WO2005000371A1 - 有害ガス除去装置 - Google Patents
有害ガス除去装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005000371A1 WO2005000371A1 PCT/JP2004/008984 JP2004008984W WO2005000371A1 WO 2005000371 A1 WO2005000371 A1 WO 2005000371A1 JP 2004008984 W JP2004008984 W JP 2004008984W WO 2005000371 A1 WO2005000371 A1 WO 2005000371A1
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- harmful gas
- air
- gas
- compressor
- harmful
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/265—Drying gases or vapours by refrigeration (condensation)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1487—Removing organic compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for removing harmful gases, and particularly to a method for removing harmful gases that cause malodor and v ⁇ c (volatile organic compound) gases such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and benzene, which have been pointed out as carcinogenic. It is suitable for use in removing.
- v ⁇ c volatile organic compound
- Organic Compound (Volatile Organic Compound) gas changes into lower fatty acids such as acetic acid when passed through a discharge plasma region.
- VOC gas contained in air when VOC gas contained in air is passed through the discharge plasma region, it oxidizes on the surface of manganese dioxide, which is a solid decomposition catalyst, and converts alcohols to aldehydes and aldehydes to lower fatty acids. .
- the manganese dioxide decomposes and generates an odor.
- the inventors of the present application have found that the accumulation of water-soluble lower fatty acids in manganese dioxide, which is a solid decomposition catalyst, generates an odor.
- the first conventional technique has a first problem in that lower fatty acids, which are water-soluble gases, cannot be effectively removed, and it is extremely difficult to remove malodors. .
- the solid catalyst is poisoned.
- gas emitted from tobacco is composed of various types of chemical substances, in addition to carbon monoxide, those that are carcinogenic, such as acetoaldehyde, honolemaldehyde, and benzene, and those that emit odors. Has been done. Therefore, in the device capable of removing only a specific gas as in the second related art, the solid catalyst is poisoned, and it is not possible to remove a plurality of types of gas emitted from cigarettes. Can not be improved.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily and surely remove harmful gases including a water-soluble gas that causes a bad odor.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-5-317639
- the harmful gas removing device of the present invention is a harmful gas removing device for removing harmful gas contained in the air supplied to the ventilation passage, and is disposed at intervals in the ventilation passage.
- the harmful gas is adsorbed on the water films formed on the surfaces of the plurality of collecting units by utilizing the diffusion caused by the concentration gradient of the harmful gas supplied therebetween.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing an example of a configuration of a harmful substance removing apparatus.
- FIG. 2A is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing a first example of a specific configuration of a gas reactor unit.
- FIG. 2B is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing a first example of a specific configuration of a gas reactor unit.
- FIG. 3A is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing a second example of a specific configuration of the gas reactor unit.
- FIG. 3B is a view showing the embodiment of the present invention and showing a third example of a specific configuration of the gas reactor unit.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing a fourth example of a specific configuration of the gas reactor unit.
- FIG. 5A is a front view showing the embodiment of the present invention and showing an example of the configuration of a meandering airflow electrode.
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction I of FIG. 5A, showing the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5C is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 5A, showing the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5D is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention, taken along line III-III in FIG. 5D.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing an example of a specific configuration of a gas adsorption section.
- FIG. 7 shows the embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an operation time (elapsed time) of the harmful substance removing device and a harmful gas removal rate.
- FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which a harmful substance removal device is operated so that the absolute humidity of the air flowing into the gas adsorption section becomes lower than the limit moisture content
- FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram illustrating an example of a relationship between a structure determination parameter and a harmful gas removal rate.
- FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of the present invention, and is a view showing a fifth example of the specific configuration of the gas reactor unit.
- FIG. 11 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing a sixth example of a specific configuration of the gas reactor section.
- FIG. 12 shows the embodiment of the present invention, and is a view showing another example of the specific configuration of the particle removing unit.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a harmful gas removing device according to the present embodiment.
- the harmful gas removing device 10 is provided with a blower 11, a ventilation path 12, a particle removing unit 13 provided as a particle removing unit, a gas reactor unit 14, and an ozone gas removing unit.
- An ozone decomposition catalyst unit 15 a first sensor 16 provided as humidity measurement means, a control unit 17 provided as humidification control means, cooling control means, and path opening / closing control means, and a humidification means.
- the blower 11 is disposed downstream of the ventilation path 12, and serves to suck air in the atmosphere into the ventilation path 12 and discharge the air from the harmful gas removing device 10.
- the air is flowing in the direction of the white arrow.
- the speed of the air in the ventilation path 12 is set to 0.2 mZs.
- the speed of the air in the ventilation path 12 is not limited to this.
- the speed of the air in the ventilation path 12 can be set to lmZs or less, preferably 0.5 mZs or less.
- the particle removing unit 13 is, for example, a HEP A (High
- the gas reactor unit 14 is for forming a discharge plasma region in a predetermined space in the ventilation path 12 to generate radicals.
- the gas contained in the air supplied from the particle removing section 13 to the discharge plasma region causes a chemical reaction such as an oxidation reaction.
- a chemical reaction such as an oxidation reaction.
- water-insoluble gas contained in air is oxidized and changed to water-soluble gas.
- a lower fatty acid gas is generated by oxidizing (part of) VOC gas 1S contained in air in the discharge plasma region.
- ozone gas is generated by forming the discharge plasma region.
- a force that is considered to cause various other chemical reactions is omitted here.
- the gas reactor section 14 includes an insulating plate 201a 201d, a conductive plate electrode 202a 202d, a similarly conductive string electrode 203a-203h, and an AC electrode 204. Review.
- Insulating plates 201a-201d are arranged such that their plate surfaces are in the direction of the air flowing through the ventilation path 12 (the (In the direction of the arrow).
- the insulating plates 201a to 201d are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the cross-sectional direction of the ventilation path 12.
- conductive plate electrodes 202a-202d are provided in these insulating plates 201a-201d.
- the insulating plates 201a to 201d be formed using a material having a relative permittivity and a volume resistivity as large as possible. If the relative dielectric constant is increased, discharge can be easily generated at the mesh electrodes 203a and 203h, and if the volume specific resistance is increased, thermal breakdown in the insulating plate 2 Ola 201d is prevented as much as possible. Because you can.
- the insulating plates 201a to 201d can be formed.
- the insulating plates 201a to 201d can be formed using glass, ceramic, plastic, or the like.
- mesh electrodes 203a to 203h are arranged above and below insulating plates 201a to 201d on which conductive plate electrodes 202a to 202d are provided.
- the AC power supply 204 applies an AC high voltage between the conductive plate electrodes 202a-202d and the mesh electrodes 203a-203h disposed above and below the conductive plate electrodes 202a-202d, respectively. It is for.
- the AC power supply 204 applies an AC voltage having a frequency of 50 Hz (commercial frequency) and an effective value of 10 [kV].
- the discharge plasma generating means is configured by using the yarn lead electrodes 203a to 203h, the plate electrodes 202a to 202d, the insulating plates 201a to 201d, and the AC power supply 204.
- a conductive plate electrode 202a connected to an AC power supply 204 is connected to a conductive plate electrode 202a and mesh electrodes 203a and 203b disposed above and below the conductive plate electrode 202a. It goes without saying that the AC power supply 204 is also connected to the b 202d and the mesh electrodes 203c to 203h disposed above and below the conductive plate electrodes 202b 202d, respectively.
- a set of an insulating plate, a plate electrode, and a mesh electrode is not arranged so as to be stacked, and these sets are arranged upright. It is also possible to set up. In other words, a pair of an insulating plate and a plate electrode and a mesh electrode are arranged so that the ventilation resistance of the air flowing through the gas reactor unit 14 is not biased as much as possible and the ventilation resistance is not increased. If it is provided, it is not always necessary to configure the gas reactor section 14 as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B.
- the force S which has been described as an example in which the gas reactor unit 14 is configured by arranging the mesh electrodes 203a to 203h above and below the plate electrodes 202a to 202d
- the gas reactor unit 14 is not limited to this.
- the mesh electrode 203 for example, a corrugated electrode 203i, 20 ° as shown in FIG. 3A or a zigzag electrode 203k, 203m as shown in FIG. 3B can be used.
- the gas reactor unit 14 can also have a function of maintaining an interval between insulating plates and the like.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a gas reactor unit configured using the meandering airflow electrodes 203n and 203p.
- 5A to 5D are diagrams showing an example of the configuration of the meandering electrode 203 ⁇ .
- FIG. 5A is a front view (rear view) of the meandering electrode 203 ⁇ .
- FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
- FIG. 5C is a cross-sectional view along the II-I direction of FIG. 5 ⁇ .
- FIG. 5D is a cross-sectional view along the III direction of FIG. 5D.
- the meandering electrode 203 ⁇ has the same configuration as the meandering electrode 203 ⁇ .
- the meandering airflow electrodes 203 ⁇ and 203 ⁇ have an uneven shape. Further, the concave portions formed on the airflow meandering electrodes 203 ⁇ , 203 ⁇ have a meandering shape in the depth direction (the direction of the white arrow in FIG. 5 ⁇ ). Then, the meandering airflow electrodes 203 ⁇ and 203 ⁇ having such a shape are arranged so that the depth direction thereof is along the air flowing through the ventilation passage 12.
- the meandering airflow electrodes 203 ⁇ and 203 ⁇ arranged as described above have a larger specific surface area than the electrodes shown in Figs. 2A, 2B, and 3A. Therefore, heat dissipation in the meandering airflow electrodes 203 ⁇ , 203 ⁇ can be made as large as possible, and the temperature distribution in the meandering airflow electrodes 203 ⁇ , 203 ⁇ can be made as uniform as possible. Thereby, it is possible to prevent insulation deterioration of the insulating plates 201a and 201b as much as possible.
- the meandering air-flow electrodes 203n and 203p have many corners, so that discharge is likely to occur. S power Furthermore, the air passing through the meandering electrodes 203n and 203p meanders in the concave portion, and becomes turbulent. Accordingly, the ratio of the air passing through the meandering air-flow electrodes 203n and 203p contacting the radial generated by applying an AC voltage to the meandering-type electrodes 203n and 203p can be increased. Therefore, the gas contained in the air can promote a chemical reaction such as an oxidation reaction.
- the ozone decomposition catalyst section 15 is for decomposing, for example, ozone gas generated by electric discharge in the gas reactor section 14 using manganese dioxide particles. Further, the ozone decomposition catalyst section 15 oxidizes the water-insoluble gas (part) contained in the air and changes it into lower fatty acids (water-soluble gas).
- the ozone gas is decomposed by the ozone decomposition catalyst section 15 as described above, and the air converted into a water-soluble gas or the like flows into the first C ⁇ removal catalyst section 22a.
- the first C ⁇ removal catalyst section 22a removes the carbon monoxide gas flowing from the ozone decomposition catalyst section 15.
- the first CO removal catalyst section 22a is made of platinum, gold, hopcalite, or the like, and oxidizes carbon monoxide gas to carbon dioxide gas using the action of a catalyst.
- the first sensor 16 is for measuring the temperature and humidity (for example, absolute humidity) of the air around the gas adsorption unit 19.
- the control unit 17 a is configured using a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like, and controls the temperature of the air around the gas adsorption unit 19 measured by the first sensor 16 and the absolute value.
- the humidifying section 18 and the cooling / radiating section 21 are controlled based on the humidity. More specifically, the control unit 17a controls the humidification unit 18 so that the absolute humidity of the air around the gas adsorption unit 19 is equal to or higher than the limit moisture amount.
- the critical moisture content is explained.
- the critical moisture content is expressed as the weight [g] of water contained in 1 [kg] of air. For example, when air at room temperature is cooled to 9 ° C, the air must condense and become liquid, and the air must have a water content of about 7 g / kg or more. Must be included. Therefore, the critical moisture content at 9 [° C] is about 7 [g / kg].
- the humidifying unit 18 is, for example, an ultrasonic humidifier, and humidifies the air flowing into the gas adsorbing unit 19 from the first CO removing catalyst unit 22a under the control of the control unit 17. You.
- the gas adsorption section 19 has a plurality of plates 31a to 31e having good heat conductivity, which are provided as a plurality of collection sections.
- the plurality of plates 31a to 31e are referred to as cooling fins.
- the cooling fins 31a and 31e are arranged such that their plate surfaces are along the direction in which air flows (the direction of the white arrow).
- the cooling fins 31a and 31e are arranged at regular intervals in the cross-sectional direction of the ventilation path 12.
- the arrangement of the cooling fins 31a-31e in this way is to make the gas removal rate between the cooling fins 31a and 31e described later uniform, and to reduce the air passing between the cooling fins 31a-31e. This is to prevent bias in the ventilation resistance.
- the aged P fins 31a to 31e have a hollow portion, and a pipe 21b through which the refrigerant 32 passes is disposed in the hollow portion.
- the erotic fin tube is a pipe in which a thin metal band (fin) is wound so as to stand vertically.
- control unit 17b is configured by using a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like, and controls the operation of the cooling / radiating unit 21. . It should be noted that the function performed by the control unit 17b may be realized by the above-described control unit 17a without using the control unit 17b, needless to say.
- the cooling / radiating section 21 has a compressor 21a, a nozzle 21b, a cooler section 21c, a precooler part 21d, and an electromagnetic valve 21e provided as opening / closing means.
- the compressor 21a compresses the refrigerant 32 under the control of the control unit 17b and supplies the compressed refrigerant 32 into the pipe 21b to cool the gas adsorption unit 19 (the cooling fins 31a to 31e).
- a compressor is used as an example. It is also possible to use a Peltier element or an absorption cooling device.
- the cooler section 21c provided as the first heat radiating device has a plurality of plates having good thermal conductivity provided as heat radiating sections.
- the plurality of plates will be referred to as first heat radiation fins.
- the first radiating fins are arranged so that their plate surfaces are along the direction in which air flows, and are arranged with an interval therebetween. Further, the first radiating fin has a hollow portion, and the pipe 21b is disposed in the hollow portion.
- the precooler section 21d provided as the second heat radiating device is provided outside the ventilation path 12 and includes a plurality of plates 210 having good thermal conductivity provided as the second heat radiating section. And a blower 211.
- the plurality of plates will be referred to as second heat radiation fins 210.
- the second radiating fin 210 has a hollow portion, and a pipe 21b between the compressor 21a and the cooler portion 21c is disposed in the hollow portion.
- the blower 211 blows air to the second radiating fins 210 to increase the amount of heat radiated by the second radiating fins 210 as much as possible.
- the refrigerant 32 is also cooled by the pre-cooler section 21d provided outside the ventilation path 12 formed only by the cooler section 21c. Therefore, it is possible to prevent as much as possible the problem that the power of the compressor 21a is turned off due to the high temperature in the cooling / radiating section 21.
- the air velocity in the ventilation path 12 is 0.2 m / s, and the velocity in the ventilation path 12 is slow. For this reason, the amount of heat radiation in the cooler section 21c may not be sufficient.
- the refrigerant 32 is also cooled by the pre-cooler section 21d, so even in such a case, the power of the compressor 21a may be turned off. Problems can be prevented as much as possible.
- the inventors of the present application determined the temperature T at the entrance of the gas adsorption section 19 and the temperature of the cooling / radiation section 21.
- the temperature difference ⁇ ⁇ was measured by operating the harmful gas removing device 10 shown in FIG. 1 so that the velocity of the air flowing through the ventilation path 12 was 0.2 mZs.
- the temperature difference ⁇ T was about 2 [° C].
- the precooler section 21d was removed from the harmful gas removing apparatus 10 shown in Fig. 1 to constitute the apparatus. Then, the temperature difference ⁇ was measured such that the velocity of the air flowing through the ventilation passage 12 was 0.2 m / s. As a result, the temperature difference ⁇ was about 15 [° C].
- the pre-cooler section 21d is arranged in the harmful gas removing apparatus 10, the heat generated from the pipe 21b can be more efficiently released, and the temperature in the ventilation path 12 can be reduced. It can be seen that control can be made as easily as possible.
- the first radiating fins (cooler section 21c) are provided in the ventilation path 12, the first radiating fins (cooler section 21c) extend from the ventilation path 12c.
- the heat inside the ventilation path 12 is affected by the heat released from the first radiating fins (cooler portion 21c).
- the precooler section 21d is disposed outside the ventilation path 12, the temperature in the ventilation path 12 prevents the heat from being released into the ventilation path 12 from the precooler section 21d. It is not affected by the heat released. Therefore, for example, the temperature in the ventilation path 12 can be controlled by appropriately setting the heat radiation amount in the first heat radiation fins (cooler portion 21c) and the heat radiation amount in the precooler portion 21d.
- the cooling fins 31a and 31e can be cooled by arranging at least one of the precooler section 21d.
- the force that constitutes pre-cooler part 21d using second radiating fins 210 and blower 211 only generates heat generated from pipe 21d by second radiating fins 210 alone. It is not always necessary to provide the blower 211 when sufficient discharge is possible.
- the pipe 21b is for passing the refrigerant 32 from the compressor 21a.
- This pipe 21b forms a first path and a second path.
- the first path is defined by the compressor 21a, the hollow portion of the second radiating fin 210, the hollow portion of the first radiating fin, and the hollow portions of the cooling fins 31a-31e. This is the first route returning to the compressor 21a.
- the second path is a second path returning from the compressor 21a to the compressor 21a via the solenoid valve 21e and the hollow portion of the cooling fins 31a 31e.
- the solenoid valve 21e opens and closes only the second path under the control of the CPU 17b.
- the control unit 17b opens the solenoid valve 21e. Thereby, the high-temperature refrigerant 32 from the compressor 21a flows through the second path, and the cooling fins 3la 31e are heated.
- the control unit 17b closes the solenoid valve 21e.
- the high-temperature refrigerant 32 from the compressor 21a does not flow to the second path, and only the refrigerant 32 cooled by the first radiating fin and the second radiating fin 210 is cooled by the cooling fins 31a-31e.
- the cooling fins 31a-31e flow into the hollow portion and are cooled.
- the predetermined temperature is, for example, 0 to 2 [° C].
- the absolute humidity of the air around the cooling fins 31a to 31e is maintained at or above the limit moisture amount by the operation of the humidifying unit 18 according to the control by the control unit 17a. Therefore, by circulating the refrigerant 32 in the pipe 21b as described above, it is possible to prevent the formation of frost on the surface of the aged P fins 31a-31e while preventing the cooling fins 31a-31e from being formed. An appropriate amount of water film can be constantly formed on the surface.
- the water-soluble harmful gas generated in the gas reactor unit 14 and the ozone decomposition catalyst unit 15 and the water-soluble harmful gas originally contained in the air are cooled by the cooling fin.
- the water-soluble harmful gas generated in the gas reactor section 14 and the ozone decomposition catalyst section 15 and the water-soluble harmful gas originally contained in the air are supplied to the gas adsorption section 19. Then, diffusion occurs due to the concentration gradient of the water-soluble gas. Specifically, the water-soluble harmful gas supplied between the cooling fins 3 la to 31 e diffuses toward the surface of the cooling fins 31 a to 31 e having the lowest concentration. Thereby, the water-soluble harmful gas is adsorbed on the water film formed on the surfaces of the cooling fins 31a 31e. The water film that has absorbed the water-soluble harmful gas falls under its own weight. Then, the dropped water is collected by the collection unit 20.
- the cooling fins 31a to 31e form a plurality of collecting units.
- the harmful gas removing device 10 may be provided with a member having a collecting function such as a pre-filter having a function of collecting coarse particles upstream of the particle removing section 13 as necessary.
- the second C ⁇ removal catalyst section 22b removes carbon monoxide gas that could not be completely removed by the first CO removal catalyst section 22a and the gas adsorption section 19.
- the second CO removal catalyst section 22b is made of platinum, gold, hopcalite, or the like, and oxidizes carbon monoxide gas using a catalyst to convert it into carbon dioxide gas.
- the carbon monoxide gas that could not be completely removed by the first CO removal catalyst section 22a or the gas adsorption section 19 is converted into platinum suitable for removing the carbon monoxide gas.
- harmful gases other than carbon monoxide gas are removed by the gas adsorber 19 before the second adsorber 19 so that various types of gases flow into the second CO removal catalyst 22b and the catalyst is not poisoned.
- the CO removal catalyst section 22b removes carbon monoxide gas.
- the air from which coarse particles, particles, and harmful gases have been removed as described above is discharged into the atmosphere from the downstream side of the ventilation passage 12.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the operation time (elapsed time) of the harmful gas removing device 10 and the removal rate of the water-soluble harmful gas.
- cooling fins 31a-31e are cooled such that the temperature at a predetermined position around cooling fins 31a-31e is about 9 ° C., and absolute air flowing into gas adsorption section 19 is cooled.
- the air was humidified by the humidifying section 18 so that the humidity 52 became about 12 [g / kg].
- the critical moisture content 53 at 9 ° C. is about 7 gZkg, and thus, by operating the harmful gas removing device 10 as described above, the cooling fins 31a A water film is always formed on the surface of 31e.
- the removal rate 51 of acetic acid gas shows a high value of 80 [%] or more, and it can be seen that the removal rate does not decrease even if the harmful gas removal device 10 is operated for a long time.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the harmful gas removal rate when the harmful gas removal device is operated so that the absolute humidity of the air flowing into the gas adsorption section 19 becomes lower than the limit moisture content. .
- the harmful gas removing device is operated so that the absolute humidity of the air flowing into the gas adsorption section 19 is about 5 [g / kg], and the water-soluble harmful gas (acetic acid gas) is used. ) was investigated.
- the conditions other than the absolute humidity of the air flowing into the gas adsorption section 19 are the same as those shown in FIG.
- the acetic acid gas removal rate 61 immediately after the operation of the harmful gas removal device is 80 [%]. I understand.
- the present inventors find it difficult to stably remove harmful gases when the absolute humidity 62 of the air flowing into the gas adsorption section 19 is lower than the limit moisture content 63. I found that.
- the inventors of the present application have analyzed in detail how the harmful gas removing device 10 of the present embodiment can be appropriately removed. As a result, they found that the cooling fins 31a and 31e should be configured so that the structure determination parameter ⁇ becomes 0.693 or more. The following describes how the structure determination parameter ⁇ I is derived.
- the structure determination parameter ⁇ is the MD theory (Mixing Diffusion) proposed by the present inventors.
- An electric precipitator applied to the electric precipitating theory includes, for example, a charging unit having a discharge electrode and a counter electrode disposed to face the discharge electrode, and a charging unit downstream of the charging unit.
- a dust collecting portion having a dust collecting electrode disposed therein and a non-dust collecting electrode disposed opposite to the dust collecting electrode; The air is passed to the side to collect particles and the like carried by the air.
- A is the dust collection area (area of the dust collection electrode) [m 2 ]
- Q is the air flow [m 3 / s]
- ⁇ is the electric movement speed [m / s].
- b is the length of the dust collecting electrode in the width direction [m]
- L is the length of the dust collecting electrode in the depth direction [m]
- w is the dust collecting electrode.
- V is the velocity of air [m / s].
- the MD theory is an extension of the above (Equation 4). However, in the MD theory above, it is necessary to assume that the water-soluble gas will be adsorbed and not re-evaporated if it comes into contact with the surface on which the water film is formed.
- the water-soluble harmful gas diffuses toward the surface on which the water film is formed. Therefore, instead of the electric movement speed ⁇ in the above (Equation 4), the diffusion speed V [m / s] Is used.
- the diffusion speed V is represented by the following well-known equation (Equation 5).
- V -(D / n) X (3 n / 3 X) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (5 equations)
- D is the diffusion coefficient [m 2 / s]
- n is the concentration of harmful gas existing between each cooling fin 31a 31e [ppm]
- x is the spacing direction between each cooling fin 31a 31e. (M) in the direction of the cross section of the ventilation passage 12.
- Equation (6) is derived.
- a is the diffusion distance [m].
- d is a distance [m] between the cooling fins 31a-31e and the aged P-fins 31a 31e facing each other.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the structure determination parameter ⁇ and the harmful gas removal rate.
- the black circles are the measured values.
- the theoretical value 70 obtained by the above (Equation 10) and the measured value are almost the same.
- the harmful gas removal device 10 is configured so that the structure determination parameter ⁇ is 0.693 or more, the harmful gas removal rate can be made 50% or more, which is a practical value. Can be determined quantitatively by the above MD theoretical formula.
- the structure determination parameter; I is inversely proportional to the square of the distance d between the cooling fins 31a 31e. That is, even if the area of the cooling fins 31a 31e (the area for collecting harmful gases) is increased, the harmful gas removal rate ⁇ does not increase much unless the distance d between the cooling fins 31a 31e is reduced. , (See equation (8) above).
- the distance d between the cooling fins 31a-31e is made as small as possible (preferably 1.5 [mm
- a harmful gas removal device 10 having a high removal rate can be obtained without designing the harmful gas removal device 10 by trial and error. Can be designed.
- JP-A-2001-96193 and JP-A-2001-96194 an ionizing wire and a ground electrode are disposed so as to face each other, and the surface of the ground electrode is provided.
- a technique for removing a water-soluble gas by forming a water film has been proposed.
- the electric moving speed ⁇ is usually about 20 [cmZs].
- the diffusion coefficient D is
- the harmful gas removal rate ⁇ sharply increases when the interval d between the cooling fins 31a to 31e is reduced (see the above (Equation 8)).
- the removal rate of harmful gas cannot be increased.
- the inventors of the present application removed the water-soluble harmful gas using the gas adsorbing section 19, and then removed the carbon monoxide gas using the second C ⁇ removing catalyst section 22b. It was verified how much the carbon monoxide gas removal effect was different from the case where carbon monoxide gas was directly removed by the second C ⁇ removal catalyst unit 22b without using the adsorption unit 19.
- the amount of carbon monoxide gas flowing into the ventilation passage 12 and the amount of carbon monoxide gas flowing out from the ventilation passage 12 are operated by operating the harmful gas removal device 10 shown in FIG. Was measured.
- the gas reactor unit 14, the ozone decomposition catalyst unit 15, the first sensor 16, the control unit 17, the humidification unit 18, the gas adsorption unit 19, the recovery unit 20, the cooling / radiation unit 21, and the first CO removal catalyst The device was constructed by removing the part 22a from the harmful gas removing device 10 shown in FIG. Then, by operating the above-configured apparatus, the amount of carbon monoxide gas flowing into the ventilation path 12 and the amount of carbon monoxide gas flowing out of the ventilation path 12 were measured. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
- the second CO removal catalyst unit 22b can hardly remove the carbon monoxide gas. It can be seen that when the toxic harmful gas is removed by the gas adsorption section 19, the removal rate of carbon monoxide gas in the second CO removal catalyst section 22b is significantly increased.
- the diffusion phenomena caused by the concentration gradient of the harmful gas supplied between the cooling fins 31a to 31e are used to form the fins on the surfaces of the cooling fins 31a and 31e. Since the harmful gas is adsorbed on the water film, the harmful gas that causes odor and the toxic gas that has a health effect can be removed for a long time without increasing the cost of the equipment.
- the humidifying unit 18 is controlled so that the absolute humidity of the gas adsorption unit 19 (around the cooling fins 31a 31e) is equal to or higher than the limit moisture amount, a water film is formed on the surface of the cooling fins 31a 31e. It is possible to realize the constant formation without increasing the power consumption of the harmful gas removing device 10.
- the harmful gas removal device 10 is configured so that the structure determination parameter ⁇ is 0.693 or more, so that the harmful gas removal device has a harmful gas removal effect within a practical range. 10 can be designed easily. That is, the harmful gas removal device 10 is configured using the MD theory that quantitatively links the relationship between the harmful gas removal effect of the harmful gas removal device 10 and the configuration of the harmful gas removal device 10. Designers can easily foresee performance that generally matches measured values without having to perform complex designs that combine rigorous theoretical formulas or repeatedly perform experiments. It is possible to easily design an optimum harmful gas removing device 10 according to the requirements.
- the spacing between the cooling fins 31a-31e greatly affects the removal rate of harmful gases by using the MD theory.
- the harmful gas is collected by utilizing the diffusion caused by the concentration gradient of the harmful gas. Therefore, the cooling fins 31a to 31e for collecting the harmful gas do not need to be insulated, and the cooling is not performed. The distance d between the fins 31a-31e can be easily reduced.
- the solenoid valve 21e When the temperature near the surfaces of the cooling fins 31a-31e becomes 0 ° C. or less, the solenoid valve 21e is opened, and the high-temperature refrigerant 32 from the compressor 21a is discharged from the second cooling fin 31a-31e. When the temperature near the surface of the cooling fins 31a 3 le becomes higher than 0 [° C], the solenoid valve 21e is closed. ,the above Only the refrigerant 32 cooled by the first radiating fins and the second radiating fins 210 is allowed to flow into the hollow portions of the cooling fins 31a-31e, thereby cooling the cooling fins 31a-31e. An appropriate amount of water film can always be formed on the surface of the cooling fins 31a-31e without being affected by the environment (temperature) surrounding the 31a-31e.
- the gas adsorbing unit 19 removes the water-soluble gas. As a result, harmful gases that cause odor can be more reliably removed.
- the water film formed on the surface of the cooling fins 3la-31e is made to be soluble in water by utilizing the diffusion phenomenon caused by the concentration gradient of the harmful gas supplied between the cooling fins 31a-31e.
- the second CO removal catalyst section 22b removes the carbon monoxide gas after adsorbing and removing the harmful gases from the second CO removal catalyst section 22b. Can be prevented from flowing in, and it is possible to prevent the platinum and the like constituting the second CO removal catalyst section 22b from being poisoned.
- the carbon monoxide gas removal performance of the second CO removal catalyst section 22b can be significantly improved compared to the conventional case, and various types of harmful gases that cause odor and from the viewpoint of health. The ability to reliably remove toxic gases for a long period of time.
- the second CO removal catalyst unit 22b because the carbon monoxide gas removal performance can be remarkably improved.
- the second CO removal catalyst unit 22b is not necessarily used. No need to install. In other words, at least one of the first CO removal catalyst unit 22a and the second CO removal catalyst unit 22b is provided.
- the plate electrodes 202a and 202b may be inserted between the insulating plates 1001a and 1001d. In this way, insulation between the meandering electrodes 203 ⁇ , 203 ⁇ and the plate electrodes 202a, 202b can be secured by the creepage distance from the electrode 203 to the plate electrode 202, and the insulation
- the gas reactor section 14 can be formed more easily than when the conductive plate electrode 202 is embedded in the plate 201.
- the discharge plasma region is formed by the gas reactor unit 14.
- the discharge plasma region is necessarily formed. It is not necessary to form an area.
- the gas reactor unit 14 may be configured using UV lamps 81a to 81d arranged at intervals in the cross-sectional direction of the ventilation path 12. ,.
- the UV lamps 81a-81d an ultraviolet irradiation area can be formed in a predetermined space in the ventilation path 12, and the same action as in the discharge plasma area can be applied to the air supplied to the ventilation path 12 by the force S it can.
- the absolute humidity of the gas adsorbing section 19 (around the cooling fins 31a and 31e) is controlled by controlling the humidifying section 18 to be equal to or more than the limit moisture amount. If a water film can always be formed on the surface of 31a-31e, it is not necessary to use this method.
- control unit 17a may control the refrigeration cycle in the cooling / radiating unit 21 to lower the temperature around the cooling fins 31a to 31e. That is, the control unit 17a controls the compressor 21a so that the temperature around the cooling fins 31a to 31e becomes a temperature at which a water film can always be formed on the surfaces of the cooling fins 31a to 31e.
- control unit 17a controls the gas adsorbing unit measured by the first sensor 16.
- the temperature force around the cooling fins 3la-31e is calculated as to how many times a water film can be formed on the surfaces of the cooling fins 31a-31e at all times. Then, the temperature around the cooling fins 31a 31e is adjusted by controlling the amount of the refrigerant 32 flowing from the compressor 21a and the like so that the temperature becomes the temperature obtained above. By doing so, the humidifying section 18 does not need to be provided, and the harmful gas removing device 10 can be downsized.
- the control of the humidifying unit 18 in the control unit 17a and the control of the cooling / radiating unit 21 may be used in combination. Needless to say.
- the cooler section 21c is configured to heat a catalyst such as a platinum catalyst constituting the second CO removal catalyst section 22b, the removal rate of carbon monoxide gas can be further improved.
- the harmful gas removing device 10 is provided with a heating device for heating the second CO removal catalyst section 22b, and the catalyst such as the platinum catalyst is heated using the heating device. Then, the removal rate of the carbon monoxide gas may be improved.
- the particle removing unit 13 is configured using a HEPA filter.
- a HEPA filter As long as particles such as dust and dirt can be collected, it is not always necessary to use a HEPA filter.
- an electrostatic dust collector as shown in FIG. 12 may be used.
- the electrostatic dust collector (particle removing unit) 90 includes a charging unit 91, a dust collecting unit 92, and electromotive devices 93a and 93b. .
- the charging section 91 has discharge electrodes 94a and 94b, and opposed electrodes 95a to 95c disposed opposite to the discharge electrodes 94a and 94b, and is provided by air supplied to the ventilation passage 12 by the blower 11. Positively charges particles such as dust and dirt carried.
- the power supply device 93a applies a high voltage between the discharge electrodes 94a and 94b and the counter electrodes 95a-95c to generate a corona discharge space, and the dust carried by the air supplied to the ventilation passage 12 It positively charges particles such as dust and dust.
- the dust collecting section 92 includes non-collecting electrodes 96a and 96b and dust collecting electrodes 97a to 97c, which are disposed to face each other on the downstream side of the ventilation path 12 from the charging section 91. Part 91 collects the positively charged particles.
- the plurality of collecting units disposed at intervals in the ventilation path are cooled, and a water film is formed on the surfaces of the plurality of collecting units.
- Hazardous gas diffuses into water film As a result, it is possible to remove harmful gases as much as possible without increasing the cost of the equipment.
- a water film can be constantly formed on the surfaces of the plurality of collecting units. it can. This makes it possible to more reliably remove harmful gases.
- the radiator provided for cooling the plurality of collecting units is provided outside the ventilation path, so that the radiator is released by the radiator. It is possible to prevent as much as possible heat from being transmitted to the inside of the ventilation path. This makes it possible to control the temperature inside the ventilation path as easily as possible.
- a pipe for circulating the refrigerant compressed and supplied from the compressor is used to connect the radiator to the plurality of collection units from the compressor.
- a first path returning to the compressor via the radiator and a second path returning from the compressor to the compressor via the plurality of collectors without passing through the heat radiating device Only the second path is opened and closed in accordance with the temperature of the air around the plurality of collecting sections, so if the temperature around the plurality of collecting sections is high, the second By closing the path 2 and allowing only the refrigerant cooled by the radiator to flow to the plurality of collecting sections, the plurality of collecting sections are cooled, and a water film is formed on the surfaces of the plurality of collecting sections. Can be formed.
- the second path is opened to allow the refrigerant supplied from the compressor to flow to the plurality of collection units without passing through the radiator.
- the temperature of the plurality of collecting units is raised, and a water film is formed on the surfaces of the plurality of collecting units while melting the frost attached to the surfaces of the plurality of collecting units.
- an appropriate amount of a water film can be more reliably formed on the surfaces of the plurality of collecting sections.
- a discharge plasma region or an ultraviolet irradiation region is formed in the ventilation path, and an ozone gas generated when the discharge plasma region or the ultraviolet irradiation region is formed. Is removed using an ozone decomposition catalyst, so that the water-insoluble gas contained in the air supplied into the ventilation passage is converted to a water-soluble gas. Instead of gas, it can be removed. As a result, it is possible to more reliably remove harmful gases and harmful gases that are undesirable for health.
- the plurality of collection units are configured so that the structure determination parameter is 0.693 or more, so that the harmful gas removal effect is improved.
- Devices that fall into a practical range can be easily designed. As a result, it is possible to easily configure an optimal device that meets the needs of the user.
- carbon monoxide gas contained in the air passing between the plurality of traps is removed using a catalyst for removing carbon monoxide. Therefore, it is possible to prevent various kinds of harmful gases from flowing into the carbon monoxide removal catalyst, and to prevent the carbon monoxide removal catalyst from being poisoned. it can. As a result, the performance of removing carbon monoxide gas can be significantly improved compared to the past, and it is possible to reliably remove various types of harmful gases and toxic gases that are unfavorable for health, which cause odor. .
- the harmful gas is removed after the particles are removed, so that the air cleaning effect can be further improved.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
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JP2003185368 | 2003-06-27 | ||
JP2003-185367 | 2003-06-27 | ||
JP2003185367 | 2003-06-27 | ||
JP2003-185368 | 2003-06-27 |
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WO2005000371A1 true WO2005000371A1 (ja) | 2005-01-06 |
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PCT/JP2004/008984 WO2005000371A1 (ja) | 2003-06-27 | 2004-06-25 | 有害ガス除去装置 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2015528182A (ja) * | 2012-12-10 | 2015-09-24 | コリア ベーシック サイエンス インスティテュート | 粉末プラズマ処理装置 |
JP2019074283A (ja) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-05-16 | 株式会社デンソー | ヒートポンプ装置 |
US10456736B2 (en) | 2015-10-19 | 2019-10-29 | Paloza Llc | Method and apparatus for purification and treatment of air |
CN111023713A (zh) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-04-17 | 北京诺维新材科技有限公司 | 一种固体物的干燥方法和系统 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2015528182A (ja) * | 2012-12-10 | 2015-09-24 | コリア ベーシック サイエンス インスティテュート | 粉末プラズマ処理装置 |
US10456736B2 (en) | 2015-10-19 | 2019-10-29 | Paloza Llc | Method and apparatus for purification and treatment of air |
JP2019074283A (ja) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-05-16 | 株式会社デンソー | ヒートポンプ装置 |
CN111023713A (zh) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-04-17 | 北京诺维新材科技有限公司 | 一种固体物的干燥方法和系统 |
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