WO2007011264A1

WO2007011264A1 - Method for selectively and recirculatingly spraying a liquid and a device for carrying out said method

Info

Publication number: WO2007011264A1
Application number: PCT/RU2006/000381
Authority: WO
Inventors: Sergei Viktorovich Nadmitov
Original assignee: Sergei Viktorovich Nadmitov
Priority date: 2005-07-18
Filing date: 2006-07-17
Publication date: 2007-01-25
Also published as: RU2005122822A

Abstract

The invention relates to methods and devices for spraying liquid in production processes using a homogenous disperses mixture, in particular in internal combustion engines, requiring a finely-dispersed fuel-air mixture and in the chemical industry for gas-liquid washing devices, requiring a coarsely-dispersed mixture for decreasing a the washing liquid drop entrainment. Said invention makes it possible to obtain a more homogenous, in terms of particle sizes, mixture by removing coarse or fine spray liquid particles from an output flow according to a variant of the method use or the device destination. The inventive method is characterised in that it consists in collecting particles of a specified size from a mist spray along with a liquid spraying process by supplying a liquid jet at an angle to the gas flow, wherein said particles form a liquid in the accumulated state thereof, which is transported to a repeated spraying. In first and second variants, the inventive device comprises a body (1) provided with an internal channel (2), a spraying nozzle (3), which is arranged at an angle to the gas flow direction and is connected to a tank (6) containing the spray liquid, a collector (4) for collecting the specifically-sized particles from the spray liquid is placed in the body internal channel or thereunder. In the first embodiment, the collector is connected to the spray liquid tank (6), whereas in the second embodiment, said collector is connected to an additional spraying nozzle provided in the body internal channel.

Description

Method for selective recirculation spraying of liquid and device for its implementation (options)

Technical field

The invention relates to methods and devices for spraying liquids in technological processes requiring a homogeneous dispersed mixture, in particular, internal combustion engines, where it is necessary to obtain a finely dispersed mixture of fuel with air, in the chemical industry in apparatus for washing a gas with liquid, requiring a homogeneous coarse mixture to reduce splashing water of flushing fluid.

State of the art

For spraying liquids in technological processes, there are many devices that use the method of pneumatic spraying and related to jet devices. Inkjet devices are those devices in which, through direct contact (mixing), the process of transferring kinetic energy from one stream to another is carried out. Despite the variety of designs of jet devices, the following main elements can be distinguished: an active (working) nozzle, a mixing chamber, a diffuser, an inlet portion of the neck for passing a passive flow, made, as a rule, in the form of a confuser (New reference book of a chemist and technologist. Chemical processes and apparatuses. Technologies, p. l, St. Petersburg: AHO NPO Professional, 2004, p.405). The disadvantage of such devices is the heterogeneity of the resulting mixture, those. the diameter of the droplets varies quite widely, and their number is distributed unevenly across the diameters, for example, large droplets are relatively small in number, however they carry a large mass of fuel (Morozov K.A., Matyukhin L. H. Power systems for modern gasoline engines Textbook, MADI, M., 1988, on p. 7).

A device is known by A.S. USSR N ° 797783 from 1981, containing compressed gas and liquid supply systems, a spray chamber with inlet and outlet nozzles, an annular reflector and chordally located atomizers placed therein, as well as a liquid collector. The disadvantages of the device are large sizes, material consumption, high aerodynamic drag, the inability to obtain a homogeneous coarse mixture. These disadvantages are caused by the design of the device itself, which is, in fact, a cyclone inside which spray liquid is produced, and the principle of operation corresponding to this design. This principle of operation consists in the fact that with the help of sprayers a stream of atomized liquid is formed, in which large and small particles are evenly distributed, and then due to centrifugal forces arising from the rotation of the stream of atomized liquid along the side wall of the cylindrical body, all particles are removed except the smallest.

A known method of spraying liquid (prototype), carried out by supplying a jet of liquid perpendicular to the gas flow (Morozov K. A., Matyukhin L. H. Power systems of modern gasoline engines. Study guide, MADI, M., 1988, on p. 7) . The disadvantage of this method is the heterogeneity of the mixture, leading, for example, in internal combustion engines to increased consumption fuel due to incomplete combustion of large fuel particles in the mixture.

The closest in technical essence to the device is a device for spraying liquid (prototype), described in the book Dmitrievsky A.B., Kamenev V.F. Car carburetors

M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1990, on p. 76-77. The device comprises a housing, with an internal channel made in the form of a venturi, in a narrow part of the internal channel at an angle of about 90 degrees to the direction of gas flow, a nozzle is installed to which the sprayed liquid is supplied. The disadvantage of this device is the heterogeneity of the resulting mixture.

Disclosure of invention

The present invention solves the problem of reducing the heterogeneity of the resulting mixture for pneumatic spraying carried out by supplying a jet of liquid at an angle to the gas stream. This is achieved through the selection (selection) of particles of a given size from the stream of atomized liquid, forming in accumulated form the liquid, which is sent for re-spraying (recirculation). Due to the initial momentum of the liquid jet flowing out of the nozzle at an angle to the direction of the gas flow and divided by the gas flow into particles of different sizes, and under the influence of the aerodynamic drag force field, the motion paths of larger particles deviate further from the spray nozzle than the motion paths of small particles ( see Fig. 3), i.e. In the stream of atomized liquid there is an uneven distribution of large and small particles. This makes it possible to capture particles of a sprayed liquid of a given size in a wide range from large to smallest, remove them from the output stream and, therefore, to ensure a more homogeneous mixture. The technical result consists in obtaining a more uniform mixture of particle sizes due to the removal of large or small particles of atomized liquid from the output stream, depending on the application of the method or the purpose of the device.

According to the invention, the technical result for the method is achieved in that in the process of spraying the liquid by supplying a jet of liquid at an angle to the gas stream, particles of a given size are collected from the sprayed liquid, forming an accumulated liquid, which is sent for re-spraying.

A common feature with the known prototype liquid spraying method is liquid spraying by supplying a liquid jet at an angle to the gas stream. New features that distinguish the proposed method from the prototype are the following:

• collection of particles of a given size (large or small) from sprayed liquid;

• the collected particles of the sprayed liquid are sent for re-spraying.

According to the invention, the technical result for the device according to embodiment 1 is achieved due to the fact that in a device comprising a housing with an internal channel, a spray nozzle located at an angle to the direction of gas flow, connected to a container with a sprayed liquid, in the internal channel of the housing or under the channel of the housing a receiver is installed to collect particles of a given size from the sprayed liquid, in communication with the container with the sprayed liquid. Common features with the known prototype device are a housing with an internal channel and a spray nozzle, located at an angle to the direction of the gas flow, connected to the tank with the sprayed liquid. New features that distinguish the proposed device for spraying liquid from the prototype is a receiver installed in the inner channel of the housing or under the channel of the housing for collecting particles of a given size from the sprayed liquid, in communication with the container with the sprayed liquid. According to the invention, the technical result for the device according to option 2 is achieved due to the fact that in the device containing the housing with an internal channel, a spray nozzle, located at an angle to the direction of gas flow, connected to the container with the sprayed liquid, in the internal channel of the housing or under the channel of the housing a receiver is installed for collecting particles of a given size from the sprayed liquid, an additional spray nozzle is made in the inner channel of the housing communicating with a receiver for collecting particles of a given size sprayed liquid.

Common features with the known device of the prototype is a housing with an internal channel and a spray nozzle located at an angle to the direction of the gas flow, connected to a container with a sprayed liquid.

New features that distinguish the proposed device for spraying liquid from the prototype are a receiver installed in the inner channel of the housing or under the channel of the housing for collecting particles of a given size from the sprayed liquid and an additional spray nozzle made in the inner channel of the housing, communicating with the receiver to collect particles of a given size from the atomized liquid.

Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the device for spraying liquid according to option 1.

In FIG. 2 shows a General view of the device for spraying liquid according to option 2.

In FIG. Figure 3 illustrates the trajectories of the movement of large and small particles in a stream of atomized liquid.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

The method is as follows. The jet of liquid is fed through the spray nozzle perpendicular to the gas stream. A gas stream breaks a stream of liquid flowing out of a nozzle into particles of different sizes and carries them along. With this spraying, the motion paths of large particles deviate further from the spray nozzle than the motion paths of small particles, i.e. In the stream of atomized liquid there is an uneven distribution of large and small particles. This makes it possible by collecting particles from a given region of the sprayed liquid stream to capture particles of the desired size in a wide range from the largest to the smallest, to remove them from the output stream and, therefore, to ensure a more uniform mixture. The angle of the fluid stream to the direction of gas flow is 90 degrees. Other values of this angle are possible, it is necessary and sufficient that the liquid stream is not parallel to the gas flow, this ensures an uneven distribution of large and small particles in the atomized liquid stream and, in combination with other features, allows to achieve a technical result.

The device according to the 1st embodiment consists of a housing 1 with an internal channel 2, made in the form of a venturi. In a narrow part of the inner channel 2, at an angle of about 90 degrees to the direction of the gas flow, a spray nozzle 3 is located, communicating via a tube 7 with a container with a sprayed liquid 6. Under the inner channel 2 of the housing 1, a receiver is installed to collect particles of a given size 4 from the sprayed liquid. A receiver for collecting particles of a given size 4 communicates via a tube 5 with a container with a sprayed liquid 6.

The device operates as follows. The gas flow passes through the internal channel 2, in its narrow place the flow velocity increases and a vacuum is created. Under the influence of this vacuum, the liquid from the tank 6 enters through the tube 7 to the spray nozzle 3 and flows out of it. A gas stream breaks a stream of liquid flowing out of the spray nozzle 3 into particles of different sizes and carries them along. Fig. 3 shows the trajectories of the movement of large and small particles in a stream of atomized liquid, i.e. In the stream of atomized liquid there is an uneven distribution of large and small particles. The stream of small particles passes by the receiver to collect particles of a given size 4 and then small particles together with the gas stream are carried away from the device. A stream of large particles enters the receiver to collect particles of a given size 4, where these particles are collected, accumulated and under the action of aerodynamic forces are sent through a tube 5 to a container with a sprayed liquid 6. The output stream of a sprayed liquid is characterized by the absence of large particles of liquid, i.e. is more uniform.

The inner channel 2 is made in the form of a Venturi pipe, this form of the channel allows you to create a vacuum in its narrow part and to ensure the flow of fluid to the spray nozzle 3. It is possible to make the channel in the form of a cylindrical pipe, tapering confuser, expanding diffuser, or in some other form, but in such In this case, it is necessary to provide a fluid flow to the spray nozzle 3 by an external pump or by any other known method. It is possible to execute channels that change (turn) the flow direction, and other versions of the internal channel 2, it is necessary and sufficient that the function of the internal channel 2 is realized to ensure the gas flow in the internal channel 2 past the spray nozzle 3, which in combination with other features allows to achieve technical result.

The spray nozzle 3 is made in the form of the end of the tube 7. It is possible that the spray nozzle 3 can be made differently, it is necessary and sufficient that the nozzle function is implemented to set the direction of the liquid stream flowing from it, which, in combination with other features, allows to achieve a technical result.

The angle of the spray nozzle 3 to the direction of gas flow is about 90 degrees. Other values of this angle are possible, it is necessary and sufficient that the liquid stream supplied by the spray nozzle 3 is not parallel to the gas flow, this provides an uneven distribution of large and small particles in the sprayed liquid stream and, in combination with other features, allows to achieve a technical result. The receiver for collecting particles of a given size 4 is made in the form of the end of the tube 5 located at the end of the gas flow and located under the internal channel 2 of the housing 1 on the corresponding trajectories of the movement of large particles of atomized liquid, to capture small particles of the atomized liquid, the receiver for collecting particles of a given size 4 must be placed on the corresponding trajectories of motion of small particles, i.e. the location of the receiver relative to the flow of the sprayed liquid is determined by the size of the captured particles, and it is possible to install a receiver to collect particles of a given size 4 both in the inner channel 2 of the housing 1 and below it. It is possible to implement a receiver for collecting particles of a given size 4, in the form of sockets, rings, plates, part of the inner surface of the channel 2 and another design, it is necessary and sufficient that the function of the receiver for collecting particles of a given size 4 be realized to ensure that particles of a given size are captured from the atomized stream liquids, which in combination with other signs allows to achieve a technical result.

The device according to the 2nd embodiment consists of a housing 1 with an internal channel 2, made in the form of a venturi. In a narrow part of the inner channel 2, at an angle of about 90 degrees to the direction of the gas flow, a spray nozzle 3 is located, communicating via a tube 7 with a container with a sprayed liquid 6. Under the inner channel 2 of the housing 1, a receiver is installed to collect particles of a given size 4 from the sprayed liquid. A receiver for collecting particles of a given size 4 communicates via a tube 5 with an additional spray nozzle 8 located in a narrow part of the inner channel 2 at an angle of about 90 degrees to the direction of gas flow in the immediate vicinity of the spray nozzle 3. The device operates as follows. The gas flow passes through the internal channel 2, in its narrow place the flow velocity increases and a vacuum is created. Under the influence of this vacuum, the liquid from the tank 6 enters through the tube 7 to the spray nozzle 3 and flows out of it. A gas stream breaks a stream of liquid flowing out of the spray nozzle 3 into particles of different sizes and carries them along. Fig. 3 shows the trajectories of the movement of large and small particles in a stream of atomized liquid, i.e. In the stream of atomized liquid there is an uneven distribution of large and small particles. The stream of small particles passes by the receiver to collect particles of a given size 4 and then small particles together with the gas stream are carried away from the device. The stream of large particles enters the receiver for collecting particles of a given size 4, where these particles are collected, accumulated and, under the action of aerodynamic forces, are sent through a pipe 5 to an additional atomizing nozzle 8. The output stream of atomized liquid is characterized by the absence of large liquid particles, i.e. is more uniform.

The internal channel 2 is made in the form of a Venturi pipe, this form of the channel allows you to create a vacuum in its narrow part and to ensure the flow of fluid to the spray nozzle 3 and an additional spray nozzle 8. It is possible to make the channel in the form of a cylindrical pipe, tapering confuser, expanding diffuser or otherwise form, but in this case it is necessary to provide a fluid flow to the spray nozzle 3 and the additional spray nozzle 8 by an external pump or by any other known method. It is possible to execute channels that change (rotate) the flow direction, and other versions of the internal channel 2, it is necessary and sufficient that the function is realized the inner channel 2 to provide a gas flow in the inner channel 2 past the spray nozzle 3 and the additional spray nozzle 8, which, in combination with other features, allows to achieve a technical result. The spray nozzle 3 is made in the form of the end of the tube 7.

A different embodiment of the spray nozzle 3 is possible, it is necessary and sufficient that the function of the nozzle is realized to set the direction of the fluid stream flowing from it, which, in combination with other features, allows to achieve a technical result. The angle of the spray nozzle 3 to the direction of gas flow is about 90 degrees. Other values of this angle are possible, it is necessary and sufficient that the liquid stream supplied by the spray nozzle 3 is not parallel to the gas flow, this provides an uneven distribution of large and small particles in the sprayed liquid stream and, in combination with other features, allows to achieve a technical result.

The receiver for collecting particles of a given size 4 is made in the form of the end of the tube 5 located at the end of the gas flow and located under the internal channel 2 of the housing 1 on the corresponding trajectories of the movement of large particles of atomized liquid, to capture small particles of the atomized liquid, the receiver for collecting particles of a given size 4 must be placed on the corresponding trajectories of motion of small particles, i.e. the location of the receiver relative to the flow of the sprayed liquid is determined by the size of the captured particles, and it is possible to install a receiver to collect particles of a given size 4 both in the inner channel 2 of the housing 1 and below it. Possible implementation of the receiver to collect particles of a given size 4, in the form of sockets, rings, plates, part of the inner surface of the channel 2 and another design, it is necessary and sufficient for the receiver function to be realized to collect particles of a given size 4 to ensure that particles of a given size are captured from the sprayed liquid stream, which, in combination with other features, allows to achieve a technical result.

The additional spray nozzle 8 is made in the form of the end of the tube 5. Other execution of the additional spray nozzle 8 is possible, it is necessary and sufficient that the function of the additional nozzle is realized to ensure the flow of liquid from it for re-spraying, which, in combination with other features, allows to achieve a technical result.

An additional spray nozzle 8 is located in a narrow part of the inner channel 2 in the immediate vicinity of the spray nozzle. A different arrangement of the additional spray nozzle 8 is possible, it is necessary and sufficient that the function of the additional nozzle is realized to ensure the outflow of liquid from it for re-spraying, which, in combination with other features, allows to achieve a technical result.

Additional spray nozzle 8 is located at an angle of 90 degrees. Other values of this angle are possible, including zero, i.e. the liquid jet supplied by the additional spray nozzle may be parallel to the gas flow, it is necessary and sufficient that the function of the additional nozzle is realized to ensure the flow of liquid from it for re-spraying, because uneven distribution of large and small particles in the stream of sprayed liquid is provided by the spray nozzle 3

Claims

Claim

1. The method of selective recirculation spraying of the liquid, which consists in the fact that the spraying is carried out by supplying a jet of liquid at an angle to the gas flow, characterized in that the spraying process is supplemented by the process of collecting particles of a given size from the sprayed liquid, forming in accumulated form the liquid that is directed to re-spray.

2. Device for selective recirculation spraying of liquid, comprising a housing with an internal channel, a spray nozzle located at an angle to the direction of gas flow, connected to a container with a sprayed liquid, characterized in that a receiver is installed in the internal channel of the housing or under the housing channel particles of a given size from the sprayed liquid, communicating with the container with the sprayed liquid.

3. Device for selective recirculation spraying of liquid, comprising a housing with an internal channel, a spray nozzle located at an angle to the direction of gas flow, connected to a container with a sprayed liquid, characterized in that a receiver is installed in the internal channel of the housing or under the housing channel particles of a given size from the sprayed liquid, an additional spray nozzle is made in the inner channel of the housing communicating with the receiver to collect particles of a given size from the sprayed liquid .