、1003、1203 帯域処理回路
204 第1輝度信号生成回路
205 第2輝度信号生成回路
206 輝度混合回路
207 色生成回路
208、211、1213、1218、1223、1226 ノイズ抑圧回路
209、1214、1219、1224 合成率算出回路
210、1010 縮小回路
212、1227、1229、1231 拡大回路
213、1228、1230、1232 画像合成回路
1211、1216、1221 ローパスフィルタ(LPF)
1212、1217、1222 ハイパスフィルタ(HPF)
1215、1220、1225 ダウンサンプリング(DS)回路
Claims (11)
- 画像信号が入力され、前記画像信号から、周波数帯域の異なる複数の画像信号を生成する生成手段と、
前記生成手段で生成された前記複数の画像信号を合成する合成手段と、
第1の色信号を含む複数の色信号で構成された画像信号が入力され、入力された画像信号のうちの前記第1の色信号に応じていない画素に対して、前記第1の色信号を補間することで得られる画像信号を用いて第1輝度信号を生成する第1輝度信号生成手段と、
前記第1の色信号を含む複数の色信号で構成された画像信号が入力され、前記複数の色信号を区別することなく、前記複数の色信号を用いて第2輝度信号を生成する第2輝度信号生成手段と、
前記第1輝度信号と前記第2輝度信号を合成、あるいは、いずれかを選択した輝度信号を生成する輝度混合手段とを有し、
前記合成手段にて合成する前記複数の画像信号のうちの最も周波数帯域の高い画像信号は、前記輝度混合手段にて生成された輝度信号を含むことを特徴とする画像処理装置。 - 前記生成手段は、前記輝度混合手段にて生成された輝度信号を含む画像信号が入力されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記第1輝度信号生成手段および前記第2輝度信号生成手段は、前記生成手段で生成された複数の画像信号のうちの最も周波数帯域の高い画像信号が入力されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記生成手段は、入力された画像信号よりも周波数帯域の低い画像信号を生成することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
- 前記第1輝度信号生成手段および前記第2輝度信号生成手段は、ベイヤー配列の撮像素子で生成された赤、緑、および、青の色信号で構成された画像信号が入力され、
前記第1の色信号が緑の色信号であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記生成手段にて生成された複数の画像信号のそれぞれに対して、ノイズ抑圧処理を行うノイズ抑圧手段を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の画像処理装置。
- 画像信号が入力され、前記画像信号から、周波数帯域の異なる複数の画像信号を生成する生成工程と、
前記生成工程で生成された前記複数の画像信号を合成する合成工程と、
第1の色信号を含む複数の色信号で構成された画像信号が入力され、入力された画像信号のうちの前記第1の色信号に応じていない画素に対して、前記第1の色信号を補間することで得られる画像信号を用いて第1輝度信号を生成する第1輝度信号生成工程と、
前記第1の色信号を含む複数の色信号で構成された画像信号が入力され、前記複数の色信号を区別することなく、前記複数の色信号を用いて第2輝度信号を生成する第2輝度信号生成工程と、
前記第1輝度信号と前記第2輝度信号を合成、あるいは、いずれかを選択した輝度信号を生成する輝度混合工程とを有し、
前記合成工程にて合成する前記複数の画像信号のうちの最も周波数帯域の高い画像信号は、前記輝度混合工程にて生成された輝度信号を含むことを特徴とする画像処理方法。 - 前記生成工程において、前記輝度混合工程にて生成された輝度信号を含む画像信号が入力されることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の画像処理方法。
- 前記第1輝度信号生成工程および前記第2輝度信号生成工程において、前記生成工程で生成された複数の画像信号のうちの最も周波数帯域の高い画像信号が入力されることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の画像処理方法。
- 請求項7に記載の画像処理方法をコンピュータに実行させるために前記コンピュータが読み出すことが可能なプログラム。
- 請求項10に記載のプログラムを記憶した記憶媒体。
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CN102640500A (zh) | 2012-08-15 |
GB2488283A (en) | 2012-08-22 |
KR101391161B1 (ko) | 2014-05-07 |
DE112009005418B4 (de) | 2018-09-13 |
JP5591261B2 (ja) | 2014-09-17 |
RU2519829C2 (ru) | 2014-06-20 |
KR20120098802A (ko) | 2012-09-05 |
JPWO2011067850A1 (ja) | 2013-04-18 |
GB201209769D0 (en) | 2012-07-18 |
GB2488283B (en) | 2015-10-21 |
CN102640500B (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
DE112009005418T5 (de) | 2012-11-15 |
US8508625B2 (en) | 2013-08-13 |
US20110134292A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
BR112012013067A2 (pt) | 2016-11-22 |
RU2012127768A (ru) | 2014-01-10 |
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