WO2009149706A2

WO2009149706A2 - Filter for working fluid of an internal combustion engine, and components of such a filter

Info

Publication number: WO2009149706A2
Application number: PCT/DE2009/075025
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wilhelm Ardes
Original assignee: Hengst Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2008-06-09
Filing date: 2009-06-08
Publication date: 2009-12-17
Also published as: WO2009149706A3; CN102112194A; DE102008027374A1

Abstract

A first embodiment of the invention relates to a filter for working fluid of an internal combustion engine, e.g. oil or fuel. Said filter comprises a housing and a functional element such as a filter insert that can be inserted into the housing. The functional element has a supply pipe or discharge pipe for a fluid. A closing element is provided on the functional element. Said closing element closes the supply pipe or discharge pipe in the dismounted state of the functional element and is designed to be movable relative to the remainder of the functional element in such a way as to be automatically moved into an open position when the functional element is mounted, the closing element unblocking the supply pipe or discharge pipe in said open position when the functional element is in the mounted state.

Description

"Fuel filter of an internal combustion engine, and components of such a filter"

Description:

The invention relates to a filter for operating means of an internal combustion engine, for example an oil filter or a fuel filter.

In particular, it should be pointed out that all the proposals described below can be implemented in one and the same filter, so that the individually described proposals can be implemented individually within the present application, or several can be realized in the same filter, or all can be realized in the same filter.

According to a first proposal, such a filter can be improved to ensure that a functional element provided in the filter is installed in optimally new condition.

For example, it is known from practice to carry out filter changes in that so-called filter inserts are excluded. be changed. Such filter inserts contain the actual filter element, that is to say a filter surface which can be designed, for example, as a paper fold filter. The ever increasing demands on the quality of the filtered equipment means that the filters used have an increasingly higher filtration fineness. For example, fuel filters are used with a filter fineness of only 2 microns. In such fine filters already abrasion of a packaging box may be undesirably large and clog the filter surface.

To achieve the highest possible integration density can be advantageously provided that the functional element, which is used in the filter housing, for example, the aforementioned filter insert, a supply line or a drain line for a filtered or already filtered fluid. In order to ensure that, for example, the abovementioned abrasion, which may have a particle size of more than 2 μm, does not pass into a feed line for a filter insert, the filter can advantageously be configured according to a first proposal: In this case, a closure element is provided which is dismantled

Condition of the functional element closes the mentioned inflow or outflow line, thus protecting against the ingress of contaminants. This closure element is provided on the functional element and movable relative to the rest of the functional element. It is designed such that it is automatically moved during assembly of the functional element, that is moved from its closed position and is moved to a release position in which there is the above-mentioned inflow or outflow line free. This release position assumes the closure element at the latest when the functional element is in its fully assembled state.

In this case, a stop can advantageously be provided in the housing, so that during the assembly of the functional element, the closure element is guided against this stop. In the further movement of the functional element in the further mon- daily progress is thus automatically enforced the movement of the closure element and the closure element is guided in its release position.

In terms of the highest possible integration density can be particularly advantageously provided that at least two supply or discharge lines are provided on the functional element, the closure element advantageously closes both inlet and outlet lines, so that instead of the arrangement of several closure elements, the number of components advantageously low can be held.

Advantageously, the closure element can be configured as a ring, which is displaced in the mounting direction. Alternatively or in an expanded configuration of the ring can be provided that the ring can be rotated about its axis and has closed peripheral portions and apertured peripheral portions. In particular, if there is little space available for an axial mobility of the ring, this rotation of the ring, possibly without any additional space required, the movement of the closure element from its closed position are made possible in its release position.

Advantageously, it can be provided that the closure element is securely held in its release position. In this way it is possible, for example, that sensitive materials such as the mentioned paper material for a pleated filter element are protected against damage by the potentially freely movable functional element. Therefore, advantageously, a locking of the closure element may be provided by this and the functional element having corresponding locking means.

As mentioned, the functional element can be designed, for example, as a filter element or can have a filter element and a drainage line, through which the cleaned fluid, in which - A -

For example, fuel or oil, can flow to the supply points. By means of the closure element provided as proposed, this drainage line is closed, so that particles which may be larger than the particles which may be present in the filtered fluid due to the selected filter fineness do not enter the drainage line and thus do not reach the supply points downstream of the filter can.

1 shows a functional element of a filter in the delivery state,

Fig. 2 shows the functional element of Fig. 1 in the assembled state, wherein the filter element receiving the functional element is shown only in sections, and Fig. 3 shows the functional element after its removal from the filter.

In the drawings, 1 denotes a functional element as a whole, which is designed as a filter insert and in a conventional manner has an upper end plate 2, which can be clipped by means of locking arms 3 with a lid of a filter housing. The cover is handled together with the functional element 1 and the functional element 1 is first introduced in the axial direction into an approximately cup-shaped housing of the filter. Finally, the thread of the lid against a corresponding thread of the housing, so that then screwed the lid and thereby the functional element is inserted axially over a final distance in the housing.

The illustrated functional element 1 has a Faltenfilterele- element 4, which is bounded below by a lower, annular end plate 5. Below the lower end plate 5 further components of the functional element 1 are provided. For example, the pleated filter element 4 as the main filter or fine filter be designed while below the lower end plate 5, for example, a coarse filter or pre-filter can be provided. In addition, the functional element 1, which is flowed through radially from the outside to the inside, has a drain line 6 for cleaned fluid, the drain line 6 being guided radially outward below the lower end disk 5. This drain line 6 serves to guide purified fluid to the supply points of an internal combustion engine, for example to an injection system, when the functional element 1 serves as a fuel filter, or to the lubrication points of an engine when the functional element 1 is provided for example for filtering oil.

To prevent contamination of the drain line 6, before the functional element 1 its mounting state within the

Filter housing occupies a closure element 7 is provided. The closure element 7 is designed as a ring which, when the functional element 1 according to FIG. 1 is in its delivery state, bears seals 8 and 9, from which the lower seal 9 circulates circumferentially around the entire functional element 1.

Fig. 2 shows a section of the functional element 1 within a cup-shaped housing 10 in the mounted state: The housing 10 has an obliquely extending stop 1 1, against which the closure element 7 automatically comes when the functional element 1 inserted into the housing 10 in the axial direction becomes. Upon further movement of the functional element 1, the stop 1 1 automatically causes a relative movement of the closure element 7, by this is moved virtually opposite to the other functional element 1 upwards. In fact, the closure element 7 retains its abutment with the stop 1 1, while the rest of the functional element 1 moves in the axial direction. The left seal 8 and the seal 9 seal when the

Functional element 1 is in its mounted state, the Drain line 6 from, so that a sealed connection of the drain line 6 is provided to a clean fluid line 12.

The lower seal 9 runs circumferentially around the entire functional element 1 and lies against the housing 10 on the inside. The housing 10 may be slightly conical in the area where it forms the seal seat for the seal 9: First, to allow easy removal of the designed as an injection molded housing from the injection mold. Second, to the trouble-free insertion of the functional element 1 in the

To enable housing 10 when the functional element 1 is inserted in the axial direction in the housing 10 by the clear width within the housing 10 as large as possible over a maximum distance remains. As a result, the seal 9 is protected by not having an undesirably large

The track rubs against the inside wall of the housing. Thirdly, in order to ensure a reliably tight contact of the seal 9 on the housing 10, by correspondingly reducing the clear width in the area where the housing 10 forms the seal seat for the seal 9.

In particular, from the enlarged view of FIG. 2 it can be seen that a circumferential projection is provided on the folded filter element 4 in its lower region. This projection is created by a glue bead 14, which has been applied circumferentially after production of the pleated filter element 4 and represents a first latching means. The closure element 7 has a locking means corresponding thereto, namely a circumferential, inwardly projecting projection 15. When the functional element is completely mounted in its

Condition is transferred, as can be seen from Fig. 2, while the shutter member 7 has been pressed together with its projection 15 on the glue bead 14 in the meantime.

The inner diameter of the closure element 7 and the outer diameter of the glue bead 14 ensure that the Final element 7 is set without play, so that undesirable relative movements between these two components are avoided and thus prevents undesirable abrasion or the folded filter element 4 is damaged. In addition, the closure element 7 can form a baffle surface: the

Feed line for the raw fluid, which are guided through the pleated filter element 4 and is to be filtered, can open into the housing 10, for example at the level of the closure element 7. In order to enable high flow velocities of the fluid, the mouth of the feed line can connect tangentially to the housing 10, so that the raw fluid does not impinge on the folded filter element 4 with full momentum. The fact that the closure element 7 forms the aforementioned baffle surface, an additional protection for the pleated filter element 4 can be achieved, and / or it can be created additional design freedom, for example, by the feed line for the raw fluid not necessarily tangentially, but for example, also admittedly radially can connect the housing 10 without jeopardizing the pleated filter element 4.

Furthermore, the fact that the closure element 7 is held in its release position, ensures that even when removing the functional element 1 from the housing 10, the drain line 6 remains open, so that the functional element 1 can run empty during disassembly. This keeping open of the closure element 7 is effected by the latching between the glue bead 14 and the inside circumferential projection 15 of the closure element 7.

According to a second proposal, a seal is provided which has two sealing sections in a manner known per se, the two sealing sections being connected to one another. According to the proposal, the two sealing portions are pivotable relative to each other, so that in this way also a low-cost manufactured seal, which runs exclusively in a single plane, can be used to To seal complicated component geometries and seal, for example, angled lines meeting each other. For example, after a corresponding pivoting operation, the two sealing portions 90 ° to each other. The fact that the connection of the sealing portions is point-shaped, the deformability is favored and supports an embodiment of the seal, which reliably despite the deformation is applied to the components to be sealed and thus ensures the desired seal.

Instead of embodying the two sealing sections taken individually and merely holding them together by way of a point-shaped connecting element, it can be advantageously provided that the connection of the sealing sections takes place via at least two punctiform connection points. A second, approximately bow-shaped sealing portion can thus be formed on an annular sealing portion, for example, which can be pivoted relative to the first sealing portion and in which advantageously the two connection points spaced from each other to the annular first

Connect sealing section.

Advantageously, the seal between the two connection points extend as straight as possible. Optimal is a really rectilinear course, as this causes a slight change in shape when pivoting the two seal sections against each other and thus optimal conditioning of the seal on the components to be sealed.

Depending on the intended assembly, the one or more second sealing sections can adjoin the first sealing section, in particular if it is configured in an annular manner, projecting outward or inward. For example, if the proposed seal is to be mounted on a component, which is then to be used in another component, so would outward projecting second sealing portions may possibly be problematic insofar as they would possibly strive from their deformed, pivoted arrangement, if necessary by restoring forces, not to abut the said component, but to deform back into an outwardly projecting position. This could lead to problems with the assembly of the component and possibly damage to the seal could not be ruled out.

In practice, this could for example be applied when a filter insert of a fluid filter, as in the field of

Automotive industry is used for filtering fuel or oil, to be provided with such a seal and then to be introduced into an approximately cup-shaped housing of the filter. Conversely, should the proposed seal be inserted into the housing before the filter cartridge is mounted, the outwardly projecting arrangement of the second sealing portions would be advantageous because then the seal would automatically create the cup-shaped housing optimally by the aforementioned restoring forces.

Conversely, it can be advantageously provided that the second sealing portions are arranged within the annular first sealing portion when the proposed seal is to be mounted on the filter insert. The restoring forces would cause the second sealing sections to optimally rest against the filter insert and not protrude outwardly in such a way that the filter insert can be introduced into the filter housing without difficulty and with the sparing of the sealing material.

In order to ensure the desired position of the pivoted sealing portions, an additional holder can advantageously be provided, which is provided on the second sealing portion to be pivoted. This holder can for example be designed as a tab or as a mushroom-shaped projection, so that the holder in a corresponding Ausaus can be depressed or buttoned. Alternatively, the holder can be configured as an approximately annular eyelet, which can be buttoned to a corresponding advantage of the component, to which component the second sealing portion is intended to rest.

With the proposal according seal a sealing arrangement can be created in which a plurality of fluid spaces can be sealed against each other in the smallest space. Thus, the first seal portion may seal a first fluid space against a second fluid space, and the second seal portion may seal the second fluid space not only to the first but also to a third fluid space.

An embodiment of a proposed seal is explained in more detail below with reference to the purely schematic representations. It shows

4 shows a seal with a first and a second sealing portion,

5 shows an insert with mounted seal,

Fig. 6 shows the use of Fig. 2 together with the seal of

Fig. 1 within a surrounding component, Fig. 7 and 8, a seal with a plurality of second sealing portions in the production state, and Figs. 9 and 10, the seal of Figs. 7 and 8 in the assembled state.

In the drawings, 16 denotes a seal having a first, large, annular sealing portion 17 and a second, smaller, bow-shaped sealing portion 18th

FIG. 4 shows the seal 16 in the deformed state: both seal sections 17 and 18 each have, in a similar manner to a NEM O-ring - a circular material cross section of the sealing material, and the seal 16 has first been prepared so that both sealing portions 17 and 18 lie in a plane. By torsion of the first sealing portion 17 of the second sealing portion 18 is almost folded upwards, so pivoted until it runs in a plane which is shown in Fig. 4 and which extends 90 ° to the plane in which the first sealing portion 17 extends ,

FIG. 5 shows the seal 16 on a component which is configured as an insert 19.

Fig. 6 shows the insert 19 within a housing 20. The housing 20 forms a nozzle 21 from. Below the insert 19 there is a first fluid space 22, which is sealed by the first sealing portion 17 against the atmosphere surrounding the housing 20, which constitutes a second fluid space 23. A fluid conduit extending through the insert 19 and the spigot 21 constitutes a third fluid space 24 which is sealed by the second sealing portion 18 both to the first fluid space 22 and to the ambient atmosphere, ie the second fluid space 23.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 it can be provided that the provided there seals 8 and 9 are configured as a single seal 16 in the sense of the present proposal: the lower, circumferentially circumferential seal 9 represents the first seal portion 17, and the upper seals denoted by 8 are bow-shaped sealing portions similar to the second sealing portion 18 shown in Figs. 4 and 5, each extending around a certain fluid space, such as the drain conduit 6 shown on the left of Figs.

Purely by way of example is based on the sealing portion shown on the left, which is designated in Figs. 1 to 3 with 8, a Holder 25 indicated that holds the upwardly pivoted sealing portion in its pivoted position.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show a seal 16 having a plurality of second seal portions 18, each second seal portion 18 being provided with a holder 25. The seal 16 is first produced particularly economically lying flat in only one plane. Only then is the first sealing portion 17 of the seal 16 rolled in such a way that the second sealing portions 18 are pivoted from the flat lying in a standing orientation, which is shown in Figs. 9 and 10. The rolling movement, for example, take place in that the seal 16 is rolled with its first sealing portion 17 on a component, such as. B. on the functional element 1 shown in FIG. 1, so that during this

Rolling the second sealing portions 18 create this component. In this adjacent position they can be secured by the holder 25.

According to a further proposal, the filter is provided in a manner known per se with two spaces sealed off from each other in a fluid-tight manner, namely a so-called filter space in which a filter element is arranged and on the other hand with a so-called collecting space which has no filter function. When used as a fuel filter, the filter element may be arranged, for example, in the filter chamber through which the unpurified fuel is passed, not only unwanted particles are filtered out of the fuel in the filter chamber, but also a separation of water contained in the fuel in the filter compartment. The separated water, which has a higher specific gravity than the fuel, automatically sinks down and enters the plenum. In this case, a channel runs out of the filter chamber through the collecting chamber to the outside, for example as an inlet channel, to lead uncleaned fuel into the filter chamber, or as a discharge channel, which cleaned fuel out of the filter. leads, for example, to an injection system of an internal combustion engine.

According to the proposal, it is provided that the channel does not exit axially downwards, that is to say out of the bottom surface of the filter housing, but rather is guided radially outward, that is to say through the peripheral surface of the housing. In this way, the formation of the soil is made possible without interference edges, so that no dirt can accumulate on the ground, which can then run off undesirable, also is the

Cleaning the collection space made easier by the fact that the soil can be cleaned easily.

Fig. 1 1 shows an embodiment of a filter which is substantially similar to that of Figs. 1 to 3, so that the same components with the same reference numerals as in the above-described Figs. 1 to 6 are designated. However, in Fig. 1 1, the closure element 7 of the functional element 1 is not shown.

The cup-shaped filter housing 10 has an upper filter chamber, in which the folded filter element 4 is arranged. In its lower region, the housing 10 has a bottom 26 and, above the bottom, a collecting space 27 in which water fractions separated from the fuel collect by gravity. Both the filter room and the

Collecting space 27 are surrounded by an approximately cylindrical circumferential surface area 28.

The drain line 6 leads through the collecting space 27 and is sealed against it. For this purpose, a seal 16 is used which is similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 7 to 10 configured. It has a first circumferential sealing portion 17, and a plurality of second sealing portions 18 which extend arcuately upwards, so that one of these second sealing portions 18 surrounds the drain line 6 and seals against the housing 10. The bottom 26 may be designed optimally smooth and easy to clean and since it has no downward, axially out of the housing 10 leading connections, therefore, the filter according to FIG. 1 1 designed in tight space conditions, ie with the bottom 26 tight Be mounted above other components, as below the bottom 26 no in the filter or the filter leading channels must be laid.

According to a further proposal, a filter is provided in which two leads leading into the housing or from the housing lines through the peripheral surface of the housing. In this case, the corresponding passage openings of the lines are not arranged one above the other in the housing, but rather are spaced apart from one another along the circumference of the circumferential surface area. In this way it is possible to realize at a very low height of the filter housing, a plurality of terminals, so that a filter with compact dimensions and a high functional density can be realized.

Advantageously, the passage openings can be arranged within a plane, that is to say within a disc-shaped section of the filter, this imaginary pane extending transversely to the central axis of the housing, so that the passage openings are arranged within an imaginary band surrounding the housing.

It is to be assumed that all passage openings should be sealed in order to prevent any mixing of fluids between the individual lines. Accordingly, a seal must run around each passage opening. The above-mentioned one-piece seal, which has a first and one or more second seal sections, can be advantageously used in this embodiment of the filter: since the passage openings in the housing Sealed are provided on the same axial height of the filter housing, a seal may be provided, the first seal portion is designed as a large ring and the entire filter housing rests all around, for example, rests on the inside of the filter housing. A plurality of bow-shaped second sealing sections, which surround at least two passage openings, extend from this first sealing section, wherein in each case a second sealing section surrounds a passage opening and seals against the environment. In this way, a particularly simple installation of the filter can be made possible by not a large number of individual components must be handled, but by the use of a seal, the sealing of multiple lines is made possible.

This is facilitated in particular by the fact that the housing of the filter can advantageously have a round, in particular a circular cross-section. By avoiding corners, a uniform sealing effect is promoted, and this is especially the case with a circular cross-section of the housing to a particularly pronounced extent.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, such an embodiment of the filter is provided. The drain line 6 is provided with a second line 29 opposite it. Just as shown in FIG. 2, the drain line 6 leads to a passage opening 30 of the housing 10, so on the right side, not shown in FIG. 2, for the second line 29, there is a corresponding passage opening in the peripheral surface 28 of FIG Housing 10 is provided. Also in Fig. 1 1, a second line 29 is shown, which extends to a passage opening in the circumferential surface 28 of the housing 10, wherein this passage opening is not in the sectional plane of Fig. 1 1 and therefore not shown in Fig. 1 1. According to a further proposal of the invention, the filter is designed as a fuel filter. It has a filter housing which is closed with a removable cover, for example with a screw cap. In known manner, a manual feed pump is provided in the fuel circuit, which serves, for example, after a filter change, in which air has come into the fuel circuit, first fill the air-filled spaces with fuel before, for example, supplied by the fuel downstream injection system or internal combustion engine is operated again.

According to the proposal, it is provided that in the lid of the filter, the fuel manual feed pump is arranged in such a way that it can be easily operated after the filter change. It is therefore intended that the manual feed pump is actuated by means of a pump handle, which is accessible when the lid of the filter is closed. Since the cover of the filter housing must be accessible anyway for the filter change, and the pump handle of the manual feed pump is therefore easily accessible. A fuel filter designed in this way can also be used in confined installation spaces, since only one access path must be provided, namely that which is in any case necessarily provided for changing the filter, namely to detect the cover and remove it from the filter housing. In contrast to other arrangements of the manual feed pump no second access space is required to operate the manual feed pump can.

To the hand pump on the suction side and the pressure side in the

Incorporate fuel circuit, the corresponding suction or pressure lines can be advantageously performed centrally through the filter housing. There, a support element is advantageously provided anyway, which for example is referred to as a support dome and which secures a cross-sectionally annular filter element against collapse, if this filter terelement is flowed through radially from outside to inside and occur during operation of the fuel filter usual pressures and temperatures. This support element can either be designed as part of the interchangeable filter insert or remain filter-like as a so-called support dome in the housing of the filter when the filter element is replaced. An embodiment will be explained in more detail below with reference to the purely schematic representations. It shows

12 shows a fuel filter with a manual feed pump provided in the cover, wherein the manual feed pump is in the locked state, FIG. 13 shows the filter of FIG. 12 with unlocked manual feed pump, FIG. 14 shows the same filter with the pump handle fully extended and FIG

15 shows the lid together with manual feed pump of the filter of FIGS. 12-14.

FIG. 12 shows a fuel filter with an approximately cup-shaped housing 10, a folded filter element 4 with an annular cross-section and a screw-off cover 31 closing off the housing 10. Inside the fuel filter, a support element 32 is provided which is part of a replaceable one Filter insert is designed and which the

Pleated filter element 4 is supported inside.

Within the cover 31, a manual feed pump 33 is arranged, which has a pump handle 34 for actuating the manual feed pump 33, which is mounted axially displaceable back and forth. The pump handle 34 is screwed to the lid 31 and is in Fig. 12 in its secured or locked position, so it is completely screwed into the lid 31. Fig. 13 shows the same fuel filter as Fig. 12, but with the pump handle 34 unscrewed from the lid 31, so that the manual feed pump 33 can now be operated.

Fig. 14 shows the same arrangement, however, as shown in FIG. 14, the pump handle 34 is at most far out of the other manual feed pump 33 and thus pulled out of the lid 31, so has executed the maximum pump stroke.

Fig. 15 shows the lid 31 in a unscrewed from the housing 10 representation: Even the interchangeable filter insert is dismantled, which is otherwise held by locking lugs 35.

Similar to the proposal mentioned above, according to another proposal, a closure element can be provided which seals the inlet or outlet lines of the filter when a functional element is removed from the filter or before such a functional element is mounted. According to the present proposal, however, it is envisaged not to provide this closure element on the functional element itself so as to securely close the lines of the functional element, but it is intended to provide the closure element on the filter housing, so that, for example, between raw and clean lines no mixing can take place. When assembled functional element are the different

Cables anyway sealed against each other. They represent different pressure chambers or connect to different pressure chambers, are therefore sealed against each other accordingly. When removing the functional element, however, the lines are interrupted and exposed mouth openings of the lines. In order to reliably exclude the ingress of contaminants and the mixing of the line contents, the closure element is provided according to the proposal, which is mounted filter-tight, so remains on the filter housing when the functional element is removed from the filter, for example in a filter change an off replaceable filter cartridge is removed from the filter housing and replaced by a fresh filter insert.

Advantageously, the closure element can be configured as a ring, so that with simple means several mouths or

Passage openings of several supply or discharge lines can be opened or closed simultaneously by the movement of this ring.

Advantageously, the mouths of the inlet or outlet lines to be opened or closed are arranged in an upright annular surface, for example by being configured as passage openings in the peripheral surface of the filter housing. In this way, contamination of the lines is prevented by falling particles anyway, so that a particularly reliable protection of the lines from penetrating contaminants is possible.

The closure element may advantageously be designed as a spring-loaded component which automatically, namely through the

Spring action, assumes its closed position, in which it closes the lines. When inserting the functional element into the filter, the closure element is urged against the action of the spring from its closed position into a release position.

Upon removal of the functional element, the spring causes the movement of the closure element from its forced release position into the closed position. In order to ensure that the closure element assumes its closed position and is not moved further beyond, until a secure closure of the lines could possibly be jeopardized, a stop can advantageously be provided which prevents the movement of the closure element which is caused by the spring. borders. An embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to the purely schematic representations. It shows

16 shows a filter whose closure element is in its release position, and whose functional element is mounted in the filter, and

Fig. 17 the same filter during assembly or disassembly of the functional element, wherein the closure element assumes its closed position.

In Fig. 16, a fuel filter is shown, with a housing 10, a lid 31, a manual feed pump 33 and a

Pump handle 34, wherein a drain line 6 for filtered fuel through a passage opening 30 in the Umfangsmantel surface 28 of the housing 10 extends. A functional element 1 is configured as a replaceable filter insert, which includes further functional modules below the pleated filter element 4, for example a prefilter as well as inlet and outlet lines, such as, for example. a. a portion of the drain line 6. With its lower portion of the functional element 1 is a closure element 36, which rests as a circumferential ring of the inside of the circumferential surface 28 of the housing 10. The closure element 36 is acted upon by a compression spring 37 and pushed upwards, but held by the assembled functional element 1 against the action of the compression spring 37 in its release position.

When the lid 31 is unscrewed from the housing 10 of the filter, the functional element 1 is also moved upwardly out of the housing 10, since it is connected via latching arms 3 and latching lugs 35 with the lid 31. Accordingly, by the upward movement of the functional element 1, the compression spring 37 can relax and at the same time encode the lead ment 36 upwards, so that the annular closure member 36, the passage opening 30 of the drain line 6 closes.

Filter-resistant, at the bottom 26 of the housing 10 is a retaining ring 38 which forms a plurality of outwardly projecting tongues a plurality of stops 39, against which the annular closure member 36 with an inwardly bent retaining collar 40 during its upward movement, so that even before - Handener voltage of the compression spring 37, the closure element

36 can not be moved further up and reliably occupies a passage opening 30 closing the closed position.

Since other passage openings of lines are provided at the same height as the passage opening 30, 36 all of these lines are reliably closed in the manner shown in FIG. 17 closed position of the closure element.

According to another proposal, a highly integrated filter is proposed, which contains both a pre-filter with coarser, so lower filter fineness and the actual main filter. The coarse filter may for example have a fineness of 100 microns, while the main filter has a filter fineness of 2 microns. It is provided to arrange the filter within a fluid system in which several other components are provided. In order to be able to supply the fluid to further units between the prefiltration and the main filtration, drain and supply lines are provided which allow a main filter circuit separate from the prefilter circuit, so that the fluid firstly passes into the filter where it is pre-filtered and subsequently is led out of the filter again, can be performed to another unit and then via a further supply line in the main filter can be filtered out and filtered out of the filter again.

When used as a fuel filter can be provided, for example, between the pre-filter and the main filter to provide a prefeed pump, while in the flow direction behind the main filter then a high pressure pump can be provided which supplies the fuel under high pressure an injection system.

An embodiment of a proposed filter is explained in more detail below with reference to the purely schematic representations. It shows

Fig. 18 is a longitudinal section through a fuel filter with

Pre- and main filter along a plane A - A, Fig. 19 is a section through the same filter along the line

C - C,

FIG. 20 shows a cross section through the filter along the plane B - B from FIG. 18, in which illustration A - A as well as the line progression C - C can be seen, and FIG. 21 shows a view from below of the same filter, namely in FIG Plane E - E of FIG. 18.

In the drawings, in correspondence with the description of the other proposals of the present application, a fuel filter with a housing 10 and a lid 31 is shown, wherein within the filter housing, a functional element 1 is arranged, which substantially corresponds to that of Fig. 1 to 3 , so that reference is expressly made to these figures, wherein, however, the closure element 7 is not shown and the filter shown in Fig. 18 is equipped with a manual feed pump 33.

Below the lower end disk 5, a prefilter element 41 is shown which, like the Faltenfilterlement 4 a ringförmi- has a seal 16 - as described above - with a first circumferential sealing portion 17 and a plurality of bow-shaped or arcuate second sealing portions 18 is provided on the functional element 1. Fig. 20 shows a section through the functional element 1 in the

Level in which the various inlets and outlets are arranged: With 6, the drain line for the main filter is shown, which leads to the passage opening 30. The inlet to the main filter is higher up and not in the same plane. In FIG. 18, a connecting piece is indicated very diagrammatically at 42, which connects tangentially to the circumferential surface 28 of the housing 10, so that the inflowing fuel does not reach full flow due to the tangenzial flow Pulse is directed to the pleated filter element 4 and, accordingly, the pleated filter element 4 is protected from damage by the impinging fuel ström.

The other inlets and outlets, which lie in a plane together with the drain line 6, are, as shown in FIG. 20, a supply line 43 to the prefilter and a return line 44 from the prefilter and a vent line 45 which ultimately leads back to the fuel tank and the fuel and air bubbles contained in the fuel are returned to the tank and, in the event of servicing, when the filter is opened and the lid 31 is unscrewed, fuel inside the filter cup flows back into the tank.

Claims

claims:

1. Filter for operating means of an internal combustion engine, such as oil or fuel, with a housing, and with an insertable into the housing functional element, such as a filter cartridge, wherein the functional element has a supply or discharge line for a fluid, characterized by a closure element which on Functional element is provided and closes the supply or discharge line in the disassembled state of the functional element, and which is configured relative to the other functional element such that it is automatically moved during assembly of the functional element in a release position in which it is the supply or drain line releases when the functional element is in its installed state.

2. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that a stop is provided in the housing, against which the closure element device during assembly of the functional element, and which in the other

Assembly progress causes the movement of the closure element.

3. Filter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the closure element closes at least two inlet or outlet lines.

4. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure element as in the mounting direction ver- sliding ring is configured.

5. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closure element is designed as a ring which is rotatable about its axis and has closed along its circumference and having openings portions.

6. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional element and the closure element have mutually corresponding latching means holding the closure element in its release position.

7. Filter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the functional element has a filter element as well as a drain line with a closable by the closure element drain opening.

8. A seal having a first sealing portion, and having a second sealing portion, wherein the two sealing tungsabschnitte are interconnected, characterized in that the two sealing portions are mutually pivotable, so that they extend in different planes, and that the connection of the sealing portions is punctiform.

9. A seal according to claim 8, characterized in that the connection of the sealing sections via at least two point-shaped connection Boundaries made.

10. A seal according to claim 9, characterized in that the two connection points are spaced apart.

1 1. A seal according to claim 10, characterized in that the seal between the two connection points is rectilinear.

12. Seal according to one of claims 8 to 1 1, characterized in that at least the first sealing portion is annularly closed.

13. A seal according to claim 12, characterized in that a second seal portion is disposed within the annular first seal portion.

14. Seal according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that on the second sealing portion, a second sealing portion in its opposite the first sealing portion pivoted position fixing holder is formed.

15. A seal assembly using a seal according to claim 8, wherein the first seal portion seals a first fluid space against a second fluid space, and the second seal portion seals a fluid space against the first and / or the second fluid space.

16. filter for operating means of an internal combustion engine, such as oil or fuel, with a housing, which has a filter chamber and a collecting space, and a bottom, which delimits the housing in the axial direction, and a peripheral circumferential surface, which bounds the housing in the radial direction, and with a conduit serving as leading into the filter chamber inlet conduit or as from the filter chamber leading drain line is configured and runs through the plenum, wherein the line is fluid-tightly separated from the plenum, characterized in that the line passes through the peripheral surface of the housing.

17. Filter for operating means of an internal combustion engine, such as oil or fuel, with a housing, and with at least two lines, which are configured as leading into the filter cavities inlet line or as leading out of the filter chamber drain line, characterized in that the lines through the Pass circumferential surface of the housing, wherein in the peripheral circumferential surface passage openings of the lines are provided and these passage openings along the circumference of the circumferential surface area are spaced from each other.

18. Filter according to claim 17, characterized in that the housing (19) of the filter is designed cup-shaped and the passage openings are arranged substantially in a plane such that they lie within a transversely to the central axis of the housing (19) lying, benförmigen portion of the housing (19) lie.

19. A filter according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the passage openings are sealed by means of a common seal (16) according to any one of claims 8 to 14, wherein a second sealing portion (18) extends around each passage opening.

20. Filter according to one of the preceding claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the housing (19) of the filter has a circular cross-section.

21. Filter for fuel, with a housing, and with a housing closing, removable lid, characterized in that in the cover a fuel hand pump is arranged, wherein the manual feed pump is actuated by means of a pump handle, which is accessible with the lid closed.

22. The filter according to claim 21, characterized in that the filter has a replaceable filter insert which contains a radially inwardly flowed through filter element having an annular cross section, wherein in the interior of the filter element, a filter element against collapse securing support member is provided, and wherein in Inside the support element runs a pump suction line leading to the manual feed pump and / or a pump pressure line leading away from the manual feed pump.

23. A filter according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two separate pressure chambers are provided in the filter, and that the closure element selectively closes the inlet or outlet lines of both pressure chambers or releases the closure element is arranged filter-proof, such that it at a change the functional element in the housing (10) of the filter remains.

24. Filter according to claim 23, characterized in that the closure element is designed as a ring.

25. Filter according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the mouths of the inlet or outlet lines are arranged in an upstanding annular surface.

26. Filter according to one of the preceding claims 23 to 25, characterized in that the closure element is spring loaded in its closing the inlet or outlet closing position is urged, and that it is automatically moved during the assembly of the functional element against the spring action in its release position, in which releases the inlet or outlet line.

27. Filter according to claim 26, characterized in that a stop is provided which limits the movement of the closure element caused by the spring.

28. Filter for operating means of an internal combustion engine, such as oil or fuel, with a housing, and with an insertable into the housing function element, wherein the functional element has a filter designated as the main filter having a first filter fineness, and a designated as a pre-filter with a filter second filter fineness, which is lower than the filter fineness of the main filter, and wherein the lines passing through the prefilter and the main filter are separated from each other and have respective ports routed through the housing (19) of the filter.

29. Filter according to claim 28, characterized in that the functional element has at least two supply or discharge lines for a fluid