WO2005088146A1 - 車輪用軸受装置 - Google Patents
車輪用軸受装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005088146A1 WO2005088146A1 PCT/JP2005/003575 JP2005003575W WO2005088146A1 WO 2005088146 A1 WO2005088146 A1 WO 2005088146A1 JP 2005003575 W JP2005003575 W JP 2005003575W WO 2005088146 A1 WO2005088146 A1 WO 2005088146A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- inner member
- bearing device
- hub
- ferrite
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/0005—Hubs with ball bearings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/001—Hubs with roller-bearings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/0015—Hubs for driven wheels
- B60B27/0036—Hubs for driven wheels comprising homokinetic joints
- B60B27/0042—Hubs for driven wheels comprising homokinetic joints characterised by the fixation of the homokinetic joint to the hub
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/0047—Hubs characterised by functional integration of other elements
- B60B27/0068—Hubs characterised by functional integration of other elements the element being a sensor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/0078—Hubs characterised by the fixation of bearings
- B60B27/0084—Hubs characterised by the fixation of bearings caulking to fix inner race
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
- B60B27/0094—Hubs one or more of the bearing races are formed by the hub
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
- F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
- F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
- F16C35/063—Fixing them on the shaft
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
- F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
- F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
- F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
- F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
- F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
- F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
- F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
- F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
- F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
- F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
- F16C19/187—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with all four raceways integrated on parts other than race rings, e.g. fourth generation hubs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
- F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
- F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
- F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
- F16C19/386—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings in O-arrangement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
- F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
- F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bearing device for a wheel, and more specifically to a bearing device for a wheel including a part to be caulked, such as a hub wheel in the bearing device for a wheel.
- a hub bearing is a wheel bearing device that rotatably supports a tire (wheel) with respect to a vehicle body.
- a constant velocity joint is a torque transmission device that transmits rotation of an engine power to wheels.
- hot forging is widely used because cold forging and warm forging are difficult.
- the forging is performed at a high temperature of 1000 ° C or more, the microstructure after forging becomes coarse.
- wheel bearing devices have an outer member (outer ring) and an inner member (inner ring) sandwiching the rolling element from both sides, and the inner member is composed of two first and second inner members, for example, It consists of a knob wheel and an inner ring.
- crimping is used as a connecting means for connecting the two inner members.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-11-129703
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a wheel bearing device 110 for a driven wheel.
- a ball 101 is arranged between the hub wheel 104 and the inner ring 102 and the outer ring 103.
- the outer ring 103 is provided with a flange 103a, and the flange 103a is provided with a bolt hole 112a so that a bolt for fixing to a vehicle body (knuckle) (not shown) passes through the hole 103a.
- the hub wheel 104 and a tire (not shown) are connected by a hub bolt 111 disposed at the end of the wheel mounting flange 104a of the hub wheel 104.
- the present invention provides a wheel bearing device that can easily determine processing conditions and the like in which a crack is unlikely to occur even when caulking is performed while hot forging is performed, and quality control is easy. Its primary purpose is to provide. Low durability even when the wheel mounting flange is shaped as an arm A second object is to provide a bearing device for a wheel which can be easily reduced in weight without being lowered.
- the wheel bearing device of the present invention includes an outer member having a double-row rolling surface on the inner periphery, an inner member having a rolling surface facing the rolling surface, and a double-row rolling surface facing the rolling member.
- This wheel bearing device is a wheel bearing device that rotatably supports a wheel with respect to a vehicle body by connecting a first inner member and a second inner member by caulking a first inner member. .
- the grain size number of at least the austenite grains in the caulked portion is 6 or more.
- the microstructure is refined and the ductility is improved, so that there is no risk of cracking even when caulking is performed, and the quality can be easily controlled.
- the grain size number of the austenite grains is such that when plastic deformation such as caulking is performed, the flow of the structure occurs due to plastic deformation, the grain size number before plastic deformation is V, The particle size measurement after crimping is performed at the portion where the plastic deformation occurs, except at the root portion of the crimped portion and where the flow of the yarn and fabric occurs.
- the austenite grains described above are different from the austenite grains in the quenched steel, and the austenite grain boundary force is intended for a microstructure in which ferrite is generated.
- the arrangement of the austenite grain boundaries can be inferred from the network frit and can be easily measured. The measurement may be performed by comparing the microstructure with a JIS standard diagram, or a straight line may be drawn at random and the estimated average distance between the intersections with the austenite grain boundary may be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a wheel bearing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a method of manufacturing a component of the wheel bearing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a microstructure of steel obtained by hot forging and allowing to cool the steel according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows a weave.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a microstructure obtained by hot forging and cooling of carbon steel S53C for machine structural use.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing still another wheel bearing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a bearing device for a wheel formed by combining a constant velocity universal joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing a microstructure of Example 1 of the present invention in Example 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing a microstructure of Example 2 of the present invention in Example 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a view showing a microstructure of Example 3 of the present invention in Example 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a view showing a microstructure of Example 4 of the present invention in Example 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a view showing a microstructure of Comparative Example 1 in Example 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a view showing a microstructure of Example 5 of the present invention in Example 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a view showing a microstructure of Example 6 of the present invention in Example 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a drawing of a tensile test in Example 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a view showing a result of a rotating bending fatigue test in Example 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a view showing one of problems in a conventional wheel bearing device.
- FIG. 1 shows a wheel bearing device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is used for a driven wheel.
- the connection between the hub wheel 4 and the inner ring 2 is performed by caulking the hub wheel 4 so that the inner ring 2 is tightened. Done.
- the wheel has a non-cut part.
- the outer ring 3 has a bolt 12 screwed into a female screw portion 12a and connected to a knuckle 15.
- the two rows of balls 1 are arranged by a double row rolling surface 3a of the outer ring 3, a rolling surface 2a of the inner ring 2, and a rolling surface 4a of the knob wheel 4.
- a hardened surface layer is formed by induction hardening or the like.
- a force indicating only the hardened surface layer 4h formed by induction hardening on the surface layer including the rolling surface of the hub wheel 4 is shown not only on the hub wheel 4 but also on the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 2! / ⁇ ⁇ ! ⁇ forms a hardened surface layer.
- a hub bolt 11 is arranged on the hub wheel 4 and is connected to a tire (not shown) to support the wheel itself.
- the hole of the hub bolt 11 is provided in the wheel mounting flange 4d.
- the wheel mounting flange 4d is an arm for each hub bolt.
- the hub wheel 4 has a surface 4c on the inboard side of the wheel mounting flange and a surface 4c on the center outside, which are non-cut surfaces.
- surface texture and dimensional accuracy are not so important, so non-cutting finish reduces production costs!
- the inner ring 2 is swaged by the swaged portion 4b of the hub wheel 4, and is coupled to the knob wheel 4 while being pressed against the stepped wall 4s of the hub wheel 4.
- hub wheel 4 is a first inner member
- inner ring 2 is a second inner member.
- the swing caulking method is used for caulking.
- the grain size number of the austenite grains in the microstructure is as fine as 6 or more in the portion that is not induction hardened, particularly in the caulked portion 4b. This makes it difficult for cracks to occur even when caulking with hot forging.
- the hub wheel 4 and the outer wheel 3 are formed using a granular ferrite-forming steel material.
- the hub ring 4 and the outer ring 3 have high ductility and toughness regardless of whether or not normalizing is performed.
- cracks are likely to occur in the coarse microstructure shown in FIG. 4 later, while cracks can be suppressed in the ferrite pearlite structure containing granular ferrite shown in FIG. 3 later.
- the caulking can be performed without generating cracks or the like in the caulking process. Also, cracks will not occur at the base 4n of the wheel mounting flange due to repeated loads during use.
- FIG. 1 the hub wheel 4 and the outer wheel 3 are formed using a granular ferrite-forming steel material.
- Carbon C 0.45- 0.70 wt 0/0, and V, the steel material comprising at least one 0.3 mass% in total of Nb and Ti (hereinafter referred to as "granular off light generated steel") hot forging To about 1080 ° C, hot forging, and then cool. At this stage, the approximate shape of the part is formed. After that, the parts that require dimensional accuracy and finished surface accuracy (such as roughness) are precisely finished by cutting. Thereafter, a predetermined portion of the cut surface is subjected to induction hardening to harden the surface.
- the above steels are made of Si, Mn equivalent to the representative steel types shown in structural steel materials (H steel: JISG4052) whose hardenability is guaranteed, in addition to the above carbon, V, Nb, and Ti.
- Cr 0.10-0.40 mass% can be contained. Cr is effective for improving hardenability, tempering softening resistance, etc., but 0.1% by mass or more is required to clarify the effect. However, if the content exceeds 0.40% by mass, the hot forgeability decreases, and the cost for hot forging becomes high. Therefore, the content is preferably set to 0.40 mass% or less.
- cutting can be performed while leaving a non-cut portion.
- the part to be cut by this method is limited to a part necessary for finishing accuracy, and the other part can be a non-cut part. As a result, the cost of the cutting process can be reduced.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a microstructure obtained when the steel is hot forged and left to cool.
- the shape power of the granular ferrite can also be determined.
- the ferrite located in the grains is granular ferrite.
- Granular ferrite may be formed at the grain boundary.
- Reticulated ferrite is formed along the grain boundaries and is formed in a band rather than a granular form.
- the area ratio of ferrite can be measured using a commercially available automatic area ratio measuring device or the like because of the ease of distinguishing ferrite from pearlite in the microstructure. Also, the ratio can be determined by calculating the ratio of the portion within the ferrite of an arbitrary straight line in the optical microscope field and taking the average.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the microstructure of the carbon steel after the hot forging and cooling, not containing Nb and Ti.
- ferrite is first formed in a network at austenite grain boundaries, and then austenite is transformed into pearlite. For this reason, the pearlite is coarser in size than the pearlite in FIG.
- the ferrite area ratio is smaller than the microstructure in FIG.
- the hub wheel 4 and the outer wheel 3 in FIG. 1 use the above ferrite-forming steel material, and therefore have an austenite grain size number of 6 or more in a forged state without normalizing.
- the fact that the steel remains hot forged without normalizing can be specified by analyzing the composite structure of the scale on the oxidized surface of the non-cut portion.
- A1 is usually contained in steel, and A1 combines with nitrogen to form A1N.
- A1N forms a solid solution in steel at the hot forging temperature and precipitates relatively quickly at the normal temperature. If normalization is not performed after hot forging, the amount of A1 present in the solid solution in steel without forming A1N increases, so it is identified by conducting a state analysis of A1. can do.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a wheel bearing device 10 for a drive wheel using a roller 21 as a rolling element according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the rolling surface is not provided on the hub wheel 4, and the rolling surfaces 2 a and 3 a are provided on the outer ring 3 and the two inner rings 2.
- the outer ring 3 and the hub ring 4 are manufactured from the above-mentioned granular ferrite-forming steel material, and the inner ring 2 and the roller 21 are manufactured using JISSUJ2.
- the hub wheel 4 is a first inner member, and the two inner rings 2 are second inner members.
- a surface hardened layer 4h is formed by induction hardening on the surface in contact with the two inner rings 2 in order to cope with a load applied through the inner ring 2.
- the two inner rings 2 are pressed and fixed to the stepped walls 4s of the hub wheel 4 by the swaged portion 4b obtained by swaging the hub wheel 4.
- the grain size number of the austenite grains before swaging of the swaged portion 4b of the hub wheel 4 is 6 or more.
- the hub wheel 4 is made of a granular ferrite-forming steel material.
- FIG. 6 shows a bearing device 10 for a wheel, which shows a bearing device 10 for a wheel according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which a constant velocity universal joint 50 is combined, and the constant velocity universal joint 50
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a structure also serving as an inner ring 2 of the bearing device for use.
- the constant velocity universal joint 50 has an inner ring 32 and an outer ring And a torque transmitting ball 31 held by a cage 34 between the outer joint 33 and the inner race 32.
- the rotational force is transmitted from the constant velocity universal joint 50 to the hub wheel 4, and further transmitted to the tire connected by the hub wheel 4 force hub bolt 11.
- the end of the shaft portion 33a of the outer joint portion 33 of the constant velocity universal joint 50 is fixed to the hub wheel 4 by swaging.
- outer joint member 33 of constant velocity universal joint 50 is a first inner member, and hub wheel 4 is a second inner member.
- the grain number of the austenite grains of the shaft portion 33a of the outer joint member 33 is 6 or more.
- the outer joint portion 33 of the constant velocity universal joint 50 which also serves as the hub wheel 4, the outer ring 3, and the inner ring 2 of the wheel bearing device 10, is manufactured from the granular ferrite-producing steel material.
- Table 1 shows the composition of the steel used in Example 1 of the present invention.
- Each of the steels of the present invention is improved based on S53C.
- the compositional characteristics are as follows. Examples 3 and 4 of the present invention are characterized in that they contain V and the like after having a low Mn.
- the manufacturing method is as follows.
- Comparative Example 6 is characterized in that the hot forging temperature was extremely reduced without containing V, Ti, and Nb. Reducing the hot forging temperature to about 950 ° C increases deformation resistance and shortens the life of the forging die, which makes it difficult to use it at manufacturing sites.However, to investigate the performance of hot forged steel Done.
- Figs. 7 to 13 show the microfibers of the present invention and comparative examples.
- the microstructure of Comparative Example 1 shown in Fig. 11 is coarse (note the shrinkage scale), reflecting that it is still hot forged, and almost all ferrite is formed along the austenite grain boundaries. It can be called a reticulated ferrite.
- the microstructure of Example 5 of the present invention to which the normalization shown in Fig. 12 was added not only the string-like ferrite along the grain boundaries but also the granular (massive) ferrite was observed, and the microstructure was very low. Fine.
- Example 6 of the present invention subjected to heat forging at 950 ° C. shown in FIG. 13 a microstructure equivalent to that of Example 5 of the present invention obtained by normalizing despite being hot forged was obtained.
- example 14 which is a steel material containing V, Ti, etc.
- the microstructure is very fine despite being hot forged. Since the number of granular ferrite is large, the dispersion density of granular ferrite is high. In addition, the area ratio of ferrite increases. In particular, the microstructure of Example 4 of the present invention was refined.
- Table 2 shows the test results of the above test pieces.
- the tensile test was performed using a tensile test piece cut from a HUB product.
- Example 5 of the invention with normalization and Example 6 of the invention with hot forging at 950 ° C. the ferrite area ratio is 15% or more.
- the ⁇ particle size '' shown in Table 2 is a force that is the particle size of the austenite particles roughly outlined by the network ferrite.
- Comparative Example 1 has a particle size number of 3.0, whereas Comparative Example 1 has a particle size of 3.0. The above results show that the microstructure is refined.
- the measurement of austenite grains is carried out, for example, by assuming that austenite grain boundaries are present in a network-like ferrite having a microstructure, and a standard diagram of grain size specified in a microstructure photograph IS in which such austenite grain boundaries are entered. Can be compared with That is, when the mesh-like ferrite is formed along the austenite grain boundary with a very small width, the mesh-like ferrite can be measured by regarding the mesh-like ferrite as an austenite grain boundary. If the width of the ferrite along the austenite grain boundaries of the network-like ferrite is relatively wide, the austenite grain boundaries are assumed to be within the width along the ferrite, or measured by actually filling in the microphotograph. can do. It is easy to write austenite grain boundaries within the width along the network ferrite in the microphotograph.
- the rate of change in hardness is an index indicating whether hardening (+) or softening (1) is based on Comparative Example 1.
- the rate of change in hardness was positive even though the area ratio of ferrite was increased as compared with the standard, because the microstructure was substantially very fine. Or it is conceivable that the T-Zellate is dispersed and strengthened.
- the reason why softening occurs despite the inclusion of V, Z or Ti is that Mn is reduced.
- the soft ridge of Example 3 of the present invention is large. Reflecting this, the increase of the aperture of the inventive example 3 is remarkable.
- the other examples 1, 2, 4 and 16 of the present invention can obtain an aperture improvement rate of 10% or more as compared with the comparative example 1.
- the drawing obtained by the tensile test has a correlation with the deformability and cracking property in the caulking process, and it is desirable that the drawing be large.
- the tensile strength and drawing correspond to the bending strength characteristics of the product.
- Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention have a higher ferrite area ratio and an austenite grain size number of 6 or more than Comparative Example 1, and the microstructure is very fine, so that the strength and workability are high. It was confirmed that the bending strength could be improved. In addition, it was found that Examples 3 and 4 of the present invention had superior strength and workability as compared with those to which normalization was added.
- a durability test was performed using steel used for manufacturing a hub wheel and an outer ring of the wheel bearing device. This test can be considered as a test to verify the life of a flange or arm at the base of the hub ring hole at a position closer to the center from the hub bolt hole against repeated stress.
- Steels used as examples of the present invention C: 0.6 wt%, Si: 0.57 wt%, Mn: 0.8 mass 0/0, P: 0.015 mass 0/0, S: 0.017 mass 0/0, Cr: 0.25 mass 0 / 0 , V: Steel containing 0.15% by mass.
- a commercially available carbon steel S53C for machine structural use specified in JISG4051 was used as a comparative example.
- FIG. 14 shows the result of the drawing in the tensile test
- FIG. 15 shows the result of the rotational bending fatigue test. While the aperture of the comparative example is 39%, the aperture of the present invention is greatly improved to 44%. There is a strong correlation between drawing and crimping workability, and the improvement in drawing as shown in Fig. 14 significantly improves crimping workability.
- the ferrite area ratio of the first inner member to be crimped is 10 to 30% by volume, and can include granular ferrite.
- the first inner member is softened, and the ductility can be further improved.
- the first inner member is a hub wheel
- the second inner member is an inner ring.
- the end of the hub wheel can be swaged to be connected to the inner ring.
- the second inner member is a hub wheel
- the first inner member is an outer joint member of a constant velocity universal joint
- a shaft portion of the outer joint member passes through an inner diameter hole of the hub wheel
- the shaft portion is It can be connected to the hub wheel by swaging the diameter.
- the hub wheel which is the first or second inner member, has a wheel mounting flange, and the hub wheel is quenched. You can do it.
- the durability of the wheel mounting flange can be improved. For example, even if the wheel mounting flange is formed into an arm shape, the durability does not decrease and the weight can be easily reduced.
- the above steel is, Si: 0.15- 0.7 wt%, Mn: 0.1- 0.5 Weight 0/0 and V: 0.04- may include 0.15 mass 0/0.
- the depth of decarburization in hot forging can be suppressed, and the formation of ferrite can be obtained by promoting the formation of ferrite by the action of V carbonitride. Therefore, the microstructure can be substantially refined.
- Si 0.15- 0.7 mass 0/0
- the content of Si is less than 0.15% by mass, the hardenability is low and the strength cannot be sufficiently secured. Also
- Si when Si exceeds 0.7% by mass, decarburization is promoted during hot forging to form a deep decarburized layer, so that Si is set to 0.7% by mass or less.
- Si In order to further suppress the decarburized layer, Si should be 0.5 quality %, And it is better to be 0.4% by mass or less in order to avoid a decarburized layer.
- Mn is less than 0.1% by mass, sulfur (S) in steel cannot be fixed as MnS! / Therefore, cracks etc. are likely to occur during hot forging, so it should be 0.1% by mass or more.
- Mn improves hardenability, forms a solid solution in the steel, toughens the steel, and increases residual austenite, which is beneficial for rolling life.
- Mn has the effect of increasing the hardness of carbides by forming a solid solution in carbides, and is effective in increasing the hardness of steel. Therefore, when emphasis is placed on toughness, it is better to contain 0.25% by mass or more.
- the content should be 0.5% by mass or less. it can.
- V 0.04- 0.15 wt 0/0
- V carbide, V nitride or V carbonitride hardly dissolves in austenite by heating before hot forging Precipitates during cooling after hot forging and functions as a site for generating nuclei of flint.
- These V precipitates precipitate on inclusions and the like in the austenite grains, and the V precipitates generate nuclei. That is, it promotes the formation of granular frit, thereby increasing the area ratio of ferrite.
- the above effect can be obtained with V0.04% by mass or more. In order to obtain the above effect more reliably, it is desirable to contain 0.06% by mass. If V exceeds 0.15% by mass, the above effect is saturated, so the content is set to 0.15% by mass or less.
- the impurity element is preferably P: 0.030% by mass or less and S: 0.035% by mass or less. Since P and S, which are impurity elements, deteriorate the mechanical properties of steel, the lower it is, the better for bearing steel. However, to significantly reduce P and S requires sophisticated purification equipment and sufficient purification time, which increases the cost of power and the cost of raw materials for the purification reaction due to the operation of the purification equipment. It becomes. Therefore, the upper limit of P and S can be set to a level that satisfies the cleanliness regulation CFISG4051) that allows the deterioration of the mechanical properties as a bearing material.
- wheel bearing device of the present invention By using the wheel bearing device of the present invention, a highly reliable component is manufactured at low cost, and the component is crimped and assembled into a bearing. Can be provided. For this reason, it is expected that its applications will be expanded to wheel bearing devices for transportation machinery including automobiles.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/592,108 US7824106B2 (en) | 2004-03-10 | 2005-03-03 | Bearing device for wheel |
AT05719879T ATE509206T1 (de) | 2004-03-10 | 2005-03-03 | Lagervorrichtung für rad |
CN2005800078058A CN1930402B (zh) | 2004-03-10 | 2005-03-03 | 车轮用轴承装置 |
EP05719879A EP1731776B1 (en) | 2004-03-10 | 2005-03-03 | Bearing device for wheel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-067439 | 2004-03-10 | ||
JP2004067439A JP3974115B2 (ja) | 2004-03-10 | 2004-03-10 | 車輪用軸受装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005088146A1 true WO2005088146A1 (ja) | 2005-09-22 |
Family
ID=34975658
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2005/003575 WO2005088146A1 (ja) | 2004-03-10 | 2005-03-03 | 車輪用軸受装置 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7824106B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1731776B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3974115B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1930402B (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE509206T1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005088146A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007037477A1 (ja) | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-05 | Ntn Corporation | 車輪用軸受装置 |
JP2007113719A (ja) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-05-10 | Ntn Corp | 車輪用軸受装置 |
JP5158664B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-06 | 2013-03-06 | Ntn株式会社 | 車輪用軸受装置 |
DE112007003768B3 (de) | 2006-03-08 | 2020-04-23 | Ntn Corporation | Verlangsamungsteil |
JP2007239886A (ja) * | 2006-03-08 | 2007-09-20 | Ntn Corp | インホイールモータ駆動装置 |
US7909517B2 (en) * | 2007-02-23 | 2011-03-22 | Ntn Corporation | Wheel support bearing assembly and manufacturing method thereof |
JP4345988B2 (ja) | 2007-04-16 | 2009-10-14 | Ntn株式会社 | 車輪用軸受装置 |
JP5737736B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-23 | 2015-06-17 | Ntn株式会社 | ボールねじのねじ軸 |
DK2495466T5 (da) * | 2011-12-22 | 2014-07-21 | Imo Holding Gmbh | Rullelejeindretning med skråt forløbende hærdezoner |
ITTO20130027A1 (it) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-12 | Skf Ab | Unità mozzo di peso leggero con anelli di cuscinetto integrati, e procedimenti per la sua fabbricazione |
ITTO20130023A1 (it) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-12 | Skf Ab | Unità mozzo di peso leggero con anelli di cuscinetto integrati, e procedimento per la sua fabbricazione |
CN103266218A (zh) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-08-28 | 中航工业哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | 消除混晶工艺的钢制轴承零件及其加工方法 |
KR101802424B1 (ko) | 2016-07-01 | 2017-12-28 | 주식회사 일진글로벌 | 베어링강 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP7441609B2 (ja) | 2019-03-25 | 2024-03-01 | Ntn株式会社 | 車輪用軸受装置 |
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JPS54106016A (en) * | 1978-02-08 | 1979-08-20 | Kawasaki Steel Co | Plastic processing of quasistable austenitic stainlaess steel |
JPH11129703A (ja) | 1997-08-28 | 1999-05-18 | Nippon Seiko Kk | 車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット |
JP2001279490A (ja) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-10 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 接触抵抗が低い高光沢リチウムボタン電池負極缶及び正極缶用片面Niめっき鋼板 |
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JPH093595A (ja) | 1995-04-18 | 1997-01-07 | Nippon Steel Corp | 靱性の優れた低降伏比厚鋼板及びその製造方法 |
JP3466328B2 (ja) | 1995-05-18 | 2003-11-10 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 高寿命高周波焼入れ軸受用鋼材 |
EP1314903B1 (en) * | 1997-01-17 | 2005-08-31 | Nsk Ltd | Bearing unit for vehicle wheel support |
JP3909950B2 (ja) | 1998-03-25 | 2007-04-25 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | 伸びフランジ性に優れた中・高炭素鋼板の製造方法 |
US7438477B2 (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2008-10-21 | Ntn Corporation | Bearing part, heat treatment method thereof, and rolling bearing |
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2004
- 2004-03-10 JP JP2004067439A patent/JP3974115B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-03-03 CN CN2005800078058A patent/CN1930402B/zh active Active
- 2005-03-03 US US10/592,108 patent/US7824106B2/en active Active
- 2005-03-03 EP EP05719879A patent/EP1731776B1/en active Active
- 2005-03-03 WO PCT/JP2005/003575 patent/WO2005088146A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-03-03 AT AT05719879T patent/ATE509206T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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JPS54106016A (en) * | 1978-02-08 | 1979-08-20 | Kawasaki Steel Co | Plastic processing of quasistable austenitic stainlaess steel |
JPH11129703A (ja) | 1997-08-28 | 1999-05-18 | Nippon Seiko Kk | 車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット |
JP2001279490A (ja) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-10-10 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 接触抵抗が低い高光沢リチウムボタン電池負極缶及び正極缶用片面Niめっき鋼板 |
JP2003113450A (ja) * | 2001-10-10 | 2003-04-18 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 精密打抜き性に優れたオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼 |
JP2003226919A (ja) * | 2001-11-29 | 2003-08-15 | Ntn Corp | 軸受部品および転がり軸受 |
JP2003277878A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-10-02 | Jfe Steel Kk | 耐疲労特性および冷間加工性に優れた熱間鍛造鋼 |
DE10323447A1 (de) | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-15 | Ntn Corporation | Radlagervorrichtung |
JP2004028143A (ja) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-29 | Ntn Corp | 車輪軸受装置 |
WO2004007219A1 (ja) | 2002-07-15 | 2004-01-22 | Nsk Ltd. | 車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1930402A (zh) | 2007-03-14 |
JP3974115B2 (ja) | 2007-09-12 |
ATE509206T1 (de) | 2011-05-15 |
CN1930402B (zh) | 2012-02-08 |
JP2005256898A (ja) | 2005-09-22 |
EP1731776A4 (en) | 2009-04-22 |
EP1731776A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 |
US7824106B2 (en) | 2010-11-02 |
EP1731776B1 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
US20070201783A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
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