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WO2006089703A1 - Window system, diagnostic system for combustion processes and combustion chamber - Google Patents

Window system, diagnostic system for combustion processes and combustion chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006089703A1
WO2006089703A1 PCT/EP2006/001524 EP2006001524W WO2006089703A1 WO 2006089703 A1 WO2006089703 A1 WO 2006089703A1 EP 2006001524 W EP2006001524 W EP 2006001524W WO 2006089703 A1 WO2006089703 A1 WO 2006089703A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
window
coating
combustion chamber
window device
oxidation catalyst
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/001524
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Claus Wahl
Original Assignee
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. filed Critical Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V.
Priority to EP06707104A priority Critical patent/EP1851482A1/en
Publication of WO2006089703A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006089703A1/en
Priority to US11/891,299 priority patent/US20080022992A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/06—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
    • B08B17/02—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust
    • B08B17/06—Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust by giving articles subject to fouling a special shape or arrangement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/006—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character
    • C03C17/008—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character comprising a mixture of materials covered by two or more of the groups C03C17/02, C03C17/06, C03C17/22 and C03C17/28
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
    • C03C17/23—Oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M11/00—Safety arrangements
    • F23M11/04—Means for supervising combustion, e.g. windows
    • F23M11/042—Viewing ports of windows
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
    • C03C2217/21—Oxides
    • C03C2217/228—Other specific oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
    • F02P15/006—Ignition installations combined with other systems, e.g. fuel injection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a window device for a space loaded with carbonaceous particles, in particular for a combustion chamber, which has at least one optically transparent window element.
  • window devices of the type described above are necessary.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a window device of the type mentioned, which can be used in a simple manner.
  • this object is achieved in the case of the above-mentioned window device in that the at least one window element is provided with a coating which comprises an oxidation catalyst material for breaking down carbonaceous window contaminants.
  • the window device On the at least one window element of the window device carbon-containing particles such as soot particles may precipitate or it may also form a tar compound on the at least one window element.
  • carbon-containing particles such as soot particles may precipitate or it may also form a tar compound on the at least one window element.
  • a coating of an oxidation catalyst material for carbon is provided.
  • carbon can be catalytically oxidized into volatile constituents, in particular in the combustion of hydrocarbons, so that window contaminants are chemically degradable. This provides a self-cleaning effect for the corresponding window device, which in turn ensures observability.
  • the solution according to the invention makes it possible, for example, to observe direct combustion processes, for example via a diagnostic system. Due to the self-cleaning effect, a high level of reliability is ensured in a quantitative evaluation of the observation. For example, the analysis results can then also be used to control the combustion.
  • the window device according to the invention can be provided as a separate device. It may also be part of an optical diagnostic system, for example, which comprises, for example, one or more optical fibers.
  • a light guide can be a window element and the coating is then arranged on the light guide.
  • the oxidation catalyst material is selected so that above a threshold temperature window contaminants are degradable.
  • window occupancy can be reduced even at lower temperatures.
  • window deposits with carbonaceous material above a temperature of about 300 0 C to 450 0 C are degradable.
  • the oxidation catalyst material comprises in particular a material from the 8th subgroup.
  • the coating may consist of such a material or other materials may be present in the coating. It is also possible that the coating has different oxidation catalyst materials.
  • the coating comprises platinum.
  • Platinum acts as an oxidation catalyst material, through which carbon can be converted chemically into volatile components.
  • the coating may be formed of platinum or comprise platinum.
  • the coating is made of platinum or platinum rodium.
  • yttrium or palladium is used as the oxidation catalyst material.
  • the oxidation catalyst material comprises ceria (CeO 2 ).
  • the coating can be whole or partial
  • a 4 754 t be made of ceria. It is expected that diminishes with ceria as oxy dationskatalysatormaterial the ignition temperature of carbon black at 300 0 C to 35O 0 C.
  • the coating can be easily produced by vapor deposition. As a result, it is possible to produce a layer thickness in the nanometer range or submicrometer range which has a sufficient oxidation catalyst property and, on the other hand, does not significantly impair the transparency of the window element.
  • the coating is subjected to a temperature treatment. This may provide for better adhesion of the corresponding layer;
  • the layer is sintered.
  • the coating forms a surface of the at least one window element, that is, the coating has on the window element to the outside (so that it can point into the combustion chamber).
  • the coating has to the interior of the loaded with carbonaceous particles space to reduce coming from the interior window pollution can.
  • a diagnostic system for combustion processes can be provided which comprises at least one optical sensor and one or more window devices according to the invention. Via the window device with the at least one optically transparent window element, electromagnetic signals can be decoupled and fed to an optical sensor for detection. By the solution according to the invention the signal extraction is ensured.
  • the solution according to the invention may be formed, for example, on a light guide or it may be provided a window device, which is arranged in front of a light guide.
  • the solution according to the invention can be used in particular in connection with a diagnostic system, as described in DE 199 01 795 A1.
  • according to the invention can provide a combustion chamber with a combustion chamber, which is provided with at least one window device according to the invention.
  • combustion chamber of such a combustion chamber can be observed via the at least one window device, with no mechanical cleaning of the
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a
  • Combustion chamber which is provided with an embodiment of a window device according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a diagnostic system, which is arranged on a combustion chamber and
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail enlargement of the diagnostic system according to FIG. 2 in a sectional view.
  • a first embodiment of a window device according to the invention which is designated by 10 in FIG. 1, comprises a window element 12 which is optically transparent.
  • the window element 12 is made of quartz glass, for example.
  • the window element 12 is formed for example in the form of a window pane with parallel spaced planar surfaces 14, 16.
  • the Fe ⁇ sterelement 12 is held for example on a frame 18.
  • the window device 10 is seated on a combustion chamber 20; the frame 18 is fixed to a combustion chamber wall 22 and held therein.
  • the combustion chamber 20 has a combustion chamber 24, which is loaded by carbonaceous particles such as soot particles.
  • carbonaceous particles such as soot particles.
  • the carbonaceous particles formed during combustion (indicated by the reference numeral 26), for example, of hydrocarbons.
  • the window member 12 can be occupied; soot deposits, tar deposits, etc. may form on the window element 12. This degrades the optical transparency.
  • a coating 28 of the window element 12 is provided, which faces the combustion chamber 24.
  • This coating 28 contains an oxidation catalyst material or is formed by means of an oxidation catalyst material, by means of which carbon is catalytically oxidizable to volatile components.
  • the coating 28 is formed by means of platinum or platinum rodium or the coating contains platinum or platinum rodium as the oxidation catalyst material.
  • the coating 28 is formed by means of cerium dioxide (CeO 2 ) or the coating contains ceria as the oxidation catalyst material.
  • the oxidation catalyst material is vapor-deposited onto the window element 12, in particular for producing the coating 28.
  • the coating 28 forms a surface of the window element 12 which points into the combustion chamber 24.
  • a coating is subjected to a temperature treatment after its application in order to ensure a better adhesion of the thus modified coating 28.
  • the layer thickness is in the nanometer range (with a thickness of a few nanometers) or Submikrometer Suite.
  • the layer thickness should be comparable to the wavelength of light and in particular be smaller.
  • a pollution of the window member 12 can be reduced at least above certain temperatures, so that no mechanical cleaning is necessary. For example, it is thereby possible that carbonaceous contaminants are degraded on the window member 12 above a temperature of about 300 0 C to 450 0 C.
  • a window device according to the invention with one or more coated window elements can be arranged directly on a combustion chamber 20. It is also possible that one or more corresponding window devices are arranged on a space communicating with a combustion chamber 20, such as a chimney space.
  • a diagnostic system for combustion processes is provided with one or more window devices according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 An example of a diagnostic system for combustion processes is shown schematically in FIG. 2 and designated there as a whole by 30. It comprises one or more diagnostic elements 32 which can be inserted into a combustion chamber 34 in order to detect electromagnetic radiation occurring in the combustion chamber 34.
  • the combustion chamber 34 is enclosed by a combustion chamber wall 36.
  • the diagnostic system 30 includes in particular one or more optical sensors.
  • the diagnostic element 32 is formed, for example, as a spark plug and includes the usual spark plug elements and functions.
  • a screw-in body 38 is provided, which can be screwed into a threaded bore 40 of the combustion chamber wall 36 and carries a ground electrode 42 on its side facing the combustion chamber 34. Usually, such a ground electrode 42 is bent.
  • the screw-in body 38 has an external thread 39.
  • a 4 754 t In the Einschraubenia 38 a ceramic body 44 is used, which isolates a high-voltage electrode 46 passing through this relative to the Einschraub stresses 38.
  • the high-voltage electrode 46 projects with a front end 48 over the ceramic body 44 and sits at a defined distance from the ground electrode 42 in order to generate the spark.
  • the ceramic body 44 is provided with a plurality of apertures 50 (FIG. 3), which extend from an end region 52 of the ceramic body 44 remote from the screw-in body 38 to a conically tapered front end region 54 of the ceramic body 44 with respect to the screw-in body 38 extend through this, up to a combustion chamber-side opening 56, which is preferably located near the combustion chamber-side end 28 of the high-voltage electrode 46 and in the region of a conical surface 58 of the front end portion 54.
  • the conical surface 58 preferably extends conically with respect to an axis 60 which is simultaneously the central axis of the high-voltage electrode 46.
  • a light guide 62 is inserted, which passes through the respective aperture 50 and ends with a combustion chamber-side optical fiber end 64.
  • the optical fiber end 64 is preferably arranged so that it still in the ceramic body 44 passing through the opening 50 of the combustion chamber side opening 56 thereof, so that between the combustion chamber side optical fiber end 64 and the combustion chamber side opening 56 a portion 66 of the aperture 50 remains, which serves to protect the combustion chamber-side optical fiber end.
  • the section 66 also serves to define an appendix for the electromagnetic radiation entering from the combustion chamber 34, which defines an apparatus A with which a detection of electromagnetic radiation from a spatial section 48 of the combustion chamber 34 is possible.
  • the optical fiber end 64 may be provided with a coating corresponding to the coating 28.
  • a window element is formed over the light guide itself, wherein the coating (indicated by reference numeral 70 in FIG. 3) ensures "self-cleaning" of the light guide end 64 against carbon deposits.
  • a window device 72 is arranged, which comprises a window element with a coating as described above.
  • the window device 72 By means of the window device 72, the section 66 and thus the light guide end 64 are mechanically closed relative to the combustion space 34, so that no carbonaceous particles can reach the light guide end 64.
  • the window device 72 with its oxidation catalyst material coating has a self-cleaning effect as described above.
  • the optical fiber ends 64 are shaped or possibly ground so that an average incident direction E of the electromagnetic radiation from the combustion space 34 forms an angle bisector of the apposition A obliquely to the central axis 60 and preferably also obliquely to a longitudinal direction 74 of the combustion chamber 34
  • a 4 754 t Breakthrough 50 may extend in a subsequent to the section 66 section 76 of the opening 50, wherein this section 76 extends to a combustion chamber 34 facing away opening of the aperture 50, from which, for example, the light guide 62 led out and guided to a diagnostic device 78 ,
  • the diagnosis creation device 60 comprises one or more optical sensors, wherein in particular for each light guide a separate optical sensor is provided.
  • a diagnostic system 30 as described above is disclosed in DE 199 01 795 and further explained there. This document is expressly incorporated by reference.
  • combustion processes in the combustion chamber 34 can be analyzed and a diagnosis can be made. On the basis of the diagnosis, for example, a control or regulation of the combustion processes take place.
  • the window device according to the invention which is formed either over the light guide with the coating 70 or through a separate window device 72
  • an occupancy with carbonaceous material such as soot and / or tar
  • a self-cleaning function can be provided.
  • the optical transparency is ensured, so that light signals can reach the diagnosis creation device 78 with its optical sensors.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Engines (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a window system for a space loaded with carbon-containing particles, in particular for a combustion chamber (24). Said system comprises at least one optically transparent element (12) which has a coating (28) including an oxidation catalyst material which enables carbon-containing window fouling to be degraded.

Description

B E S C H R E I B U N G DESCRIPTION
Fenstervorrichtung, Diagnosesystem für Verbrennungsvorgänge undWindow device, diagnostic system for combustion processes and
Brennkammercombustion chamber
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Fenstervorrichtung für einen mit kohlenstoffhaltigen Partikeln belasteten Raum, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsraum, welche mindestens ein optisch transparentes Fensterelement aufweist.The invention relates to a window device for a space loaded with carbonaceous particles, in particular for a combustion chamber, which has at least one optically transparent window element.
Es kann notwendig sein, Verbrennungsvorgänge zu beobachten. Dazu sind Fenstervorrichtungen der eingangs beschriebenen Art notwendig.It may be necessary to observe combustion processes. For this purpose, window devices of the type described above are necessary.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Fenstervorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, welche sich auf einfache Weise einsetzen läßt.The invention has for its object to provide a window device of the type mentioned, which can be used in a simple manner.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei der eingangs genannten Fenstervorrichtung erfin- dungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das mindestens eine Fensterelement mit einer Beschichtung versehen ist, welche ein Oxidationskatalysatormaterial zum Abbau von kohlenstoffhaltigen Fensterverschmutzungen umfaßt.According to the invention, this object is achieved in the case of the above-mentioned window device in that the at least one window element is provided with a coating which comprises an oxidation catalyst material for breaking down carbonaceous window contaminants.
Auf dem mindestens einen Fensterelement der Fenstervorrichtung können sich kohlenstoffhaltige Partikel wie Rußpartikel niederschlagen oder es kann sich auch eine Teerbelegung auf dem mindestens einen Fensterelement ausbilden. Dadurch wird die Transparenz verschlechtert und im ungünstigsten Falle ist eine Beobachtung des Raums nicht mehr möglich, das heißt die Fenstervorrichtung erfüllt ihre Funktion nicht mehr.On the at least one window element of the window device carbon-containing particles such as soot particles may precipitate or it may also form a tar compound on the at least one window element. As a result, the transparency is deteriorated and in the worst case, an observation of the room is no longer possible, that is, the window device no longer fulfills its function.
Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Beschichtung aus einem Oxidationskatalysator- material für Kohlenstoff vorgesehen. Dadurch läßt sich Kohlenstoff insbesondere bei der Verbrennung von Kohlenwasserstoffen katalytisch in flüchtige Bestandteile oxidieren, so daß Fensterverunreinigungen chemisch abbaubar sind. Dadurch ist ein Selbstreinigungseffekt für die entsprechende Fenster- Vorrichtung bereitgestellt, wodurch wiederum die Beobachtbarkeit sichergestellt ist.According to the invention, a coating of an oxidation catalyst material for carbon is provided. As a result, carbon can be catalytically oxidized into volatile constituents, in particular in the combustion of hydrocarbons, so that window contaminants are chemically degradable. This provides a self-cleaning effect for the corresponding window device, which in turn ensures observability.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung lassen sich beispielsweise Direkt- verbrennungsvorgänge wie beispielsweise über ein Diagnosesystem beob- achten. Durch den Selbstreinigungseffekt ist bei einer quantitativen Auswertung der Beobachtung eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit gewährleistet. Beispielsweise können die Analyseergebnisse dann auch zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung der Verbrennung eingesetzt werden.The solution according to the invention makes it possible, for example, to observe direct combustion processes, for example via a diagnostic system. Due to the self-cleaning effect, a high level of reliability is ensured in a quantitative evaluation of the observation. For example, the analysis results can then also be used to control the combustion.
Die erfindungsgemäße Fenstervorrichtung kann als getrennte Vorrichtung vorgesehen sein. Sie kann auch beispielsweise Teil eines optischen Diagnosesystems sein, welches beispielsweise einen oder mehrere Lichtleiter umfaßt. In diesem Falle kann ein Lichtleiter ein Fensterelement darstellen und die Beschichtung ist dann auf dem Lichtleiter angeordnet.The window device according to the invention can be provided as a separate device. It may also be part of an optical diagnostic system, for example, which comprises, for example, one or more optical fibers. In this case, a light guide can be a window element and the coating is then arranged on the light guide.
Insbesondere ist das Oxidationskatalysatormaterial so gewählt, daß oberhalb einer Grenztemperatur Fensterverschmutzungen abbaubar sind. ÜblicherweiseIn particular, the oxidation catalyst material is selected so that above a threshold temperature window contaminants are degradable. Usually
A 4 754 t bauen sich bei hohen Temperaturen ab ca. 6000C bis 7000C kohlenstoffhaltige Fensterverschmutzungen wie Rußbelegungen und Teerbelegungen von selbst ab. Durch ein Oxidationskatalysatormaterial können solche Fensterbelegungen auch bei tieferen Temperaturen abgebaut werden. Insbesondere sind Fenster- belegungen mit kohlenstoffhaltigem Material oberhalb einer Temperatur von ca. 3000C bis 4500C abbaubar.A 4 754 t build up at high temperatures from about 600 0 C to 700 0 C carbonaceous window contaminants such as soot deposits and Teerbelegungen from. By an oxidation catalyst material such window occupancy can be reduced even at lower temperatures. In particular, window deposits with carbonaceous material above a temperature of about 300 0 C to 450 0 C are degradable.
Das Oxidationskatalysatormaterial umfaßt insbesondere ein Material aus der 8. Nebengruppe. Die Beschichtung kann aus einem solchen Material bestehen oder es können weitere Werkstoffe in der Beschichtung vorhanden sein. Es ist auch möglich, daß die Beschichtung unterschiedliche Oxidationskatalysator- materialien aufweist.The oxidation catalyst material comprises in particular a material from the 8th subgroup. The coating may consist of such a material or other materials may be present in the coating. It is also possible that the coating has different oxidation catalyst materials.
Insbesondere umfaßt die Beschichtung Platin. Platin wirkt als Oxidations- katalysatormaterial, über welches sich Kohlenstoff chemisch in flüchtige Bestandteile wandeln läßt. Die Beschichtung kann aus Platin gebildet sein oder Platin umfassen.In particular, the coating comprises platinum. Platinum acts as an oxidation catalyst material, through which carbon can be converted chemically into volatile components. The coating may be formed of platinum or comprise platinum.
Beispielsweise ist die Beschichtung aus Platin oder Platin-Rodium hergestellt.For example, the coating is made of platinum or platinum rodium.
Es ist auch denkbar, daß als Oxidationskatalysatormaterial beispielsweise Yttrium oder Palladium eingesetzt wird.It is also conceivable that, for example, yttrium or palladium is used as the oxidation catalyst material.
Es kann beispielsweise auch vorgesehen sein, daß das Oxidationskatalysator- material Cerdioxid (CeO2) umfaßt. Die Beschichtung kann ganz oder teilweiseIt may, for example, also be provided that the oxidation catalyst material comprises ceria (CeO 2 ). The coating can be whole or partial
A 4 754 t aus Cerdioxid hergestellt sein. Es wird erwartet, daß durch Cerdioxid als Oxi- dationskatalysatormaterial die Zündtemperatur von Ruß auf 3000C bis 35O0C herabgesetzt wird.A 4 754 t be made of ceria. It is expected that diminishes with ceria as oxy dationskatalysatormaterial the ignition temperature of carbon black at 300 0 C to 35O 0 C.
Die Beschichtung läßt sich auf einfache Weise durch Aufdampfen herstellen. Es läßt sich dadurch eine Schichtdicke im Nanometerbereich oder Submikro- meterbereich herstellen, die eine ausreichende Oxidationskatalysator- eigenschaft hat und andererseits die Transparenz des Fensterelements nicht wesentlich verschlechtert.The coating can be easily produced by vapor deposition. As a result, it is possible to produce a layer thickness in the nanometer range or submicrometer range which has a sufficient oxidation catalyst property and, on the other hand, does not significantly impair the transparency of the window element.
Es kann vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Beschichtung einer Temperaturbehandlung unterzogen ist. Dadurch kann unter Umständen für eine bessere Anhaftung der entsprechenden Schicht gesorgt werden; beispielsweise wird die Schicht eingesintert.It may be advantageous if the coating is subjected to a temperature treatment. This may provide for better adhesion of the corresponding layer; For example, the layer is sintered.
Insbesondere bildet die Beschichtung eine Oberfläche des mindestens einen Fensterelements, das heißt die Beschichtung weist am Fensterelement nach außen (so daß es in den Brennraum weisen kann).In particular, the coating forms a surface of the at least one window element, that is, the coating has on the window element to the outside (so that it can point into the combustion chamber).
Es ist dann günstig, wenn die Beschichtung zum Innenbereich des mit kohlenstoffhaltigen Partikeln belasteten Raums weist, um von dem Innenbereich kommende Fensterverschmutzungen abbauen zu können.It is advantageous if the coating has to the interior of the loaded with carbonaceous particles space to reduce coming from the interior window pollution can.
Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Beschichtung mit einem Material aus der 8. Nebengruppe und insbesondere eine Platinbeschichtung oder platinhaltigeAccording to the invention, a coating with a material from the 8th subgroup and in particular a platinum coating or platinum-containing
A 4 754 t Beschichtung, oder eine Beschichtung mit Cerdioxid, auf einem optisch transparenten Fensterelement zum Abbau von Fensterbelegungen mit kohlenstoffhaltigem Material verwendet.A 4 754 t Coating, or a coating with ceria, used on an optically transparent window element for the degradation of window deposits with carbonaceous material.
Erfindungsgemäß läßt sich ein Diagnosesystem für Verbrennungsvorgänge bereitstellen, welches mindestens einen optischen Sensor und eine oder mehrere erfindungsgemäße Fenstervorrichtungen umfaßt. Über die Fenstervorrichtung mit dem mindestens einen optisch transparenten Fensterelement lassen sich elektromagnetische Signale auskoppeln und einem optischen Sen- sor zur Detektion zuführen. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ist die Signalauskopplung sichergestellt.According to the invention, a diagnostic system for combustion processes can be provided which comprises at least one optical sensor and one or more window devices according to the invention. Via the window device with the at least one optically transparent window element, electromagnetic signals can be decoupled and fed to an optical sensor for detection. By the solution according to the invention the signal extraction is ensured.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung kann beispielsweise an einem Lichtleiter ausgebildet sein oder es kann eine Fenstervorrichtung vorgesehen sein, welche vor einem Lichtleiter angeordnet ist.The solution according to the invention may be formed, for example, on a light guide or it may be provided a window device, which is arranged in front of a light guide.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung läßt sich insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit einem Diagnosesystem einsetzen, wie es in der DE 199 01 795 Al beschrieben ist.The solution according to the invention can be used in particular in connection with a diagnostic system, as described in DE 199 01 795 A1.
Weiterhin läßt sich erfindungsgemäß eine Brennkammer mit einem Verbrennungsraum bereitstellen, welche mit mindestens einer erfindungsgemäßen Fenstervorrichtung versehen ist.Furthermore, according to the invention can provide a combustion chamber with a combustion chamber, which is provided with at least one window device according to the invention.
Der Brennraum einer solchen Brennkammer läßt sich über die mindestens eine Fenstervorrichtung beobachten, wobei keine mechanische Reinigung derThe combustion chamber of such a combustion chamber can be observed via the at least one window device, with no mechanical cleaning of the
A 4A 4
■?f1 9Dnfi Fenstervorrichtung notwendig ist bzw. die Reinigungsintervalle für die mechanische Reinigung erheblich verlängerbar sind. ■ ? F1 9Dnfi Window device is necessary or the cleaning intervals for mechanical cleaning are considerably extended.
Die nachfolgende Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen dient im Zu- sammenhang mit der Zeichnung der näheren Erläuterung der Erfindung. Es zeigen:The following description of preferred embodiments is used in conjunction with the drawings for a more detailed explanation of the invention. Show it:
Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einerFigure 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a
Brennkammer, welche mit einer Ausführungsform einer erfin- dungsgemäßen Fenstervorrichtung versehen ist;Combustion chamber, which is provided with an embodiment of a window device according to the invention;
Figur 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Diagnosesystems, welches an einer Brennkammer angeordnet ist undFigure 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a diagnostic system, which is arranged on a combustion chamber and
Figur 3 eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung des Diagnosesystems gemäß Figur 2 in einer Schnittansicht.FIG. 3 shows a detail enlargement of the diagnostic system according to FIG. 2 in a sectional view.
Ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Fenstervorrichtung, welches in Figur 1 mit 10 bezeichnet ist, umfaßt ein Fensterelement 12, welches optisch transparent ist. Das Fensterelement 12 ist beispielsweise aus Quarzglas hergestellt.A first embodiment of a window device according to the invention, which is designated by 10 in FIG. 1, comprises a window element 12 which is optically transparent. The window element 12 is made of quartz glass, for example.
Das Fensterelement 12 ist beispielsweise in Form einer Fensterscheibe aus- gebildet mit parallel beabstandeten ebenen Oberflächen 14, 16.The window element 12 is formed for example in the form of a window pane with parallel spaced planar surfaces 14, 16.
A 4 754 t Das Feπsterelement 12 ist beispielsweise an einem Rahmen 18 gehalten. Über diesen Rahmen 18 sitzt die Fenstervorrichtung 10 an einer Brennkammer 20; der Rahmen 18 ist an einer Brennkammerwand 22 fixiert und in dieser gehalten.A 4 754 t The Feπsterelement 12 is held for example on a frame 18. About this frame 18, the window device 10 is seated on a combustion chamber 20; the frame 18 is fixed to a combustion chamber wall 22 and held therein.
Die Brennkammer 20 weist einen Verbrennungsraum 24 auf, welcher durch kohlenstoffhaltige Partikel wie Rußpartikel belastet ist. Die kohlenstoffhaltigen Partikel entstehen bei der Verbrennung (angedeutet durch das Bezugszeichen 26) beispielsweise von Kohlenwasserstoffen.The combustion chamber 20 has a combustion chamber 24, which is loaded by carbonaceous particles such as soot particles. The carbonaceous particles formed during combustion (indicated by the reference numeral 26), for example, of hydrocarbons.
Durch die kohlenstoffhaltigen Partikel kann das Fensterelement 12 belegt werden; es können sich Rußablagerungen, Teerablagerungen usw. auf dem Fensterelement 12 bilden. Dadurch verschlechtert sich die optische Transparenz.By the carbonaceous particles, the window member 12 can be occupied; soot deposits, tar deposits, etc. may form on the window element 12. This degrades the optical transparency.
Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Beschichtung 28 des Fensterelements 12 vorgesehen, welche zu dem Verbrennungsraum 24 weist. Diese Beschichtung 28 enthält ein Oxidationskatalysatormaterial oder ist mittels eines Oxidations- katalysatormaterials gebildet, mittels welchem Kohlenstoff katalytisch zu flüchtigen Komponenten oxidierbar ist. Dadurch lassen sich Kohlenstoffbelegungen an dem Fensterelement 12 abbauen, ohne daß eine mechanische Reinigung des Fensterelements 12 zur Aufrechterhaltung des optischer Transparenz notwendig ist.According to the invention, a coating 28 of the window element 12 is provided, which faces the combustion chamber 24. This coating 28 contains an oxidation catalyst material or is formed by means of an oxidation catalyst material, by means of which carbon is catalytically oxidizable to volatile components. As a result, carbon deposits on the window element 12 can be reduced without mechanical cleaning of the window element 12 being necessary to maintain the optical transparency.
Insbesondere ist die Beschichtung 28 mittels Platin oder Platin-Rodium gebildet bzw. die Beschichtung enthält Platin oder Platin-Rodium als Oxidationskatalysatormaterial.In particular, the coating 28 is formed by means of platinum or platinum rodium or the coating contains platinum or platinum rodium as the oxidation catalyst material.
A 4 754 tA 4 754 t
?n Fphrnar 9DDR Es ist beispielsweise auch möglich, daß die Beschichtung 28 mittels Cerdioxid (CeO2) gebildet ist bzw. die Beschichtung enthält Cerdioxid als Oxidations- katalysatormaterial.Fphrnar 9DDR It is also possible, for example, that the coating 28 is formed by means of cerium dioxide (CeO 2 ) or the coating contains ceria as the oxidation catalyst material.
Das Oxidationskatalysatormaterial wird insbesondere zur Herstellung der Beschichtung 28 auf das Fensterelement 12 aufgedampft. Die Beschichtung 28 bildet eine Oberfläche des Fensterelements 12, welche in den Verbrennungsraum 24 weist.The oxidation catalyst material is vapor-deposited onto the window element 12, in particular for producing the coating 28. The coating 28 forms a surface of the window element 12 which points into the combustion chamber 24.
Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß eine Beschichtung nach ihrer Aufbringung einer Temperaturbehandlung unterzogen wird, um für eine bessere Haftung der so modifizierten Beschichtung 28 zu sorgen.It may be provided that a coating is subjected to a temperature treatment after its application in order to ensure a better adhesion of the thus modified coating 28.
Die Schichtdicke liegt im Nanometerbereich (mit einer Dicke von einigen Nano- metern) oder Submikrometerbereich. Die Schichtdicke sollte vergleichbar mit der Wellenlänge von Licht sein und insbesondere kleiner sein.The layer thickness is in the nanometer range (with a thickness of a few nanometers) or Submikrometerbereich. The layer thickness should be comparable to the wavelength of light and in particular be smaller.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung läßt sich eine Verschmutzung des Fensterelements 12 mindestens oberhalb bestimmter Temperaturen abbauen, so daß keine mechanische Reinigung notwendig ist. Beispielsweise ist es dadurch möglich, daß kohlenstoffhaltige Verschmutzungen an dem Fensterelement 12 oberhalb einer Temperatur von ca. 3000C bis 4500C abgebaut werden.The inventive solution, a pollution of the window member 12 can be reduced at least above certain temperatures, so that no mechanical cleaning is necessary. For example, it is thereby possible that carbonaceous contaminants are degraded on the window member 12 above a temperature of about 300 0 C to 450 0 C.
A 4 754 t Eine erfindungsgemäße Fenstervorrichtung mit einem oder mehreren beschichteten Fensterelementen läßt sich direkt an einer Brennkammer 20 anordnen. Es ist auch möglich, daß eine oder mehrere entsprechende Fenstervorrichtungen an einem mit einer Brennkammer 20 in Verbindung stehenden Raum wie beispielsweise einem Kaminraum angeordnet werden.A 4 754 t A window device according to the invention with one or more coated window elements can be arranged directly on a combustion chamber 20. It is also possible that one or more corresponding window devices are arranged on a space communicating with a combustion chamber 20, such as a chimney space.
Beispielsweise kann es auch vorgesehen sein, daß ein Diagnosesystem für Verbrennungsvorgänge mit einer oder mehreren erfindungsgemäßen Fenstervorrichtungen versehen wird.For example, it may also be provided that a diagnostic system for combustion processes is provided with one or more window devices according to the invention.
Ein Beispiel eines Diagnosesystems für Verbrennungsvorgänge ist in der Figur 2 schematisch gezeigt und dort als Ganzes mit 30 bezeichnet. Es umfaßt ein oder mehrere Diagnoseelemente 32, welches in einen Verbrennungsraum 34 einsetzbar ist, um in der Brennkammer 34 auftretende elektromagnetische Strahlung zu detektieren. Der Verbrennungsraum 34 ist von einer Brennkammerwand 36 umschlossen. Das Diagnosesystem 30 umfaßt insbesondere einen oder mehrere optische Sensoren.An example of a diagnostic system for combustion processes is shown schematically in FIG. 2 and designated there as a whole by 30. It comprises one or more diagnostic elements 32 which can be inserted into a combustion chamber 34 in order to detect electromagnetic radiation occurring in the combustion chamber 34. The combustion chamber 34 is enclosed by a combustion chamber wall 36. The diagnostic system 30 includes in particular one or more optical sensors.
Das Diagnoseelement 32 ist beispielsweise als Zündkerze ausgebildet und umfaßt die üblichen Zündkerzenelemente und -funktionen. Beispielsweise ist ein Einschraubkörper 38 vorgesehen, welcher in eine Gewindebohrung 40 der Brennkammerwand 36 einschraubbar ist und auf seiner dem Verbrennungsraum 34 zugewandten Seite eine Masseelektrode 42 trägt. Üblicherweise ist eine solche Masseelektrode 42 gebogen. Der Einschraubkörper 38 weist ein Außengewinde 39 auf.The diagnostic element 32 is formed, for example, as a spark plug and includes the usual spark plug elements and functions. For example, a screw-in body 38 is provided, which can be screwed into a threaded bore 40 of the combustion chamber wall 36 and carries a ground electrode 42 on its side facing the combustion chamber 34. Usually, such a ground electrode 42 is bent. The screw-in body 38 has an external thread 39.
A 4 754 t In dem Einschraubkörper 38 ist ein Keramikkörper 44 eingesetzt, welcher eine diesen durchsetzende Hochspannungselektrode 46 gegenüber dem Einschraubkörper 38 isoliert. Die Hochspannungselektrode 46 steht mit einem vorderen Ende 48 über den Keramikkörper 44 und sitzt in definiertem Abstand von der Massenelektrode 42, um den Zündfunken erzeugen zu können.A 4 754 t In the Einschraubkörper 38, a ceramic body 44 is used, which isolates a high-voltage electrode 46 passing through this relative to the Einschraubkörper 38. The high-voltage electrode 46 projects with a front end 48 over the ceramic body 44 and sits at a defined distance from the ground electrode 42 in order to generate the spark.
Der Keramikkörper 44 ist mit einer Mehrzahl von Durchbrüchen 50 versehen (Figur 3), welche von einem dem Einschraubkörper 38 abgewandten Endbereich 52 des Keramikkörpers 44 bis zu einem sich konisch gegenüber dem Einschraubkörper 38 verjüngenden und in den Verbrennungsraum 34 hineinragenden vorderen Endbereich 54 des Keramikkörpers 44 durch diesen hindurch verlaufen, bis zu einer brennkammerseitigen Öffnung 56, welche vorzugsweise nahe dem brennkammerseitigen Ende 28 der Hochspannungselektrode 46 und im Bereich eines Konusfläche 58 des vorderen Endbereichs 54 liegt. Die Konusfläche 58 verläuft vorzugsweise konisch zu einer Achse 60, welche gleichzeitig die Mittelachse der Hochspannungselektrode 46 ist.The ceramic body 44 is provided with a plurality of apertures 50 (FIG. 3), which extend from an end region 52 of the ceramic body 44 remote from the screw-in body 38 to a conically tapered front end region 54 of the ceramic body 44 with respect to the screw-in body 38 extend through this, up to a combustion chamber-side opening 56, which is preferably located near the combustion chamber-side end 28 of the high-voltage electrode 46 and in the region of a conical surface 58 of the front end portion 54. The conical surface 58 preferably extends conically with respect to an axis 60 which is simultaneously the central axis of the high-voltage electrode 46.
In jedem der Durchbrüche 50 ist ein Lichtleiter 62 eingeführt, welcher den jeweiligen Durchbruch 50 durchsetzt und mit einem brennkammerseitigen Lichtleiterende 64 endet. Das Lichtleiterende 64 ist vorzugsweise so angeordnet, daß dieses noch in dem den Keramikkörper 44 durchsetzenden Durchbruch 50 im Abstand von der brennkammerseitigen Öffnung 56 desselben liegt, so daß zwischen dem brennkammerseitigen Lichtleiterende 64 und der brennkammerseitigen Öffnung 56 ein Abschnitt 66 des Durchbruchs 50 verbleibt, welcher zum Schutz des brennkammerseitigen Lichtleiterendes dient.In each of the apertures 50, a light guide 62 is inserted, which passes through the respective aperture 50 and ends with a combustion chamber-side optical fiber end 64. The optical fiber end 64 is preferably arranged so that it still in the ceramic body 44 passing through the opening 50 of the combustion chamber side opening 56 thereof, so that between the combustion chamber side optical fiber end 64 and the combustion chamber side opening 56 a portion 66 of the aperture 50 remains, which serves to protect the combustion chamber-side optical fiber end.
A 4 754 t Der Abschnitt 66 dient gleichzeitig auch dazu, für die aus dem Verbrennungsraum 34 eintretende elektromagnetische Strahlung eine Appaturblende zu definieren, welche eine Apparatur A festlegt, mit welcher eine Erfassung von elektromagnetischer Strahlung aus einem Raumausschnitt 48 des Verbrennungsraums 34 möglich ist.A 4 754 t At the same time, the section 66 also serves to define an appendix for the electromagnetic radiation entering from the combustion chamber 34, which defines an apparatus A with which a detection of electromagnetic radiation from a spatial section 48 of the combustion chamber 34 is possible.
Das Lichtleiterende 64 kann mit einer Beschichtung entsprechend der Be- schichtung 28 versehen sein. Dadurch ist über den Lichtleiter selber ein Fensterelement gebildet, wobei die Beschichtung (in Figur 3 mit dem Bezugszeichen 70 angedeutet) für eine "Selbstreinigung" des Lichtleiterendes 64 gegenüber Kohlenstoffablagerungen sorgt.The optical fiber end 64 may be provided with a coating corresponding to the coating 28. As a result, a window element is formed over the light guide itself, wherein the coating (indicated by reference numeral 70 in FIG. 3) ensures "self-cleaning" of the light guide end 64 against carbon deposits.
Es ist auch möglich, daß (alternativ oder zusätzlich) an oder in der Nähe der Öffnung 56 eine Fenstervorrichtung 72 angeordnet ist, welche ein Fensterelement mit einer Beschichtung wie oben beschrieben umfaßt. Durch die Fenstervorrichtung 72 ist der Abschnitt 66 und damit das Lichtleiterende 64 gegenüber dem Verbrennungsraum 34 mechanisch abgeschlossen, so daß keine kohlenstoffhaltigen Partikel zu dem Lichtleiterende 64 gelangen können.It is also possible that (alternatively or additionally) at or in the vicinity of the opening 56, a window device 72 is arranged, which comprises a window element with a coating as described above. By means of the window device 72, the section 66 and thus the light guide end 64 are mechanically closed relative to the combustion space 34, so that no carbonaceous particles can reach the light guide end 64.
Die Fenstervorrichtung 72 mit ihrer Oxidationskatalysatormaterial-Beschich- tung hat, wie oben beschrieben, einen Selbstreinigungseffekt.The window device 72 with its oxidation catalyst material coating has a self-cleaning effect as described above.
Die Lichtleiterenden 64 sind so geformt oder gegebenenfalls angeschliffen, daß eine eine Winkelhalbierende der Appatur A bildende mittlere Einfallsrichtung E der elektromagnetischen Strahlung aus dem Verbrennungsraum 34 schräg zur Mittelachse 60 und vorzugsweise auch schräg zu einer Längsrichtung 74 desThe optical fiber ends 64 are shaped or possibly ground so that an average incident direction E of the electromagnetic radiation from the combustion space 34 forms an angle bisector of the apposition A obliquely to the central axis 60 and preferably also obliquely to a longitudinal direction 74 of the combustion chamber 34
A 4 754 t Durchbruchs 50 in einem auf den Abschnitt 66 folgenden Abschnitt 76 des Durchbruchs 50 verlaufen kann, wobei sich dieser Abschnitt 76 bis zu einer dem Verbrennungsraum 34 abgewandt liegenden Öffnung des Durchbruchs 50 erstreckt, aus welcher beispielsweise der Lichtleiter 62 herausgeführt und zu einer Diagnoseerstellungseinrichtung 78 geführt ist.A 4 754 t Breakthrough 50 may extend in a subsequent to the section 66 section 76 of the opening 50, wherein this section 76 extends to a combustion chamber 34 facing away opening of the aperture 50, from which, for example, the light guide 62 led out and guided to a diagnostic device 78 ,
Die Diagnoseerstellungseinrichtung 60 umfaßt einen oder mehrere optische Sensoren, wobei insbesondere für jeden Lichtleiter ein eigener optischer Sensor vorgesehen ist.The diagnosis creation device 60 comprises one or more optical sensors, wherein in particular for each light guide a separate optical sensor is provided.
Ein Diagnosesystem 30 wie oben beschrieben ist in der DE 199 01 795 offenbart und dort weiter erläutert. Auf diese Druckschrift wird ausdrücklich Bezug genommen.A diagnostic system 30 as described above is disclosed in DE 199 01 795 and further explained there. This document is expressly incorporated by reference.
Mit einem solchen Diagnosesystem lassen sich Verbrennungsvorgänge in dem Verbrennungsraum 34 analysieren und es läßt sich eine Diagnose erstellen. Auf Grundlage der Diagnose kann beispielsweise eine Steuerung oder Regelung der Verbrennungsvorgänge erfolgen.With such a diagnostic system, combustion processes in the combustion chamber 34 can be analyzed and a diagnosis can be made. On the basis of the diagnosis, for example, a control or regulation of the combustion processes take place.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Fenstervorrichtung (welche entweder über den Lichtleiter mit der Beschichtung 70 gebildet ist oder durch eine separate Fenstervorrichtung 72) läßt sich eine Belegung mit kohlenstoffhaltigem Material wie Ruß und/oder Teer abbauen, das heißt es läßt sich eine Selbstreinigungsfunktion bereitstellen. Dadurch ist die optische Transparenz ge- währleistet, so daß Lichtsignale zu der Diagnoseerstellungseinrichtung 78 mit ihren optischen Sensoren gelangen kann.By means of the window device according to the invention (which is formed either over the light guide with the coating 70 or through a separate window device 72), an occupancy with carbonaceous material such as soot and / or tar can be reduced, that is to say a self-cleaning function can be provided. As a result, the optical transparency is ensured, so that light signals can reach the diagnosis creation device 78 with its optical sensors.
A 4 754 t A 4 754 t

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCH E PATENT CLAIMS E
1. Fenstervorrichtung für einen mit kohlenstoffhaltigen Partikeln belasteten Raum, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsraum (24; 34), welche mindestens ein optisch transparentes Fensterelement (12; 62) aufweist, dad u rch g eken nzeichnet , daß das mindestens eine Fensterelement (12; 62) mit einer Beschichtung (28; 70) versehen ist, welche ein Oxidationskatalysatormaterial zum Abbau von kohlenstoffhaltigen Fensterverschmutzungen umfaßt.1. Window device for a space loaded with carbonaceous particles, in particular for a combustion chamber (24, 34), which has at least one optically transparent window element (12, 62), characterized in that the at least one window element (12, 62 ) is provided with a coating (28; 70) comprising an oxidation catalyst material for degrading carbonaceous window contaminants.
2. Fenstervorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Oxidationskatalysatormaterial so gewählt ist, daß mindestens oberhalb einer Grenztemperatur Fensterverschmutzungen abbaubar sind.2. Window device according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxidation catalyst material is selected so that at least above a limit temperature window contaminants are degradable.
3. Fenstervorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Oxidationskatalysatormaterial so gewählt ist, daß mindestens oberhalb eines Temperaturbereichs von 3000C bis 45O0C Fensterverschmutzungen abbaubar sind.3. Window device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the oxidation catalyst material is selected so that at least above a temperature range of 300 0 C to 45O 0 C window contaminants are degradable.
4. Fenstervorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Oxidationskatalysatormaterial ein Material aus der 8. Nebengruppe umfaßt.4. Window device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxidation catalyst material comprises a material from the 8th subgroup.
5. Fenstervorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung (28; 70) Platin umfaßt.5. Window device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating (28; 70) comprises platinum.
A 4754 t 6. Fenstervorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung (28; 70) aus Platin oder Platin- Rodium hergestellt ist.A 4754 t 6. Window device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating (28; 70) is made of platinum or platinum-Rodium.
7. Fenstervorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Oxidationskatalysatormaterial Cerdioxid umfaßt.7. Window device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oxidation catalyst material comprises ceria.
8. Fenstervorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung (28; 70) aufgedampft ist.8. Window device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating (28; 70) is vapor-deposited.
9. Fenstervorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung (28; 70) einer Temperaturbehandlung unterzogen ist.9. Window device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating (28; 70) is subjected to a temperature treatment.
10. Fenstervorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung (28; 70) eine Oberfläche des mindestens einen Fensterelements (12; 62) bildet.10. Window device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating (28; 70) forms a surface of the at least one window element (12; 62).
11. Fenstervorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung (28; 70) zum Innenbereich des mit kohlenstoffhaltigen Partikeln belasteten Raums (24; 34) weist.11. Window device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating (28; 70) to the interior of the carbon-containing particles loaded space (24; 34) points.
A 4754 t 12. Verwendung einer Beschichtung mit einem Material aus der 8. Nebengruppe, insbesondere einer Platinbeschichtung oder platinhaltigen Beschichtung, oder mit Cerdioxid, auf einem optisch transparenten Fensterelement zum Abbau von Fensterbelegungen mit kohlenstoffhaltigem Material.A 4754 t 12. Use of a coating with a material from the 8th subgroup, in particular a platinum coating or platinum-containing coating, or with ceria, on an optically transparent window element for reducing window occupancy with carbonaceous material.
13. Diagnosesystem für Verbrennungsvorgänge, umfassend mindestens einen optischen Sensor und eine oder mehrere Fenstervorrichtungen gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11.13. A diagnostic system for combustion processes, comprising at least one optical sensor and one or more window devices according to one of claims 1 to 11.
14. Brennkammer mit einem Verbrennungsraum (24), welcher mit mindestens einer Fenstervorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 versehen ist.14. combustion chamber with a combustion chamber (24), which is provided with at least one window device according to one of claims 1 to 11.
A 4 754 tA 4 754 t
20. Februar 2006 February 20, 2006
PCT/EP2006/001524 2005-02-22 2006-02-21 Window system, diagnostic system for combustion processes and combustion chamber WO2006089703A1 (en)

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