WO2005037529A1

WO2005037529A1 - Method for manufacturing three-dimensional shaped article and three-dimensional shaped article

Info

Publication number: WO2005037529A1
Application number: PCT/JP2004/015359
Authority: WO
Inventors: Juli Yamashita
Original assignee: National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology
Priority date: 2003-10-20
Filing date: 2004-10-18
Publication date: 2005-04-28
Also published as: JPWO2005037529A1; JP4193944B2

Abstract

A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional shaped article, which comprises holding and fixing plural types of shaping materials for a layer at respective shaping positions on a holding sheet capable of holding the shaping materials in a network structure, placing a holding sheet for the next layer on the above fixed shaping materials for the above layer, holding and fixing plural types of shaping materials for the next layer at respective shaping positions, repeating the fixation of the shaping materials for upper layers sequentially, and removing the holding sheets by dissolution (FIG. 1). The above method allows the shaping of a three-dimensional and complex structure which has multi-colors, is made from plural materials and is composed of portions having different harnesses.

Description

Specification

Manufacturing method of 3D object and 3D object

Technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing a three-dimensional object, which is capable of producing a three-dimensional object having a complex structure in which the hardness varies from part to part, of a multicolor 'multimaterial, and a three-dimensional object produced by the method. It relates to a model. In particular, a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional object suitable for forming a three-dimensional object having different hardness in each part in terms of hardness of a material such as a living body model of a human body or an animal and a color-texture and the like. It relates to a three-dimensional structure.

Background art

[0002] As a technique for performing three-dimensional printing, there is a technique called "rapid prototyping (RP)". This technology calculates the cross-sectional shape of a thin slice in the stacking direction using data describing the surface of one three-dimensional shape as a set of triangles (industry standard in the stereolithography field: STL format). This is a technology that forms the shape by solidifying the shape with a resin or the like and laminating it. According to the classification of the Japan RP Industry Association, there are four methods: (1) stereolithography, (2) sheet lamination, (3) melt deposition, and (4) powder fixation. The outline of each method is explained.

[0003] (1) Stereolithography: "Photocurable resin" that is cured by light such as ultraviolet light or laser is used. A thin layer is made in the resin pool, and the part corresponding to the inside of the shape of the layer is cured by irradiating light. The surface of the hardened layer is smoothed out, and a thin layer of resin solution is introduced over it, followed by curing with light, and the shape is formed. In this case, if there is an overhang portion, it is necessary to simultaneously form a support (called "support") that is not necessary for the original shape to be formed, and then remove the support after the formation.

[0004] (2) Thin plate lamination method: A sheet of paper, plastic, or the like, a cut out of a thin metal plate or the like, or a material obtained by solidifying paint or the like on a thin plate is stacked to form a shape. When laminating sheets, the cross-sectional shape is cut one layer at a time with a cutter or laser, and finally the excess is removed. In this case, the overhang is supported by the lower seat, so no support is required. Support when laminating thin sheets cut into cross-sectional shapes Need to be added and removed after molding.

[0005] (3) Melt deposition method (FDM): A molding material such as resin is melted by heat and stretched into a single-part shape and cross-sectional shape to be solidified. There are a method of ejecting a thread-like molding material from a thin nozzle, and a method of ejecting from a head as in an ink jet printer. After shaving off the surface, the next layer is stretched and solidified in the same manner. The point that requires support is the same as that of stereolithography. The material of the force support part is made different from the shape part to be molded, and measures such as dissolving only the support material after molding are devised.

[0006] (4) Powder fixing method: A powdery or particulate material is spread thinly, and a head force paste (called a “binder”) is jetted like an ink jet printer, or light such as a laser is emitted. By irradiating, the powders adhere to each other according to the shape of one cross-section, and are further adhered to each other with a thermosetting photo-curing material. Then, spread the next layer of material thinly and fix it in the same way. Since the overhang is supported by unfixed powder material, no additional support is required. If the unfixed powder material is blown off after molding, the removal of the support is completed. For this reason, no labor is required. By using a mechanism similar to that of an ink jet printer and ejecting colored nozzles, a full-color molded product can be manufactured.

[0007] Conventionally, as known documents related to the three-dimensional printing technology, Patent Document 115 is known. The invention of “a data processing device and method and a three-dimensional printing device and method” described in Patent Document 1 relates to a method of generating a three-dimensional printing object that faithfully reproduces a tactile sensation of an object. The data generation device adds one or both of the touch (texture) information on the surface of the object and the softness information when the object is touched by the surface force to the surface data of each triangle constituting the STL format data described above. Create data with information. On the basis of this, the surface roughness is formed into a concavo-convex shape on the surface of the molded object, or the molding is performed by using materials having different resin particle diameters. Also, in this case, the softness of the shape

(A) Forming a micro-hole structure according to the softness inside the shape,

(B) In the melt deposition method and the powder fixing method, two or more resins with different hardnesses may be mixed! /,

(C) Changing the type of binder in powder solidification molding Is realized.

[0008] Patent Literature 2 describes an invention of a "laminar molding method and a laminar molding apparatus", which is a laminating molding method of molding a three-dimensional object by laminating thin layers of powder formed into a sheet. It is an invention relating to the device. Each thin layer is formed and laminated using electrophotography.

The invention of “three-dimensional molding apparatus and three-dimensional molding method” described in Patent Document 3 similarly forms a three-dimensional cross-sectional shape as a thin layer using an electrophotographic method, and laminates the thin layers. By doing so, a three-dimensional object is formed. These devices use an electronic photo system, such as a copier or a laser printer, to form a single-layer cross-sectional shape from a chargeable powder material on a photosensitive drum and solidify it with heat to form a thin film. A three-dimensional object is formed. If the material is selected properly, the inside of the shape can be made full-color, and it can handle multiple materials such as metals and ceramics.

The invention of “Inorganic pigment ink and its use method and the additive manufacturing method using the inorganic pigment ink” described in Patent Document 4 is applicable to an ink jet printer, and provides vivid coloration. The present invention relates to an additive manufacturing method using an inorganic pigment ink to be used. Since the inorganic pigment ink penetrates the powdery resin layer and the inorganic pigment is dispersed due to its fluidity in the molten state, a substantially uniform colored region is formed even in the thickness direction. ! / Puru. Also mention the reproduction of the color distribution inside the shape.

[0011] Further, the invention of the "molding apparatus and method" described in the cited document 5 is based on the fact that cube beads made of various materials are three-dimensionally stacked and fixed to each other or filled in a transparent case. It is to construct a solid. V, is what constitutes a so-called three-dimensional printer.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-067174

Patent Document 2: JP-A-10-207194

Patent Document 3: JP 2002-347129 A

Patent Document 4: JP 2001-354877 A

Patent Document 5: JP-A-10-029245

Disclosure of the invention Problems the invention is trying to solve

[0012] By the way, in the conventional three-dimensional modeling method, when a three-dimensional object of which the material is different at each part, such as a human body or an animal biological model, is formed, a multi-colored and multi-material, and the rigidity depends on the part. 3D objects with different complicated structures cannot be formed. In the case of three-dimensional modeling of a biological model, the following issues are to be solved. That is, (a) the reproducibility of the color information of the entire model (surface and interior),

(Mouth) Reproducibility of softness and hardness of the entire model (surface and inside)

(C) Securing the degree of freedom of the moldable shape and reducing the trouble of removing the support,

(2) Improve modeling accuracy,

(E) Shortening of molding time,

Need to be considered and resolved. These problems will be described in detail.

[0013] For a biological model such as a human body or an animal, a force that requires a precision model for practicing surgery has been difficult with conventional models because it is too strong to be destroyed by a surgical operation. In addition, the precision of the molding is too rough and the shape is far from the living body. For this reason, it was also difficult for individuals to deal with the details in detail. If it is a modeling method that can create a biological model that reproduces the hardness and color information inside the living body from the data of medical tomographic images (CT, MRI, etc.) of individual patients, surgical methods examination before surgery, rehearsal, medical education It can greatly contribute to such things.

[0014] (a) The problem of reproducibility of color information of the entire model (surface and inside).

There are already molded objects with multicolored surfaces, but when the molded object is cut, the interior is a single color (colorless, material color), and color information is often missing . Therefore, it is required to increase the number of colors inside the modeled object so that the color information is correctly expressed also for the cross section. For this reason, it is necessary to provide a multi-color printing function to the modeling device itself, to develop a data structure that expresses color information inside the modeling object, and to develop software for driving the modeling device based on the data structure. Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, and the like do not describe a data structure or the like for mentioning the possibility of multicoloring.

[0015] (Mouth) Reproducibility of softness and hardness of the entire model (surface and interior)! In current commercial products (printing equipment), the print is formed from a single material. Some molding equipment can use multiple materials at the same time. Force support materials and molded object materials are separated! / There is no molding equipment that can produce a molded object composed of multiple materials. Therefore, the softness of the formed object formed by such a shaping apparatus is basically uniform, although the thinner and thinner portions may be softer depending on the shape of the formed object.

[0016] Patent Document 1 proposes a three-dimensional modeling method in which tactile data is added to each triangle of STL format data to realize three kinds of softness. However, since these are all attached to the data indicating the surface in the STL format, only the tactile sensation when the three-dimensional object is touched by the surface force is reproduced, and the tactile sensation inside the modeled object is reproduced. Is not taken into account. Therefore, it cannot be used to create the required shape and structure for internal structures such as biological models for surgical training. Regarding the details and internal structure, for example, it is necessary to use a data structure having an attribute of softness, but this is not supported.

[0017] (c) The problem of securing the degree of freedom of the moldable shape and reducing the trouble of removing the support.

Further, Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose that the inside of the shape can be made full-color and can be applied to a plurality of materials such as metal ceramics. However, in the lamination method, an object having an overhang is produced. For this purpose, it is necessary to create a support as in the past.

[0018] In general, the support needs to be physically cut off after molding or removed by dissolving with a solvent. When a complex structure such as a living body is formed, it is often difficult to remove the support after the formation. In other words, in this case, there is a problem that the solvent does not enter because the internal cavity is not in communication with the outside, or the structure is fragile and the molded object is destroyed by the impact of breaking off the support. Therefore, it is necessary for support to be unnecessary or to be able to easily remove support.

[0019] (2) Issues regarding improvement in modeling accuracy.

When the process of shaving the unevenness on the surface of the next lower layer with a cutter or the like is included before laminating a new layer, such as the melt deposition method and stereolithography, There is a drawback that the fine part of the film cannot be formed and cannot be formed. In other words, it is not possible to mold very thin or thin objects. When modeling a complex structure such as a living body, it is necessary to model a thin blood vessel wall or a bone wall of about 0.1 mm.

[0020] In particular, in the case of a soft material, it is difficult to accurately hold the material on the side of the modeled object. For example, in the case of a melt deposition method in which a thin nozzle cap material is discharged, when the discharge amount is small, the force at the tip of the nozzle does not settle on the side of the object where the material is separated. In addition, even if it is once settled on the side of the molded object, there is a problem in that it becomes a large ball shape by fusing with a neighboring soft material, and the shape cannot be formed finely or finely!

[0021] (e) Issues regarding shortening of molding time.

With conventional modeling equipment, modeling can only be done with a single material, so in order to manufacture products composed of different materials, a method of assembling parts molded for each material is used. Problem.

[0022] Issues when using RP for regenerative medicine (tissue engineering).

In regenerative medicine, in order to form cells by culturing cells, a skeletal structure called a “scaffold” that serves as a scaffold for cells to grow is required. This is made of a material (polylactic acid or collagen) that can be absorbed into the body after the cells have proliferated.However, in order to have a three-dimensional structure that is the same as that of a living tissue, and to be a scaffold that allows many cells to proliferate, It must be finely porous. For use in regenerative medicine, a sheet-like collagen foam (foam) or the like has conventionally been used as a carrier for a hold. With this force, the three-dimensional shape of a fibrous tissue cannot be reproduced. Therefore, in recent years, RP has been applied to any method, but only the method of creating a single-material scan hold.

[0023] That is, at present, examples using the FDM method (Germany Envisiontec GmBH,

http://www.envisiontec.de/) and a method of forming bone grafts of any shape by laminating sheets of hydroxyapatite and glass as bone materials (Steidle, C. et al.) (University of Dayton, USA ;: Automated Fabrication of Custome Bone Implants Using Rapid Prototyping, Proc. Of 44th International SAMPE Symposium and Exhibition, 1999.http: //www.udri.udayton.edu/rpdl/Bone.htm), How to make a 铸 type of smartphone with RP (Sachlos, E. et al. (University of Oxford, UK): Novel collagen scaffolds with predefined internal morphology made by solid freeform fabrication, Biomaterials, Vol. 24, No. 8, pp. 1487-1497, Elsevier, 2003) (Mironov, V. et al. (Medical University of South Carolina, USA): Organ printing: computer-aided jet-based 3D tissue engineering, TRENDS in Biotechnology, Elsevier, 2003) ing. However, all of the above examples, except for the last one, are limited to the creation of a single-material scan holder.

[0024] The present invention has been made to solve these problems, and an object of the present invention is to form, for example, a three-dimensional object having a complex structure of multi-color 'multi-material with different hardness depending on parts. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a three-dimensional modeled object that can be manufactured. Another object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional structure that is three-dimensional and porous and can be used as a scaffold (scan hold) having a function of a drug, which can be used for regenerative medicine (tissue engineering). Means for solving the problem

[0025] In order to achieve the above object, the method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure, in which a holding sheet capable of holding a forming material in a net structure includes a plurality of layers of a plurality of types of forming materials. The next layer holding sheet is placed on the fixed one layer of the molding material, and the next layer holding sheet is loaded with a plurality of types of the next layer of the molding material. It is held in place and fixed, and the fixing of the modeling material is repeated sequentially for the upper layer, and after the respective layers are laminated, the holding sheet is dissolved and removed. As a result, a three-dimensional modeled object in which one or more modeling materials are held by the porous holding sheet material is obtained. The three-dimensional structure after the porous holding sheet material has been dissolved and removed is a porous structure, which is three-dimensional and porous, and can be used as a scan holder having a function by a drug.

[0026] In the method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure, the holding sheet is a porous sheet or a network structure sheet, and the fixing of the forming material is performed by powder sintering, powder coagulation, melt deposition, light curing. , Thin film lamination, or ink jetting.

[0027] Further, according to the method of producing a three-dimensional structure, the holding sheet is removed by dissolving and removing the heated sheet with a solvent. The holding sheet for holding the modeling material at the modeling position is It is formed by a melt deposition method or a thin film lamination method. The modeling material to be held on one holding sheet is a plurality of different types of modeling materials or a plurality of types of colored modeling materials.

[0028] As described above, in the method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, a thin porous sheet or a net-like sheet is used as a holding sheet for holding a forming material, and each part of the structure is provided on the holding sheet. Depending on the material of the material, the molding material of each material in each color is attached (impregnated) to the holding sheet net structure and held and fixed to form a layer of the shaped object, By stacking these layers, a three-dimensional object is produced. As a result, it is possible to accurately form a three-dimensional object having a complex structure of multiple colors and materials and different hardness portions.

[0029] In the three-dimensional structure manufactured by the method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, the net structure of the holding sheet removed as a cavity remains in the manufactured three-dimensional structure! / It is in a state of falling. The size of this cavity can be changed by changing the thickness and size of the net of the net structure. By this. The rigidity of the manufactured three-dimensional structure can be adjusted to the desired material texture.

[0030] In addition, when a molding material is attached to a holding sheet (porous sheet or net-like sheet) that holds the molding material, even if it is a jelly-like material, it does not flow! / Available as a molding material. The shaping material can be used as long as it has a small amount of softness due to a porous (net-like) sheet, and even if the material has good fixability and a fine shape can be accurately formed. After forming a layer of the modeled object and stacking the formed layers to create a three-dimensional modeled object, the porous sheet or mesh sheet of the holding sheet holding the modeling material is dissolved by heat or a solvent. Remove. Partially, as in the conventional thin plate lamination method, unnecessary portions may be removed by cutting off unnecessary portions with a cutter or a laser. After the porous sheet is dissolved and removed, the holding sheet portion remains as a hole in the modeling material. Since the solvent can also penetrate into the interior, the holding sheet of the porous sheet or mesh sheet can be removed even if the three-dimensional shape data of the modeled object is a complete lumen.

[0031] The features of the three-dimensional structure manufactured here are left after the porous holding sheet is removed (removed by temperature, pressure, solvent (water, water + decomposing enzyme, organic solvent, etc.), light, etc.). The modeling object is Holes are formed where the sheet material comes off, making it porous. The size of the porous hole and the density of the space in this modeled object can be adjusted by the density of the original porous sheet. Therefore, it can be suitably used for forming a scaffold as a scaffold for cells. This satisfies the requirement that a large number of cells must be porous in order to grow sterically, and furthermore, the use of multiple modeling materials can induce different cell differentiation. A plurality of drugs can be arranged three-dimensionally.

The invention's effect

[0032] According to the method for producing a three-dimensional structure of the present invention, a three-dimensional object having a complex structure of multiple colors and multiple materials having different hardnesses can be formed. In particular, the present invention provides a method for producing a three-dimensional structure that can be suitably used when a three-dimensional object made of a material such as a biological model of a human body or an animal is different at each part.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Next, an embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a forming step of a first layer in the method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a forming step of a second layer subsequent to the step of the first layer. It is. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a post-process excluding the holding sheet after the respective layers are stacked.

[0034] In the method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention, a molding operation is performed by the following steps (a) to (d) using an existing molding apparatus of, for example, an ink jet system. That is,

(a) preparation of three-dimensional data including color and material data in the structure of the object to be modeled;

(b) Preparation of modeling materials corresponding to 3D data,

(c) modeling and laminating process of the shaped object for each layer,

(d) After the modeling operation and the stacking operation are completed, the operations of the respective steps are performed in the order of the following steps of removing the holding sheet, and a three-dimensional molded object is manufactured.

[0035] (a) Preparation of three-dimensional data of the modeled object,

When producing a human phantom, a tomographic image such as a CT image is used as the three-dimensional data of the object. In this case, each pixel of the tomographic image is used for 3D printing. Create 3D data that describes the substance information (building material) to be used. For example, when modeling the human nasal cavity-the skull base, each part such as air 'bone' mucous membranes, blood vessels, nerves, muscles, fat, skin, and tumors is also identified by the CT value and positional force of the CT image data. Then, a code (material data) representing a different material is assigned to each. These codes are, for example, kneaded binder in kneaded silicone rubber for blood vessels and fats, jelly-like or grease-like materials for tumors, and calcium carbonate for bones. It is a code that is defined correspondingly to indicate the modeling material such as bone material. From the tomographic image of the three-dimensional data to which the code data is added, a cross-sectional image (for example, X sheets) is cut out corresponding to the thickness of each layer to be formed.

[0036] In addition, the three-dimensional data force for producing a modeled object is a closed polygon (such as STL format data, which is a shape data with a seamless inside and outside that is clearly separated, which is called water tight. ), A code indicating the material is assigned to each closed polyhedron, and it is divided by the thickness of each layer (a holding sheet that holds the modeling material). Create a cross-sectional image.

(B) a step of preparing a modeling material corresponding to each of the three-dimensional data,

As the holding sheet for holding the modeling material, a porous sheet capable of holding the modeling material in a net structure is used. As a material of the porous sheet, for example, water-soluble agar or water-soluble dalcomannan is used. If freeze-dried, it can be easily molded as a porous sheet. As a shaping material for forming hard bones, calcium carbonate powder such as crushed shells is used as a binder (fixing material, water-insoluble resin-based adhesive or thermosetting resin). Use the kneaded material. In addition, as a material for modeling the mucous membrane and blood vessel 'nerve' fat 'skin' tumor part of the soft part, for example, colored silicone rubber of different softness is used to represent the material for each part. . As the silicone rubber, a thermosetting type or a type cured with a curing agent can be used. In addition, if necessary, a water-soluble substance such as -force can be used as a support material.

[0038] In addition, as a material of the porous sheet having a net structure, a starch paste or a sponge containing protein as a main component (such as a sponge cake or fu) can be used.

Materials that can be applied in engineering (regenerative medicine) can be used. In this case, as a binder for fixing the modeling material, a biocompatible material (material that decomposes in a living body) used in tissue engineering (regenerative medicine), such as polylactic acid collagen, is used. As a material for the porous sheet, a water-soluble biocompatible material is used.

[0040] In tissue engineering, the "scan hold" is used as a scaffold for culturing cells.

A “scaffold” is required, and the scaffold is preferably a porous structure to accommodate a large number of cells. For example, in order to regenerate the bone at the portion resected by a tumor or the like, stem cells can be implanted into a bone-shaped scan holder at the defect and transplanted into the patient's body.

RP is effective as a method of manufacturing this skid holder. At present, there are examples of using the FDM method (Envisiontec GmBH, Germany), methods of forming molds by combining RP and lost wax method (Sacholos, E. et al., University of Oxford, UK, 2003), gelation of cells themselves. There is a proposal to laminate while solidifying with "glue".

When the method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention is applied, a mesh sheet made of a water-soluble material is used, and calcium phosphate 'hydroxyapatite, which is a main component of bone, is used as a material for a hard bone part. For example, a biocompatible material kneaded with a substance having a function of promoting cell differentiation into each tissue is used as a material of a portion where a tissue such as a blood vessel is to be formed.

(C) The working process of forming and laminating a formed object for each layer (see FIGS. 1 to 3),

(Step 1) Lay one sheet (one layer) of the holding sheet (porous sheet) holding the modeling material on the pedestal.

(Step 2) A cross-sectional image corresponding to the layer is printed on the holding sheet. That is, printing is performed using the respective modeling materials prepared corresponding to the material data of each part. In this case, a cross-sectional image is printed by ejecting a liquid material to the printer head as in an ink jet printer. Also, a thin nozzle force may be used to extrude the material to print a cross-sectional image as in a melt deposition method. Since the holding sheet for holding the modeling material here is sufficiently thin, the material immediately below and the current layer adhere to each other. To completely prevent adjacent parts from fusing with a small gap (for example, the thickness of one sheet), insert a support material between them. Keep it.

(Step 3) One layer of the molding material held on the holding sheet is fixed. It is solidified by drying, by heating, or by the passage of time.

(Step 4) Next, if necessary, the surface of the sheet is shaved with a cutter or smoothed by pressing with a material such as iron. Lay the holding sheet of the next layer on the smoothed layer, and perform the processing from step 2 for each layer.

(Step 5) Repeat the above (Step 1) and one (Step 4) by the required number (X sheets), and laminate each layer in which each modeling material is fixed to the holding sheet by printing a cross-sectional image.

(D) A post-process of removing the holding sheet after completion of the forming operation and the laminating operation of each layer. In the above-mentioned (Step 5), a three-dimensional structure is produced in a state where the layers including the holding sheet are stacked. Then, the holding sheet is removed. If a water-soluble material is used as the holding sheet, the formed object is immersed in, for example, lukewarm water to form a laminate of the holding sheet (containing the object inside). After the sheet is dissolved, remove the 3D object. The removed three-dimensional object is left in the three-dimensional object in a state in which the net structure of the removed holding sheet remains as a cavity.

[0045] When a water-soluble biocompatible material is used as the porous sheet, a shaped article made of the biocompatible material is obtained after the mesh of the sheet is dissolved. The objects that remain on the traces of the dissolved mesh also have a porous sponge-like structure, which satisfies the requirements for a carrier (cell scaffold).

[0046] For example, a biocompatible material (material that can be degraded in vivo) used in tissue engineering (regeneration medicine), such as polylactic acid or collagen, is used as a binder, and a water-soluble material is used as a porous sheet material. Using a biocompatible material. When making a model of each part of the human body, for example, as a material for a hard bone part, a material obtained by kneading calcium phosphate 'hydroxyapatite, which is a main component of bone, into a biocompatible material is used, and tissues such as blood vessels are used. As a material of a portion to be formed, for example, a biocompatible material into which a substance having a function of promoting cell division into each tissue is used. Such a material is held in a predetermined position according to the material by a porous holding sheet having a net structure, and the respective fixed layers are laminated to produce a three-dimensional structure. Then, when the porous sheet, which is a holding sheet for the molding material, is dissolved and removed, a molded article made of a biocompatible material is obtained. The shaped object that remains on the trace where the mesh is dissolved also has a porous sponge-like structure, which can satisfy the requirements as a scan holder (cell scaffold), and the created 3D object can be used for regenerative medicine . Since various substances kneaded into the biocompatible material, which is a modeling material, are gradually released when the biocompatible material is absorbed in the living body, if a substance that promotes angiogenesis is kneaded, Induction of blood vessel running is also possible.

[0048] As described above, as a holding sheet for impregnating the molding material in the net structure and holding it, the thin porous sheet is impregnated with the molding material, fixed and held, and then laminated to form a multicolored sheet. With many materials, it is possible to model a three-dimensional object with different colors and textures. The method of fixing the modeling material to the porous (net-like) sheet is not limited to powder sintering, powder coagulation, melt deposition, photocuring, thin film lamination, ink jetting, and the like. Even in the case of fragile liquid materials that would normally flow, the amount attached to the porous sheet can be used as a modeling material, greatly expanding the range of material choices.

[0049] Since the porous sheet itself serves as a support, it is not necessary to form the support. Since the porous (net-like) sheet is made of a material that can be dissolved by heat or a solvent, it can be easily removed after molding. Further, the holding sheet may be cut off at an unnecessary portion by using a cutter or a laser similarly to the conventional thin plate lamination method. After the porous sheet is dissolved and removed, a hole remains in the modeling material, and the solvent can also penetrate into the modeling object. The (net-like) sheet can be removed. If necessary, the support may be formed of a material that can be dissolved by heat or a solvent, similarly to the porous sheet.

[0050] Also, since the modeling material is entangled with the porous sheet and fixed, even if the surface of the layer is smoothed with a cutter or the like before laminating the next layer, the fine portion of the modeling object It will not be stripped. In addition, since even a small amount of material or liquid material is entangled with the porous sheet and fixed, it is possible to prevent fixing failure and fusing into a large ball shape, and to reproduce a more precise shape. Objects with a complicated internal structure composed of various materials can be molded in a short time at once. [0051] The flexible material before being solidified as a molding material is a liquid, and if placed close to each other, there is a possibility that the flexible material will fuse together and stick together. Therefore, if a wall is formed between the flexible materials, undesired fusion of materials can be prevented. This separator should be made of the same solvent, water or material that can be melted at a given temperature as the support.

FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a liver model manufactured by the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention. The liver model of the three-dimensional model shown in FIG. 4 has a portion of the liver body 201 formed of a soft modeling material, a blood vessel portion 202 formed of a modeling material that is more durable than the liver body, and a blood vessel portion 202. It is composed of a tumor part 203 molded with a hard molding material. In this way, a three-dimensional structure having a plurality of types of parts each having a different material strength is produced by a laminated structure.

Industrial applicability

[0053] The method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention can be applied to powder sintering, powder solidification, melt deposition, stereolithography, thin film lamination, and the like, which are targets of the RP (rabbit'prototyping) technology. In addition, according to the method of manufacturing the three-dimensional structure, a precise biological model can be formed, and the manufactured biological model can be used as a biological model for medical education, surgery simulation, surgical instrument development, and informant consent.

[0054] The molded article remaining after the porous sheet is removed becomes porous since the portion where the sheet comes off becomes a hole. The size of the porous holes and the density of the space in the modeled object can be adjusted by the density of the original porous sheet. Therefore, the present invention can be suitably used to form a scaffold as a scaffold for cells.

[0055] Furthermore, since a plurality of modeling materials can be used, for example, if various agents for inducing different cell differentiation are mixed with the modeling materials, respectively, a modeling in which different drugs are three-dimensionally arranged is provided. It is possible to create things. As a result, the drug contained gradually is released in the process of decomposing the modeling material in the living body, and it can be used to guide blood vessels to a desired place and to promote tissue separation.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a step of forming a first layer in a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention. is there.

FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a forming step of a second layer following a step of the first layer.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a post-process excluding a holding sheet after laminating each layer.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a liver model manufactured by the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to the present invention.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] Multiple layers of modeling material are held and fixed at each modeling position on a holding sheet that can hold the modeling material in the net structure,

Place the holding sheet of the next layer on the fixed one layer of modeling material,

A plurality of types of molding materials of the next layer are held and fixed at the respective molding positions on the holding sheet of the next layer,

The fixing of the molding material is repeatedly performed sequentially on the upper layer.

Remove the holding sheet after stacking each layer

A method for producing a three-dimensional structure, characterized in that:

[2] The method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1, wherein

The holding sheet is a porous sheet or a net structure sheet.

A method for producing a three-dimensional structure, characterized in that:

[3] The method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1, wherein

The fixing of the molding material is performed by any of the following methods: powder sintering, powder coagulation, melt deposition, light curing, thin film lamination, ink jetting

A method for producing a three-dimensional structure, characterized in that:

[4] The method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1,

The removal of the holding sheet is performed by dissolving and removing by heat or a solvent.

A method for producing a three-dimensional structure, characterized in that:

[5] The method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1, wherein

The holding sheet holding the modeling material is laminated by a melt deposition method or a thin film lamination method.

A method for producing a three-dimensional structure, characterized in that:

[6] The method for producing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1, wherein

The modeling material held by the one-layer holding sheet is a plurality of types of different modeling materials or a plurality of types of colored modeling materials.

A method for producing a three-dimensional structure, characterized in that:

[7] A three-dimensional structure manufactured by the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure according to claim 1. hand,

In the manufactured three-dimensional structure, the net structure of the holding sheet removed as above remains as a cavity.

A three-dimensional structure characterized by the following:

[8] A three-dimensional structure having a laminated structure,

A plurality of types of modeling materials in each layer of the laminated structure constituting the three-dimensional structure are fixed in a state where they are held at respective modeling positions in a holding sheet having a net structure, and the holding sheet in each layer of the laminated structure is fixed. The net structure of the holding sheet becomes hollow when

A three-dimensional structure characterized by the following: