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WO2008028746A1 - Procédé et système permettant de surveiller la vitesse d'écoulement - Google Patents

Procédé et système permettant de surveiller la vitesse d'écoulement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008028746A1
WO2008028746A1 PCT/EP2007/058290 EP2007058290W WO2008028746A1 WO 2008028746 A1 WO2008028746 A1 WO 2008028746A1 EP 2007058290 W EP2007058290 W EP 2007058290W WO 2008028746 A1 WO2008028746 A1 WO 2008028746A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rfid
final
tags
measuring
injecting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/058290
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Toni HEIKKILÄ
Lasse Panttila
Original Assignee
Sulzer Pumpen Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer Pumpen Ag filed Critical Sulzer Pumpen Ag
Publication of WO2008028746A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008028746A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/704—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow using marked regions or existing inhomogeneities within the fluid stream, e.g. statistically occurring variations in a fluid parameter
    • G01F1/708—Measuring the time taken to traverse a fixed distance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of and a system for monitoring flow velocity in a fluid flow system.
  • the method and system according to the invention are especially suitable for monitoring flow velocity in pipelines or flow velocity profile in tanks of process fluids, such as medium consistency process fluids of chemical and mechanical wood processing industry, but the invention is, of course, also suitable for use in other corresponding applications.
  • Elec- tromagnetic, ultrasonic and optical methods are commonly used for measuring local flow velocities. Their usability, however, depends on the physical properties of the flowing matter, and their results may be distorted by changes in these properties, which may occur, e.g., in process fluids of chemical and mechanical wood processing industry. Moreover, the quality of the velocity indicating signal, obtained by these methods, depends on the fluid velocity, and thus these methods are usable only above a minimum flow velocity.
  • NMR-imaging and, e.g., ⁇ -radiation based Computerized Tomography are methods to observe a flow velocity profile in a measuring region. These methods are, however, complicated and expensive, and they are thus not generally suitable for routine measurements or for rapidly mount- able checking arrangements.
  • radioactive tracers Introducing a dose of radioactive tracers into a fluid and subsequently monitoring the presence of the tracers at two regions along a flow path of the fluid gives the distribution of the transit times of the tracers between these regions.
  • This method thus renders possible to measure the average velocity or distribution of velocities in the fluid by a relatively simple means.
  • the use of radioactive tracers requires the observation of necessary security issues and the acquiring of appropriate authorizations.
  • Another disadvantage of this method is that due to dispersion of the tracer particles in the fluid, the method is not suitable for complicated or rapidly repeated velocity measurements.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a simple and reliable method of and a system for monitoring the flow velocity of a fluid.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a simple and reliable method of and a system for monitoring the flow velocity or flow velocity profile of a process fluid, such as a medium consistency process fluid, in pipelines and tanks of chemical and mechanical wood processing industry.
  • a method of monitoring flow velocity in a fluid flow system comprising the steps of injecting multiple RFID-tags at an injecting location, measuring final presence data of the multiple RFID-tags at multiple instants at a fi- nal measuring location downstream of said injecting location by a final RFID- transceiver, and calculating a flow velocity by using the measured final presence data.
  • a system for monitoring flow velocity in a fluid flow system comprising means for injecting RFID-tags at an injecting location, a final RFID-transceiver for measuring final presence data of the RFID-tags at a final measuring location downstream of the injecting location, and means for calculating a flow velocity by using the measured final presence data.
  • RFID-tags are small pieces of suitable material containing a silicon chip and an antenna to enable them to receive and respond to radio-frequency queries from an RFID-transceiver. Such RFID-tags are often attached to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person, to enable data to be transmitted and read by an RFID-transceiver and processed according to the needs of a particular application.
  • the data transmitted by the tag may provide identification of the tag or specifics about the product tagged, such as price, color, date of purchase, etc.
  • Passive RFID-tags are thinner than paper and have an area of 0,15 mm x 0,15 mm. Passive RFID-tags do not require batteries, and can have an unlimited life span.
  • the minute electrical current induced in the antenna by the incoming radio frequency signal provides just enough power for a low-power integrated circuit in the tag to power up and transmit a response.
  • Most passive tags signal by backscattehng the carrier signal from the transceiver.
  • the aerial (antenna) of the tag is designed to both collect power from the incoming signal and also to transmit the outbound backscatter signal, which includes an ID-number of the tag.
  • Passive tags have practical read distances ranging from about 2 mm up to a few meters depending on the radio frequency chosen and the design and size of the antenna.
  • RFID-tags can also be used by letting them freely flow with a fluid, such as a process fluid, in order to observe the flow velocity of the fluid.
  • a fluid such as a process fluid
  • the RFID-tags can replace radioactive tracers used earlier for the same purpose.
  • a clear advantage of the RFID-tags is that because the tags are individually identifiable, the fluid velocity measurements can be made in complicated flow systems and they can be rapidly repeated or even continuous.
  • the RFID-tags are advantageously low-cost, passive RFID-tags.
  • the tags may be removed from the fluid downstream of the final measuring location by a suitable method, such as magnetically, by a screen or by a cyclone, or they may be left to the fluid and disposed. In some applications using a circulating fluid, it may even be possible to use the same RFID-tags repeat- edly without removing them from the fluid.
  • the method advantageously comprises a further step of measuring initial presence data of the multiple RFID-tags at multiple instants, preferably continuously, at a first measuring location downstream of the injecting location.
  • the first measuring location is preferably within the immediate vicinity of the injecting loca- tion, but it may also be further away from the injecting location.
  • the first measuring location is preferably equipped with a similar RFID-transceiver than the final measuring location.
  • the use of a separate RFID-transceiver immediately downstream of the injecting location enables the tags to be identified in the same way at both of the measuring locations and the transit time of a tag can be measured on the basis of its appearances at the two measuring locations.
  • the measuring of the transit times between two similar measuring locations is generally more accurate than the measuring of the transit times between the injecting of the tags and their appearance at the final measuring location.
  • the injecting locations and the first and final measuring locations are advantageously along a pipeline of a pipeline system, for example in chemical and mechanical wood processing industry.
  • the fluid is preferably a process fluid, even more preferably a medium consistency process fluid of chemical or mechanical wood processing industry, but it may also be other fluid, such as sludge or waste liquor.
  • the flow of a medium consistency process fluid is often near to a plug flow, whereby the transit times of individual tags are typically nearly uniform. How- ever, by using multiple RFID-tags, any deviations from the ideal flow are easily identified by the distribution of the transit times.
  • the weight, size and shape of the RFID-tag pieces are varied in order to make more detailed conclusions about the characteristics of the flow on the basis of possible differences between their respective velocity distributions.
  • the fluid comprises different phases
  • at least two types of RFID-tag pieces are designed so as to make them flow along with the different phases.
  • very light tags can be used to monitor the flow of the phase with lowest density in the fluid, typically gas or liquid, as the case may be, and somewhat heavier tags to monitor the higher density phase.
  • the measuring step may simultaneously be performed at multiple final measuring locations along different pipeline branches of a pipeline system, to simultaneously monitor different flows in the pipeline system.
  • the injecting step may also be performed simultaneously at multiple injecting locations along different pipeline branches of the pipeline sys- tern, so as to observe the velocities of different flows to one or more final measuring locations.
  • RFID-tags are used for monitoring flow velocity profiles in vessels, containers or other larger vol- umes, which are hereinafter denoted as tanks, in a fluid flow system.
  • the injecting location or a first measuring location is preferably arranged at or close to the fluid inlet of the tank, and the final measuring is performed at multiple measuring locations arranged at different regions of the tank.
  • multiple final measuring locations are arranged on the enclosure of the tank, but in some applica- tions final measuring locations can also be arranged within the tank.
  • RFID-tags are observed by transceivers, with relatively short read ranges, arranged in different locations on the enclosure of the tank. If the numbers of the tags observed at different final measuring locations are about the same and the observed transit times of the tags to the different locations are distributed according to an appropriate smooth pattern, the fluid flow may appear to be evenly distributed throughout the tank. On the other hand, if some of the measuring locations only show a small number of tags and/or relatively long transit times, the tank obviously has a non-uniform velocity profile, or even dead regions, where the fluid stays more or less stagnant.
  • RFID- transceivers When there is a need to observe the velocity profile throughout the tank, RFID- transceivers with relatively short read ranges can also be arranged within a tank.
  • the tank comprises suitable internal structures, it may be possible to arrange the transceivers in such structures. Otherwise, suitable mounting arms or other suitable structures have to be made for mounting the transceivers within the tank. Such special mounting structures can naturally be used only when they do not ex- cessively distort the actual function of the tank.
  • the multiple RFID- transceivers arranged on the enclosure of, or within, a tank have mainly mutually exclusive read ranges, which cover a large portion, preferably at least 30 %, even more preferably at least 50 %, of the volume of the tank.
  • the RFID-tags can be observed most of the time when they are within the tank, and their flow paths in the tank can be monitored. The actual fluid flow profile in the tank can then be obtained on the basis of a sufficient number of observed flow paths of the RFID- tags.
  • the multiple RF ID-transceivers arranged at different regions of a tank have directional and mutually partially overlapping read ranges, which cover at least 50 % of the total volume of the tank.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a system for monitoring flow velocity of a fluid in a pipeline
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a system for monitoring flow velocity of a fluid in a pipeline system
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic plan view of a tank with a system for monitoring fluid flow velocity profile
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic horizontal cross sectional view of a tank with another system for monitoring fluid flow velocity profile
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic horizontal cross sectional view of a tank with still another system for monitoring fluid flow velocity profile.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a system 10 for monitoring the velocity of a fluid 12 in a pipeline 14.
  • the system comprises a feeder 16 for injecting RFID-tags 18 into the fluid arranged at an upstream section, so-called injecting location 20, of the pipeline 14 and a transceiver 22 arranged at a downstream section, so-called final measuring location 24 of the pipeline 14.
  • the transceiver 22 sends at short intervals, or preferably practically continuously, rf-signals into the fluid, and each RFID-tag flow- ing at that moment within the read range of the transceiver 22 responds by back- scattering a signal comprising its individual ID-code.
  • the reader part of the transceiver 22 receives the backscattered signal, and thus observes the moment of presence of each individual RFID-tag at the final measuring location 24. Thereby, the transceiver 22 is said to measure the final presence data of the RFID-tags.
  • the system further comprises a calculation unit 26, which calculates the velocity of the tags on the basis of the final presence data, which is sent to the calculation unit 26 via a first transmission line 28, and an initial data indicating an initial moment of presence of the same tag at an upstream portion 30 of the pipeline 14.
  • the initial data may comprise the actual injecting moments of each of the RFID-tags, which may be transmitted to the calculation unit automatically by a second transmission line 32.
  • the system comprises another transceiver 34 at the upstream portion 30, downstream, preferably immediately downstream, of the feeder 16, for measuring initial presence data of the RFID-tags and for sending them to the calculation unit 26 through a third transmission line 36.
  • Fig. 2 shows an example of a more complicated pipeline system, comprising three feeding pipelines 38, 38', 38", a fluid process unit 40 and two discharge pipelines 42, 42'.
  • Each of the feeding pipelines 38, 38', 38" comprises an RFID-feeder 44, 44', 44" and a transceiver 46, 46', 46" for gathering initial presence data of the RFID-tags fed by the corresponding feeders, and for sending the initial presence data to a calculation unit 48.
  • the system comprises also a final transceiver 50, 50' arranged at a downstream location at both of the discharge pipelines 42, 42', to gather final presence data of the RFID-tags, and to send it to the calculation unit 48.
  • the system thus shows the transit times of the RFID-tags in each branch of the pipeline system, and correspondingly enables the calculation of flow velocities in each branch.
  • fluid flow velocities could correspondingly be monitored in pipeline systems which comprise multiple initial pipeline branches which all connect to a single final pipeline, or in systems with one initial pipeline and multiple final pipelines.
  • Fig. 3 shows another preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is di- rected to monitoring a flow velocity profile in a tank 52 arranged in a fluid flow system.
  • the tank includes an inlet duct 54, and an outlet duct 56.
  • the tank may comprise multiple inlet ducts and/or multiple outlet ducts.
  • the inlet duct 54 comprises an RFID-feeder 58 and an initial RF ID-transceiver 60 for monitoring the ID-codes and the inlet moments of the RFID-tags fed by the feeder 58.
  • the feeder 58 may be located further away upstream of the tank 52, but the initial transceiver 60 is preferably close to the inlet of the tank 52, so as to obtain accurate inlet moments of the RFID-tags.
  • the initial moments of the RFID-tags could alternatively be observed in the RFID-feeder 58.
  • the use of a separate initial transceiver 60 usually provides more accurate initial moments than what could be obtained directly in the feeder, especially if the feeder is located at a distance from the tank 52.
  • the system comprises also a final transceiver 62 arranged in the outlet duct 56 of the tank 52, in order to obtain the total transit times of the RFID- tags through the tank 52.
  • the main measuring devices of the system shown in Fig. 3 are a set of RFID-transceivers 64, 64', arranged on the enclosure 66 of the tank 52.
  • the transceivers 64 have preferably relatively short read ranges for the RFID-tags used in the measurement, so that each transceiver can observe the moments of presence of the RFID-tags in its close vicinity.
  • the inlet and outlet moments of individual RFID-tags, and their ID-codes, are transmitted to a calculation unit, as well as any other presence data observed by the transceivers 64, 64' arranged on the enclosure 66 of the tank 52.
  • the transceivers 64 are advantageously arranged in multiple height levels on the periphery of the tank 52, so as to observe the presence of at least some RFID-tags subsequently by different transceivers 64, 64'. On the basis of such presence data, it is possible to infer the paths 68 of individual RFID-tags and, thereby, an indication of the velocity profile in the tank 52.
  • the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 includes multiple transceivers in four height levels, and can thus give a relatively good picture of the velocity profile in the tank 52.
  • FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which has transceivers 70 ar- ranged within the tank 52' by means of arms 72.
  • the read ranges of the transceivers are in Fig. 4 depicted symbolically by circles 74.
  • the read volumes of the transceivers are mutually excluding, but cover most of the volume of the tank 52'.
  • an RFID-tag flowing through the tank 52' can be most of the time detected by one of the transceivers 70, and its approximate flow path can be detected.
  • the velocity profile of the fluid flowing through the tank 52' can be obtained on the basis of the presence information of multiple RFID-tags.
  • Fig. 5 shows a still further embodiment of the present invention, which comprises a set of RFID transceivers 76, 76' with highly directional read ranges 78, 78', which include pairwise overlapping regions 80.
  • the overlapping regions 80 cover most of the volume of the tank 52", and therefore an RFID-tag flowing through the tank 52" can be most of the time detected by a pair of the transceivers 76, 76', whereby its presence in the overlapping region of their read ranges is observed.
  • the flow path of individual RFID-tags can be monitored, and the velocity profile of the fluid flowing through the tank 52" can be obtained on the basis of the flow paths of multiple RFID-tags.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a trait à un procédé et un appareil permettant de surveiller la vitesse d'écoulement dans un système d'écoulement de fluide. Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant: à injecter de multiples balises RFID sur un emplacement d'injection; à mesurer, au moyen d'un émetteur-récepteur RFID, les données de présence finales des balises RFID sur un emplacement de mesure finale en aval dudit emplacement d'injection; et à calculer une vitesse d'écoulement en utilisant les données de présence finales mesurées. Le système d'écoulement peut être un système de conduites et peut comprendre un réservoir, les emplacements de mesure pouvant ainsi se situer dans l'enceinte du réservoir ou à l'intérieur de celui-ci afin de permettre le calcul du profil de la vitesse d'écoulement dans le réservoir. Le procédé et l'appareil sont tout particulièrement adaptés pour la surveillance de la vitesse d'écoulement d'un fluide de traitement à consistance moyenne utilisé dans l'industrie de la transformation chimique ou mécanique du bois.
PCT/EP2007/058290 2006-09-04 2007-08-09 Procédé et système permettant de surveiller la vitesse d'écoulement WO2008028746A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06120042 2006-09-04
EP06120042.4 2006-09-04

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WO2008028746A1 true WO2008028746A1 (fr) 2008-03-13

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010101680A1 (fr) * 2009-03-06 2010-09-10 Fmc Technologies, Inc. Démonstrateur et compteur de débit élevé pour mesure de transfert à des fins de contrôle
MD20100049A2 (ro) * 2010-04-13 2011-11-30 Николае БЕЛДИМАН Dispozitiv de măsurare a debitului de fluid în conducta de transport
WO2012104230A1 (fr) * 2011-02-01 2012-08-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé pour déterminer des valeurs de mesure dans un milieu en circulation
CN105332689A (zh) * 2014-06-13 2016-02-17 通用电气公司 钻探流体参数监测系统和方法
EP2909441A4 (fr) * 2012-10-16 2016-08-17 Sinvent As Particules décelables permettant de surveiller des processus dans au moins une phase fluide, et procédés et utilisations associés
US9651445B2 (en) 2013-04-15 2017-05-16 Ut-Battelle, Llc Fluid pipeline leak detection and location with miniature RF tags

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0559401A2 (fr) * 1992-03-03 1993-09-08 Kraft Foods, Inc. Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller la cuisson continue basé sur le temps de résidence de la matière particulaire

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0559401A2 (fr) * 1992-03-03 1993-09-08 Kraft Foods, Inc. Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller la cuisson continue basé sur le temps de résidence de la matière particulaire

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010101680A1 (fr) * 2009-03-06 2010-09-10 Fmc Technologies, Inc. Démonstrateur et compteur de débit élevé pour mesure de transfert à des fins de contrôle
MD20100049A2 (ro) * 2010-04-13 2011-11-30 Николае БЕЛДИМАН Dispozitiv de măsurare a debitului de fluid în conducta de transport
WO2012104230A1 (fr) * 2011-02-01 2012-08-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé pour déterminer des valeurs de mesure dans un milieu en circulation
EP2909441A4 (fr) * 2012-10-16 2016-08-17 Sinvent As Particules décelables permettant de surveiller des processus dans au moins une phase fluide, et procédés et utilisations associés
US9651445B2 (en) 2013-04-15 2017-05-16 Ut-Battelle, Llc Fluid pipeline leak detection and location with miniature RF tags
CN105332689A (zh) * 2014-06-13 2016-02-17 通用电气公司 钻探流体参数监测系统和方法
US11118446B2 (en) 2014-06-13 2021-09-14 Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc System and method for drilling fluid parameters detection

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