WO2008006323A1 - Anordnung und verfahren zum speichern von messwerten, insbesondere zur überwachung von energieübertragungssystemen - Google Patents
Anordnung und verfahren zum speichern von messwerten, insbesondere zur überwachung von energieübertragungssystemen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008006323A1 WO2008006323A1 PCT/DE2006/001253 DE2006001253W WO2008006323A1 WO 2008006323 A1 WO2008006323 A1 WO 2008006323A1 DE 2006001253 W DE2006001253 W DE 2006001253W WO 2008006323 A1 WO2008006323 A1 WO 2008006323A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- measured values
- control device
- measuring
- stored
- time
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 101100519700 Candida albicans (strain SC5314 / ATCC MYA-2876) PGA12 gene Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 101100520505 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) PMU1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 PMU2 Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
- G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
- G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
- G05B23/0218—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterised by the fault detection method dealing with either existing or incipient faults
- G05B23/0221—Preprocessing measurements, e.g. data collection rate adjustment; Standardization of measurements; Time series or signal analysis, e.g. frequency analysis or wavelets; Trustworthiness of measurements; Indexes therefor; Measurements using easily measured parameters to estimate parameters difficult to measure; Virtual sensor creation; De-noising; Sensor fusion; Unconventional preprocessing inherently present in specific fault detection methods like PCA-based methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
- G05B19/4183—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by data acquisition, e.g. workpiece identification
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement with a control device, a memory device controlled by the control device and at least one measuring device, which is in communication with the control device and receives measured values and transmits them to the control device.
- Such arrangements are used for example in the field of protection technology. They serve, for example, to record and evaluate current and voltage in or on energy transmission lines or in energy transmission systems in order to detect impermissible or dangerous operating states and, if necessary, shut down system parts as quickly as possible with the aim of minimizing damage or, if possible - to avoid.
- the invention has for its object to provide an arrangement that allows the fastest possible processing of the measured values of the measuring device.
- control device is designed in such a way that it forwards the measured values of the measuring device to at least one evaluation module connected to the control device for further processing before being stored in the memory device and only then stores the measured values in the memory device.
- a significant advantage of the arrangement according to the invention lies in the considerable speed gain in the evaluation of the measured values.
- This speed gain is achieved according to the invention by passing the current measured values immediately and before they are stored to the evaluation module; This saves a subsequent time-consuming readout of the measured values from the storage device for the purpose of evaluation. If additionally "old" measured values are needed for the evaluation, then only these have to be read from the memory device.
- the evaluation module may be formed, for example, by a software application that is executable within the control device or in a separate device. Alternatively, the evaluation module can also be formed by a hardware module which forms part of the control device or is connected as an external component to the control device.
- the storage period is as large as possible and is, for example, several days.
- the larger the storage period and the greater is the number of measuring devices the greater the measurement value ⁇ amount that needs to be managed, and the greater the access times to individual measurement values within the Measured value contained or - descriptive described - are hidden.
- Protection technology for energy transmission systems is usually too long for large measured quantities.
- the control means is configured such that it stores the measured values of the two measuring devices in the storage means in the form of a logic array 'having rows and columns, where it assigns an individual column of each measuring device in which the Measured values of the respective measuring device are stored, wherein a new measured value of each measuring device is entered in each case in the next line of the respective column and wherein the storage of the measured values of different measuring devices by line correlated by is carried out by storing measured values of different measuring devices, which refer to the same measuring time, in the same line.
- An essential advantage of the last-mentioned particularly preferred embodiment is the fact that stored measured values can be accessed relatively quickly. This is due to the fact that the measured values are stored in a structured manner at the time of the measurement. If an evaluation module, be it a hardware-based evaluation or a software-based evaluation applica- tion, to use temporally past measured values, it will usually not interrogate individual measured values from a wide variety of measuring instants, but read sets of measured values with measured values from different measuring devices from a specific time interval.
- the entire measured value data quantity does not have to be taken into account in order to interrogate the measured values be searched; Rather, it is sufficient to transfer only the relevant memory section into an intermediate memory, for example the control device, and to continue to use only this relevant memory section. This significantly reduces the access time to the requested or required measured values.
- the knowledge is used that in practice, in particular in the field of protection and control technology, data sets are not queried arbitrarily, but mostly according to a predetermined pattern that relates to the measurement times. At this point, it is assumed that the expected or highly probable query pattern is already taken into account when the data is stored, which accelerates the subsequent query process.
- the memory area permitted or released for the storage of the measured values is limited in order to ensure that other devices, such as evaluation modules and the like, maintain a sufficient memory area within the memory device. Accordingly, according to a further preferred embodiment of the arrangement, it is considered advantageous if the number of lines of the mat rix is limited to a fixed maximum number of lines and when the control device jumps back to the first row of the respective column after a description of the last row of each column of the matrix and enters the next measured value of the respective measuring device in the first row of the respective column.
- the measuring devices should and will always record their measured values at the same times, so that they always refer to identical times, the measured values will not be able to reach the control device at the same time. If one of the measuring devices is disposed clearly closer to the control device than another measuring device, then the measured values of the locally closer measuring device will generally arrive more quickly at the control device than those of the remote measuring device.
- control device is configured such that it first accesses a pointer field in which for each measuring device and thus for each column of the matrix information is entered, indicating directly or indirectly, in which line the next measured value is entered.
- the control device Since the measured values are stored on a line-by-line basis, it is not necessary to store the absolute measuring times or to save the times of the measured value recording individually for each measured value. Rather, according to a preferred variant, it is sufficient for the control device to be configured such that it is only effective for a subset of the rows, but at least for one row of the matrix (eg for the i-th row), in each case stores an absolute time specification that indicates the measurement time of the measured values stored in this row. For example, a single absolute time is recorded for each column of the matrix. The measuring times tj of the other measured values in other rows of the matrix can then be easily determined by multiplying the difference of the line numbers by the time measured value detection distance and adding the absolute time ZA, for example according to:
- T denotes the time period predetermined by the measuring devices between two successive measuring times and f of the measuring cycle predetermined by the measuring devices.
- control device is designed such that it overwrites the stored absolute time each with a new absolute time when a measurement is entered in the line with a comparison with the stored time more recent measurement time.
- Fol ⁇ constricting the row in which the respectively next measurement value of the respective column of the matrix or of the respective measuring means is to be entered, as well as an absolute time, that of the time of measurement indicates the last entered measured value of the respective column.
- An indirect indication in this context means an indication from which the line and / or the time can be derived: For example, the last line in which the last measured value was entered or instead the new line into which a new measured value is to be entered can be specified.
- the invention also relates to a method for handling measured values of at least one measuring device.
- the measured values of the measuring device are routed to a control device and from there before being stored in a memory device to at least one evaluation module connected to the control device be forwarded for further processing and that the measured values are then stored in the memory device.
- control device is also considered.
- control device is configured such that it forwards the measured values of a measuring device to at least one evaluation module connected to the control device before further storage in a memory device and the measured values are only subsequently transferred to the memory device from ⁇ stores.
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an arrangement in which evaluation modules are formed by separate hardware implemented evaluation devices which are connected to a control device - based on this embodiment, the method according to the invention is also exemplified-
- Figure 2 schematically shows a matrix structure according to which the measured values of Arrangement are stored in accordance with Figure 1, and an associated pointer field,
- FIG. 3 shows schematically the time course of a measurement value storage
- FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of a pointer field
- FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a pointer field
- FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention, in which evaluation modules of the arrangement are formed by software applications for a control device.
- FIG. 1 shows a control device 10, which is connected to three measuring devices PMU1, PMU2 and PMU3 via a data transmission network 20.
- the three measuring devices PMUl, PMU2 and PMU3 are For example, to pointer measuring devices (so-called Phasor Measurement Units), the current and voltage values of a not shown in the figure 1 energy transmission line to measure and generate corresponding pointer readings.
- the pointer measured values are transmitted together with the respective measuring instants ti in the form of data sets D1, D2 and D3 via the data transmission network 20 to the control device 10.
- Measuring device PMUl in their data sets Dl a voltage indicator reading - hereafter called voltage indicator - VIl and an associated current counter reading - hereinafter called current pointer - 111 transmits to the controller 10.
- the data sets D2 of the second measuring device PMU2 each contain a voltage vector V21 and a current vector 121.
- the third measuring device PMU3 transmits two voltage vectors V31 and V32 in its data records D3 and a current vector 131.
- Two evaluation modules 60 and 70 are in communication with the control device 10, which are in communication with the control device 10 via separate electrical connection lines 80 as separate, hardware-implemented evaluation devices.
- a memory device 100 is connected to a database 110, in which the control device 10 stores the measured values, that is to say the voltage and current phasors, of the three measuring devices PMU1, PMU2 and PMU3.
- the arrangement according to FIG. 1 can be operated, for example, as follows:
- the control device 10 evaluates the data sets D1, D2 and D3 received by the three measuring devices PMU1, PMU2 and PMU3 and thus receives the voltage phasors VI1, V21, V31 and V32 as well as the current phasors 111, 121 and 131. Since in the data sets D1 , D2 and D3 also the respective measuring times ti are included, the controller 10 can determine the respective measuring time for each pointer measured value.
- the control device 10 makes the corresponding pointer measured values directly available to the two evaluation modules 60 and 70 so that they can access the corresponding measured values immediately, even before they are stored in the memory device 100; By this procedure, a significant gain in speed is achieved because namely the evaluation modules 60 and 70 can directly process the current pointer readings and they do not have to read from the memory device 100 until relatively time consuming.
- the control device 10 not only makes the pointer measurement values available to the evaluation modules 60 and 70, but also subsequently stores them in the database 110.
- the storage of the data in the database 110 takes place in a structured manner.
- all pointer measured values that relate to the same measuring time ti are stored logically in the same row of a memory matrix file-referred to below as matrix for short.
- the respective column of the matrix indicates from which of the measuring devices PMU1, PMU2 or PMU3 the respective measured value originates.
- the storage of the matrix preferably takes place not only logically, but also physically matrix-shaped in a corresponding memory section.
- the structure of the matrix is shown in more detail in FIG. 2 and identified by reference numeral 200. It can be seen that the voltage vectors VI1 of the measuring device PMU1 are entered in the first column S1 of the matrix 200.
- the current indicators 111 of the measuring device PMUl are entered in the second column S2.
- the pointer measured values of the second measuring device PMU2 in the columns S3 and S4 and the pointer measured values V31, V32 and 131 of the third measuring device PMU3 are filed in the columns S5, S6 and S7.
- FIG. 2 shows a one-dimensional pointer field 210 which has the same number of columns as the matrix 200.
- the pointer field 210 in each case for each column of the matrix 200, ie column-individually, it is stored in which row Zj of the matrix 200 the respectively next measured value is to be entered.
- the pointer field 210 thus makes it possible to ensure that the incoming pointer measured values, which refer to different measurement times, are nevertheless entered at the correct location within the matrix 200. This will be explained in more detail below by means of an example: Assuming that the first measuring device PMU1 is arranged particularly close to the control device 10, the pointer measured values VI1 and 111 will arrive before the corresponding pointer measured values of the other measuring devices PMU2 and PMU3.
- FIG. 3 This is shown by way of example in FIG. 3, in which the currently arrived pointer measured values are represented by a vertically running bar.
- the pointer measured values VI1 and 111 of the first measuring device PMU1 have already arrived at the measuring time t ⁇ .
- the third measuring device PMU3 is further away from the control device 10 so that its pointer measured values V31, V32 and 131 are received by the control device 10 slightly later than the corresponding pointer measured values of the first measuring device PMU1.
- the pointer measured values V31, V32 and 131 are present only up to the time t5, whereas for the measuring time t ⁇ no pointer measured values have yet arrived at the control device 10.
- the second measuring device PMU2 is particularly far away from the control device 10 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, so that only pointer measured values V21 and 121 are present up to the measuring instant t4 of this measuring device.
- the pointer field 210 is first read out.
- the controller 10 will thus look at the arrival of each new pointer measured value first in the pointer field 210, in which line the next pointer reading must be entered. Meetings such as new pointer ⁇ readings of the first measurement device PMUL one, then the Control device 10 after reading the pointer field 210 determine that the next pointer measured values VIl and 111 must be entered in the seventh row Z7, since the measured values refer to the seventh measuring time t7.
- the control device 10 will read out the pointer field 210 when new pointer readings V21 and 121 of the second measuring device PMU2 are received: In this case, the control device 10 will determine that the respectively new pointer measured values are stored in the fifth line Z5 they refer to the fifth measurement time t5.
- New pointer readings of the third measuring device PMU3 are stored in a corresponding manner in the sixth line Z6, since they refer to the sixth measuring time t ⁇ .
- the measurement times t1 to t ⁇ are not stored as such in order to save storage space. Due to the matrix structure, such a saving of the measurement times ti is also not necessary since the measured values are stored in the matrix 200 in a sequentially structured manner. Since in each of the rows Zi only measured values of one and the same measuring time ti are stored, the measuring time for all measured values of the matrix 200 can be calculated, if for at least one line the absolute measuring time or the absolute time of recording the measurement is known and if the measured values of the three measuring devices PMU1, PMU2 and PMU3 are recorded in a time-correlated manner in a predetermined cycle or in a time-equidistant manner.
- the absolute measuring time tj or the time of the measured value acquisition can be calculated for each line of the matrix 200 and thus for each measured value by evaluating the respective line value according to :
- Zj is the jth row of the matrix
- Zi is the ith row of the matrix
- T is the time period of 25 ms prescribed for the measuring units PMU1, PMU2 and PMU3 between two consecutive measuring times
- ZA the stored absolute measuring time
- the arrangement according to FIG. 1 permits a very fast processing of the data sets D1 to D3, because the control device 10 immediately provides the pointer readings to the evaluation modules 60 and 70 in order to allow a fast or timely evaluation
- storing the pointer measured values in the memory device 100 in a matrix-like manner enables fast access to all measured values recorded in the same measuring period. Because of the block-wise or bundled storage of temporally interrelated measured values within the matrix 200, it is possible for a database query to place the relevant section of the database or the relevant section of the matrix into an intermediate store which is stored, for example, in the
- Control device 10 is implemented to copy to allow quick access to all pointer readings that are in the relevant area for each evaluation. It is therefore not necessary to use the entire data Bank 110 or to open the entire matrix 200, but only parts of the database 110 or parts of the matrix, whereby the access to the respective desired records or pointer readings is significantly accelerated.
- the measured values in the database were not distributed matrix-like, but arbitrarily, then the entire database would have to be accessed, which would be very costly in the case of a large database; This is shown by the following numerical example: If, for example, the measured values are to be stored in a 10-bit format and the measured values of 1000 measuring devices are recorded every 100 ms and stored for 30 days, the file size is 2.59 TB. If the measured values in this file were to be distributed unstructured, then the entire file would have to be taken into account in the context of an evaluation, which would require a considerable intermediate storage and a considerable readout time. However, due to the logically matrixed storage of the measured values, it is precisely known in which file section the measured values from a relevant time segment will be found, so that only this interesting, relatively small file section has to be copied into a buffer and evaluated.
- the matrix-like storage of the measured values makes it possible to achieve a very simple limitation of the file size or the size of the database 110 by performing an "annular" storage: This means that when the maximum number of lines is reached again with the first line 2 is started and the old contents stored therein are overwritten, the storage of the measured values thus takes place cyclically, the measured values of each preceding measuring cycle being determined by the Measured values of the current measuring cycle are overwritten.
- the function of the pointer field 210 when overwriting old data also indicates up to which row of the matrix 200 the measured values are current or belong to the current cycle and from which row of the matrix the measured values of the preceding cycle are stored.
- the time of the last measured value can be stored in addition to the current line number; This is shown by way of example in FIG. 4: It can be seen that, in addition to the number of lines for the next measured value, the time of the last measured value entered is also indicated.
- the storage of the data can be done in a one-dimensional pointer field, as shown in Figures 2 and 4; Alternatively, it is also possible to use a two-dimensional or multidimensional pointer field, as FIG. 5 shows by way of example.
- FIG. 6 shows a second exemplary embodiment of an arrangement.
- the two evaluation modules 60 and 70 are not designed as separate components, but as software modules or software applications that are executable in the control device 10 on a processor unit 10 '.
- these software modules it does not matter where they are physically stored; For example, within the control device 10, they can be stored in a separate memory area of the memory. be stored 100 or in any other memory of the arrangement.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112006004028T DE112006004028A5 (de) | 2006-07-14 | 2006-07-14 | Anordnung und Verfahren zum Speichern von Messwerten, insbesondere zur Überwachung von Energieübertragungssystemen |
PCT/DE2006/001253 WO2008006323A1 (de) | 2006-07-14 | 2006-07-14 | Anordnung und verfahren zum speichern von messwerten, insbesondere zur überwachung von energieübertragungssystemen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2006/001253 WO2008006323A1 (de) | 2006-07-14 | 2006-07-14 | Anordnung und verfahren zum speichern von messwerten, insbesondere zur überwachung von energieübertragungssystemen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2008006323A1 true WO2008006323A1 (de) | 2008-01-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/DE2006/001253 WO2008006323A1 (de) | 2006-07-14 | 2006-07-14 | Anordnung und verfahren zum speichern von messwerten, insbesondere zur überwachung von energieübertragungssystemen |
Country Status (2)
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DE (1) | DE112006004028A5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008006323A1 (de) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001067262A1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-13 | Smartsignal Corporation | Generalized lensing angular similarity operator |
EP1345101A1 (de) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Diagnosesystem für mindestens eine technische Anlage |
WO2003094765A2 (en) * | 2002-05-06 | 2003-11-20 | Enikia Llc | Method and system for power line network fault detection and quality monitoring |
-
2006
- 2006-07-14 DE DE112006004028T patent/DE112006004028A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-07-14 WO PCT/DE2006/001253 patent/WO2008006323A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001067262A1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-13 | Smartsignal Corporation | Generalized lensing angular similarity operator |
EP1345101A1 (de) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Diagnosesystem für mindestens eine technische Anlage |
WO2003094765A2 (en) * | 2002-05-06 | 2003-11-20 | Enikia Llc | Method and system for power line network fault detection and quality monitoring |
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DE112006004028A5 (de) | 2009-06-10 |
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