WO2006009169A1 - 露光方法及びデバイス製造方法 - Google Patents
露光方法及びデバイス製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006009169A1 WO2006009169A1 PCT/JP2005/013311 JP2005013311W WO2006009169A1 WO 2006009169 A1 WO2006009169 A1 WO 2006009169A1 JP 2005013311 W JP2005013311 W JP 2005013311W WO 2006009169 A1 WO2006009169 A1 WO 2006009169A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- liquid
- exposure method
- exposure
- photosensitive material
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70216—Mask projection systems
- G03F7/70341—Details of immersion lithography aspects, e.g. exposure media or control of immersion liquid supply
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/2041—Exposure; Apparatus therefor in the presence of a fluid, e.g. immersion; using fluid cooling means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
- Y10S430/162—Protective or antiabrasion layer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exposure method for exposing a substrate through a liquid and a device manufacturing method.
- Semiconductor devices and liquid crystal display devices are manufactured by a so-called photolithography technique in which a pattern formed on a mask is transferred onto a photosensitive substrate.
- An exposure apparatus used in this photolithography process includes a mask stage that supports a mask and a substrate stage that supports the substrate, and the mask pattern is transferred via a projection optical system while sequentially moving the mask stage and the substrate stage. Transfer to the substrate.
- the resolution of the projection optical system becomes higher as the exposure wavelength used is shorter and the numerical aperture of the projection optical system is larger. For this reason, the exposure wavelength used in the exposure apparatus has become shorter year by year, and the numerical aperture of the projection optical system has also increased.
- the mainstream exposure wavelength is 248 nm for KrF excimer lasers, and 193 nm for ArF excimer lasers with shorter wavelengths is also being put into practical use.
- the depth of focus (DOF) is as important as the resolution. Resolution and depth of focus ⁇ are expressed by the following equations.
- ⁇ is the exposure wavelength
- ⁇ is the numerical aperture of the projection optical system
- k coefficient is the numerical aperture of the projection optical system
- Patent Document 1 Pamphlet of International Publication No. 99Z49504
- the photosensitive substrate is obtained by coating a photosensitive material on a base material such as a semiconductor wafer.
- the liquid forming the liquid immersion area contacts the substrate, but the peripheral edge of the substrate may not be covered with the photosensitive material.
- the substance that constitutes the substrate surface (underlayer) in that area may elute into the liquid. Since the substance eluted in the liquid acts as an impurity, the liquid containing the impurity contaminates the various equipment components that make up the substrate and the exposure apparatus, affecting the performance of the formed device and the exposure accuracy of the exposure apparatus. There is a possibility of effect.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an exposure method capable of satisfactorily exposing a substrate while maintaining a liquid in a desired state, and exhibiting desired performance using the exposure method.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a device manufacturing method capable of manufacturing a device capable of manufacturing.
- the present invention also provides an exposure method capable of suppressing the intrusion of a liquid having a gap force formed at least part of the periphery of the substrate, and a device manufacturing method capable of manufacturing a device capable of exhibiting a desired performance using the exposure method.
- the purpose is to provide.
- an exposure method in which exposure light (EL) is irradiated onto a substrate (P) through a liquid (LQ) to expose the substrate (P)!
- the surface (1A, 1B, 1C) of the base material (1) constituting the substrate (P) has an effective area (4) covered with the photosensitive material (2), and is outside the effective area (4).
- An exposure method is provided in which at least a part is covered with the predetermined material (3).
- a predetermined area outside the effective area covered with the photosensitive material is coated with the predetermined material on the surface of the base material, and the base material and the liquid do not contact outside the effective area. Because it is made so that the elution of the substance constituting the surface of the base material into the liquid can be suppressed. Then, by using a material that has little influence on the liquid as the predetermined material, the liquid can be maintained in a desired state and the substrate can be exposed well.
- the “effective area” is an area that can be exposed and is covered with a photosensitive material, and can form a pattern with a desired accuracy.
- a substrate (P) is irradiated with exposure light (EL) via a liquid (LQ) on a substrate (P) held by a substrate holding device (PH).
- Exposure method to expose! Then, the substrate holding device (PH) has a flat portion (51) around the substrate (P), and an HMDS layer (7) is formed on the periphery of the substrate (P).
- An exposure method is provided that suppresses the leakage of liquid (LQ) into the gap (A) between the substrate (P) held by PH and the flat portion (51).
- the HMDS layer is formed on the peripheral portion of the substrate, it is possible to suppress the dissolution of a part of the substrate (under the HMDS layer) into the liquid at the peripheral portion of the substrate. I can do it. In addition, it is possible to suppress liquid leakage into the gap between the substrate and the flat portion provided around the substrate.
- the liquid can be exposed while being maintained in a desired state.
- a device can be provided.
- the substrate can be satisfactorily exposed while maintaining the liquid in a desired state, and a device having the desired performance can be manufactured.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a substrate that is an exposure processing target according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram that shows one embodiment of an exposure apparatus.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a substrate stage holding a substrate.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a substrate according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a substrate according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a substrate according to a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a substrate according to a fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a substrate according to a sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a substrate according to a seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a substrate according to an eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram for explaining an apparatus for performing HMDS processing.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining an exposure method according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 13A is a schematic diagram for explaining an exposure method according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 13B is a schematic diagram for explaining an exposure method according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 13C is a schematic diagram for explaining an exposure method according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a substrate according to a ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart for explaining an exposure method according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 16A is a schematic diagram for explaining an exposure method according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 16B is a schematic view for explaining the exposure method according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 16C is a schematic diagram for explaining the exposure method according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 16D is a schematic diagram for explaining an exposure method according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 16E is a schematic diagram for explaining an exposure method according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a substrate according to a tenth embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a substrate according to an eleventh embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a substrate according to a twelfth embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing an example of a microdevice manufacturing process.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a substrate P that is an exposure processing target.
- a substrate P has a base material 1 and a photosensitive material 2 coated on a part of the upper surface 1A of the base material 1.
- the substrate 1 includes a semiconductor wafer (silicon wafer), and the substrate P is exposed based on a liquid immersion method.
- the photosensitive material 2 is coated on a part of the upper surface 1A of the base material 1 with a thickness of about 200 nm, for example, and the surface of the base material 1 constituting the substrate P is coated with the photosensitive material 2 It has an effective area 4 and a non-effective area 5 outside the effective area 4.
- the non-effective area 5 outside the effective area 4 includes the peripheral edge lAs of the upper surface 1A of the base material 1, the side surface 1C of the base material 1, and the lower surface IB facing the upper surface 1A.
- the non-effective area 5 outside the effective area 4 is not covered with the photosensitive material 2. That is, the peripheral edge lAs of the upper surface 1A of the substrate 1, the side surface 1C of the substrate 1, and the lower surface 1B of the substrate 1 are not coated with the photosensitive material 2.
- the peripheral edge lAs of the upper surface 1A of the substrate 1 has a width of, for example, about 3 mm, and the effective area 4 is provided inside the ineffective area 5, Occupies most of the upper surface 1A of the substrate 1. That is, the photosensitive material 2 is covered almost all over the upper surface 1A of the substrate 1 except for the peripheral edge 1As of the upper surface 1A.
- the photosensitive material 2 is coated on the substrate 1 by a predetermined coating method such as a spin coating method.
- a predetermined coating method such as a spin coating method.
- the ineffective area 5 outside the effective area 4 such as the peripheral edge lAs or side surface of the substrate 1
- Photosensitive material 2 is also applied to 1C. If this part comes into contact with a support part such as a transport arm of a transport system for transporting the substrate P or a carrier shelf for storing the substrate P, the photosensitive material 2 may be peeled off.
- the photosensitive material 2 When the photosensitive material 2 is peeled off, it becomes a foreign substance, and if the transfer arm or carrier is contaminated, the contamination may be expanded by the contact of the foreign substance again with the clean substrate P. Further, there may be a phenomenon in which the film of the photosensitive material 2 becomes thicker than the central portion at the peripheral portion of the base material 1. The photosensitive material 2 at the periphery of the base material 1 is easily peeled off, and the peeled photosensitive material 2 becomes a foreign substance. If the foreign substance adheres to the substrate P, the pattern transfer accuracy is affected.
- the photosensitive material 2 such as the peripheral edge lAs and the side surface 1C is removed using, for example, a solvent (edge rinse processing). .
- the photosensitive material 2 is removed at the peripheral edge lAs of the base material 1 (substrate P).
- the ineffective area 5 on the surface of the substrate 1 includes an area where the photosensitive material 2 has been removed by the edge rinse process.
- the process of removing the material film at the peripheral portion of the base material (substrate) out of the predetermined material film formed on the base material (substrate) is appropriately an edge rinse process.
- the edge rinsing process includes a process of removing at least some peripheral portions of the plurality of material films.
- the effective area 4 covered with the photosensitive material 2 is an area that can be exposed and can form a pattern with a desired accuracy. That is, the photosensitive material 2 provided in the effective area 4 includes the environment (temperature'humidity) conditions at the time of coating, film forming conditions, material composition, film thickness conditions, etc. so that a pattern with desired accuracy can be formed. Covered under the specified coating conditions.
- the photosensitive material 2 is covered with a first material 3 different from the photosensitive material 2.
- the first material 3 forms a protective film called a topcoat film on the upper layer of the photosensitive material 2.
- This top coat film protects the photosensitive material 2 from liquid.
- the first material 3 forming the top coat film covers the effective area 4 and the non-effective area 5 outside the effective area 4.
- the first material 3 covers the peripheral edge lAs of the upper surface 1A of the base material 1, the side surface 1C of the base material 1, and the peripheral edge IBs of the lower surface 1B of the base material 1.
- the first material 3 film is sensitive.
- the force shown with almost the same thickness as that of the light material 2 Actually, the thickness is about 20 to 40 nm, which is thinner than the light material 2.
- the photosensitive material 2 for example, P611 1 manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. is used as the photosensitive material 2, and TSP-3A manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. is used as the first material 3, for example.
- the photosensitive material 2 and the first material 3 have liquid repellency with respect to the liquid forming the liquid immersion area when the liquid immersion exposure is performed.
- pure water is used as the liquid forming the liquid immersion region, and therefore, the photosensitive material 2 and the first material 3 are materials having water repellency.
- the contact angle of the liquid (pure water) LQ with respect to the photosensitive material 2 is 60 to 85 °
- the contact angle of the liquid (pure water) with respect to the first material 3 is 90 ° or more.
- the photosensitive material 2 and the first material 3 are insoluble in the liquid LQ and have little influence on the liquid LQ! /, And become a material! /.
- the top coat film is often provided to prevent the liquid in the immersion area from penetrating the photosensitive material 2, but is formed to prevent the liquid from remaining on the substrate P. Sometimes it is done. Further, for example, even if a liquid adheres to the top coat film, and the liquid is vaporized and an adhesion mark (so-called watermark) is formed on the top coat film, the top coat film should be removed after the immersion exposure. Thus, the watermark can be removed together with the top coat film. Then, after removing the watermark together with the top coat film, a predetermined process such as a development process can be performed.
- a predetermined process such as a development process can be performed.
- the first material 3 a fluorine-based resin material such as P6111 manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. can be used, but a strong alkali having high affinity with the developer is used. It is also possible to use a resin material mainly composed of a hydrophilic polymer. As described above, when a resin material mainly composed of a strongly alkaline polymer having a high affinity with the developer is used, the top coat film can be washed off together with the developer, and the fluorine-based material can be washed away. There is no need for a special cleaning process, unlike a topcoat film made of this type of resin material. As the first material 3, HMDS (hexamethyldisilazane) used in the semiconductor manufacturing process may be used.
- HMDS hexamethyldisilazane
- the substrate 1 includes a semiconductor wafer, and the surface of the substrate 1 includes the surface of a silicon substrate.
- a semiconductor wafer or the like Photosensitive material 2 is applied onto substrate 1. After the photosensitive material 2 is applied, an edge rinsing process is performed to remove the photosensitive material 2 on the peripheral edge lAs of the substrate 1. After the edge rinse treatment, a topcoat film (layer) made of the above-described fluorine-based resin material or the first material 3 such as HMDS is formed so as to cover the photosensitive material 2. The film (layer) made of the first material 3 is also formed on the peripheral portion lAs of the base material 1 where the edge rinsing process has been performed. Then, after a predetermined process such as a pre-beta process is performed on the substrate P, an exposure process is performed.
- a predetermined process such as a pre-beta process is performed on the substrate P.
- the exposure apparatus EX includes a mask stage MST that can move while supporting the mask M, and a substrate holder PH that holds the substrate P.
- the exposure apparatus EX holds and transfers the substrate P to the substrate holder PH.
- Illuminating optical system IL that illuminates mask M with exposure light EL, and image of mask M pattern illuminated with exposure light EL substrate stage
- a projection optical system PL that projects onto the substrate P supported by the PST and a control device CONT that controls the overall operation of the exposure apparatus EX are provided.
- the “mask” includes a reticle on which a device pattern to be reduced and projected on the substrate P is formed.
- the illumination optical system IL illuminates the mask M supported by the mask stage MST with the exposure light EL, and is an optical light source that equalizes the illuminance of the exposure light source and the light beam emitted from the exposure light source. It includes an integrator, a condenser lens that collects the exposure light EL from the optical integrator, a relay lens system, and a field stop that sets the illumination area on the mask M by the exposure light EL. A predetermined illumination area on the mask M is illuminated by the exposure light EL having a uniform illuminance distribution by the illumination optical system IL.
- the exposure light EL emitted from the illumination optical system IL includes, for example, bright ultraviolet rays (g-line, h-line, i-line) emitted from a mercury lamp, and far ultraviolet light (DUV light) such as KrF excimer laser light (wavelength 248 nm). ) And vacuum ultraviolet light (VUV light) such as ArF excimer laser light (wavelength 193 nm) and F laser light (wavelength 157 nm).
- ArF excimer laser light is used.
- Mask stage MST is movable while holding mask M, and can move two-dimensionally in a plane perpendicular to optical axis AX of projection optical system PL, that is, in the XY plane, and slightly in the ⁇ Z direction. Small rotation is possible.
- a moving mirror 40 for the laser interferometer 41 is provided for measuring the position of the mask stage MST.
- the position and rotation angle of the mask M on the mask stage M ST in the two-dimensional direction are measured in real time by the laser interferometer 41, and the controller CONT uses a linear motor or the like based on the measurement result of the laser interferometer 41.
- the mask M supported by the mask stage MST is positioned by driving the included mask stage drive mechanism.
- the projection optical system PL projects and exposes the pattern of the mask M onto the substrate P at a predetermined projection magnification of 13, and includes a plurality of optical elements (lenses) LS provided at the front end portion on the substrate P side. These optical elements are supported by a lens barrel PK.
- the projection optical system PL is a reduction system having a projection magnification j8 of, for example, 1Z4, 1/5, or 1Z8.
- the projection optical system PL may be either an equal magnification system or an enlargement system.
- the projection optical system PL may be any of a refraction system that does not include a reflection element, a reflection system that does not include a refraction element, or a catadioptric system that includes a refraction element and a reflection element. Further, the optical element LS at the tip is exposed from the lens barrel PK.
- the substrate stage PST includes a Z stage 52 that holds the substrate P via a substrate holder PH, and an XY stage 53 that supports the Z stage 52.
- the XY stage 53 is supported on the base 54.
- the Z stage 52 is held by the substrate holder PH and can move the substrate P in the Z-axis direction and in the ⁇ X and ⁇ Y directions (inclination directions).
- the XY stage 53 is held by the substrate holder PH and can move the substrate P through the Z stage 52 in the XY direction (direction substantially parallel to the image plane of the projection optical system PL) and the ⁇ Z direction. is there. Needless to say, the Z stage and the XY stage should be integrated.
- the substrate stage PST (Z stage 52) is provided with a moving mirror 42 for a laser interferometer 43 for measuring the position of the substrate stage PST.
- the position and rotation angle of the substrate P on the substrate stage PST in the two-dimensional direction are measured in real time by the laser interferometer 43.
- the control device CONT drives the XY stage 53 via a substrate stage drive mechanism including a linear motor in a two-dimensional coordinate system defined by the laser interferometer 43.
- a substrate stage drive mechanism including a linear motor in a two-dimensional coordinate system defined by the laser interferometer 43.
- the exposure apparatus EX projects the detection light from an oblique direction to the upper surface of the substrate P as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-37149, so that the upper surface of the substrate P is exposed.
- a focus detection system that detects position information is provided.
- the focus detection system can determine the position (focus position) in the Z-axis direction of the upper surface of the substrate P with respect to the image plane of the projection optical system PL, and the inclination of the upper surface of the substrate P.
- the control device CONT drives the Z stage 52 of the substrate stage PST via the substrate stage drive mechanism, and the position (focus position) of the substrate P held in the Z stage 52 in the Z-axis direction and 0 X 0
- the position in the Y direction is controlled, and the upper surface (exposure surface) of the substrate P is aligned with the image plane formed via the projection optical system PL and the liquid LQ.
- the exposure apparatus EX of the present embodiment is an immersion exposure apparatus to which an immersion method is applied in order to improve the resolution by substantially shortening the exposure wavelength and substantially increase the depth of focus.
- An immersion mechanism 100 capable of forming an immersion area AR2 of the liquid LQ on the substrate P is provided.
- the liquid immersion mechanism 100 is provided above the substrate P (substrate stage PST), and is provided on the nozzle member 70 and an annular nozzle member 70 provided so as to surround the optical element LS at the tip of the projection optical system PL.
- a liquid supply mechanism 10 that supplies liquid LQ onto the substrate P via the liquid supply port 12 and a liquid recovery mechanism that recovers the liquid LQ on the substrate P via the liquid recovery port 22 provided on the nozzle member 70. And with 20.
- the liquid supply mechanism 10 is for supplying a predetermined liquid LQ to the image plane side of the projection optical system PL, and includes a liquid supply unit 11 capable of delivering the liquid LQ and one end of the liquid supply unit 11. And a supply pipe 13 to be connected. The other end of the supply pipe 13 is connected to the nozzle member 70.
- the liquid supply unit 11 includes a tank that stores the liquid LQ, a pressure pump, a filter unit, and the like.
- the liquid recovery mechanism 20 is for recovering the liquid LQ on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL, and includes a liquid recovery unit 21 that can recover the liquid LQ, and one end of the liquid recovery unit 21. And a recovery pipe 23 for connecting the parts. The other end of the recovery pipe 23 is connected to the nozzle member 70.
- the liquid recovery unit 21 includes, for example, a vacuum system (suction device) such as a vacuum pump, a gas-liquid separator that separates the recovered liquid LQ and gas, and a tank that stores the recovered liquid LQ.
- the nozzle member 70 is provided above the substrate P (substrate stage PST), and the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70 faces the upper surface of the substrate P.
- the liquid supply port 12 is connected to the nozzle member 70. It is provided on the lower surface 70A of A.
- an internal flow path that connects the supply pipe 13 and the liquid supply port 12 is provided inside the nozzle member 70.
- the liquid recovery port 22 is also provided on the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70, and is provided outside the liquid supply port 12 with respect to the optical axis AX of the projection optical system PL (optical element LS). .
- an internal flow path for connecting the recovery pipe 23 and the liquid recovery port 22 is provided inside the nozzle member 70.
- the operation of the liquid supply unit 11 is controlled by the control device CONT.
- the control device CONT sends the liquid LQ from the liquid supply unit 11, and is provided above the substrate P via the supply pipe 13 and the internal flow path of the nozzle member 70.
- the liquid LQ is supplied onto the substrate P from the liquid supply port 12
- the liquid recovery operation of the liquid recovery unit 21 is controlled by the control device CONT.
- the controller CONT can control the liquid recovery amount per unit time by the liquid recovery unit 21.
- the liquid LQ on the substrate P recovered from the liquid recovery port 22 provided above the substrate P is recovered by the liquid recovery unit 21 via the internal flow path of the nozzle member 70 and the recovery pipe 23.
- the control device CONT uses the liquid LQ supplied from the liquid supply mechanism 10 on the substrate P including the projection area AR1 of the projection optical system PL. At least partially, an immersion area AR2 that is larger than the projection area AR1 and smaller than the substrate P is locally formed.
- the exposure apparatus EX fills the liquid LQ between the optical element LS at the image plane side tip of the projection optical system PL and the upper surface (exposure surface) of the substrate P to form an immersion area AR2.
- the substrate P is exposed by projecting the pattern image of the mask M onto the substrate P through the liquid LQ between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P and the projection optical system PL.
- pure water was used as the liquid LQ forming the liquid immersion area AR2. Pure water can be transmitted even if the exposure light EL is ArF excimer laser light. Pure water can also transmit bright ultraviolet rays (g-line, h-line, i-line) and far ultraviolet light (DU V light) such as KrF excimer laser light (wavelength 248 nm).
- Projection optical system PL optical element LS lower surface LSA and nozzle member 70 lower surface 70A are flat surfaces.
- Projection optical system PL optical element LS lower surface LSA and nozzle The member 70 is substantially flush with the lower surface 70A of the member 70.
- substrate stage PST (Z stay A recess 50 is provided on the die 52), and the substrate holder PH is disposed in the recess 50.
- the upper surface 51 of the substrate stage PST other than the recess 50 is a flat surface that is substantially the same height (level) as the upper surface of the substrate P held by the substrate holder PH.
- the liquid immersion area AR2 can be satisfactorily formed between the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70, the lower surface LSA of the optical element LS, and the substrate P (substrate stage PST). Further, by providing the upper surface 51, even when the peripheral edge of the substrate P is subjected to immersion exposure, the liquid LQ can be held on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL, and the immersion area AR2 can be satisfactorily formed. it can.
- the liquid contact surface (including the lower surface LSA) that contacts the liquid LQ in the liquid immersion area AR2 in the surface of the optical element LS is lyophilic with respect to the liquid LQ.
- the liquid contact surface (including the lower surface 70A) that contacts the liquid LQ in the immersion area AR2 of the nozzle member 70 is also lyophilic with respect to the liquid LQ.
- lyophilic liquids such as MgF, Al 2 O, and SiO are used.
- a lyophilic treatment is performed to coat the liquid contact surface with a 2 2 3 2 material.
- the upper surface 51 of the substrate stage PST is liquid repellent with respect to the liquid LQ.
- a liquid-repellent material such as a fluorine-based resin material or an acrylic resin material is coated on the upper surface 51 of the substrate stage PST. Liquefaction treatment has been performed.
- a material provided in the optical element LS, the nozzle member 70, the substrate stage PST, etc. a material insoluble in the liquid LQ is used.
- the upper surface of the substrate P is also liquid. It has liquid repellency against LQ.
- the liquid immersion area AR2 can be maintained well, and the liquid LQ remains on the upper surface 51 of the substrate P and the upper surface 51 of the substrate stage PST. Can be prevented.
- the upper surface of the substrate P refers to the surface of the uppermost material film among the material films coated on the upper surface 1A of the base material 1.
- the upper surface of the substrate P is the surface of the film formed by the first material 3, and the first material 3 is coated on the photosensitive material 2, and in the form, the substrate P Includes the surface of the film formed by the photosensitive material 2
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the substrate holder PH holding the substrate P.
- the substrate holder PH is formed on the base member 35 and the base member 35 having a bottom surface 35B that is opposed to the lower surface 1B of the base material 1 constituting the substrate P by a predetermined distance.
- peripheral wall portion 33 having an upper surface 33A facing the lower surface 1B, and a support portion 34 formed on a bottom surface 35B inside the peripheral wall portion 33.
- the peripheral wall portion 33 is formed in a substantially annular shape according to the shape of the substrate P.
- the upper surface 33A of the peripheral wall portion 33 is formed so as to face the peripheral edge portion IBs of the lower surface 1B of the base material 1. Further, the upper surface 33A of the peripheral wall portion 33 is a flat surface.
- a plurality of support portions 34 of the substrate holder PH are uniformly provided inside the peripheral wall portion 33.
- the support portion 34 of the substrate holder PH includes a plurality of support pins, and the substrate holder PH constitutes a so-called pin chuck mechanism.
- This pin chuck mechanism includes a suction mechanism including a suction port 41 that creates a negative pressure in the space 31 surrounded by the base member 35, the peripheral wall 33, and the substrate P of the substrate holder PH. By doing so, the substrate P is adsorbed and held by the support portion 34.
- a plurality of suction ports 41 are provided uniformly on the bottom surface 35B of the base member 35.
- a gap (gap) C having a predetermined distance is provided between the inner side surface 50T formed by the concave portion 50 of the Z stage 52 (substrate stage PST) and the outer side surface 33S of the peripheral wall portion 33.
- the edge of the substrate P held by the substrate holder PH and the upper surface 51 of the Z stage 52 (substrate stage PST) provided around the substrate P about 0.1 to 1.
- Omm A gap A having the following distance is formed.
- the gap A is about 0.3 mm.
- the outer wall 33 has an outer diameter smaller than that of the substrate P, and the gap C is larger than the gap A, for example, about 1.5 mm.
- the upper surface 33A of the peripheral wall 33 is a flat surface, and the upper surface 33A is coated with a liquid repellent material such as a fluorine-based resin material and has liquid repellency. Then! Furthermore, in the present embodiment, among the substrate holder PH, the outer side surface 33S of the peripheral wall 33 and the inner side surface 50T of the Z stage 52 are also coated with the liquid repellent material and have liquid repellency! / Talk. Furthermore, the surface of the base member 35 including the surface of the support portion 34 and the bottom surface 35B also has liquid repellency.
- an immersion method is used in which exposure light EL is irradiated onto the substrate P via the projection optical system PL and the liquid LQ to expose the substrate P, and a pattern image of the mask M is applied to the substrate P.
- the pattern image of the mask M is projected onto the effective area 4 on the substrate P.
- the effective region 4 is provided with the photosensitive material 2 coated under a predetermined covering condition so that a pattern with a desired accuracy can be formed. Therefore, by projecting the pattern image of the mask M onto the effective area 4, a device pattern with desired accuracy can be formed on the base material 1 in the effective area 4.
- the gap A is set to the predetermined value (about 0.1 to 1. Omm) and faces the inner side surface 50T of the Z stage 52 forming the gear A and the inner side surface 50T. Since each of the side surfaces of the substrate P (the first material 3 coated on the side surface 1C of the base material 1) is liquid repellent, the infiltration of the liquid LQ from the gap A can be reliably prevented.
- the liquid LQ in the immersion area AR2 is in contact with the peripheral edge of the upper surface of the substrate P. Since the first material 3 is coated on the peripheral edge lAs of the base material 1 so that the peripheral edge lAs of the upper surface 1A of the base material 1 does not contact the liquid LQ, the liquid LQ and the base material 1 do not contact each other. Even when the liquid LQ slightly enters the gap A, the first material 3 is placed on the side surface 1C outside the effective region 4 of the base material 1 so that the side surface 1C does not contact the liquid LQ. Since it is coated, the liquid LQ and the substrate 1 do not come into contact with each other.
- the first material 3 is formed on a part of the lower surface 1B (peripheral portion IBs) of the base material 1.
- the liquid LQ and the base material 1 do not come into contact with each other because they are coated.
- the liquid LQ force that has entered through the gap A may flow into the first space 31 via the gap B formed between the upper surface 33A of the peripheral wall portion 33 and the lower surface 1B of the base material 1.
- the first material 3 is covered with the peripheral portion IBs of the lower surface 1B.
- the first material 3 is located in the region facing the upper surface 33A of the peripheral wall portion 33 of the substrate holder PH on the lower surface 1B of the base material 1. Material 3 is not coated.
- the region of the lower surface 1B of the substrate 1 that faces the upper surface 33A of the peripheral wall portion 33 of the substrate holder PH is also coated with the first material 3 to make it liquid repellent, so that the upper surface 33A of the peripheral wall portion 3 3 It is possible to prevent the liquid LQ from entering through the gap B formed with the lower surface 1B of the base material 1.
- the first material 3 can also be coated on the entire bottom surface 1B of the substrate 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the gap B is adjusted even if the first material 3 is not covered in the region of the lower surface 1B of the substrate 1 that faces the upper surface 33A of the peripheral wall 33 of the substrate holder PH. This prevents the liquid LQ from entering the first space 31 via the gap B.
- a predetermined area outside the effective area 4 covered with the photosensitive material 2 on the surface of the substrate 1 is covered with the first material 3, and the upper surface 1A outside the effective area 4 is covered.
- the surface of the base material 1 including each of the side surface 1C and the lower surface 1B does not come into contact with the liquid LQ, elution of the substance constituting the surface of the base material 1 into the liquid LQ can be suppressed.
- it is the surface of the substrate 1.
- the substance (Si) that forms the silicon substrate may be eluted in the liquid LQ.
- the substance eluted in the liquid LQ acts as an impurity, for example, when the liquid LQ containing the impurity penetrates into the base material 1, it forms a device previously provided on the base material 1. It affects the functional layer and degrades the performance of the device to be formed, or the liquid LQ containing impurities remains on the optical measurement unit (not shown) provided on the substrate stage PST and vaporizes the light. This may cause inconveniences such as forming a watermark on the measurement unit.
- the first material 3 is coated on the outer side of the effective region 4 coated with the photosensitive material 2 in the base material 1 so that the base material 1 and the liquid LQ do not come into contact with each other. LQ and substrate 1 are not in contact.
- the occurrence of the inconvenience can be prevented.
- a material that has little influence on the liquid LQ is used to maintain the liquid LQ in the immersion area AR2 in a desired state and to expose the substrate P satisfactorily. Can do.
- the state in which the film of the photosensitive material 2 is formed on the silicon substrate, that is, the surface of the base material 1 outside the effective region 4 is The force described for the case of the surface of a silicon substrate In some cases, it is an acid film.
- the surface (base) of the base material 1 outside the effective region 4 is an oxide film such as SiO, an insulating film such as SiO or SiNx, Cu or Al—Si that has been generated up to the previous process.
- it may be a metal film such as a conductive film, a semiconductor film such as amorphous Si, or a mixture of these.
- a substance such as metal for example, Si
- Si may be eluted as impurities into the liquid LQ when in contact with the liquid LQ that forms the immersion area AR2. It is effective as in the above embodiment. By covering the outside of the region 4 with the first material 3, it is possible to prevent the elution of such impurities.
- the first material 3 is coated on each of the upper surface 1A, the lower surface 1B, and the side surface 1C of the base material 1, but as shown in FIG. 4, the first material 3 is provided on the lower surface 1B. Instead, only the upper surface 1A and the side surface 1C of the substrate 1 may be covered.
- the photosensitive material 2 on the peripheral edge of the substrate P is removed by the edge rinse process, and after the edge rinse process, the film (layer) made of the first material 3 is the edge rinse. It is formed on the treated part.
- the first material 3 may not be provided on the lower surface 1B and the side surface 1C of the base material 1 but may be covered only on the upper surface 1A including the peripheral edge lAs of the base material 1.
- the photosensitive material 2 on the peripheral edge of the substrate P is removed by the edge rinsing process.
- a film (layer) made of the first material 3 is formed on the part subjected to the edge rinsing process.
- the first material 3 has a force that covers the photosensitive material 2 covered with the effective region 4 as shown in FIG.
- only the peripheral edge lAs outside the effective region 4 may be coated with the first material 3.
- the substrate P can be well exposed while maintaining the liquid LQ in the immersion area AR2 in a desired state.
- the outer peripheral edge of the effective area 4 of the upper surface 1A of the substrate 1 It is also possible to cover at least one of the side surface 1C and the lower surface IB formed by only the part lAs.
- the photosensitive material 2 on the peripheral portion of the substrate P is removed by the edge rinsing process, and after the edge rinsing process, the film (layer) made of the first material 3 is the edge rinsing process. It is formed on the treated part.
- a second material 3 ′ different from the first material 3 may be coated as a predetermined material for coating the surface of the substrate 1.
- the upper surface 1A of the substrate 1 is coated with the first material 3
- the side surface 1C is coated with the second material 3 ′.
- one of the first material 3 and the second material 3 ′ can be a fluorine-based resin material and the other can be HMDS.
- the material to be coated on the non-effective area 5 outside the effective area 4 is not limited to the two types of the first and second materials 3 and 3 ′. It can be covered.
- the photosensitive material 2 on the peripheral edge of the substrate P is removed by the edge rinsing process, and after the edge rinsing process, a film (layer) made of the first material 3 or the second material 3 ′ is used. ) Is formed on the edge-rinsed portion.
- the photosensitive material 2 covering the effective area 4 may be used as a material for coating the outside of the effective area 4.
- the photosensitive material 2 can be coated over the entire region including the peripheral edge 1 As of the upper surface 1A of the substrate 1.
- the photosensitive material 2 when the photosensitive material 2 is coated on each of the effective area 4 and the ineffective area 5 outside the effective area 4 (periphery 1 As), the effective area 4 and the ineffective area are processed in the same process.
- the photosensitive material 2 may be coated almost simultaneously with the photosensitive material 2, and one of the effective area 4 and the ineffective area 5 may be coated with the photosensitive material 2, and the other is coated with the photosensitive material 2. At any time, the photosensitive material 2 may be coated in a separate process.
- the above-mentioned coating conditions for covering the effective area 4 with the photosensitive material 2 and the ineffective area 5 are exposed.
- the above coating conditions for coating the material 2 may be different from each other.
- the photosensitive material 2 may be coated on the side surface 1C of the substrate 1. Furthermore, the light-sensitive material 2 may be coated on the lower surface 1B of the base material 1.
- a film (layer) containing a fluorine-based resin material or HMDS or the like is formed on the peripheral portion (including the peripheral portion and the side surface of the upper surface) of the substrate P. Therefore, as described with reference to FIG. 3 and the like, when the substrate P is held by the substrate holder PH of the substrate stage PST, the elution of the substance from the base material 1 into the liquid LQ is only suppressed. The leakage of the liquid LQ into the gap A between the substrate P and the upper surface 51 of the substrate stage PST provided therearound can be suppressed.
- the substrate holder PH since the liquid LQ is prevented from entering the lower surface side of the substrate P through the gap A between the substrate P and the substrate stage PST, for example, when the lower surface of the substrate P is wet, the substrate holder PH In this case, the substrate P cannot be held satisfactorily, or when the substrate P is unloaded from the substrate holder PH using a specified transport system, the substrate P is transported to hold the lower surface of the substrate P. It is possible to prevent inconveniences such as the system being unable to hold the substrate P well.
- HMDS is relatively inexpensive and is used in the semiconductor manufacturing process to improve the adhesion between the base material 1 such as a semiconductor wafer and the photosensitive material 2, so that existing equipment can be used effectively. Can be used.
- HMDS has liquid repellency (water repellency)
- a layer made of HMD S (hereinafter referred to as HMDS layer) is formed on the upper surface of the substrate P, so that the liquid immersion area AR2 is formed on the substrate P.
- HMDS layer a layer made of HMD S (hereinafter referred to as HMDS layer) is formed on the upper surface of the substrate P, so that the liquid immersion area AR2 is formed on the substrate P. Can be formed satisfactorily.
- an HMDS layer can be formed relatively easily on the side and back surfaces of the substrate 1 (substrate P).
- the liquid LQ leaks into the gap A between the substrate P held by the substrate holder PH and the top surface 51 of the substrate stage PST, or the substrate P.
- the occurrence of inconveniences such as liquid LQ sneaking around the lower surface of the plate can be suppressed.
- 1 (Substrate P )
- An HM DS layer can be formed.
- FIG. 10 is a view showing the substrate P according to the present embodiment.
- a substrate P includes a base material 1 and an HMDS layer 7 formed on the upper surface 1A, the lower surface 1B, and the side surface 1C of the base material 1.
- a film of the photosensitive material 2 is formed in most of the upper surface 1A of the substrate 1 except for the peripheral edge lAs.
- a film of the photosensitive material 2 is formed on the peripheral edge lAs of the upper surface 1A of the substrate 1, the side surface 1C of the substrate 1, and the lower surface 1B of the substrate 1.
- the upper surface of the substrate P refers to the surface (exposed surface) of the uppermost material film among the material films coated on the upper surface 1A of the base material 1. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 10, the upper surface of the substrate P includes the surface of the film formed of the photosensitive material 2 and the surface of the HMDS layer 7 provided around the surface. Further, in the present embodiment, the lower surface of the substrate P refers to the surface (exposed surface) of the material film that is the most surface layer among the material films coated on the lower surface 1B of the base material 1. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 10, the lower surface of the substrate P is the surface of the HMDS layer 7.
- the side surface of the substrate P refers to the surface (exposed surface) of the most surface material film among the material films coated on the side surface 1C of the base material 1. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 10, the side surface of the substrate P is the surface of the HMDS layer 7.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a film forming apparatus 80 for forming an HMDS layer on the substrate 1.
- a coater / developer apparatus CZD is connected to the exposure apparatus EX.
- the coater / developer apparatus CZD includes a coater apparatus that coats the photosensitive material 2 on the substrate 1 and a developer apparatus that develops the substrate P after the exposure process.
- the film forming apparatus 80 is provided in the coater / developer apparatus CZD.
- the film forming apparatus 80 includes a sealed chamber 81, a holding device 82 that is provided in the sealed chamber 81 and holds the base material 1, and a gas supply device 83 that supplies gaseous HMDS to the inside of the sealed chamber 81. Have.
- the holding device 82 can heat the held substrate 1.
- the film forming apparatus 80 supplies gaseous HMDS from the gas supply apparatus 83 to the inside of the sealed chamber 81 in a state where the base material 1 held by the holding apparatus 82 is heated. As a result, the surface of the substrate 1 comes into contact with the gaseous HMDS, and the HMD S layer 7 is formed on the surface of the substrate 1.
- the holding device 82 is The base material 1 is held so that a predetermined space is formed on the back surface side of the base material 1, and the HMDS layer is formed on almost the entire back surface 1B of the base material 1 formed by only the top surface 1A and the side surface 1C of the base material 1. Is formed.
- the process for forming the HMDS layer 7 on the substrate 1 is appropriately referred to as HMDS process.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure
- FIGS. 13A to 13C are schematic diagrams for explaining an example of the processing procedure.
- the HMDS layer 7 is formed on each of the upper surface 1A, the lower surface 1B, and the side surface 1C of the substrate 1 by the film forming apparatus 80 described with reference to FIG. 11 (step SA10). Since the HMDS layer 7 is formed on the base material 1 by contacting the surface of the base material 1 with the gaseous HMDS, the HMDS layer is formed on each of the top surface 1A, the bottom surface 1B, and the side surface 1C of the base material 1. 7 can be formed smoothly.
- FIG. 13A shows the substrate 1 after being treated with HMDS.
- step S A20 the process of applying the photosensitive material 2 onto the HMDS layer 7 of the substrate 1 is performed.
- the film of the photosensitive material 2 is formed on the HMDS layer 7 of the substrate 1 by a predetermined coating method such as a spin coating method by the coater / developer apparatus CZD.
- FIG. 13B shows the substrate P after the light-sensitive material 2 has been applied.
- step SA30 an edge rinsing process for removing the peripheral edge lAs and the photosensitive material 2 on the side surface 1C is performed (step SA30).
- the photosensitive material 2 is removed from the peripheral edge lAs of the base material 1 (substrate P).
- FIG. 13C shows the substrate P after the edge rinsing process.
- the substrate P is subjected to a predetermined process such as a prebeta process (step SA40). Thereafter, the substrate P is transported to the exposure apparatus EX by a predetermined transport system and subjected to exposure processing (step SA50).
- a predetermined process such as a prebeta process
- the edge rinse-treated portion of the peripheral edge of the substrate P is covered with the HMDS layer 7. That is, the HMDS layer 7 formed on the substrate 1 is not removed even when the edge rinse treatment or the prebeta treatment is performed. Therefore, even after the edge rinse treatment is performed, the liquid repellency of the peripheral region on the upper surface of the substrate P can be maintained. Similarly, edge rinse treatment and pre-bake treatment Even after the processing, the side surface and the lower surface of the substrate P are covered with the HMDS layer 7, and the liquid repellency is maintained.
- FIG. 14 is a view showing a substrate P according to this embodiment.
- the substrate P includes the base material 1 and the HMDS layer 7 formed on the upper surface 1A, the lower surface 1B, and the side surface 1C of the base material 1.
- a film of the photosensitive material 2 is formed on most of the upper surface 1A of the substrate 1 except for the peripheral portion lAs.
- the film of the photosensitive material 2 is not formed on the peripheral edge lAs of the upper surface 1A of the substrate 1, the side surface 1C of the substrate 1, and the lower surface IB of the substrate 1.
- a film (topcoat film) of the first material 3 is formed so as to cover the photosensitive material 2.
- the film of the first material 3 is formed so as to cover the photosensitive material 2 and a part of the peripheral portion lAs. Therefore, the HMDS layer 7 is exposed at a part of the peripheral edge 1 As. Further, the film of the first material 3 is not formed on the side surface 1C of the base material 1 and the lower surface IB of the base material 1.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing procedure
- FIGS. 16A to 16E are schematic diagrams for explaining an example of the processing procedure.
- the HMDS layer 7 is formed on each of the upper surface 1A, the lower surface 1B, and the side surface 1C of the substrate 1 by the film forming apparatus 80 described with reference to FIG. 11 (step SA10).
- FIG. 16A shows the substrate 1 after being subjected to the HMDS treatment.
- step S A20 a process of applying the photosensitive material 2 onto the HMDS layer 7 of the substrate 1 is performed.
- the photosensitive material 2 is coated on the HMDS layer 7 of the substrate 1 by a predetermined coating method such as a spin coating method by a coater / developer apparatus CZD.
- FIG. 16B shows the substrate P after the photosensitive material 2 has been applied.
- an edge rinsing process is performed to remove the peripheral edge lAs and the photosensitive material 2 on the side surface 1C (step SA30).
- the photosensitive material 2 is removed from the peripheral edge lAs of the base material 1 (substrate P).
- FIG. 16C shows the substrate P after the edge rinsing process.
- a predetermined process such as a pre-beta process is performed on the substrate P (step SA31).
- a first material 3 for forming a topcoat film is applied on the photosensitive material 2 film of the substrate 1.
- the process to apply is performed (step SA32).
- the first material 3 is applied on the film of the photosensitive material 2 of the substrate 1 by a predetermined coating method such as a spin coating method by the coater / developer apparatus CZD.
- FIG. 16D shows the substrate P after the first material 3 has been applied.
- an edge rinse treatment is performed to remove the first material 3 on the peripheral edge lAs and the side surface 1C.
- Step SA33 As a result, the first material 3 is removed at the peripheral edge lAs of the base material 1 (substrate P).
- FIG. 16E shows the substrate P after the edge rinsing process.
- a predetermined process such as a pre-beta process is performed on the substrate P (step SA40). Thereafter, the substrate P is transported to the exposure apparatus EX by a predetermined transport system and subjected to exposure processing (step SA50).
- the edge-treated part of the peripheral edge of the substrate P is covered with the HMDS layer 7. That is, the HMDS layer 7 formed on the substrate 1 is not removed even when the edge rinse treatment or the prebeta treatment is performed. Therefore, even after the edge rinse treatment is performed, the liquid repellency of the peripheral region on the upper surface of the substrate P can be maintained. Similarly, even after the edge rinsing process or the pre-bake process, the side surface and the lower surface of the substrate P are covered with the HMDS layer 7, and the liquid repellency is maintained.
- the substrate of the photosensitive material 2 and the topcoat film 3 are formed after the HMDS layer 7 is formed on the base material 1, even after the edge rinse treatment is performed, the substrate The desired region on the surface of P (in FIG. 14, almost the entire surface of the substrate P) can be made liquid repellent (water repellent).
- the HMDS layer 7 can be provided in only a part of the region without providing it in the entire region of the lower surface 1B of the substrate 1.
- the HMDS layer 7 is formed so as to cover the peripheral portion IBs of the lower surface 1B of the substrate 1.
- the non-formation region ⁇ without the HMDS treatment for example, the region corresponding to the non-formation region ⁇ on the lower surface 1B of the substrate 1 is covered with a cover (mask), and the film forming apparatus 80
- the base material 1 may be disposed inside the sealed chamber 81 and gaseous HMDS may be supplied into the sealed chamber 81.
- the HMDS layer 7 can be provided only on the side surface 1C and the upper surface 1A without being provided on the lower surface 1B of the substrate 1.
- the base material 1 and the gaseous HMDS can be brought into contact with the area where the HMDS treatment is not desired covered with a cover (mask)!
- the HMDS layer 7 may be provided only on the upper surface 1A, not on the lower surface 1B and the side surface 1C of the substrate 1.
- the edge rinse treatment is performed after the photosensitive material 2 and Z or the topcoat film are formed.
- the HMDS layer 7 is maintained in the desired region at the peripheral edge of the substrate P, and the liquid repellency of the desired region at the peripheral edge of the substrate P (preferably, the static contact angle with respect to the liquid LQ is 60 degrees or more).
- the HMDS layer formed on the substrate 1 may not have the function of improving the adhesion of the photosensitive material 2.
- the HMDS layer may be formed on the upper surface of the base material 1 only in order to provide the peripheral region on the upper surface of the substrate P with liquid repellency.
- the surface of the base material 1 on which the HMDS layer is formed is not limited to the surface of the silicon substrate, but may be an oxide film such as SiO.
- Oxide film such as SiO generated up to the process, insulating film such as SiO and SiNx, Cu and A1—
- It may be a metal film such as Si, a semiconductor film such as amorphous Si, or a mixture of these.
- upper surface 51 of substrate stage PST is the surface and surface of substrate P held by substrate stage PST. It may not be one.
- the base member includes the upper surface 33A of the peripheral wall portion 33, the outer surface 33S, the inner surface 50T of the Z stage 52, and the surface and bottom surface 35 ⁇ of the support portion 34.
- the surface of 35 has liquid repellency, it may have liquid repellency! /, But it may not have liquid repellency, and only a part of them may have liquid repellency.
- the liquid LQ in the present embodiment is composed of pure water.
- Pure water has the advantage that it can be easily obtained in large quantities at a semiconductor manufacturing plant or the like, and that it does not adversely affect the photosensitive material on the substrate and the optical elements (lenses).
- pure water has no harmful effect on the environment and has an extremely low impurity content, so that it cleans the top surface of the substrate and the surface of the optical element provided on the front end surface of the projection optical system PL. Can also be expected. If the purity of the pure water supplied from the factory is low, the exposure apparatus may have an ultrapure water production device.
- the refractive index n of pure water (water) with respect to exposure light EL having a wavelength of about 193 nm is said to be approximately 1. 44, and ArF excimer laser light (wavelength 193 nm) is used as the light source of exposure light EL.
- ArF excimer laser light wavelength 193 nm
- the wavelength is shortened to about 134 nm to obtain a high resolution.
- the projection optical system PL can be used if it is sufficient to ensure the same depth of focus as in the air.
- the numerical aperture can be increased further, and the resolution is improved in this respect as well.
- the numerical aperture NA of the projection optical system may be 0.9 to 1.6. In this way, when the numerical aperture NA of the projection optical system becomes large, it has been used as exposure light from the past! Because random polarization light, the imaging performance may be deteriorated due to the polarization effect. It is desirable to use polarized illumination. In that case, linearly polarized illumination is performed in line with the longitudinal direction of the line pattern of the mask 'reticle' line 'and' space pattern. From the mask (reticle) pattern, the S-polarized component (TE-polarized component), that is, It is preferable to emit a large amount of diffracted light having a polarization direction component along the longitudinal direction of the line pattern.
- TE-polarized component From the mask (reticle) pattern, the S-polarized component (TE-polarized component), that is, It is preferable to emit a large amount of diffracted light having a polarization direction component along the longitudinal direction of the line pattern.
- the space between the projection optical system PL and the photosensitive material applied to the upper surface of the substrate P (base material 1) is filled with liquid, it is applied to the upper surface of the projection optical system PL and the substrate P (base material 1).
- the transmittance of the diffracted light of the S-polarized component (TE-polarized component) which contributes to improving the contrast, on the surface of the photosensitive material is higher. Therefore, high imaging performance can be obtained even when the numerical aperture NA of the projection optical system exceeds 1.0.
- the phase shift mask is more effective if it is appropriately combined with an oblique incidence illumination method (particularly a dipole illumination method) adapted to the longitudinal direction of the line pattern as disclosed in JP-A-6-188169.
- an oblique incidence illumination method particularly a dipole illumination method
- the combination of the linearly polarized illumination method and the dipole illumination method is such that the periodic direction of the line 'and' space pattern is limited to a predetermined direction, or the hole patterns are densely aligned along the predetermined direction. This is effective in such cases.
- the depth of focus (DOF) can be increased by about 150 nm compared to using randomly polarized light.
- an ArF excimer laser is used as exposure light, and a fine line-and-space pattern (for example, a line-and-space of about 25 to 50 nm) using a projection optical system PL with a reduction magnification of about 1Z4.
- a fine line-and-space pattern for example, a line-and-space of about 25 to 50 nm
- a projection optical system PL with a reduction magnification of about 1Z4.
- the mask M acts as a polarizing plate due to the wave guide effect, and the P-polarized component reduces the contrast.
- the diffracted light of the S-polarized component (TE-polarized component) is larger than the diffracted light of the (TM-polarized component), and the mask M force is also emitted.
- the numerical aperture NA of the projection optical system PL is as large as 0.9 to 1.6.
- high resolution performance can be obtained.
- the diffracted light of the S-polarized component (TE-polarized component) is emitted by the mask M force more than the diffracted light of the P-polarized component (TM-polarized component), so the aperture of the projection optical system PL High resolution performance is obtained even when the number NA is as large as 0.9 to 1.3. It can be done.
- a projection optical system can be obtained by using both the polarization illumination method that linearly polarizes in the tangential direction of the circle centered on the optical axis and the annular illumination method. High imaging performance can be obtained even when the numerical aperture NA is large.
- a polarization illumination method and an annular illumination method in which a half-tone phase shift mask with a transmittance of 6% (a pattern with a noise pitch of about 63 nm) is linearly polarized in the tangential direction of a circle centered on the optical axis
- the depth of focus (DOF) is 250 nm rather than using randomly polarized light.
- the optical element LS is attached to the tip of the projection optical system PL, and the optical characteristics of the projection optical system PL, for example, aberration (spherical aberration, coma aberration, etc.) are adjusted by this lens. be able to.
- the optical element attached to the tip of the projection optical system PL may be an optical plate used for adjusting the optical characteristics of the projection optical system PL. Alternatively, it may be a plane parallel plate that can transmit the exposure light EL.
- the space between the projection optical system PL and the upper surface of the substrate P is filled with the liquid LQ.
- a cover glass having parallel plane plate force is applied to the upper surface of the substrate P. Take It may be configured to fill the liquid LQ in the attached state.
- the optical path space on the image plane side of the optical element at the tip is filled with the liquid, but as disclosed in International Publication No. 2004Z019128, It is possible to adopt a projection optical system that fills the optical path space on the object plane side of the optical element with liquid.
- the liquid LQ of this embodiment may be a liquid other than water, which is water.
- the light source of the exposure light EL is an F laser
- the F laser light does not transmit water. So
- liquid LQ for example, perfluorinated polyether (PFPE) and F laser light can be transmitted.
- PFPE perfluorinated polyether
- F laser light can be transmitted.
- the part that comes into contact with the liquid LQ may be a fluorine-based fluid such as fluorine-based oil.
- the part that comes into contact with the liquid LQ for example, has a small polarity including fluorine!
- the film is made lyophilic by forming a thin film with a molecular structure.
- the projection optical system PL and the photosensitive material applied on the upper surface of the substrate P (base material 1) have a high refractive index as much as possible with respect to the exposure light EL. It is also possible to use a stable material (for example, cedar oil). In this case, the surface treatment is performed according to the polarity of the liquid LQ used.
- the liquid LQ may have a refractive index of about 1.6 to 1.8.
- the optical element LSI should be formed of a material with a higher refractive index than quartz or fluorite (eg, 1.6 or higher).
- the substrate P in each of the above embodiments is not limited to a semiconductor wafer for manufacturing a semiconductor device, but also a glass substrate for a display device, a ceramic wafer for a thin film magnetic head, or a mask used in an exposure apparatus.
- Reticle masters synthetic quartz, silicon wafers are applied.
- an exposure apparatus EX in addition to a step-and-scan type scanning exposure apparatus (scanning stepper) that performs mask exposure by moving the mask M and the substrate P in synchronization with each other, a mask is used.
- the present invention can also be applied to a step-and-repeat projection exposure apparatus (steno) in which the pattern of the mask M is collectively exposed while M and the substrate P are stationary, and the substrate P is sequentially moved stepwise.
- a reduced image of the first pattern is projected in a state where the first pattern and the substrate P are substantially stationary (for example, a refraction type including a reflective element at a 1Z8 reduction magnification).
- Throw The present invention can also be applied to an exposure apparatus that uses a shadow optical system to perform batch exposure on the substrate P. In this case, after that, with the second pattern and the substrate P almost stationary, a reduced image of the second pattern is collectively exposed on the substrate P by partially overlapping the first pattern using the projection optical system. It can also be applied to a stitch type batch exposure apparatus.
- the stitch type exposure apparatus can also be applied to a step 'and' stitch type exposure apparatus in which at least two patterns are partially overlapped and transferred on the substrate P, and the substrate P is sequentially moved.
- the present invention can also be applied to a twin stage type exposure apparatus disclosed in JP-A-10-163099, JP-A-10-214783, JP-T 2000-505958, and the like.
- the reference member on which the substrate stage for holding the substrate and the reference mark are formed is used for various photoelectric devices.
- the present invention can also be applied to an exposure apparatus including a measurement stage equipped with a sensor.
- an exposure apparatus that locally fills the liquid between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P is employed.
- the entire surface of the substrate to be exposed is used.
- the present invention can also be applied to an immersion exposure apparatus that is covered with a liquid.
- the structure and exposure operation of an immersion exposure apparatus in which the entire surface of a substrate to be exposed is covered with a liquid are disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 6-124873, 10-303114, and US Pat. No. 5,825,043. Are described in detail.
- the type of exposure apparatus EX is not limited to an exposure apparatus for manufacturing a semiconductor element that exposes a semiconductor element pattern onto a substrate P, but an exposure apparatus for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element or a display, a thin film magnetic head, It can be widely applied to an exposure device for manufacturing an imaging device (CCD) or a reticle or mask.
- CCD imaging device
- force using a light-transmitting mask in which a predetermined light-shielding pattern (or phase pattern 'dimming pattern) is formed on a light-transmitting substrate is used instead of this mask.
- a predetermined light-shielding pattern or phase pattern 'dimming pattern
- an electronic mask that forms a transmission pattern, a reflection pattern, or a light emission pattern based on the electronic data of the pattern to be exposed may be used.
- Oh ,.
- an exposure apparatus that exposes a line 'and' space pattern on the substrate P by forming interference fringes on the substrate P.
- each stage PST, MST may be a type that moves along the guide or a guideless type that does not have a guide.
- each stage PST, MST is driven by electromagnetic force with a magnet mute with two-dimensionally arranged magnets facing an armature unit with two-dimensionally arranged coils.
- either one of the magnet unit or armature unit is connected to the stage PST or MST, and the other of the magnet unit or armature unit is provided on the moving surface side of the stage PST or MST!
- the reaction force generated by the movement of the mask stage MST is not transmitted to the projection optical system PL.
- the frame member may be used to mechanically escape to the floor (ground).
- the exposure apparatus EX provides various subsystems including the respective constituent elements recited in the claims of the present application with predetermined mechanical accuracy, electrical accuracy, and optical accuracy. Manufactured by assembling to keep. In order to ensure these various accuracies, before and after this assembly, various optical systems are adjusted to achieve optical accuracy, various mechanical systems are adjusted to achieve mechanical accuracy, various electrical systems Adjustments are made to achieve electrical accuracy.
- Various subsystem powers The assembly process to the exposure equipment includes mechanical connections, electrical circuit wiring connections, and pneumatic circuit piping connections between the various subsystems. Needless to say, there is an assembly process for each subsystem before the assembly process to the exposure equipment. . When the assembly process of the various subsystems to the exposure apparatus is completed, comprehensive adjustment is performed to ensure various accuracies as the entire exposure apparatus. It is desirable to manufacture the exposure apparatus in a clean room where the temperature and cleanliness are controlled.
- a microdevice such as a semiconductor device is composed of a step 201 for designing the function and performance of the microdevice, a step 202 for producing a mask (reticle) based on the design step, and a substrate of the device.
- Step 203 for manufacturing a substrate substrate processing step 204 for exposing the mask pattern onto the substrate by the exposure apparatus EX of the above-described embodiment, device assembly step (including dicing process, bonding process, and packaging process) 205, inspection step Manufactured through 206 etc.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
- Exposure Of Semiconductors, Excluding Electron Or Ion Beam Exposure (AREA)
- Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR1020067027714A KR101202231B1 (ko) | 2004-07-21 | 2005-07-20 | 노광 방법 및 디바이스 제조 방법 |
EP05766260A EP1783823A4 (en) | 2004-07-21 | 2005-07-20 | EXPOSURE METHOD AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING COMPONENTS |
JP2006529242A JP4677987B2 (ja) | 2004-07-21 | 2005-07-20 | 露光方法及びデバイス製造方法 |
US11/632,855 US7914972B2 (en) | 2004-07-21 | 2005-07-20 | Exposure method and device manufacturing method |
CN2005800156574A CN1954407B (zh) | 2004-07-21 | 2005-07-20 | 曝光方法及组件制造方法 |
IL180840A IL180840A0 (en) | 2004-07-21 | 2007-01-21 | Exposure method and device manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
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JP2004-212756 | 2004-07-21 | ||
JP2004212756 | 2004-07-21 | ||
JP2005190728 | 2005-06-29 | ||
JP2005-190728 | 2005-06-29 |
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WO2006009169A1 true WO2006009169A1 (ja) | 2006-01-26 |
Family
ID=35785276
Family Applications (1)
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PCT/JP2005/013311 WO2006009169A1 (ja) | 2004-07-21 | 2005-07-20 | 露光方法及びデバイス製造方法 |
Country Status (7)
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---|---|
US (1) | US7914972B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1783823A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4677987B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101202231B1 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL180840A0 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI467340B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006009169A1 (ja) |
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US8394572B2 (en) | 2007-11-06 | 2013-03-12 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Method of preparing a substrate for lithography, a substrate, a device manufacturing method, a sealing coating applicator and a sealing coating measurement apparatus |
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US10092016B2 (en) | 2011-07-12 | 2018-10-09 | Pepsico, Inc. | Method of preparing an oat-containing dairy beverage |
WO2014021235A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-06 | Hoya株式会社 | 反射型マスクブランク及びその製造方法、反射型マスクの製造方法、並びに半導体装置の製造方法 |
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US10913963B2 (en) | 2016-03-22 | 2021-02-09 | The Quaker Oats Company | Method and apparatus for controlled hydrolysis |
US11172695B2 (en) | 2016-03-22 | 2021-11-16 | The Quaker Oats Company | Method, apparatus, and product providing hydrolyzed starch and fiber |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2006009169A1 (ja) | 2008-05-01 |
JP4677987B2 (ja) | 2011-04-27 |
IL180840A0 (en) | 2007-06-03 |
US20070196774A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
US7914972B2 (en) | 2011-03-29 |
EP1783823A4 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
KR20070032736A (ko) | 2007-03-22 |
KR101202231B1 (ko) | 2012-11-16 |
TWI467340B (zh) | 2015-01-01 |
TW200619859A (en) | 2006-06-16 |
EP1783823A1 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
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