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WO2007008525B1 - Configurations and methods of integrated ngl recovery and lng liquefaction - Google Patents

Configurations and methods of integrated ngl recovery and lng liquefaction

Info

Publication number
WO2007008525B1
WO2007008525B1 PCT/US2006/026176 US2006026176W WO2007008525B1 WO 2007008525 B1 WO2007008525 B1 WO 2007008525B1 US 2006026176 W US2006026176 W US 2006026176W WO 2007008525 B1 WO2007008525 B1 WO 2007008525B1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
absorber
separator
demethanizer
overhead product
cold
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2006/026176
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2007008525A3 (en
WO2007008525A2 (en
Inventor
John Mak
Graham Curt
Original Assignee
Fluor Tech Corp
John Mak
Graham Curt
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fluor Tech Corp, John Mak, Graham Curt filed Critical Fluor Tech Corp
Priority to EP06786357A priority Critical patent/EP1904801A2/en
Priority to MX2007015604A priority patent/MX2007015604A/en
Priority to EA200800267A priority patent/EA011599B1/en
Priority to AU2006269436A priority patent/AU2006269436B2/en
Priority to CA2614404A priority patent/CA2614404C/en
Publication of WO2007008525A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007008525A2/en
Publication of WO2007008525A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007008525A3/en
Publication of WO2007008525B1 publication Critical patent/WO2007008525B1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
    • F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0035—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by gas expansion with extraction of work
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
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    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
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    • F25J1/0217—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
    • F25J1/0218—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one or more SCR cycles, e.g. with a C3 pre-cooling cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
    • F25J1/0231—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the working-up of the hydrocarbon feed, e.g. reinjection of heavier hydrocarbons into the liquefied gas
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0235—Heat exchange integration
    • F25J1/0237—Heat exchange integration integrating refrigeration provided for liquefaction and purification/treatment of the gas to be liquefied, e.g. heavy hydrocarbon removal from natural gas
    • F25J1/0239—Purification or treatment step being integrated between two refrigeration cycles of a refrigeration cascade, i.e. first cycle providing feed gas cooling and second cycle providing overhead gas cooling
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
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    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
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    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
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    • F25J3/0238—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 2 carbon atoms or more
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being hydrocarbons or a mixture of hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/02—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/12—External refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/60—Closed external refrigeration cycle with single component refrigerant [SCR], e.g. C1-, C2- or C3-hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/66—Closed external refrigeration cycle with multi component refrigerant [MCR], e.g. mixture of hydrocarbons

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

Contemplated plants include a NGL recovery portion and a LNG liquefaction portion, wherein the NGL recovery portion provides a low-temperature and high-pressure overhead product directly to the LNG liquefaction portion. Feed gas cooling and condensation are most preferably performed using refrigeration cycles that employ refrigerants other than the demethanizer/absorber overhead product. Thus, cold demethanizer/absorber overhead product is compressed with the turbo-expansion and delivered to a liquefaction portion at significantly lower temperature and higher pressure without net compression energy expenditure.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS [received by the International Bureau on 31 October 2007 (31.10.2007)]What is claimed is:
1. A gas processing plant, comprising; a separator that is configured to receive a partially expanded vapor portion of a natural gas feed stream, and that is further configured Io produce a cold overhead product stream; an expander operationally coupled to drive a compressor, wherein the expander is configured to produce the partially expanded vapor portion and wherein the compressor is configured to produce a compressed cryogenic overhead product stream from the cold overhead product stream;
wherein the separator and the compressor are fluidly coupled to each other such that the compressed cryogunϊc overhead product stream has a pressure of at least 700 psig at a temperature of no warmer than —50 °F; and a natural gas liquefaction unit that is fluidly coupled to the compressor to receive the cryogenic overhead product stream at about the pressure and at about the temperature.
2. The plant of claim 1 wherein the separator is configured to receive another expanded vapor portion of the natural gas feed stream at a separate location.
3. The plant of claim 1 wherein the separator is configured to operate as a dcmcthanizcr.
4. The plant of claim 3 further comprising a dccthanizer that is configured to produce a C3+ product and a C2 product.
5. The plant of claim 4 further comprising a conduit that provides at least part of the C2 product to the cold overhead product stream,
6. The plant of claim 1 wherein the separator is configured to operate as a rcfluxed absorber.
7. The plant of claim 6 wherein the demethanizer is configured to provide a reilux stream to the absorber.
8. The plant of claim 6 wherein the demethanizer is configured to operate at a lower pressure than the absorber.
9. The plant of claim 6 further comprising at least one of a conduit that provides a cooled absorber bottom product the absorber for C2 recovery and a conduit that provides a heated absorber bottom product the absorber for C 2 rejection.
10. A method of producing a liquefied natural gas, comprising: producing a cold overhead product stream in a separator and compressing the product stream in a compressor without prior substantial heating of the cold overhead product stream; wherein the compressor is driven by an expander that expands a vapor portion of a natural gas feed, and wherein the expanded vapor portion is fed into the separator; and liquefying the cold compressed product stream in a liquefaction unit.
1 1. The method of claim 10 wherein the separator is operated as a demethanizer that further receives another portion of a natural gas feed.
12. The method of claim 10 further comprising a deethanizer that receives a bottom product of the separator and lhat optionally provides a C2 product to the cold overhead product stream.
13. The method, of claim 10 wherein the separator is operated as a reiluxed absorber.
14. The method of claim 1 1 wherein a demethanizer provides a reflux stream to the absorber, wherein the absorber provides a bottom product to the demethanizer, and wherein the demethanizer is operated at a lower pressure than the absorber.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein the absorber bottom product is heated for C2 rejection prior to entering the demethanizer or cooled for C2 recovery prior to entering the demethanizer.
16. The method of claim 14 wherein a decthanizcr receives a bottom product of the demethanizer for C2 and C3+ recovery.
17. The method of claim 10 wherein the cold compressed product stream has a pressure of at least 700 psig and a temperature of no warmer than -50 °F.
18. A method of producing LNG comprising: separating in a separator a cold overhead product from a natural gas contain ing feed gas; compressing the cold overhead product using expansion energy from the feed gas to form a cryogenic vapor at a pressure of between 700 and 900 psig and temperature of between -50 and -80 °F suitable for liquefaction in a liquefaction unit; wherein the cold compressed overhead product is formed at neutral or negative net compression energy requirement.
19. The method of claim 17 wherein the step of separating is performed in an absorber or a demelhanizer,
20. The method of claim 17 wherein the cold compressed overhead product has a pressure of at least 700 psig and a temperature of no warmer than -50 °F.
PCT/US2006/026176 2005-07-07 2006-07-05 Configurations and methods of integrated ngl recovery and lng liquefaction WO2007008525A2 (en)

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EP06786357A EP1904801A2 (en) 2005-07-07 2006-07-05 Configurations and methods of integrated ngl recovery and lng liquefaction
MX2007015604A MX2007015604A (en) 2005-07-07 2006-07-05 Configurations and methods of integrated ngl recovery and lng liquefaction.
EA200800267A EA011599B1 (en) 2005-07-07 2006-07-05 Configurations and methods of integrated ngl recovery and ng liquefaction
AU2006269436A AU2006269436B2 (en) 2005-07-07 2006-07-05 Configurations and methods of integrated NGL recovery and LNG liquefaction
CA2614404A CA2614404C (en) 2005-07-07 2006-07-05 Configurations and methods of integrated ngl recovery and lng liquefaction

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US69746705P 2005-07-07 2005-07-07
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US20070157663A1 (en) 2007-07-12
EA200800267A1 (en) 2008-06-30
US20130061633A1 (en) 2013-03-14
AU2006269436B2 (en) 2009-11-12
WO2007008525A3 (en) 2007-11-08
CA2614404A1 (en) 2007-01-18
EP1904801A2 (en) 2008-04-02
MX2007015604A (en) 2008-02-19
WO2007008525A2 (en) 2007-01-18
AU2006269436A1 (en) 2007-01-18
CA2614404C (en) 2011-05-24
EA011599B1 (en) 2009-04-28

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