WO2010004713A1 - 新規微生物及びこの微生物を用いた植物病害防除剤 - Google Patents
新規微生物及びこの微生物を用いた植物病害防除剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010004713A1 WO2010004713A1 PCT/JP2009/003090 JP2009003090W WO2010004713A1 WO 2010004713 A1 WO2010004713 A1 WO 2010004713A1 JP 2009003090 W JP2009003090 W JP 2009003090W WO 2010004713 A1 WO2010004713 A1 WO 2010004713A1
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- bacillus subtilis
- strain
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- microorganism
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/205—Bacterial isolates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
- C12R2001/07—Bacillus
- C12R2001/125—Bacillus subtilis ; Hay bacillus; Grass bacillus
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new species of Bacillus subtilis and a plant disease control agent using the cells and culture of this microorganism.
- the technology using biological pesticides uses phytopathogenic microorganisms that cause diseases in plants and organisms that are natural enemies of pests.
- Bacillus ⁇ ⁇ subtilis has been able to suppress growth against phytopathogenic fungi. Since it exhibits antagonistic properties such as sterilization, it is used as a biopesticide for eggplant, tomato and grape gray mold.
- a biological pesticide using Bacillus subtilis for example, a plant disease control containing a spore fraction adjusted to contain 50% by weight or more of dry spores from a culture of Bacillus bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis The method is known (see Patent Document 1).
- a disease control agent comprising a cell or culture of Bacillus bacteria such as Bacillus licheniformis, or an organic acid produced by the bacteria and salts thereof as active ingredients. (See Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 3 a plant disease control agent containing a cell or culture of Bacillus sphaericus is known (see Patent Document 3), and a plant disease control agent using a specific strain of Bacillus subtilis as an active ingredient is also known ( (See Patent Documents 4 and 5).
- the effect of applying the above-mentioned conventional plant disease control agent to grapes is due to the fact that Bacillus bacteria occupy the nutrition and dwelling on the grape tissue and show antagonisticity. Therefore, although there is a preventive effect brought about by spraying before the occurrence of the disease, it has no therapeutic effect such as a bactericidal action and cannot be used after the occurrence of the disease.
- the conventional plant disease control agent is effective only against grape gray mold, among the three major grape diseases, grape gray mold, mildew, and late rot.
- the control effect was not expected against downy mildew, late rot, and other grape pathogens.
- the said conventional plant disease control agent settled in the leaf of a grape, the fixation rate to a fruit skin was low. Since the grape skin is also included in the mouth, it is difficult to use chemical pesticides for safety reasons, and it is difficult to control diseases such as gray mold and late rot that occur in fruits.
- JP-A-8-175919 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-206811 JP 2003-277210 A JP-A-6-133863 JP-A-5-51305
- An object of the present invention is to provide a microorganism and a plant disease control agent using the microorganism.
- a novel microorganism according to the present invention is characterized by being a Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain (NITE BP-569).
- the plant disease control agent according to the present invention is characterized in that it contains a culture and / or microbial cell of the Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain as an active ingredient.
- the plant disease control agent of the present invention effectively acts on pathogenic bacteria that occur in grape leaves or fruits, and in one example, is effective in gray mold, downy mildew, late rot, and the like.
- the plant disease control agent which concerns on this invention has tolerance with respect to a chemical pesticide, it can use together.
- Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain according to the present invention and the plant disease control agent comprising a culture or microbial cell of the Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain as an active ingredient are against a wide range of plant pathogenic fungi such as downy mildew, gray mold, and late rot Preventive and therapeutic effects can be expected.
- Bacillus subtilis strain KS1 is a bacterium searched for from the grape skin, and has a feature that it has a high fixability to grape leaves.
- the bacteriological properties of Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain are shown below.
- the nucleotide sequence of rDNA corresponding to the 16S subunit is as follows.
- Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain (Bacillus subtilis KS1). This Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain was deposited on May 13, 2008 at the Japan Institute for Product Evaluation Technology Patent Microorganisms Deposit Center (2-5-8 Kazusa Kamashichi, Kisarazu City, Chiba Prefecture). It was entrusted as “NITE P-569” and was transferred to an international deposit based on the Budapest Treaty on May 20, 2009, and was given the acceptance number “NITE BP-569”.
- Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain according to the present invention is not limited to the completely identical base sequence to the 16S rDNA base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, and one or several bases of the base sequence are present. In the case of a base sequence that has been deleted, substituted or added, those having a trait similar to that of the Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain are also included in the plant disease control action, particularly the grape disease control action.
- the medium that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the strain can be grown by culture.
- glucose, sucrose, casein, yeast extract, meat extract and the like are used as the carbon source
- yeast extract, meat extract, polypeptone, peptone, trypsin and the like are used as the nitrogen source.
- sodium, potassium, magnesium, iron, calcium and the like are added as other nutrients.
- the culture in the present invention can be carried out under aerobic conditions, for example, by aeration stirring, shaking culture or solid culture method.
- the culture conditions are not particularly limited, but a temperature of 30 to 37 ° C., a pH of 6.5 to 7.5, and a time of 12 to 48 hours are suitable.
- Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain cultured as described above can be used without being separated from the culture, and can be used after separating the cells by centrifugation. Further, when this is used as a plant disease control agent, it is formulated with various additives such as a surfactant (for example, sorbitan monolaurate, commonly known as Tween 20) and a spreading agent (for example, submerged by Syngenta Japan). Can be used as granules, emulsions, wettable powders, flowables, etc.
- a surfactant for example, sorbitan monolaurate, commonly known as Tween 20
- a spreading agent for example, submerged by Syngenta Japan
- Plant diseases can be controlled by applying the bacterial cells or culture of Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain thus prepared to plants or soil.
- the control agent of the present invention has, for example, a remarkable effect in controlling grape diseases caused by grape gray mold fungus, grape late rot fungus, grape white coat fungus, grape downy mildew, etc., plants other than grapes, For example, it is effective in controlling gray mold and anthrax that infect strawberries and cucumbers.
- the application method of the control agent is appropriately selected depending on the form of the preparation, the type of plant, the type and degree of the disease, for example, a method of spraying the liquefied control agent on the ground or in the air, or directly spraying and applying to the leaves of plants. And a method of immersing in a control solution.
- the dose varies depending on the type of disease and the applied plant, but for example 1.5 ⁇ 10 8
- the concentration of cells / mL (containing 0.02% Tween20) is 5L per field are.
- Example 1 Culture Example One platinum ear of the Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain according to the present invention was inoculated into a broth medium (meat extract 10 g, peptone 10 g, sodium chloride 5 g, water 1 L), and cultured with shaking at 37 ° C. and 150 rpm for 12 hours. Thus, a culture solution was obtained. KS1 strain cells were collected from this culture solution by centrifugation. Then, the collected KS1 cells are adjusted with water to 1.3-1.5 ⁇ 10 8 cells / mL, and Tween 20 (final concentration 0.02%) is added as a surfactant. did.
- a broth medium meat extract 10 g, peptone 10 g, sodium chloride 5 g, water 1 L
- Tween 20 final concentration 0.02%
- Example 2 Applicable pathogen test 1
- a control effect test of Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain against grape downy mildew was performed.
- the flowable preparation prepared in Example 1 was sprayed on the 10-year-old Koshu grapes planted in the experimental field of the University of Yamanashi Wine Science Research Center to examine the effect. Since this experimental field has been completely pesticide-free since 2005, grape downy mildew frequently occurs every year. Therefore, from May 11th to August 17th, 2007, the above flowable agent was uniformly sprayed on the new shoots of grapes once a week.
- the amount of application is about 5L per 1 field.
- a commercially available microbial pesticide botkiller wettable powder (registered trademark, manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.) was sprayed at the same concentration and with the same frequency.
- Example 3 Applicable pathogen test 2
- Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain against gray mold and late rot fungi was performed. First, pathogenic bacteria (gray mold fungus and late rot fungus) to be assayed are pre-cultured at 25 ° C. for about 5 days on a PDA medium (agar containing potato extract and glucose). Next, the grown mycelium is cut out into a 6 mm diameter disk using a cork borer, and this is placed in the center of a new petri dish containing PDA medium. Furthermore, the Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain is linearly applied to the end of the same petri dish, and the culture between the test bacteria and the Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain is observed by opposing culture.
- PDA medium agar containing potato extract and glucose
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are micrographs (200 times) of the mycelial tip after culturing the test bacteria at 25 ° C. for 3 days. According to this photograph, both the gray mold fungus and the late rot fungus show a state in which the hyphal tip swells and bursts, and the growth of the pathogenic fungus is suppressed.
- One of the mechanisms of this growth suppression is presumed to be due to an antibacterial substance produced by Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain.
- Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain has a control effect on gray mold and late rot fungi, which are one of the main pathogens of grapes, and particularly has a therapeutic effect by bactericidal action.
- Example 4 Drug resistance test
- a resistance test of Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain to chemical pesticides was performed.
- a YBS medium containing yeast extract and meat extract in agar
- the chemical pesticide concentration (ppm) at this time is the same as the general spray concentration.
- Bacillus subtilis strain KS1 was applied to the surface of the medium containing the chemical pesticide and cultured at 37 ° C. for 2 days.
- a resistance test against Bacillus subtilis isolated from a Botokiller wettable powder against chemical pesticides was also conducted.
- a suspension of a Botokiller wettable powder was applied to the YBS medium, and the bacteria that appeared after overnight culture at 37 ° C. were used as the constituent bacteria of the Botokiller wettable powder.
- a bacterial hydrating agent was applied on the surface of a medium containing a chemical pesticide and cultured at 37 ° C. for 2 days.
- the Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain of the present invention is resistant to all tested chemical pesticides and is widely used especially for downy mildew and late rot. Since it is also resistant to Daisen M wettable powder, it suggests the possibility of effective combined application with chemical pesticides. In addition, the constituent bacteria of the botkiller wettable powder did not show resistance to the Maneb.
- the Bacillus subtilis KS1 strain according to the present invention is effective for a wide variety of grape diseases such as downy mildew, gray mold and late rot.
- This broad control effect means that it is possible to reduce the types of chemicals (chemical pesticides and biological pesticides) currently applied to control grape diseases and the amount of application, in addition to environmental conservation, it is also possible in grape cultivation. Since it has the effect of contributing to labor and cost reduction, it can be industrially used as a biopesticide.
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Abstract
Description
(1)形状:桿菌
(2)大きさ:0.8×3~5μm
(3)運動性:なし
(1)培地名:SCD寒天培地
(2)形状:不規則円形
(3)大きさ:5mm
(4)隆起:扁平状
(5)周辺形状:波状
(6)表面形状:しわ状
(7)質:粘性質
(8)透明度:不透明
(9)光沢:鈍光
(10)色:淡ベージュ色
cells/mL(0.02% Tween20含有)の濃度で、圃場1アールあたり5Lである。
ブイヨン培地(肉エキス10g、ペプトン10g、塩化ナトリウム5g、水1L)に本発明に係るバチルス・ズブチリスKS1株を1白金耳植菌し、37℃、150rpmで12時間振盪培養して培養液を得た。この培養液から遠心分離法によりKS1株菌体を集菌した。その後、集菌したKS1株菌体を1.3~1.5×108cells/mLになるように水で調整し、界面活性剤としてTween20(最終濃度0.02%)を添加し、フロアブル剤とした。
この実施例では、バチルス・ズブチリスKS1株のブドウべと病菌に対する防除効果試験を行なった。山梨大学ワイン科学研究センターの実験圃場に植栽されている樹齢10年の甲州種ブドウ(垣根仕立て)に、上記実施例1で調製したフロアブル剤を散布して効果を調べた。この実験圃場は平成17年度から完全な無農薬栽培を行っているため、毎年ブドウべと病が頻発する。そこで、平成19年5月11日から8月17日まで、上記のフロアブル剤を週1回の割合で毎週ブドウの新梢に均一に散布した。散布量は圃場1アールあたり5L程度である。同時に本実施例に対する比較例として、市販の微生物農薬ボトキラー水和剤(登録商標、出光興産社製)を同濃度、同頻度で散布した。また、何の薬剤も散布しない無処理区についても比較した。
この実施例では、バチルス・ズブチリスKS1株の灰色かび病菌および晩腐病菌に対する防除効果試験を行なった。先ず、検定するための病原菌(灰色かび病菌および晩腐病菌)を、PDA培地(寒天中にジャガイモ・エキスとグルコースを含んだもの)上で25℃、5日間ほど前培養する。次に、成長した菌糸をコルクボーラを用いて直径6mmのディスクにくり抜き、これをPDA培地が入っている新しいシャーレの中心に置く。さらに、同じシャーレの端にバチルス・ズブチリスKS1株を直線的に塗り、対峙培養することで検定菌の菌叢とバチルス・ズブチリスKS1株との相互作用を見る。
この実施例では、バチルス・ズブチリスKS1株の化学農薬に対する耐性試験を行なった。先ず、対象となる化学農薬を含有したYBS培地(寒天中に酵母エキスと肉エキスを含んだもの)をシャーレに作る。この時の化学農薬の濃度(ppm)は一般的な散布濃度と同じである。次に、前記化学農薬を含有する培地の表面にバチルス・ズブチリス KS1株を塗り、37℃で2日間培養した。対照区として、ボトキラー水和剤から分離したバチルス・ズブチリスの化学農薬に対する耐性試験も同時に行なった。この場合は、YBS培地にボトキラー水和剤の懸濁液を塗り、37℃で1晩培養したのち出現した菌をボトキラー水和剤の構成菌とした。耐性試験は、前記バチルス・ズブチリスKS1株の場合と同様、化学農薬を含有する培地の表面にボトキラー水和剤の構成菌を塗り、37℃で2日間培養した。
Claims (5)
- バチルス・ズブチリスに属する新規微生物、バチルス・ズブチリスKS1株(Bacillus subtilis KS1)(NITE BP-569)。
- バチルス・ズブチリスKS1株の培養物及び/又は微生物菌体を有効成分として含む植物病害防除剤。
- 前記バチルス・ズブチリスKS1株の培養物及び/又は微生物菌体がブドウの葉又は果実に発生する病原菌に作用する請求項2記載の植物病害防除剤。
- 前記バチルス・ズブチリスKS1株の培養物及び/又は微生物菌体が灰色かび病菌、べと病菌、晩腐病菌に作用する請求項2又は3記載の植物病害防除剤。
- 前記バチルス・ズブチリスKS1株の培養物及び/又は微生物菌体が化学農薬に対して耐性を有する請求項2記載の植物病害防除剤。
Priority Applications (5)
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AU2009269456A AU2009269456B2 (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2009-07-03 | Novel microorganism and plant disease control agent using the microorganism |
ES09794161.1T ES2518924T3 (es) | 2008-07-11 | 2009-07-03 | Nuevo microorganismo y agente de control de enfermedades de las plantas usando dicho microorganismo |
EP09794161.1A EP2311936B1 (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2009-07-03 | Novel microorganism and plant disease control agent using the microorganism |
JP2010519635A JP5617092B2 (ja) | 2008-07-11 | 2009-07-03 | 新規微生物及びこの微生物を用いた植物病害防除剤 |
US13/003,624 US8524223B2 (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2009-07-03 | Bacillus subtilis KS1 as a plant disease control agent |
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EP (1) | EP2311936B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5617092B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2009269456B2 (ja) |
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JP2013521298A (ja) * | 2010-03-01 | 2013-06-10 | ユニバーシティー オブ デラウェア | 植物のバイオマスを増やし、鉄濃度を高め、病原体に対する耐性を向上させるための組成物および方法 |
JP2017521369A (ja) * | 2014-05-28 | 2017-08-03 | バイエル クロップサイエンス エルピーBayer Cropscience Lp | 植物における菌類病及び細菌病を防除するための組成物及び方法 |
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2009
- 2009-07-03 AU AU2009269456A patent/AU2009269456B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-07-03 EP EP09794161.1A patent/EP2311936B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-07-03 US US13/003,624 patent/US8524223B2/en active Active
- 2009-07-03 JP JP2010519635A patent/JP5617092B2/ja active Active
- 2009-07-03 ES ES09794161.1T patent/ES2518924T3/es active Active
- 2009-07-03 WO PCT/JP2009/003090 patent/WO2010004713A1/ja active Application Filing
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2013521298A (ja) * | 2010-03-01 | 2013-06-10 | ユニバーシティー オブ デラウェア | 植物のバイオマスを増やし、鉄濃度を高め、病原体に対する耐性を向上させるための組成物および方法 |
JP2017521369A (ja) * | 2014-05-28 | 2017-08-03 | バイエル クロップサイエンス エルピーBayer Cropscience Lp | 植物における菌類病及び細菌病を防除するための組成物及び方法 |
JP2018525420A (ja) * | 2015-08-28 | 2018-09-06 | アグバイオーム, インコーポレイテッド | 植物の病気を制御するための細菌株およびその使用 |
CN112940994A (zh) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-06-11 | 金禾佳农(北京)生物技术有限公司 | 一种枯草芽孢杆菌、培养方法及应用 |
CN115873760A (zh) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-31 | 青岛农业大学 | 一株解淀粉芽孢杆菌及其生防菌剂和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2009269456A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
EP2311936A1 (en) | 2011-04-20 |
AU2009269456B2 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
US20110182871A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
US8524223B2 (en) | 2013-09-03 |
EP2311936B1 (en) | 2014-08-06 |
JPWO2010004713A1 (ja) | 2011-12-22 |
EP2311936A4 (en) | 2012-03-14 |
ES2518924T3 (es) | 2014-11-05 |
JP5617092B2 (ja) | 2014-11-05 |
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