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WO2010003338A1 - 一种视频码流的质量评估方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

一种视频码流的质量评估方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010003338A1
WO2010003338A1 PCT/CN2009/072127 CN2009072127W WO2010003338A1 WO 2010003338 A1 WO2010003338 A1 WO 2010003338A1 CN 2009072127 W CN2009072127 W CN 2009072127W WO 2010003338 A1 WO2010003338 A1 WO 2010003338A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
quality evaluation
video
quality
information
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/072127
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢清鹏
杨付正
万帅
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to JP2010547940A priority Critical patent/JP5302342B2/ja
Priority to EP09793813A priority patent/EP2229002A4/en
Publication of WO2010003338A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010003338A1/zh
Priority to US12/855,110 priority patent/US8576921B2/en
Priority to US14/050,740 priority patent/US9438913B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/85Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
    • H04N19/89Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving methods or arrangements for detection of transmission errors at the decoder
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N17/00Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details
    • H04N17/004Diagnosis, testing or measuring for television systems or their details for digital television systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80Responding to QoS
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/157Assigned coding mode, i.e. the coding mode being predefined or preselected to be further used for selection of another element or parameter
    • H04N19/159Prediction type, e.g. intra-frame, inter-frame or bidirectional frame prediction
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • H04N19/61Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4385Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream decrypting
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/44008Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving operations for analysing video streams, e.g. detecting features or characteristics in the video stream
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/442Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed, the storage space available from the internal hard disk

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of mobile communication technologies, and in particular, to a method, device, and system for quality evaluation of a video code stream.
  • the network video quality is evaluated by parameters such as video bit rate, video frame rate, packet loss rate, and intra-coded macroblock number using a neural network.
  • the prior art analyzes the impact of video bit rate and packet loss rate on video quality from a statistical point of view.
  • the statistical method causes video.
  • the bit rate and packet loss rate are inaccurate, and ultimately the video quality cannot be accurately evaluated, and only a comprehensive sequence score can be given, and the quality evaluation of the instant video frame cannot be given.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a video quality assessment method, device and system for video code stream, which can accurately estimate the quality of network video and obtain instant video quality.
  • a method for quality assessment of a video code stream including: acquiring a video code stream; acquiring coding information of the video frame; performing single frame quality evaluation according to the coded information of the video frame;
  • a quality evaluation apparatus for a video code stream including: a code stream analysis module, configured to acquire a video code stream from a video data packet, and acquire coded information of the video frame; a quality evaluation module, configured to perform single frame quality evaluation according to the encoded information of the video frame; and a sequence quality evaluation module, configured to perform sequence quality evaluation according to the single frame quality evaluation result.
  • a quality evaluation system for a video code stream including: a quality evaluation apparatus, configured to acquire a video code stream from a video data packet to obtain coded information of a video frame of the video code stream, And performing single-frame quality evaluation according to the coding information of the video frame, and performing sequence quality evaluation according to the single-frame quality evaluation result; and sending means, configured to send the single-frame quality evaluation result or the sequence evaluation result of the quality evaluation apparatus.
  • a quality assessment method, device and system provided above first obtain the coding information of the video frame, and perform single-frame sequence quality evaluation and output on the coding information of the video frame, and finally perform sequence quality evaluation on the frame in a certain time period. And output, so that the quality of the video data packet transmitted in the channel can be accurately predicted, and at the same time, the single frame quality evaluation result of the video frame can be obtained instantly.
  • FIG. 1 is an application environment diagram of a quality evaluation system for a video code stream according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a quality evaluation system for a video code stream according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a quality evaluation apparatus for a video code stream according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a general flowchart of a method for evaluating a quality of a video code stream according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a specific flowchart of a method for evaluating a quality of a video bitstream according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is an application environment diagram of a quality evaluation system for a video code stream according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the original video data packet is encoded by the encoder 1 and transmitted to the decoder 3 through the router 2 in the network for decoding and playback.
  • Points A, B and C in the figure are three different pivot points on the transmission path.
  • the quality assessment system can be applied to any of the points A, B and C in the figure, where the coded code is obtained.
  • Video stream, and video quality assessment of the acquired video stream are three different pivot points on the transmission path.
  • the quality assessment system 10 includes a quality assessment device 20, a transmission device 30, a display device 40, and a storage device 50.
  • the quality evaluation device 20 is configured to perform single frame quality evaluation and sequence quality evaluation on the acquired video data packets.
  • the transmitting device 30 is configured to transmit the single frame quality evaluation result or the sequence quality evaluation result of the quality evaluation device 20 to the display device 40 or the storage device 50.
  • the display device 40 is configured to display a single frame or sequence quality assessment transmitted by the transmitting device 30 when it is desired to display the evaluated video quality.
  • the storage device 50 is configured to store a single frame or sequence quality assessment transmitted by the transmitting device 30 when it is not necessary to display the evaluated video quality.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a video stream quality evaluation apparatus 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the quality evaluation device 20 includes a data packet acquisition module 200, a data packet analysis module 210, a code stream analysis module 220, a single frame quality evaluation module 230, and a sequence quality evaluation module 240.
  • the packet acquisition module 200 is configured to acquire video data packets transmitted in the channel.
  • the video data packet may be a data packet of a specified video service, that is, a data packet that may be a video on demand service, a network television service, and a videophone service.
  • the video packet may also be applied to A packet of business for network video.
  • the packet analysis module 210 is configured to analyze the video data packet acquired by the data packet acquisition module 200. In this embodiment, the packet analysis module 210 analyzes the packet loss information of the video data packet, and the packet loss information includes a valid data packet and a lost data packet, and an identifier of the lost data packet.
  • the data packet analysis module 210 can obtain the valid data packet of the packet loss information of the video data packet and the data packet with the missing label by using a known technology, for example, by analyzing network packet loss, jit ter packet loss, and cache. The packet loss caused by the overflow is used to obtain the packet loss information of the video packet.
  • the code stream analysis module 220 is configured to receive the video data packet and the packet loss information sent by the data packet analysis module 210, obtain a video code stream from the video data packet, and analyze the video code stream to obtain the coded information of the video frame of the video code stream. .
  • the code stream analysis module 220 obtains a video code stream from a video data packet according to a video data packet, a packet loss information, and a video compression standard, where the video compression standard is a video compression standard in a known technology, such as H. 264 and MPEG-4 and so on.
  • the video stream can be obtained from the video data packet according to known methods, based on video data packets, packet loss information, and video compression standards.
  • the code stream analysis module 220 is further configured to analyze a video frame of a video code stream in the form of a GOP (Group Of Picture).
  • the coding information of the video frame includes a coding type of the video frame, an encoding code rate, and a frame rate parameter of the sequence.
  • the coding types of video frames include I frames, P frames, and B frames. I frame is an internally coded frame, P frame is a forward predicted frame, B frame Is a bidirectional interpolation frame, wherein the I frame is a complete picture, and the P frame and the B frame record are changes with respect to the I frame or the P frame, that is, each I frame generally has an I frame as a reference P.
  • the I frame, the P frame, and the B frame do not only correspond to the definitions in the existing video standard, and the I frame may be all frames that use the intra coding mode, and the P frame.
  • the B frame can be all frames that use the inter coding mode.
  • the code stream analysis module 220 is further configured to send the coded information of the video frame in the code stream to the single frame quality evaluation module 230 by using a frame, where the coded information of the video frame may be sent sequentially or sequentially. Send to the single frame quality assessment module 230.
  • the single frame quality evaluation module 230 is configured to receive the coded information of the video frame sent by the code stream analysis module 220, and perform single frame quality evaluation according to the coded information of the video frame.
  • the single frame quality evaluation module 230 is further configured to determine the type of the encoded information of the received current frame. When it is determined that the encoded information of the received frame is the encoded information of the I frame, the encoded information of the I frame is evaluated to obtain a single frame quality evaluation result of the I frame.
  • the coding information of the frame of the type is first buffered, and after the coding information of the reference frame is received, and the coding information of the reference frame is analyzed, The coding information of the P frame and the B frame referenced by the reference frame is analyzed.
  • the reference frame includes an I frame, a P frame, and a B frame
  • the P frame may use an I frame or another P frame as a reference frame
  • the B frame may be referenced by an I frame or a P frame or another B frame. frame.
  • the single frame quality evaluation module 230 obtains a single frame quality evaluation of the video frame by evaluating the encoding type of the video frame, the encoding rate, and the frame rate parameter of the sequence.
  • Code rate when the current frame is an I frame, C1 and C2 represent constants corresponding to the I frame.
  • the current frame is a P frame, C1 and C2 represent constants corresponding to the P frame.
  • C1 and C2 represents the constant corresponding to the B frame
  • L is the frame rate parameter of the sequence
  • C3 is the normalization coefficient of the frame rate parameter of the sequence, and is constant
  • Qr represents the single frame quality evaluation result of the reference frame corresponding to the current frame
  • f (Qr) C4* (T-Qr ) /T
  • the single frame quality assessment may also be performed by a formula containing a reference rate type, an encoding rate, and a frame rate parameter of the sequence or a formula transformed by the above formula.
  • the single frame quality evaluation module 230 is further configured to send a single frame quality evaluation result of the video frame to the sequence quality evaluation module 240, and send it to the transmitting device 30, and send the single frame quality evaluation result to the display device 40 through the transmitting device 30 to display the video frame.
  • the single frame quality evaluation result or storage device 40 evaluates the result of the single frame quality of the stored video frame.
  • the sequence quality assessment module 240 is configured to perform a sequence quality assessment based on the single frame quality assessment results of the video frames transmitted by the single frame quality assessment module 230.
  • the sequence quality evaluation module 240 squares the difference between the average value and the single frame quality evaluation result of the video frame in the time period by averaging the single frame quality evaluation result in any time period, Determining weighted weights of the video frames, performing a weighted average operation on the weights and the single frame quality evaluation results of the video frames in the time period to obtain a sequence quality evaluation result in the time period, and the above process may use the following formula Indicates:
  • the sequence quality assessment module 240 may also employ well-known techniques to obtain sequence quality assessment results.
  • the sequence quality assessment module 240 is also used to evaluate the quality of the sequence of frames within the time period. Sending to the transmitting device 30, and transmitting the quality evaluation result of the sequence to the display device through the transmitting device 30 40 to display the sequence quality evaluation result of the video frame within the time period or the storage device 50 to store the sequence quality evaluation result of the video frame within the time period.
  • the quality evaluation system and device for the video code stream provided in the embodiment of the present invention first obtains the coding information of the video frame, and performs the single frame sequence quality evaluation and output on the coding information of the video frame, and finally, in a certain time period.
  • the frame is subjected to sequence quality evaluation and output, so that the quality of the video data packet transmitted in the channel can be accurately predicted, and the single frame quality evaluation result of the video frame can be obtained instantaneously, and the sequence quality evaluation of the video frame in a certain time period can be obtained. result.
  • FIG. 4 is a general flowchart of a method for evaluating a quality of a video bitstream according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the quality assessment method is applied to quality assessment of the video stream without the use of decoded pixels.
  • the quality assessment method includes the following steps:
  • Step S300 acquiring a video data packet from the transmission channel, and analyzing the lost information of the obtained video data packet.
  • Step S302 Acquire a video code stream from the video data packet, and analyze the video code stream to obtain coded information of the video frame of the video code stream.
  • Step S304 Perform single frame quality evaluation according to the encoded information of the video frame of the video code stream.
  • Step S306 Perform sequence quality evaluation according to the single frame quality evaluation result of the video frame.
  • a single frame quality evaluation result or a sequence quality evaluation result is transmitted for display or storage.
  • FIG. 5 is a specific flowchart of FIG. 4 of a method for evaluating a quality of a video bitstream according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Step S400 acquiring a video data packet from the transmission channel.
  • the video data packet may be a data packet of a specified video service, that is, a data packet that may be a video on demand service, a network television service, and a videophone service.
  • the video packet may also be applied to A packet of business for network video.
  • Step S402 analyzing the acquired video data packet to obtain packet loss information of the video data packet.
  • the packet loss information includes a valid data packet and a lost data packet, and an identifier of the lost data packet.
  • Step S404 obtaining a video code stream from the video data packet according to the video data packet, the packet loss information, and the video compression standard.
  • Step S406 analyzing the video code stream to obtain coding information of a video frame of the video code stream.
  • the coding information of the video frame includes a coding type of the video frame, an encoding code rate, and a frame rate parameter of the sequence.
  • the coding types of video frames include I frames, P frames, and B frames.
  • the I frame is an intra-coded frame
  • the P-frame is a forward-predicted frame
  • the B-frame is a bidirectionally-interpolated frame, where the I-frame is a complete picture, and the P-frame and the B-frame record are changes relative to the I-frame, ie
  • Each of the I frames generally has a P frame and a B frame referenced to the I frame.
  • the I frame, the P frame, and the B frame do not only correspond to the definitions in the existing video standard, and the I frame. It may be all frames in the intra coding mode, and the P frame may be all frames in the inter coding mode.
  • Step S408 determining the type of the encoding information of the current frame.
  • step S410 the encoding information of the current frame is evaluated to obtain a single frame quality evaluation result of the I frame, and the flow proceeds to step S412.
  • C1 *R+C2) *L*C3 performs single frame quality evaluation, where Q represents the single frame quality evaluation result of the current frame, R represents the encoding rate of the current frame, and when the current frame frame is an I frame, C1 and C2 Indicates the constant corresponding to the I frame, L is the frame rate parameter of the sequence, and C3 is the normalization coefficient of the frame rate parameter of the sequence, and is a constant.
  • frames including reference coding type, code rate, and sequence may also be used.
  • step S414 the encoding information of the current frame of the P frame or the B frame type is buffered, and the flow proceeds to step S412.
  • Step S412 evaluating coding information of the P frame and the B frame referenced by the reference frame to obtain a single frame quality evaluation result of the P frame and the B frame, respectively.
  • the reference frame includes an I frame, a P frame, and a B frame
  • the P frame may use an I frame or another P frame as a reference frame
  • the B frame may be an I frame or a P frame or another B frame. Reference frame.
  • the coding information of the current P frame and the current B frame referenced by the I frame is first evaluated to obtain the current P frame and the current B frame respectively.
  • the frame quality evaluation result, and then the coding information of another P frame and another B frame referenced by the current P frame is evaluated to obtain a single frame quality evaluation result of another P frame and another B frame, and finally the current B frame is evaluated.
  • the other B frame is the referenced non-current B frame and the encoding information of the B frame other than the other B frame to obtain a single frame quality evaluation result of the B frame.
  • Q represents the quality evaluation result of the current frame
  • R represents the coding rate of the current frame.
  • C1 and C2 represent constants corresponding to the P frame.
  • C1 and C2 represent constants corresponding to the B frame
  • L is a frame rate parameter of the sequence
  • C3 is a sequence.
  • the normalization coefficient of the frame rate parameter is constant
  • Qr represents the single frame quality evaluation result of the reference frame corresponding to the current frame
  • f (Qr) is a function of Qr.
  • Step S412 performing sequence quality evaluation according to the single frame quality evaluation result of the I frame, the P frame, and the B frame.
  • the sequence quality evaluation of the frame is performed on the single frame quality evaluation result of the received video frame in a certain period of time by the following formula.
  • step S416 is the quality evaluation result of the sequence of frames in the time period
  • is the average single frame quality evaluation result of a single frame in the time period
  • is the number of frames in the time period.
  • the single frame or sequence quality evaluation result is sent to the display device by the transmitting device to display the single frame quality evaluation result of the video frame or display the time period.
  • Sequence quality evaluation result of the video frame if the single frame or sequence evaluation result is not required to be displayed, the single frame or sequence quality evaluation result is sent to the storage device by the transmitting device to store the single frame quality evaluation result of the video frame or to store the The sequence quality evaluation result of the video frame in the time period.
  • the quality evaluation method provided in the embodiment of the present invention first obtains the encoding information of the video frame by using the decoded pixel, and performs the single frame sequence quality evaluation and output on the encoded information of the video frame, and finally outputs a certain
  • the frame in the time period is subjected to sequence quality evaluation and output, so that the quality of the video data packet transmitted in the channel can be accurately predicted, and at the same time, the single frame quality evaluation result of the video frame can be obtained instantaneously, and the video in a certain period of time.
  • the sequence quality evaluation result of the frame can be completed by a computer program to instruct related hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory

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Description

一种视频码流的质量评估方法、 装置及系统 本申请要求于 2008 年 7 月 10 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200810068503. 7 ,发明名称为"用户上报的方法、装置和系统"的中国专利申请 的优先权, 在先申请文件的内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域 本发明实施例涉及移动通信技术领域, 特别是涉及一种视频码流的质量 评估方法、 装置及系统。
背景技术
随着网络技术的不断发展, 网络视频所引发的影视点播、 网络电视及可 视电话等业务已逐渐成为宽带网络的主要业务, 因此, 网络视频的服务质量 好坏可直接影响上述业务的发展。
为了保证网络视频的服务质量, 需对网络视频进行质量评估与监控, 以 便即时采取相应的措施进行调节和维护, 以保证上述业务的正常运行。
在现在技术中, 利用神经网络, 通过视频码率、 视频帧率、 丟包率及帧 内编码宏块数等参数来对网络视频质量进行评估。
发明人在实现本发明的过程中, 发现现有技术至少存在以下缺点: 现有 技术通过从统计的角度来分析视频码率和丟包率对视频质量的影响, 然而, 统计的方法会造成视频码率和丟包率的不准确, 从而最终无法准确的评估视 频质量, 并且只能给出一个综合的序列评分, 不能给出即时的视频帧的质量 评估。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种视频码流的视频质量评估方法、 装置及系统, 能够准确的评估网络视频的质量, 并且可以获得即时的视频质量。 根据本发明的一方面, 提供一种视频码流的质量评估方法, 包括: 获取视频码流; 获取所述视频帧的编码信息; 根据所述视频帧的编码信息进行单帧质量评估;
根据单帧质量评估结果进行序列质量评估。 根据本发明的另一方面, 提供一种视频码流的质量评估装置, 包括: 码流分析模块, 用于从视频数据包中获取视频码流, 并获取所述视频帧 的编码信息; 单帧质量评估模块, 用于根据所述视频帧的编码信息进行单帧质量评估; 序列质量评估模块, 用于根据单帧质量评估结果进行序列质量评估。 根据本发明的另一方面, 提供一种视频码流的质量评估系统, 包括: 质量评估装置, 用于从视频数据包中获取视频码流以获取所述视频码流 的视频帧的编码信息, 并根据所述视频帧的编码信息进行单帧质量评估, 及 根据单帧质量评估结果进行序列质量评估; 发送装置, 用于发送所述质量评估装置的单帧质量评估结果或序列评估 结果。 采用上述提供的质量评估方法、 装置及系统, 先通过获取视频帧的编码 信息, 并对视频帧的编码信息进行单帧序列质量评估并输出, 最后对某一时 间段内的帧进行序列质量评估并输出, 从而可准确预测信道中传输的视频数 据包的质量, 同时, 可即时的获得视频帧的单帧质量评估结果。
附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面 描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。 图 1为本发明实施例的视频码流的质量评估系统的应用环境图。
图 2为本发明实施例的视频码流的质量评估系统的结构图。 图 3为本发明实施例的视频码流的质量评估装置的结构图。 图 4为本发明实施例的视频码流的质量评估方法的总体流程图。
图 5为本发明实施例的视频码流的质量评估方法的具体流程图。
具体实施方式 下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而 不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有作 出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例 , 都属于本发明保护的范围。
图 1 为本发明实施例的视频码流的质量评估系统的应用环境图。 在本实 施例中, 原始的视频数据包经编码器 1编码后, 在网络中通过路由器 2传输 至解码器 3进行解码后播放。 图中的 A点、 B点及 C点为传输路径上的三个不 同支点, 质量评估系统可应用在图中的 A点、 B点及 C点的任何一个支点, 在 该支点获取已编码的视频码流, 并通过对已获取的视频码流进行视频质量评 估。
图 2为本发明实施例的视频码流的质量评估系统 10的结构图。 在本实施 例中, 质量评估系统 10包括质量评估装置 20、 发送装置 30、 显示装置 40及 存储装置 50。质量评估装置 20用于对已获取的视频数据包进行单帧质量评估 及序列质量评估。 发送装置 30用于发送质量评估装置 20的单帧质量评估结 果或序列质量评估结果至显示装置 40或存储装置 50。 显示装置 40用于当需 要显示评估后的视频质量时, 显示发送装置 30发送的单帧或序列质量评估。 存储装置 50用于当不需要显示评估后的视频质量时, 储存发送装置 30发送 的单帧或序列质量评估。
图 3为本发明实施例的视频码流的质量评估装置 20的结构图。 在本实施 例中, 质量评估装置 20包括数据包获取模块 200、 数据包分析模块 210、 码 流分析模块 220、 单帧质量评估模块 230及序列质量评估模块 240。
数据包获取模块 200用于获取信道中传输的视频数据包。 在本实施例中, 该视频数据包可以为指定的视频业务的数据包, 即可以为影视点播业务、 网 络电视业务及可视电话业务的数据包, 在其它实施例中, 也可以为运用到网 络视频的业务的数据包。 数据包分析模块 210用于分析数据包获取模块 200所获取的视频数据包。 在本实施例中, 数据包分析模块 21 0分析视频数据包的丟包信息, 丟包信息 包括有效的数据包和丟失的数据包, 及标记丟失的数据包的标识。 在本实施 例中, 数据包分析模块 210 的可通过公知技术来获得视频数据包的丟包信息 的有效数据包和标记丟失的数据包, 比如通过分析网络丟包、 j i t ter丟包和 緩存上溢导致的丟包来获得视频数据包的丟包信息。
码流分析模块 220用于接收数据包分析模块 210发送的视频数据包及丟 包信息, 从视频数据包中获取视频码流, 及分析该视频码流以获得视频码流 的视频帧的编码信息。 在本实施例中, 码流分析模块 220通过根据视频数据 包、 丟包信息及视频压缩标准从视频数据包中获得视频码流, 其中视频压缩 标准为公知技术中的视频压缩标准, 比如 H. 264及 MPEG-4等。 可通过公知技 术根据视频数据包、 丟包信息及视频压缩标准从视频数据包中获得视频码流。
在本实施例中, 码流分析模块 220还用于以 GOP ( Group Of P i c ture , 一 组连续的画面) 的形式来分析视频码流的视频帧。 在本实施例中 , 视频帧的 编码信息包括视频帧的编码类型、 编码码率及序列的帧率参数。 视频帧的编 码类型包括 I帧、 P帧及 B帧。 I帧是内部编码帧, P帧是前向预测帧, B帧 是双向内插帧, 其中, I帧是一个完整的画面, 而 P帧和 B帧记录的是相对于 I帧或者 P帧的变化, 即每一个 I帧一般都有以 I帧为参考的 P帧和 B帧, 在 本实施例中, 所述的 I帧, P帧, B帧并不仅仅对应现有视频标准中的定义, I帧可以是所有采用帧内编码模式的帧, P帧, B帧可以是所有采用帧间编码 模式的帧。
码流分析模块 220还用于以帧的形成将该码流中的视频帧的编码信息发 送至单帧质量评估模块 230, 其中, 该视频帧的编码信息可以无顺序的发送也 可以有顺序的发送至单帧质量评估模块 230。 单帧质量评估模块 230用于接收码流分析模块 220发送的视频帧的编码 信息, 并根据所述视频帧的编码信息进行单帧质量评估。 在本实施例中, 单 帧质量评估模块 230还用于判断所接收的当前帧的编码信息的类型。 当判断 所接收的该帧的编码信息为 I帧的编码信息, 则评估该 I帧的编码信息以得 到该 I 帧的单帧质量评估结果。 当判断所接收的该帧的编码信息为 P帧或 B 帧的编码信息, 先緩存该类型帧的编码信息, 等到接收其参考帧的编码信息 后, 且分析完该参考帧的编码信息后, 再分析以该参考帧为参考的 P 帧及 B 帧的编码信息。 在本实施例中, 该参考帧包括 I帧、 P帧、 B帧, P帧可以以 I帧或另一 P帧作为参考帧, B帧可以以 I帧或 P帧或另一 B帧作为参考帧。 在本实施例中, 单帧质量评估模块 230通过评估视频帧的编码类型、 编 码码率及序列的帧率参数来获得视频帧的单帧质量评估。 单帧质量评估模块 230可以通过公式 Q= ( C1 *R+C2 ) *L*C3*f (Qr)进行单帧质量评估, 其中 Q表 示当前帧的单帧质量评估结果, R表示当前帧的编码码率,当当前帧为 I帧时, C1和 C2表示 I帧对应的常数, 当当前帧为 P帧时, C1和 C2表示 P帧对应的 常数, 当当前帧为 B帧时, C1和 C2表示 B帧对应的常数, L为序列的帧率参 数, C3 为序列的帧率参数的归一化系数, 为常数, Qr表示当前帧所对应参考 帧的单帧质量评估结果, ((^ )是(^的函数, 当当前帧为 I帧时 f ( Qr ) = 1; 当当前帧为非 I帧时, 当 Qr<=预定的阈值 T时, f (Qr) =C4* (T-Qr ) /T, C4为常数, 当 Qr>T时, f (Qr) = 1。 在其它实施例中, 还可以通过包含 参考编码类型、 编码码率及序列的帧率参数的公式或由上述公式所变换的公 式进行单帧质量评估。 单帧质量评估模块 230还用于发送视频帧的单帧质量评估结果至序列质 量评估模块 240, 并发送至发送装置 30, 通过发送装置 30发送单帧质量评估 结果至显示装置 40 以显示视频帧的单帧质量评估结果或存储装置 40以储存 视频帧的单帧质量评估结果。
序列质量评估模块 240用于根据单帧质量评估模块 230发送的视频帧的 单帧质量评估结果进行序列质量评估。在本实施例中,序列质量评估模块 240 通过将任意时间段内的单帧质量评估结果求均值, 将均值与所述时间段内的 视频帧的单帧质量评估结果的差值求平方运算, 确定视频帧的加权的权值, 将所述权值和所述时间段内视频帧的单帧质量评估结果进行加权平均运算以 获得所述时间段内的序列质量评估结果, 上述过程可用以下公式表示:
Qs =∑(Ql,n*P(i))/∑P(i)
Figure imgf000008_0001
其中, &为该时间段内的帧序列的质量评估结果, "为第 i个帧的单帧 质量评估结果, 为该时间段内的单帧的平均单帧质量评估结果, n为该时 间段内视频帧的数量。 在其它实施例中, 序列质量评估模块 240还可以采用 公知技术来获得序列质量评估结果。 序列质量评估模块 240还用于将该时间段内的帧的序列的质量评估结果 发送至发送装置 30,并通过发送装置 30发送序列的质量评估结果至显示装置 40以显示该时间段内的视频帧的序列质量评估结果或存储装置 50以储存该时 间段内的视频帧的序列质量评估结果。 本发明实施例中提供的视频码流的质量评估系统与装置, 先通过获取视 频帧的编码信息, 并对视频帧的编码信息进行单帧序列质量评估并输出, 最 后对某一时间段内的帧进行序列质量评估并输出, 从而可准确预测信道中传 输的视频数据包的质量, 同时, 可即时的获得视频帧的单帧质量评估结果, 与某一时间段内的视频帧的序列质量评估结果。
图 4 为本发明实施例的视频码流的质量评估方法的总体流程图。 在本实 施例中, 该质量评估方法应用在不利用解码象素的情况下, 对视频码流进行 质量评估。 所述质量评估方法包括如下步骤:
步骤 S300, 从传输信道中获取视频数据包, 并分析所获取的视频数据包 的丟失信息。
步骤 S302 , 从视频数据包中获取视频码流, 分析该视频码流以获得视频 码流的视频帧的编码信息。
步骤 S304 , 根据视频码流的视频帧的编码信息进行单帧质量评估。 步骤 S306 , 根据视频帧的单帧质量评估结果进行序列质量评估。 步骤 S308 , 发送质量评估结果以显示或储存。 在本实施例中, 发送单帧 质量评估结果或序列质量评估结果以显示或储存。 图 5为本发明实施例的视频码流的质量评估方法的图 4的具体流程图。 步骤 S400, 从传输信道中获取视频数据包。 在本实施例中, 该视频数据 包可以为指定的视频业务的数据包, 即可以为影视点播业务、 网络电视业务 及可视电话业务的数据包, 在其它实施例中, 也可以为运用到网络视频的业 务的数据包。
步骤 S402 , 分析所获取的视频数据包以获得该视频数据包的丟包信息。 在本实施例中, 丟包信息包括有效的数据包和丟失的数据包, 及标记丟失的 数据包的标识。 步骤 S404 , 根据视频数据包、 丟包信息及视频压缩标准从视频数据包中 获得视频码流。 步骤 S406 , 分析该视频码流以获得视频码流的视频帧的编码信息。 在本 实施例中, 视频帧的编码信息包括视频帧的编码类型、 编码码率及序列的帧 率参数。 视频帧的编码类型包括 I帧、 P帧及 B帧。 I帧是内部编码帧, P帧 是前向预测帧, B帧是双向内插帧, 其中, I帧是一个完整的画面, 而 P帧和 B帧记录的是相对于 I帧的变化,即每一个 I帧一般都有以 I帧为参考的 P帧 和 B帧, 在本实施例中, 所述的 I帧, P帧, B帧并不仅仅对应现有视频标准 中的定义, I帧可以是所有采用帧内编码模式的帧, P帧, B帧可以是所有采 用帧间编码模式的帧。 步骤 S408 , 判断当前帧的编码信息的类型。 在本实施例中, 若判断当前 帧的编码信息为 I帧类型的编码信息, 则进入步骤 S410。 若判断当前帧的编 码信息的类型为 P帧或 B帧类型的编码信息, 则进入步骤 S414。 在步骤 S410中, 评估该 I帧类型的当前帧的编码信息以得到该 I帧的单 帧质量评估结果, 并进入步骤 S412。 在本实施例中, 通过视频帧的编码类型、 编码码率及序列的帧率参数对该帧进行单帧质量评估, 可以通过公式 Q=
( C1 *R+C2 ) *L*C3进行单帧质量评估, 其中 Q表示当前帧的单帧质量评估结 果, R表示当前帧的编码码率, 当当前帧帧为 I帧时, C1和 C2表示 I帧对应 的常数, L 为序列的帧率参数, C3 为序列的帧率参数的归一化系数, 且为常 数。 在其它实施例中, 还可以通过包含参考编码类型、 编码码率及序列的帧
在步骤 S414中, 緩存该 P帧或 B帧类型的当前帧的编码信息, 并进入步 骤 S412。 步骤 S412 , 评估以参考帧为参考的 P帧及 B帧的编码信息以分别得到 P 帧及 B帧的单帧质量评估结果。 在本实施例中, 该参考帧包括为 I帧、 P帧、 B帧, P帧可以以 I帧或另一 P帧作为参考帧, B帧可以以 I帧或 P帧或另一 B帧作为参考帧。 在本实施例中, 当评估完所述 I帧的单帧质量评估后, 先评 估以 I帧为参考的当前 P帧及当前 B帧的编码信息以分别得到当前 P帧及当 前 B帧的单帧质量评估结果, 再评估以当前 P帧为参考的另一 P帧及另一 B 帧的编码信息以得到另一 P帧及另一 B帧的单帧质量评估结果, 最后评估以 当前 B帧或该另一 B帧为参考的非当前 B帧及非该另一 B帧的 B帧的编码信 息以得该 B帧的单帧质量评估结果。 在本实施例中, 通过公式 Q= ( C1 *R+C2 ) *L*C3*f (Qr)行单帧质量评估, 其中 Q表示当前帧的质量评估结果, R表示当前帧的编码码率, 当当前帧帧为 P帧时, C1和 C2表示 P帧对应的常数, 当当前帧帧为 B帧时, C1和 C2表示 B帧对应的常数, L为序列的帧率参数, C3为序列的帧率参数的归一化系数, 且为常数, Qr表示当前帧所对应参考帧的单帧质量评估结果, f ( Qr )是 Qr的 函数, 当 Qr<=预定的阈值 T时, f ( Qr ) = C4* ( T - Qr ) /T, C4为常数, 当 Qr>T时, f ( Qr ) = 1。 在本实施例中, 当执行完步骤 S412后, 同时进入步骤 S416及步骤 S418。 步骤 S416 , 根据 I帧、 P帧及 B帧的单帧质量评估结果进行序列质量评 估。 在本实施例中, 通过以下公式对某一时间段内的所接收的视频帧的单帧 质量评估结果进行帧的序列质量评估。
P(i)
Figure imgf000011_0001
其中, &为该时间段内的帧序列的质量评估结果, "为第 i个帧的单帧 质量评估结果, β' 为该时间段内的单帧的平均单帧质量评估结果, η为该时 间段内帧的数量。 执行步骤 S416后, 进入步骤 S418。
步骤 S418 , 发送质量评估结果以显示或储存。 在本实施例中, 若要显示 该单帧或序列质量评估结果, 则通过发送装置发送该单帧或序列质量评估结 果至显示装置以显示视频帧的单帧质量评估结果或显示该时间段内的视频帧 的序列质量评估结果; 若不需要显示该单帧或序列评估结果, 则通过发送装 置发送该单帧或序列质量评估结果至存储装置以储存视频帧的单帧质量评估 结果或储存该时间段内的视频帧的序列质量评估结果。 本发明实施例中提供的质量评估方法, 在不利用解码象素的情况下, 先 通过获取视频帧的编码信息, 并对视频帧的编码信息进行单帧序列质量评估 并输出, 最后对某一时间段内的帧进行序列质量评估并输出, 从而可准确预 测信道中传输的视频数据包的质量, 同时, 还可即时的获得视频帧的单帧质 量评估结果, 与某一时间段内的视频帧的序列质量评估结果。 本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流 程, 是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成, 所述的程序可存储于 一计算机可读取存储介质中, 该程序在执行时, 可包括如上述各方法的实施 例的流程。其中,所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体( Read-Only Memory, ROM )或随机存^ ^己忆体 ( Random Access Memory, RAM )等。 最后应说明的是: 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其进 行限制, 尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 本领域的普通技 术人员应当理解: 其依然可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换, 而这些修改或者等同替换亦不能使修改后的技术方案脱离本发明技术方案的 ^"神和范围。

Claims

权利 要求 书
1、 一种视频码流的质量评估方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
获取视频码流;
获取所述视频码流的视频帧的编码信息; 根据所述视频帧的编码信息进行单帧质量评估;
根据单帧质量评估结果进行序列质量评估。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的质量评估方法, 其特征在于, 所述视频帧的编码 信息包括视频帧的编码类型、 编码码率、 丟包信息及序列的帧率参数。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的质量评估方法, 其特征在于, 所述单帧质量评估 的步骤包括:
通过所述视频帧的编码类型、 编码码率, 丟包信息及序列的帧率参数对所 述视频帧进行单帧质量评估, 其中编码类型包括 I帧、 P帧及 B帧。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的质量评估方法, 其特征在于, 所述单帧质量评估 的步骤包括:
判断当前所述视频帧的编码信息的类型;
若判断当前所述视频帧的编码信息为 I 帧类型的编码信息, 则对所述当前 所述视频帧进行单帧质量评估。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的质量评估方法, 其特征在于, 所述单帧质量评估 的步骤包括:
若判断当前所述视频帧的编码信息为 P帧或 B帧类型的编码信息, 则緩存 所述 P帧或 B帧类型的当前所述视频帧的编码信息;
当评估完所述 P帧或 B帧所参考的参考帧的单帧质量后, 评估 P帧或 B帧 以分别得到 P帧或 B帧的单帧质量评估结果。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的质量评估方法, 其特征在于, 所述序列质量评估 的步骤包括: 将任意时间段内的单帧质量评估结果求均值;
将均值与所述时间段内的视频帧的单帧质量评估结果的差值求平方运算, 确定视频帧的加权的权值;
将所述时间段内的视频帧的单帧质量评估结果与所述权值进行加权平均运 算, 得到序列质量评估结果。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的质量评估方法, 其特征在于, 还包括: 输出单帧或序列质量评估结果。
8、 一种视频码流的质量评估装置, 其特征在于, 包括: 码流分析模块, 用于从视频数据包中获取视频码流, 并获取所述视频帧的 编码信息; 单帧质量评估模块, 用于根据所述视频帧的编码信息进行单帧质量评估; 序列质量评估模块, 用于根据单帧质量评估结果进行序列质量评估。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的质量评估装置, 其特征在于, 所述视频帧的编码 信息包括视频帧的编码类型、 编码码率, 丟包信息及序列的帧率参数。
10、 根据权利要求 9 所述的质量评估装置, 其特征在于, 所述单帧质量评 估模块还用于通过所述视频帧的编码类型、 编码码率, 丟包信息及序列的帧率 参数对所述视频帧进行单帧质量评估, 其中编码类型包括 I帧、 P帧及 B帧。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的质量评估装置, 其特征在于, 所述单帧质量评 估模块还用于判断当前所述视频帧的编码信息的类型, 当判断当前所述视频帧 的编码信息的类型为 I 帧类型的编码信息时, 对当前所述视频帧进行单帧质量 评估。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的质量评估装置, 其特征在于, 所述单帧质量评 估模块还用于判断当前所述视频帧的编码信息为 P帧或 B帧类型的编码信息, 緩存所述 P帧或 B帧类型的当前所述视频帧的编码信息, 并当评估完所述 P帧 或 B帧所参考的参考帧的单帧质量后, 评估 P帧或 B帧以分别得到 P帧或 B帧 的单帧质量评估结果。
1 3、 根据权利要求 8 所述的质量评估装置, 其特征在于, 所述序列质量评 估模块还用于将任意时间段内的单帧质量评估结果求均值, 将均值与所述时间 段内的视频帧的单帧质量评估结果的差值求平方运算, 确定视频帧的加权的权 值, 将所述权值和所述时间段内视频帧的单帧质量评估结果进行加权平均运算。
14、 根据权利要求 8所述的质量评估装置, 其特征在于, 还包括: 数据包获取模块, 用于获取信道中传输的视频数据包;
数据包分析模块, 用于分析所获取的视频数据包的丟包信息, 其中丟包信 息包括有效的数据包和丟失的数据包, 及标记丟失的数据包的标识。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的质量评估装置, 其特征在于, 所述码流分析模 块还用于通过根据所述视频数据包、 所述丟包信息及视频压缩标准获得所述视 频码流。
16、 一种视频码流的质量评估系统, 其特征在于, 包括: 质量评估装置, 用于从视频数据包中获取视频码流以获取所述视频码流的 视频帧的编码信息, 并根据所述视频帧的编码信息进行单帧质量评估, 及根据 单帧质量评估结果进行序列质量评估;
发送装置, 用于发送所述质量评估装置的单帧质量评估结果或序列评估结 果。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的质量评估系统, 其特征在于, 所述视频帧的编 码信息包括视频帧的编码类型、 编码码率, 丟包信息及序列的帧率参数。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的质量评估系统, 其特征在于, 所述质量评估装 置还用于通过所述视频帧的编码类型、 编码码率, 丟包信息及序列的帧率参数 对所述视频帧进行单帧质量评估, 其中编码类型包括 I帧、 P帧及 B帧。
19、 根据权利要求 18所述的质量评估系统, 其特征在于, 所述质量评估装 置还用于判断当前所述视频帧的编码信息的类型, 当判断当前所述视频帧的编 码信息的类型为 I 帧类型的编码信息时, 对所述当前所述视频帧进行单帧质量 评估。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的质量评估系统, 其特征在于, 所述质量评估装 置还用于判断当前所述视频帧的编码信息为 P帧或 B帧类型的编码信息, 緩存 所述 P帧或 B帧类型的当前所述视频帧的编码信息, 并当评估完所述 P帧或 B 帧所参考的参考帧的单帧质量后, 评估 P帧或 B帧以分别得到 P帧或 B帧的单 帧质量评估结果。
21、 根据权利要求 20所述的质量评估系统, 其特征在于, 还包括: 显示装置, 用于显示所述传输装置发送的所述单帧质量评估结果或序列质 量评估结果; 存储装置, 用于緩存所述传输装置发送的所述单帧质量评估结果或所述序 列质量评估结果。
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