WO2008053801A1

WO2008053801A1 - Spherical machine element and method of producing the same

Info

Publication number: WO2008053801A1
Application number: PCT/JP2007/070902
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hiroaki Mochizuki; Tsunashi Fujita
Original assignee: Thk Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2006-10-31
Filing date: 2007-10-26
Publication date: 2008-05-08
Also published as: JPWO2008053801A1; JP5579988B2

Abstract

A spherical machine element that has compact dimensions and in which a radial load and thrust load that the element can receive are adjustable. An insertion body (2) is inserted into an exterior body (1). On the outer peripheral surface of the insertion body (2) are provided a first spherical surface section (4) and a second spherical surface section (5). The first spherical surface section (4) is constructed from a part of a spherical surface having a predetermined radius (R1). The second spherical surface section (5) has substantially the same center (P) as the first spherical surface section (4) and is constructed from a part of a spherical surface that is different from the spherical surface of the first spherical surface section (4) and has a radius (R2). On the inner peripheral surface of the exterior body (1) are provided a recess (8a) and a recess (9a) that correspond to the first spherical surface section (4) and the second spherical surface section (5), respectively. The insertion body (2) rocks relative to the exterior body (1) about the center (P).

Description

Specification

Spherical machine element and manufacturing method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a spherical bearing, a rod end, a ball joint, a pillow ball, etc. that allow the outer body and the inserted body inserted into the spherical surface to come into spherical contact to allow the inserted body to swing relative to the outer body. It relates to spherical machine elements.

Background art

A spherical bearing is known as a bearing that allows the inner ring to swing with respect to the outer ring. As shown in FIG. 30, the spherical bearing 51 includes an inner ring 52 having a spherical portion 52a having a predetermined radius on the outer peripheral surface, and an outer ring 53 having a spherical concave portion 53a corresponding to the spherical portion 52a of the inner ring 52 on the inner peripheral surface. And power is also constructed. The contact surface between the inner ring 52 and the outer ring 53 is a spherical surface, and the center of the spherical portion 52a of the inner ring 52 and the center P of the spherical concave portion 53a of the outer ring 53 coincide. The inner ring 52 can rotate relative to the outer ring 53 while sliding around the XYZ coordinate axes with the center P as the origin. The shaft 54 fitted to the inner ring 52 can swing around the center P within the range of the allowable inclination angle α.

As a spherical machine element, there is a rod end 58 as shown in FIG. 31 in addition to a spherical bearing. The rod end 58 includes an inner ring 55 having a spherical portion 55a with a predetermined radius on the outer peripheral surface, an outer ring 56 having a spherical concave portion 56a corresponding to the spherical portion 55a of the inner ring 55 on the inner peripheral surface, and a holder for holding the outer ring 56. 57 and power are also composed. In the rod end 58, a holder 57 is formed on the outer ring 56 into a body. In addition to the rod end 58, a ball joint 59 as shown in FIG. 32 is also known. The ball joint 59 is also called a link ball (registered trademark), and includes a ball shank 62 in which the shank portion 61 is welded to the ball surface portion 60, a holder 63 in which the spherical surface portion 60 is wrapped by die casting, and a force.

[0004] As shown in FIG. 30, the spherical bearing 51 can also apply a radial load (1) acting in the radial direction on the axis of the inner ring 52, which not only allows the inner ring 52 to swing. it can. This is because the contact area between the inner ring 52 and the outer ring 53 can be secured when a radial load (1) is applied. On the other hand, the spherical bearing 51 cannot load the thrust load (2) acting in the axial direction of the inner ring 52 as much as the radial load (1). Axial direction of outer ring 53 when thrust load (2) is applied This is because the inner ring 52 protrudes from the opposite end, and the contact area between the inner ring 52 and the outer ring 53 cannot be secured. Even with the rod end 58 and the ball joint 59 that are connected only by the spherical bearing 51, the thrust load cannot be applied as much as the radial load.

[0005] Patent Document 1 discloses a spherical bearing that can solve this problem and can apply a thrust load as well as a radial load alone. As shown in FIG. 33, in this spherical bearing 65, the outer ring 66 is divided into three in the axial direction. The central segment 66a receives a radial load, and the segments 66b and 66c on both sides receive a thrust load.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-327737 (see page 1, Fig. 1)

Disclosure of the invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

[0006] However, in the spherical bearing described in Patent Document 1, in order to increase the thrust load that can be applied, it is necessary to increase the radius of the spherical surface of the inner ring and increase the area of the outer ring covering the inner ring. . This is because if the axial length of the outer ring is increased while the radius of the spherical surface portion of the inner ring is constant, and the area of the outer ring covering the inner ring is increased, the swing angle of the inner ring is limited. Of course, when the radius of the spherical portion of the inner ring is increased, the outer diameter of the spherical bearing is increased.

[0007] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a spherical machine element capable of adjusting a radial load and a thrust load that can be loaded while keeping the size of the spherical machine element compact, and a method for manufacturing the same. .

Means for solving the problem

[0008] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 has a first spherical surface portion formed of a part of a spherical surface having a predetermined radius, substantially the same center as the first spherical surface portion, and An inserted body having an outer peripheral surface having a second spherical surface portion formed of a part of a spherical surface having a different radius from the first spherical surface portion, and the inserted spherical body is inserted into the first spherical surface portion and the second spherical surface portion. A spherical machine element including an outer body having a first spherical surface recess and a second spherical surface recess on the inner peripheral surface corresponding to each of the spherical surfaces.

[0009] The invention according to claim 2 is the spherical machine element according to claim 1, wherein a radius of the second spherical portion is larger than a radius of the first spherical portion, and the insertion Body axis A thrust load applied in the linear direction can be received by the second spherical surface portion of the insert, and a radial load applied in the radial direction with respect to the axial line of the insert is applied to the first load of the insert. A spherical portion can be received.

[0010] The invention according to claim 3 is the spherical machine element according to claim 2, wherein the first spherical portion is formed around the axis of the insert and has a center in the axial direction. The second spherical portion is most bulged, and the second spherical portion is formed around the axis of the insert, and the end on the first spherical portion side in the axial direction is most bulged. To do.

[0011] The invention according to claim 4 is the spherical machine element according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the second spherical portion of the insert is on both sides of the first spherical portion in the axial direction. The second spherical surface recess of the exterior body is also provided on both sides in the axial direction of the first spherical surface recess corresponding to the second spherical surface portion. To do.

[0012] The invention according to claim 5 is the spherical machine element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the insert is between the exterior body and the insert body with respect to the exterior body. It is characterized in that a cavity is provided so that it can swing.

[0013] The invention according to claim 6 is the spherical machine element according to claim 5, wherein the cavity is filled with a lubricant.

[0014] The invention according to claim 7 is the spherical mechanical element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a sliding film is provided around the first spherical portion and the second spherical portion of the insert. It is characterized by being coated.

[0015] The invention according to claim 8 is the spherical mechanical element according to claim 7, wherein the sliding film is outsert-molded around the first spherical portion of the insert. Features

[0016] The invention according to claim 9 is the spherical machine element according to claim 7, wherein the sliding film coated around the first spherical portion of the insert is formed of the insert. In addition to being divided by a cut surface including an axis, a divided sliding film made of a resin molded product is combined.

[0017] The invention according to claim 10 is the spherical machine element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the exterior body is divided by a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the exterior body. A first segment having a recess for a part and a second segment having a recess for the second spherical part, and the first segment is outsert around the insert. It is characterized by being molded.

[0018] The invention according to claim 11 is the spherical machine element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the exterior body is divided by a cross section orthogonal to an axis of the exterior body. A first segment having a concave part for a part and a second segment having a concave part for the second spherical part are joined together, and the first segment is formed by a cutting plane including the axis of the exterior body. It is characterized by combining the divided segments.

[0019] The invention according to claim 12 is the spherical machine element according to claim 4, wherein the exterior body is divided by a cut surface perpendicular to the axis of the exterior body. A first segment having a recess and a pair of second segments having the second spherical surface recess are combined.

[0020] The invention according to claim 13 is the spherical machine element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the exterior body is divided by a cut surface including an axis of the exterior body, and the first spherical portion And a plurality of divided bodies having a part in the circumferential direction of the concave portion for the second spherical portion and the concave portion for the second spherical surface portion.

[0021] The invention according to claim 14 includes a first spherical surface portion formed of a part of a spherical surface having a predetermined radius, the first spherical surface portion having substantially the same center as the first spherical surface portion. And a second spherical surface portion made of a part of a spherical surface having a radius different from the radius of the insertion body. The insertion body processing step for processing the outer peripheral surface of the insertion body, and the first spherical surface portion around the insertion body. A spherical machine element comprising: an exterior body mounting step of mounting an exterior body having a first spherical surface recess and a second spherical surface recess corresponding to each of the second spherical surface portions on an inner peripheral surface thereof. It is a manufacturing method.

[0022] The invention according to claim 15 is the method of manufacturing a spherical machine element according to claim 14, wherein the exterior body mounting step is performed around the first spherical surface portion of the insert. A first segment forming step of outsert-molding one segment, and a second segment having a second spherical portion recess corresponding to the second spherical portion of the insert. And a second segment coupling step for fitting to the first segment and coupling to the first segment. [0023] The invention according to claim 16 is the method of manufacturing a spherical machine element according to claim 14, wherein the exterior body mounting step is performed around the first spherical surface portion of the insert body. A split segment joining step of joining the split segments divided by the cut surface including the axis of the exterior body to obtain a first segment, and a second spherical portion corresponding to the second spherical portion of the insert A second segment coupling step of fitting a second segment having a recess into the circumference of the second spherical surface portion of the insert and coupling the first segment to the first segment. .

[0024] The invention according to claim 17 is the method of manufacturing a spherical machine element according to claim 14, wherein the exterior body mounting step is divided by a cut surface including an axis of the exterior body, A plurality of divided bodies having a part in the circumferential direction of the concave portion for the spherical surface portion and the concave portion for the second spherical surface portion, and after the insertion body is assembled between the plurality of divided bodies, Combining the divided bodies.

The invention's effect

[0025] According to the invention described in claim 1, since the centers of the first spherical portion and the second spherical portion of the insert are substantially the same, the insert can swing with respect to the exterior body. . Since the insert has first and second spherical portions having different radii, the radial load and thrust load that can be loaded can be adjusted while keeping the size of the spherical machine element compact.

[0026] According to the invention of claim 2, since the first spherical portion having a small radius receives a radial load and the second spherical portion having a large radius receives a thrust load, the thrust load that can be loaded is radial. Can be close to the load. In addition, since the radius of the first spherical portion that receives the radial load is reduced, the outer diameter of the spherical machine element can also be reduced.

[0027] According to the invention described in claim 3, the first spherical portion of the insert can receive a radial load, and the second spherical portion can receive a thrust load.

[0028] According to the invention described in claim 4, the force S is applied to receive the thrust load in both axial directions of the insert.

[0029] According to the invention described in claim 5, the insertion body can be swung with respect to the exterior body.

[0030] According to the invention of claim 6, the inserted body smoothly swings with respect to the exterior body. [0031] According to the invention of claim 7, the insert body smoothly swings with respect to the exterior body.

[0032] According to the invention described in claim 8, even if the first spherical surface portion of the insert is undercut that is more recessed than the second spherical portion, the first A sliding film can be formed around the spherical surface.

[0033] According to the invention of claim 9, even if the first spherical surface portion of the insert is undercut that is more recessed than the second spherical portion, the first A sliding film can be formed around the spherical surface.

[0034] According to the invention of claim 10, even if the first spherical surface portion of the insert has an undercut that is recessed relative to the second spherical portion, the first spherical surface of the insert A first segment can be formed around the part.

[0035] According to the invention described in claim 11, even if the first spherical surface portion of the insert is undercut that is recessed from the second spherical portion, the first A first segment can be formed around the spherical portion.

[0036] According to the invention of claim 12, the first and second segments of the exterior body are mounted around the first and second spherical surface portions of the insert body having a hollow undercut. can do.

[0037] According to the invention of claim 13, even if the first and second spherical surface portions of the insert are concavely cut, the first and second spherical surfaces of the insert. An exterior body can be attached around the part. Further, the exterior body can be manufactured at a low cost.

[0038] According to the invention of claim 14, the dimension of the spherical machine element is kept compact.

A spherical mechanical element capable of adjusting the radial load and the thrust load that can be applied is obtained.

[0039] According to the invention described in claim 15, the first and second spherical surfaces of the insert even if the first and second spherical portions of the insert are recessed undercuts. An exterior body can be attached around the part.

[0040] According to the invention of claim 16, even if the first and second spherical surface portions of the insert are recessed undercuts, the first and second spherical surfaces of the insert. An exterior body can be attached around the part.

[0041] According to the invention of claim 17, even if the first and second spherical surface portions of the insert are recessed, Even with an undercut, it is possible to attach an exterior body around the first and second spherical portions of the insert. Further, the exterior body can be manufactured at a low cost.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a spherical bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 2] Side view of spherical bearing

[Fig.3] Perspective view of inner ring of spherical bearing

[Figure 4] Cross section of spherical bearing

[Fig. 5] Perspective view of another example of spherical bearing

[Fig. 6] Perspective view of inner ring of spherical bearing of Fig. 5

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of the spherical bearing of the first embodiment (the state where the inner ring is processed)

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of the spherical bearing of the first embodiment (a state where the first spherical portion of the inner ring is covered with a sliding film)

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of the spherical bearing of the first embodiment (the state where the first segment is molded on the inner ring)

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of the spherical bearing of the first embodiment (a state in which the second spherical portion of the inner ring is covered with a sliding film)

[Fig. 11] Diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of the spherical bearing of the first embodiment (with the O-ring attached to the first segment)

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of the spherical bearing of the first embodiment (the second segment is fixed to the first segment).

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a spherical bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig.14] Side view of spherical bearing of Fig.13

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the inner ring of the spherical bearing of FIG.

FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view of a spherical bearing according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a spherical bearing according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the spherical bearing in FIG. 17 seen through.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of the spherical bearing of the fourth embodiment (in which the inner ring is processed) state)

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of the spherical bearing of the fourth embodiment (a state where the first spherical portion of the inner ring is covered with a sliding film)

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of the spherical bearing of the fourth embodiment (with the lower divided segment fitted to the inner ring)

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of the spherical bearing of the fourth embodiment (a state where a pair of divided segments are coupled)

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of the manufacturing process of the spherical bearing of the fourth embodiment (a state where the second spherical surface portion of the inner ring is covered with a sliding film)

[Fig. 24] Cross-sectional view showing an example of the outer ring coupling method (sleeve caulking) using caulking

[FIG. 25] Sectional view showing another example (radial caulking) of the outer ring coupling method using caulking

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing another example (axial caulking) of the outer ring coupling method using caulking.

[Fig.27] Diagram showing an example of how to combine segmented segments

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example of a method of joining divided bodies using caulking.

FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an example of a method of joining divided bodies

[Fig.30] Sectional view along axis of conventional spherical bearing

[Fig.31] Cross section of conventional rod end

[Fig.32] Perspective view of conventional ball joint (including partial cross section)

[Fig.33] Cross section along axis of conventional spherical bearing

Explanation of symbols

1, 21, 31, 41… Outer ring (exterior body)

2, 22, 44… inner ring

3, 23 ...

4, 24, 47

5, 25, 48 ... the second spherical part

4a, 5 & —sliding membrane

47a… Partial sliding membrane

8, 28, 43, 71… first segment 8a, 28a, 36 ...

9, 29, 42, 72… second segment

46, 76… Pollution IJ segment

9a, 29a, 37

31 a, 31b, 74… harm ij

11 · · · Cavity

R1 · · · Radius of the first spherical surface

R2 'Radius of the second spherical part

P ... Center

(1) · · · Radial load

(2) Thrust load

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a first embodiment (spherical bearing) of the spherical machine element of the present invention. Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a spherical bearing, and Fig. 2 shows a side view. An inner ring 2, which is an example of a inserted body, is incorporated inside a cylindrical outer ring 1 which is an example of an exterior body. As shown in FIG. 2, the inner ring 2 can swing within a predetermined inclination angle α with respect to the outer ring 1. The shape of the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 is a rotating body (that is, a shape formed by rotating around the axis 3 and having symmetry).

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the inner ring 2. The inner ring 2 has a first spherical surface portion 4 at the central portion in the axial direction, and has second spherical surface portions 5 at both end portions in the axial direction. The connecting portion 10 between the first spherical portion 4 and the second spherical portion 5 is recessed. The first spherical portion 4 is formed around the axis 3 and the center in the axial direction is most swelled. The second spherical surface portion 5 is formed around the axis 3 and the end on the first spherical surface portion 4 side is most swelled! The outer diameter of the second spherical portion 5 is larger than the outer diameter of the first spherical portion 4. The inner ring 2 is made of metal such as iron or aluminum and is manufactured by forging or forging. On the surface of the first and second spherical surface parts 4 and 5 of the inner ring 2, self-lubricating fluororesin, molybdenum disulfide, graphite, or low-sliding nylon, Teflon (registered trademark) Sliding films 4a and 5a made of a lubricating film such as polyacetal or a molded resin product are coated. Inner ring 2 penetrates in the axial direction Hole 6 is drilled. When using a spherical bearing, insert the shaft into the through hole 6, screw the nut into the male thread machined into the shaft, and fasten the shaft to the inner ring 2.

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the spherical bearing. The first spherical surface portion 4 of the inner ring 2 is composed of a part of a spherical surface having a radius R1 centered on the axis. Since the first spherical surface portion 4 is covered with the sliding film 4a, the surface of the sliding film 4a actually consists of a part of the spherical surface. The second spherical surface portion 5 provided at both ends in the axial direction of the first spherical surface portion 4 has substantially the same center P as the first spherical surface portion 4 and has a larger radius R2 than the first spherical surface portion 4. It consists of a part of the spherical surface. Here, “the center is substantially the same” means that the center of the first spherical portion 4 and the second spherical portion 5 are the same point, and the first spherical portion 4 and the second spherical portion 4 are the same. This includes the case where the center of the spherical surface portion 5 is slightly displaced with respect to the outer ring 1 so that the inner ring 2 can swing. Since the second spherical portion 5 is also covered with the sliding film 5a !, the surface of the sliding film 5a actually consists of a part of a spherical surface.

[0047] The outer ring 1 is divided into three parts, and the first segment 8 in the center in the axial direction and the pair of second segments 9 attached to both ends in the axial direction of the first segment 8 and the force are also configured. It is done. On the inner periphery of the ring-shaped first segment 8, a first spherical surface recess 8 a corresponding to the first spherical surface portion 4 is formed. That is, the first concave portion 8a for the spherical surface portion is formed of a part of the spherical surface with the radius R1 having the center P on the axis 3, and the center in the axial direction is most concave. A second spherical portion recess 9 a corresponding to the second spherical portion 5 is also formed on the inner periphery of the ring-shaped second segment 9. That is, the second spherical portion recess 9a is formed of a part of a spherical surface having a center R on the axis 3 and having a radius R2, and the end on the first spherical portion recess 8a side is most recessed. When the inner ring 2 swings between the outer periphery of the connecting portion 10 between the first spherical portion 4 and the second spherical portion 5 and the inner periphery of the second segment 9, the second spherical surface of the inner ring 2 A cavity 11 is provided so as to avoid interference between the part 5 and the second segment 9. The first and second segments 8, 9 are made of metal such as iron and aluminum.

[0048] Since the first spherical portion 4 is sandwiched between the pair of second spherical portions 5 in the axial direction, the inner ring 2 has an undercut that is depressed in the central first spherical portion 4. Yes. Since the outer diameter of the second spherical portion 5 of the inner ring 2 is larger than the inner diameter of the first segment 8, the first segment 8 cannot pass through the second spherical portion 5. For this reason, the first segment 8 is manufactured by outsert molding around the first spherical surface portion 4 of the inner ring 2. Specifically, gold It is manufactured by inserting the inner ring 2 into the mold and die casting molten metal around the first spherical surface portion 4 of the inner ring 2. Die-casting is a forging method in which a molten product such as an aluminum alloy or zinc alloy is pressed into a precision mold by pressure to obtain a porcelain.

[0049] The second segment 9 is manufactured separately from the inner ring 2 by forging, forging or cutting.

The second segment 9 is fitted around the second spherical surface portion 5 of the inner ring 2 and is coupled to both end surfaces of the first segment 8 in the axial direction. Ring-shaped O-ring grooves 8b and 9b are formed on the opposing surfaces of the first segment 8 and the second segment 9, respectively. An O-ring 13 that seals the joint surface is fitted into the O-ring grooves 8b and 9b.

[0050] A radial radial load (1) and an axial thrust load (2) are applied to the inner ring 2 with respect to the axis 3. The first spherical surface portion 4 receives the radial load (1) applied to the inner ring 2 and the second spherical surface portion 5 receives the thrust load (2). That is, when a radial load (1) is applied to the inner ring 2, the first spherical surface portion 4 of the inner ring 2 comes into contact with the first spherical surface recess 8a of the first segment 8, and the thrust load (2) is applied. Then, the second spherical surface portion 5 of the inner ring 2 and the second spherical surface concave portion 9a of the second segment 9 come into contact with each other.

[0051] For the second spherical surface portion 5 of the inner ring 2 and the second spherical surface portion of the outer ring 1 when a thrust load (2) is applied to the inner ring 2 while keeping the inclination angle α of the inner ring 2 constant. In order to increase the contact area with the recess 9a, the radius R2 of the second spherical surface portion 5 must be increased. On the other hand, even if the radius of the first spherical portion 4 is small, when the radial load (1) is applied to the inner ring 2, the first spherical portion 4 of the inner ring 2 and the first spherical portion of the outer ring 1 are used. The contact area of the recess 8a tends to increase. If the radius of the second spherical part 5 that receives the thrust load (2) is increased and the radius of the first spherical part 4 that receives the radial load (1) is reduced, the thrust load (2) that can be applied is reduced to the radial load ( The ability to approach 1) S. Further, by making the radius R1 of the first spherical surface portion 4 smaller than the radius R2 of the second spherical surface portion 5, the outer diameter of the spherical bearing can be made compact.

5 and 6 show other examples of spherical bearings. FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the spherical bearing, and FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of the inner ring. In the spherical bearing of this example, the first and second spherical portions 4 and 5 of the inner ring 2 are not covered with a sliding film. This is because if the first spherical portion 4 and the second spherical portion 5 are covered with a sliding film, the cost may increase. in this way The first spherical part 4 and the second spherical part 5 do not have to be covered with a sliding film! /. If the sliding film is not covered, the first and second spherical surface portions 4 and 5 of the inner ring 2 are in sliding contact with the first and second spherical surface recesses 8a and 9a of the outer ring 1 directly. In order to reduce the frictional resistance of the sliding contact part, the cavity 11 (see Fig. 4) is filled with lubricating oil such as sliding surface oil and grease.

7 to 12 show an example of the manufacturing process of the spherical bearing. As shown in FIG. 7, first, the first spherical portion 4 and the second spherical portion 5 are processed on the outer periphery of the metal inner ring 2 by forging, forging, or cutting.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, a sliding film 4a having a resin such as fluororesin, polyetherketone, nylon, or an alloy such as brass is formed around the first spherical surface portion 4. Then, a sliding film is attached to the first spherical surface portion 4. This molding is called outsert molding because it is a molding in which resin or the like is attached around the first spherical surface portion 4. Instead of synthetic resin, other solid lubricants can be coated with low sliding materials.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the first segment 8 is outsert-molded around the first spherical surface portion 4. Specifically, the first spherical surface portion 4 of the inner ring 2 is inserted into a mold, and molten metal is die-cast into the mold. Since the first spherical surface portion 4 of the inner ring is undercut, such a molding process is necessary. The O-ring groove 8b of the first segment 8 may be cut after die casting.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10, a slide film 5 a made of a resin such as fluororesin, polyether ketone, nylon, or alloy such as brass is formed around the second spherical portion 5 by outsert molding. . Instead of the synthetic resin, another solid lubricant may be coated with a low sliding material.

Next, as shown in FIG. 11, the O-ring 13 is fitted into the O-ring groove 8 b of the first segment 8.

[0058] Finally, as shown in FIG. 12, the second segment 9 is fitted around the second spherical surface portion 5 of the inner ring 2, and the second segment 9 is coupled to the first segment 8. . If the second segment 9 is outsert-molded around the second spherical surface portion 5 of the inner ring 2, the periphery of the second spherical surface portion 5 is buried. Since the cavity disappears and the inner ring 2 cannot swing with respect to the outer ring 1, the second segment 9 is manufactured in advance by forging, forging or cutting, and is fitted into the inner ring 2 later. FIGS. 13 and 14 show a second embodiment (spherical bearing) of the spherical machine element of the present invention. This spherical bearing also includes an outer ring 21 and an inner ring 22 fitted to the outer ring 21, and the inner ring 22 can swing with respect to the outer ring 21 within a range of a predetermined inclination angle.

FIG. 15 shows a perspective view of the inner ring. The inner ring 22 has a first spherical surface portion 24 and a second spherical surface portion 25 on its outer peripheral surface. Unlike the spherical bearing of the first embodiment, the second spherical portion 25 is formed only on one side of the first spherical portion 24 in the axial direction.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 14, the center P of the first spherical portion 24 is substantially the same as the center P of the second spherical portion 25, and the radius R2 of the second spherical portion 25 is Larger than radius R1 of one spherical surface portion 24. Then, the second spherical portion 25 receives a thrust load (2) acting in one axial direction of the inner ring 22, and the first spherical portion 24 receives a radial load (1) acting radially on the axial line 23. receive.

[0062] The outer ring 21 has a first segment 28 in which a first spherical portion recess 28a corresponding to the first spherical portion 24 is formed, and a second spherical portion corresponding to the second spherical portion 25. It is divided into a second segment 29 in which a recess 29a is formed. The second segment 29 is provided only on one side of the first segment 28.

[0063] Depending on how the spherical bearing is used, it may be necessary to apply a thrust load (2) in only one axial direction. In such a case, one of the pair of second spherical surface portions 25 can be omitted as in the spherical bearing of this embodiment.

FIG. 16 shows a third embodiment (spherical bearing) of the spherical machine element of the present invention. This spherical bearing also includes an outer ring 31 and an inner ring 2 fitted to the outer ring 31, and the inner ring 2 can swing within a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the outer ring 31. The outer ring 31 of this embodiment is a cross section including the axis of the cylindrical outer ring 31 that is not divided by a cross section orthogonal to the axis of the cylindrical outer ring 1 as in the spherical bearing of the first embodiment. Thus, for example, it is divided into two divided bodies 31a and 31b. Since the structure of the inner ring 2 is the same as that of the spherical bearing of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

[0065] Each divided body 31a, 31b is formed with a half circumference of first and second spherical surface concave portions 36, 37 corresponding to the first and second spherical surface portions 4, 5 of the inner ring 2, respectively. The Each divided body 31a, 31b is manufactured by forging, forging or cutting. Around each segment, it extends in the circumferential direction. A groove 35 is formed. After the inner ring 2 is assembled between the pair of divided bodies 31a, 31b, a coupling means such as a coil spring 33 rounded into a circle, a rubber band, or a heat shrinkable tube is fitted in the groove 35. The coupling means couples the pair of divided bodies 31a and 31b so as not to be separated.

Note that a cylindrical housing 34 can be used instead of the coil spring 33 as the coupling means. The housing 34 and the outer ring 31 are preferably fitted with a tight fit. The coil spring 33 and the housing 34 may be used together to form a coupling means. Further, the divided bodies 31a and 31b may be directly coupled by welding such as laser welding.

[0067] In the state in which the inner ring 2 is incorporated into the divided bodies 31a and 31b, a cavity for swinging the inner ring 2 is provided between the divided bodies 31a and 31b and the inner ring 2. The inner ring 2 may or may not be coated with a sliding film made of a solid lubricant. If the sliding film is not covered, the cavity is filled with lubricating oil.

[0068] According to the spherical bearing of the third embodiment, the man-hour of the outer ring 31 can be reduced, and therefore the manufacturing cost of the outer ring 31 can be reduced.

FIGS. 17 and 18 show a spherical bearing according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Similar to the spherical bearing of the first embodiment, the spherical bearing of this embodiment includes a central first segment 43 in which the outer ring 41 is divided by a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the outer ring 41, and a first segment 43. And a pair of second segments 42 provided on both sides in the axial direction. At both ends in the axial direction of the outer peripheral surface of the first segment 43, a receiving port 43a having a reduced diameter is formed (see FIG. 22). The end of the second segment 42 is fitted into the receptacle 43a.

[0070] The first segment 43 is a divided segment divided by a cross section including the axis of the outer ring 41.

46 is connected by connecting means such as bolts and welding. The second segment 42 is fixed to the first segment 43 by welding such as laser welding, MIG welding, or TIG welding after being fitted into the receiving port 43a of the first segment 43.

FIGS. 19 to 23 show manufacturing process diagrams of the spherical bearing of the fourth embodiment. First, the first spherical surface portion 47 and the second spherical surface portion 48 are processed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 44 by forging, forging, or cutting.

Next, as shown in FIG. 20, a sliding film 47a made of a resin such as fluororesin, nylon, polyetherketone, or an alloy such as brass is provided around the first spherical portion 47 of the inner ring 44. Covered Overturn. The sliding film 47a may be outsert-molded around the first spherical surface portion 47, or may be a combination of the divided sliding film 47a made of a resin molded product divided into two semicircles. .

Next, as shown in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22, the segment segment 46 divided into two semicircles is fitted around the sliding membrane 47a, and these are coupled by coupling means such as bolts and welding. Do

Next, as shown in FIG. 23, the second spherical portion 48 is covered with a ring-shaped sliding film 48a. The sliding film 48a may be outsert-molded on the second spherical surface portion 48, or may be manufactured by fitting a molded product pre-resin-molded into the second spherical surface portion 48.

Next, as shown in FIG. 17, the second segment 42 is attached to the second spherical portion 48.

The first segment 43 is formed with a receiving port 43a (see FIG. 23). The second segment 42 is fitted in the receptacle 43a of the first segment 43. After fitting the second segment 42 to the first segment 43, these are joined by laser welding or the like. As shown in FIG. 18, the second segment 42 is formed with an air vent hole 42a during laser welding. The first segment 43 and the second segment 42 may be laser-welded at the same time as the first segment 43 and the second segment 42 are laser-welded.

By forming the stepped receiving port 43 a in the first segment 43, it is possible to prevent laser welding from entering the outer ring 41. Also, the O-ring can be omitted by welding the first segment 43 and the second segment 42.

[0077] In the spherical bearings of the first, third and fourth embodiments, since the first spherical portions 4, 47 of the inner rings 2, 44 have a smaller diameter than the second spherical portions 5, 48, the inner ring 2 , 44 is undercut with a recessed center. In order to correspond to the inner rings 2 and 44 of the undercut, the outer rings 1 and 41 are divided into three parts by a cutting plane orthogonal to the axis, or the outer ring 31 is divided into two by a cut section including the axis.

[0078] As the means for connecting the outer ring divided into a plurality of parts, the above-described welding or bolt connection is used. In addition to welding and bolt connection, it is also possible to use force force. In the following, we will explain the connection method using force!

FIG. 24 shows an example of a coupling method using force and crimping. First segment 71 and second segment A cylindrical sleeve 73 is press-fitted around the segment 72. The sleeve 73 is fitted to the back 72a of the second segment 72. A taper may be formed on the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 73. After press-fitting the sleeve 73, the end 73a of the sleeve 73 is bent inward so as to be plastically deformed. Note that the first segment 71 and the second segment 72 may be joined by bending both ends of the cylindrical sleeve 73.

FIG. 25 and FIG. 26 show a method of directly caulking the first segment 71 and the second segment 72 without using a sleeve. Figure 25 shows the caulking in the radial direction, and Figure 26 shows the caulking in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 25, after the second segment 72 is fitted to the first segment 71, a radial caulking force is applied to the end 72a of the second segment 72, and the end 72a is turned inward. The first segment 71 and the second segment 72 may be fixed by bending.

[0081] Further, as shown in FIG. 26, after the second segment 72 is fitted inside the first segment 71, the caulking force in the axial direction is applied to the first segment 71 or the second segment 72. In addition, the first segment 71 and the second segment 72 may be combined. In this example, since the first segment 71 is disposed outside the second segment 72, it is necessary to combine the first segment 71 divided into two semicircles before caulking. . As a method of joining the first segment 71, welding can be used. As shown in FIG. 27, a split segment 76 is provided with a hook-like hooking force 76a and these are engaged with each other. You may do it. Since the ij segment 76 can slide along the spherical surface of the inner ring 2, the work of engaging the hook and hook 76a is facilitated.

FIG. 28 shows an example in which the divided body 74 divided into two along the axis is coupled using the sleeve 75. After the sleeve 75 is press-fitted into the divided body 74, the two divided bodies 74 are joined by bending the end portion of the sleeve 75.

FIG. 29 shows another example of a method for joining two divided bodies 74. Each of the divided bodies 74 may be provided with a hook-like hooking force, a flange 74a, and these may be engaged with each other.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The radius of the first spherical portion and the radius of the second spherical portion can be variously changed depending on the radial to be loaded and the thrust load. For example, radial load When the weight is large, the radius of the first spherical portion may be larger than the radius of the second spherical portion. If it carries out like this, the length of the axial direction of a spherical bearing can be made small. In addition, the insert has a third spherical surface formed of a part of a spherical surface having a radius R3 different from the radii Rl and R2 of the first spherical surface portion and the second spherical surface portion, and the exterior body is a third spherical surface portion. You may have the 3rd spherical part recessed part corresponding to a part. However, even in this case, the center of the third spherical portion needs to substantially coincide with the centers of the first and second spherical portions.

[0085] This specification is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-296748 filed on Oct. 31, 2006 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-256279 filed on Sep. 28, 2007. All this content is included here. Industrial applicability

The spherical mechanical element of the present invention can be applied to a spherical bearing, a rod end shown in FIG. 31, a ball joint shown in FIG. 32, or a pillow ball. Since the rigidity in the thrust direction is high V and! /, It is suitable as an alternative to ball bushes and pillow balls incorporated in automobile suspensions.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] A first spherical surface portion including a part of a spherical surface having a predetermined radius, and a part of a spherical surface having substantially the same center as the first spherical surface portion and having a radius different from that of the first spherical surface portion. A second spherical portion, and a insert having an outer peripheral surface,

An exterior body in which the inserted body is inserted and has a first spherical surface concave portion and a second spherical surface concave portion corresponding to the first spherical surface portion and the second spherical surface portion, respectively, on the inner peripheral surface; A spherical machine element comprising

[2] The radius of the second spherical portion is larger than the radius of the first spherical portion.

And the second spherical surface portion of the insert can receive the thrust load applied in the axial direction of the insert,

2. The spherical machine element according to claim 1, wherein the first spherical surface portion of the inserted body can receive a radial load applied in a radial direction with respect to an axis of the inserted body.

[3] The first spherical surface portion is formed around the axis of the insert and has a center in the axial direction that is most bulging,

3. The spherical machine according to claim 2, wherein the second spherical surface portion is formed around an axis of the insertion body, and an end on the first spherical surface side in the axial direction is swelled most. Machine element.

[4] The second spherical portion of the insert is provided on both sides in the axial direction of the first spherical portion,

3. The concave portion for the second spherical surface portion of the exterior body is also provided on both sides in the axial direction of the concave portion for the first spherical surface portion corresponding to the second spherical surface portion. Or Spherical machine element according to 3.

[5] The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cavity is provided between the exterior body and the insert so that the insert can swing relative to the exterior body. Spherical machine element.

6. The spherical machine element according to claim 5, wherein the cavity is filled with a lubricant.

[7] A sliding film is provided around the first spherical portion and the second spherical portion of the insert. Spherical machine element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is covered.

8. The spherical machine element according to claim 7, wherein the sliding film is outsert-molded around the first spherical portion of the insert.

[9] A sliding film coated around the first spherical surface portion of the insert is divided by a cut surface including an axis of the insert, and a split slide made of a resin molded product. The spherical mechanical element according to claim 7, wherein the dynamic membrane is combined.

[10] The exterior body is divided by a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the exterior body, the first segment having the first spherical surface recess, and the second segment having the second spherical surface recess. Combined with other segments,

The spherical machine element according to claim 1, wherein the first segment is outsert-molded around the insert.

[11] The exterior body includes a first segment having the first spherical surface recess, and a second segment having the second spherical surface recess, divided by a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the exterior body. Combined with other segments,

3. The spherical machine element according to claim 1, wherein the first segment is formed by joining divided segments divided by a cut surface including an axis of the exterior body.

[12] The exterior body includes a first segment having the first spherical surface recess and a second spherical surface recess, which are divided by a cut surface perpendicular to the axis of the exterior body. 5. The spherical mechanical element according to claim 4, wherein the spherical mechanical element is formed by coupling a pair of second segments.

[13] The exterior body is divided by a cut surface including an axis of the exterior body, and has a plurality of divided bodies having a part in the circumferential direction of the first spherical surface recess and the second spherical surface recess. The spherical machine element according to claim 1, wherein the spherical machine elements are combined.

[14] A first spherical surface portion formed of a part of a spherical surface having a predetermined radius, and a spherical surface having a center substantially the same as the first spherical surface portion and having a radius different from the radius of the first spherical surface portion. And a second spherical portion made of a portion to process the outer peripheral surface of the insert,

An exterior body having a first spherical surface recess and a second spherical surface recess corresponding to the first spherical surface portion and the second spherical surface portion on the inner peripheral surface is disposed around the insert. A method of manufacturing a spherical machine element, comprising:

[15] The exterior body mounting step includes:

A first segment forming step of outsert-molding a first segment around the first spherical portion of the insert;

A second segment having a second spherical portion recess corresponding to the second spherical portion of the insert is fitted around the second spherical portion of the insert, and the first 15. The method of manufacturing a spherical machine element according to claim 14, further comprising a second segment coupling step of coupling to the segment.

[16] The exterior body mounting step includes:

A divided segment joining step for obtaining a first segment by joining divided segments divided by a cut surface including an axis of the exterior body around the first spherical surface portion of the insert;

[17] The exterior body mounting step includes:

A step of preparing a plurality of divided bodies divided by a cut surface including an axis of the exterior body, and having a part in the circumferential direction of the first spherical surface recess and the second spherical surface recess; 15. The method of manufacturing a spherical machine element according to claim 14, further comprising a step of combining the plurality of divided bodies after the insertion body is assembled between the bodies.