WO2005048325A1 - ステージ駆動方法及びステージ装置並びに露光装置 - Google Patents
ステージ駆動方法及びステージ装置並びに露光装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005048325A1 WO2005048325A1 PCT/JP2004/016584 JP2004016584W WO2005048325A1 WO 2005048325 A1 WO2005048325 A1 WO 2005048325A1 JP 2004016584 W JP2004016584 W JP 2004016584W WO 2005048325 A1 WO2005048325 A1 WO 2005048325A1
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- Prior art keywords
- stage
- wafer
- driving
- axis
- guide portion
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70691—Handling of masks or workpieces
- G03F7/70716—Stages
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70691—Handling of masks or workpieces
- G03F7/70733—Handling masks and workpieces, e.g. exchange of workpiece or mask, transport of workpiece or mask
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70691—Handling of masks or workpieces
- G03F7/70716—Stages
- G03F7/70725—Stages control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70691—Handling of masks or workpieces
- G03F7/70758—Drive means, e.g. actuators, motors for long- or short-stroke modules or fine or coarse driving
Definitions
- Stage driving method stage apparatus, and exposure apparatus
- the present invention relates to a stage driving method, a stage apparatus, and an exposure apparatus, and more particularly to a stage driving method, a stage apparatus, and an exposure apparatus suitable for driving a stage supported in a cantilever state. is there.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a first guide bar, a second guide bar, and a first guide bar and a second guide bar that can be moved in the Y-axis direction by a Y-axis linear motor.
- First and second wafer stages that can move in the X-axis direction along the axis are provided.
- the two wafer stages are located at the exposure position and the alignment position immediately below the projection optical system and the alignment optical system arranged along the X-axis direction.
- Stage devices that independently drive the two in the XY two-dimensional direction are disclosed.
- each wafer stage is provided with an air pad (static gas pressure bearing), and is supported in a non-contact manner with a small gap on a guide bar by a static pressure of a pressurized gas;
- the structure has a fine movement stage (substrate table) which holds a substrate such as a wafer and is supported in a cantilever state with respect to the coarse movement stage.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-17404
- This problem is not limited to the configuration in which a plurality of stages are provided, and may also occur when a single stage is provided.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and a stage driving method capable of improving safety without causing a gap collapse even when a moment load is applied to a guide portion. And a stage apparatus and an exposure apparatus.
- the present invention employs the following configuration.
- the stage is set on a platen along a guide portion extending in the first direction.
- a stage driving method for driving the stage in the first direction including a step of rotating the guide portion around an axis orthogonal to the surface in accordance with a thrust when the stage is driven in the first direction. is there.
- the stage device of the present invention is a stage device that drives the stage on the surface of the surface plate along a guide portion extending in the first direction, and the stage device according to the thrust when the stage is driven in the first direction. And a rotation driving device for driving the guide portion to rotate about an axis orthogonal to the surface.
- the stage driving method and the stage device of the present invention when a load corresponding to the thrust is applied to the guide portion when the stage is driven in the first direction, the direction in which the load is applied without resisting the load.
- the load By rotating the guide part at a time, the load can be absorbed as a counter mass. Therefore, the gap between the stage and the guide portion is not collapsed, and the occurrence of damage or the like can be suppressed.
- the exposure apparatus of the present invention is an exposure apparatus that exposes a pattern of a mask held on a mask stage to a substrate held on a substrate stage, wherein at least one of the mask stage and the substrate stage is exposed.
- the stage the above-mentioned stage device is used.
- the exposure apparatus of the present invention even when a load corresponding to the thrust is applied to the guide portion when driving the mask stage or the substrate stage in the exposure processing, the gap is not collapsed, and the damage is not caused. Can be suppressed.
- the load applied to the air pad can be reduced to prevent the collapse of the gap, so that the safety of the device can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing an exposure apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the stage device of FIG. 1 together with a projection optical system and an alignment system.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the stage device in a state where the interferometer system and the wafer stage have been removed from the state of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4A is an enlarged perspective view showing a fork portion of the stage device.
- FIG. 4B is an enlarged perspective view showing a wafer stage.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view showing a state where a wafer stage is engaged with a fork portion.
- FIG. 6 is a control block diagram illustrating a main configuration of a control system of the exposure apparatus.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram illustrating the operation of a wafer stage and a Y stage.
- FIG. 7B is a view explaining the operation of the wafer stage and the Y stage.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a relationship between time, thrust in the X-axis direction, and input torque.
- FIG. 9 is a view showing a modeled Panema system.
- [10A] is a diagram for describing the flow of parallel processing of the exposure operation and the alignment operation.
- FIG. 10B is a view for explaining the flow of the parallel processing.
- FIG. 10C is a drawing for explaining the flow of the parallel processing.
- FIG. 11A is similarly a view for explaining the flow of the parallel processing.
- FIG. 11B is a view for explaining the flow of the parallel processing.
- FIG. 11C is a diagram similarly illustrating the flow of the parallel processing.
- FIG. 12A is similarly a view for explaining the flow of the parallel processing.
- FIG. 12B is a view for explaining the flow of the parallel processing.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between time, thrust in the X-axis direction, and input torque.
- FIG. 14A is a diagram illustrating the operation of a wafer stage and a Y stage.
- FIG. 14B is a view explaining the operation of the wafer stage and the Y stage.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an example of a semiconductor device manufacturing process.
- W1, W2 wafer substrate, photosensitive substrate
- WST1, WST2 Wafer stage (stage, substrate stage)
- FIGS. 1 to 15 embodiments of a stage driving method, a stage apparatus, and an exposure apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 15.
- stage device 20 described later
- FIG. 1 schematically shows an exposure apparatus 10 according to one embodiment.
- the exposure apparatus 10 synchronizes a reticle R as a mask and a wafer W1 (or W2) as a substrate (photosensitive substrate) in a one-dimensional direction (here, the Y-axis direction which is the horizontal direction in FIG. 1).
- a step-and-scan scanning type that transfers a circuit pattern (pattern) formed on the reticle R to multiple shot areas on the wafer W1 (or W2) via the projection optical system PL while moving. Exposure equipment, using so-called scanning.
- the exposure apparatus 10 includes an illumination system 12 for illuminating the reticle R with illumination light IL as an energy beam, a reticle stage RST as a mask stage on which the reticle R is mounted, and a reticle R force. , A projection optical system PL that projects the wafer onto W1 (or W2), two stages on which the wafers Wl and W2 are respectively mounted, that is, a stage device 20 including the wafer stages WS Tl and WST2, and an alignment as a mark detection system.
- the system is equipped with a system ALG and a main controller 50 that controls the entire system.
- the stage device 20 is a stage surface plate arranged below the projection optical system PL in FIG.
- stage surface plate SB the surface (top surface) of the stage surface plate SB.
- Wafer stages (stages) WST1 and WST2 that move independently in the XY two-dimensional plane along SB1 and drive to drive these wafer stages WST1 and WST2. The system is provided.
- the stage surface plate SB has a rectangular shape in plan view (see Fig. 2), and a plurality (for example, three) of vibration isolating units 91 on the floor surface F in the clean room (note that the Anti-vibration The knit is supported substantially horizontally (parallel to the XY plane) via a not-shown).
- the fine vibration transmitted to the floor F force stage base SB is insulated at the microphone opening G level (G is the gravitational acceleration) by the plurality of vibration isolation units 91.
- each of the vibration isolation units based on the output of a vibration sensor such as a semiconductor accelerometer fixed to a predetermined position of the stage base SB, the stage base SB is actively damped.
- An anti-vibration device can be used.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a perspective view of the stage device 20 together with the projection optical system PL, the alignment system ALG, and the like.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the state force of FIG. 2 showing the rest of the stage apparatus 20 with the interferometer systems (116, 118, 146, 148) and the wafer stages WST1 and WST2 removed. ing.
- each component of the stage device 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 and other drawings as appropriate.
- the drive system for driving wafer stages WST1 and WST2 includes an X linear motor XM1 and XM2 for driving wafer stages WST1 and WST2 in the X-axis direction (first direction), and a Y-axis for wafer stages WST1 and WST2. It is mainly composed of Y linear motors (drive devices) YM1 and YM2 that drive in the axial direction (second direction).
- the Y linear motor YM1 includes stators 83A, 83A arranged in pairs along the Y-axis direction at both ends of the stage base SB in the X-axis direction, and stators 83A and 83A, respectively. , 83A, and movers 84A, 84A driven in the Y-axis direction along the stators 83A, 83A by electromagnetic interaction.
- Each stator 83A is supported by a stage base SB via a support member 59A extending in the Y direction and a Y guide 60A (however, the X-side support member 59A is not shown).
- Each support member 59A is provided on the lower surface (the surface on the one Z side) of the stator 83A, and has an air bearing such as an air pad, and is movably fitted to the ⁇ guide 60A in a non-contact manner in the Y direction. Tepuru.
- the reaction force accompanying the movement of the movers 84A, 84A (wafer stage WST1 or WST2) in the Y-axis direction is absorbed by the movement of the stators 83A, 83A along the Y guides 60A, 60A.
- the momentum applied to the board SB is theoretically zero, and the position of the center of gravity in the stage device 20 is substantially fixed in the Y direction.
- the Y linear motor YM2 is provided at both ends in the X-axis direction of the stage base SB in the Y-axis direction.
- the stators 83B, 83B arranged in pairs along with the stators 83B, 83B, and the movers 84B, which are driven in the Y-axis direction along the stators 83B, 83B by electromagnetic interaction with the stators 83B, 83B, respectively. Consists of 84B and force.
- Each stator 83B is supported on a stage base SB via a support member 59B and a Y guide 60B extending in the Y direction.
- Each support member 59B is provided on the lower surface (the surface on the Z side) of the stator 83B, has an air bearing such as an air pad, and is movably fitted to the Y guide 60B in the Y direction without contact. Te ru.
- the reaction force caused by the movement of the movers 84B, 84B (wafer stage WST2 or WST1) in the Y-axis direction is absorbed by the movement of the stators 83B, 83B along the Y guides 60B, 60B.
- the momentum given to the board SB is theoretically zero, and the position of the center of gravity in the stage device 20 is substantially fixed in the Y direction.
- Guide portions 68A and 68B extending in the Y-axis direction are provided near the stators 83A and 83B located on the X side of the stage base SB, respectively.
- the slaves 84A and 84B are provided with Y sliders 69A and 69B which are fitted to the guide portions 68A and 68B and guide the movement in the Y-axis direction, respectively.
- Encoder scales used for measuring the positions of the Y sliders 69A and 69B in the Y-axis direction are formed on the guide portions 68A and 68B, respectively.
- the Y sliders 69A and 69B are provided with encoders (encoder heads) 64A and 64B for measuring the encoder scale, and the measured position information is output to the main controller 50 (see FIG. 6).
- the X linear motor XM1 is mounted along the stator 66A by electromagnetic interaction between the stator 66A, which is installed along the X direction and both ends are fixed to the mounting plates 67A, 67A, and the stator 66A. And a mover 88A driven in the X-axis direction. Further, a Y stage (guide portion) 72A extending in the X-axis direction in parallel with the stator 66A is provided between the mounting plates 67A. The Y stage 72A guides the X coarse movement stage 63A that moves integrally with the mover 88A.
- the X coarse movement stage 63A has a rectangular frame shape in cross section, surrounds four surfaces (upper and lower surfaces and both side surfaces) of the Y stage 72A, and has a plurality of air pads 73A (static contact gas bearings). It can move in a non-contact manner via Fig. 7A and Fig. 7B). These air pads 73A are provided on each of the four surfaces of the Y stage 72A. , And are arranged on each surface at an interval in the X-axis direction.
- the mounting plate 67A located on the + X side is integrally fixed to the mover 84A of the Y linear motor YM1, and the mounting plate 67A located on the X side is connected to the mover 84A (Y slider 69A). They are connected via a connecting member 65A.
- the connecting member 65A is composed of a radial bearing or the like, and connects the Y stage 72A and the mover 84A (Y slider 69A) via the mounting plate 67A around an axis orthogonal to the surface of the stage base SB (Z axis). (Around an axis parallel to the axis).
- the positional relationship in the ⁇ Z direction between the Y stage 72A and the mover 84A (Y slider 69A) is measured by the rotary encoder 74A, and the measurement result is output to the main controller 50 (see FIG. 6).
- the X linear motor XM2 includes a stator 66B, which extends along the X direction and has both ends fixed to the mounting plates 67B, 67B, and a stator 6B formed by electromagnetic interaction between the stator 66B and the stator 66B. And a mover 88B driven in the X-axis direction along 6B. Further, a Y stage (guide portion) 72B extending in the X-axis direction parallel to the stator 66B is provided between the mounting plates 67B and 67B. The Y stage 72B guides the X coarse movement stage 63B that moves integrally with the mover 88B.
- the X coarse movement stage 63B like the X coarse movement stage 63A, has a rectangular frame shape in cross section, surrounds the four surfaces (upper and lower surfaces and both side surfaces) of the Y stage 72B, and has a gas static pressure bearing (non-contact It is possible to move in a non-contact manner through a plurality of air pads (bearings).
- the air pads on the X coarse movement stage 63B are provided in the same arrangement as the air pads 73A on the force X coarse movement stage 63A, not shown.
- the mounting plate 67B located on the + X side is integrally fixed to the mover 84B of the Y linear motor YM2, and the mounting plate 67B located on the X side is connected to the mover 84B (Y slider 69B). They are connected via connecting members 65B.
- the connecting member 65B is formed of a radial bearing or the like, and rotates the Y stage 72B and the mover 84B (Y slider 69B) around an axis orthogonal to the surface of the stage base SB via the mounting plate 67B. Combine freely.
- the positional relationship between the Y stage 72B and the mover 84B (Y slider 69B) in the ⁇ Z direction is measured by the rotary encoder 74B, and the measurement result is output to the main controller 50 (see FIG. 6).
- a stator extending in the Y-axis direction is provided on the + Y side surface of the mover 88A, as shown in FIG. 3, a stator extending in the Y-axis direction is provided.
- the fork portion 70A including the group is supported in a cantilever state.
- a fork portion 70B including a stator group extending in the Y-axis direction is supported in a cantilever state on the Y-side side surface of the mover 88B.
- one fork portion 70A includes six stators SX, SY1, SY2, SY3, SZ1, SZ2 and a guide rod GB1, as shown in an enlarged manner in FIG. 4A. .
- the stator SX has an armature coil inside, and is arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the XY plane with the longitudinal direction being the Y-axis direction.
- the stators SY1 and SY2 each have an armature coil inside, and are arranged above and below the stator SX at predetermined intervals and substantially in parallel.
- the stator SY3 has an armature coil inside, and is disposed at a predetermined distance from the stator SX, SY1, SY2 to the X side.
- the stators SZ1 and SZ2 have armature coils inside, and are arranged on the + X side of the stators SX, SY1 and SY2 and on the ⁇ X side of the stator SY3, respectively.
- the guide rod GB1 is a prismatic member whose one end in the longitudinal direction is connected to the mover 88A, and a sensor group SS as a detecting device that has a plurality of capacitance sensor forces near the other end (the end) in the longitudinal direction. Is embedded.
- the sensor group SS makes it possible to measure the relative positions of the wafer stage WST1 and the fork portion 70A in the X and Z axis directions and in the 0X, 0Y and ⁇ Z directions (described later).
- the other fork portion 70B is also provided on the Y side surface of the mover 88B similarly to the fork portion 70A described above.
- the fork portion 70B includes six stators TX, TY1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 1, and ⁇ 2, and a guide rod GB2 (the guide rod GB2 is not shown in FIG. 3). These six stators ⁇ , ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, and the guide rod GB2 are combined with the six stators SX, SY1, SY2, SY3, SZ1, SZ2, and the guide rod GB1, which constitute the fork part 70 ⁇ .
- One end in the longitudinal direction is fixed to the mover 88B in a symmetric arrangement.
- the corresponding stators (specifically, stators TX and SX, stators TY1 and SY1, stators TY2 and SY2, stators TY3 and SY3, stators TZ1 and SZ1, stators TZ2 and SZ2 ),
- the guide rods GB1 and GB2 can face each other, and when they are closest to each other, they are arranged so that they can apparently constitute one stator. Since the configurations of the corresponding stators and guide rods are completely the same, the description of the details of the fork portion 70B will be omitted. As shown in FIG.
- wafer stage WST1 includes a stage body 71 having a substantially T-shaped XZ cross section, and a mover group integrally fixed to stage body 71 in a predetermined positional relationship. And has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole.
- the mover group includes six movers DX, DY1, DY2, DY3, DZ1, and DZ2, as shown in FIG.
- the movers DX, DY1, and DY2 correspond to the above-described stators SX, SY1, and SY2, respectively, and are stacked vertically in the order of stators SY1, SX, and SY2 corresponding to the arrangement of these stators.
- the stage body 71 is fixed in the space on the + X side and the Z side.
- the movers DY3 and DZ2 correspond to the stators SY3 and SZ2, respectively. According to the arrangement of these stators, the mover DY3 and the DZ2 correspond to the X side of the stage body 71 and the Z It is fixed in the side space.
- the mover DX has a rectangular frame-shaped frame member 56 having magnetic force, and a permanent member extending in the Y-axis direction fixed to upper and lower opposing surfaces (upper and lower surfaces) inside the frame member 56. It has magnets 58A and 58B. The permanent magnets 58A and 58B are oppositely magnetized. As shown in FIG. 5, when the wafer stage WST1 is engaged with one of the forks 70A, the stator SX is inserted between the permanent magnets 58A and 58B.
- the Lorentz force generated by the electromagnetic interaction between the current flowing through the armature coil and the magnetic field between the permanent magnets 58A and 58B causes the mover DX (and wafer stage WST1) to move in the X-axis direction with respect to the stator SX. Is driven minutely. That is, the stator SX and the mover DX constitute an X-axis fine movement motor VX that minutely drives the wafer stage WST1 in the X-axis direction!
- the mover DY1 is disposed above the mover DX.
- a plurality of movers DY1 are disposed at predetermined intervals along the Y-axis direction on a cylindrical yoke 52 and upper and lower opposing surfaces inside the yoke 52.
- Field magnet 54 In this case, the field magnets 54 adjacent in the Y-axis direction and the field magnets 54 facing in the Z-axis direction are mutually reverse magnetic.
- the stator SY1 is inserted into the internal space of the yoke 52, and the armature coil of the stator SY1 is inserted.
- a driving force in the Y-axis direction acts on the mover DY1, and the mover DY1 is fixed to the stator. It is driven in the Y-axis direction along SY1. That is, in the present embodiment, a moving magnet type single-axis linear motor LY1 is configured by the stator SY1 and the mover DY1.
- the mover DY2 is disposed below the mover DX, and has the same configuration and the like as the mover DY1. Therefore, when the wafer stage WST1 and one fork portion 70 mm shown in FIG. 5 are engaged, a driving force is applied to the mover DY2 in the Y-axis direction, and the mover DY2 is moved along the stator SY2. Driven in the axial direction. That is, in the present embodiment, the moving magnet type Y-axis linear motor LY2 is configured by the stator SY2 and the mover DY2.
- the mover DY3 has the same configuration as the movers DY1 and DY2, although the installation direction and size are different. Therefore, when the wafer stage WST1 and the one fork portion 70A shown in FIG. 5 are engaged, a driving force is applied to the mover DY3 in the Y-axis direction, and the mover DY3 is moved along the stator SY3 along the Y-axis. Driven in the direction. That is, in the present embodiment, the moving magnet type Y-axis linear motor LY3 is configured by the stator SY3 and the mover DY3.
- the wafer stage WST1 is driven by setting the driving force (thrust) of each of the Y-axis linear motors LY1 and LY2 to f and the driving force of the Y-axis linear motor LY3 to 2Xf. It can be driven in the Y-axis direction (almost the center of gravity) with respect to the oak 70A.
- the wafer stage WST 1 can be finely driven in the rotation direction around the Z-axis (single direction). Is possible.
- the driving force generated by the three Y-axis linear motors LY1 to LY3 can drive wafer stage WST1 relative to fork portion 70A in the Y-axis direction.
- these Y-axis linear motors LY1 to LY3 are used for fine driving of the wafer stage WST1 in the Y-axis direction
- the above-described Y-rear motor YM1 is used for coarse movement of the wafer stage WST1 in the Y-axis direction.
- the mover DZ1 is provided on the + X side of the movers DX, DY1, and DY2.
- the mover DZ1 has a frame member 57 made of a magnetic material having an XZ cross section in the form of a rectangular frame, and an inner side of the frame member 57. And a pair of permanent magnets 62A and 62B extending in the Y-axis direction respectively provided on the pair of opposed surfaces (the surface on the X side).
- the permanent magnets 62A and 62B have opposite polarities.
- the mover DZ1 (and wafer stage WST1) is minutely driven in the Z-axis direction with respect to the stator SZ1 by the Lorentz force generated by the electromagnetic interaction between the current flowing through the coil and the magnetic field between the permanent magnets 62A and 62B. It is supposed to be. That is, the stator SZ1 and the mover DZ1 constitute a Z-axis fine movement motor VZ1 that minutely drives the wafer stage WST1 in the Z-axis direction.
- the mover DZ2 is arranged on the X side of the mover DY3, and has the same configuration as the mover DZ1.
- a Z-axis fine movement motor that minutely drives wafer stage WST1 in the Z-axis direction by means of stator SZ2 and mover DZ2.
- VZ2 is configured.
- the wafer stage WST1 can be minutely driven in the Z direction by making the driving forces generated by the Z-axis fine movement motors VZ1 and VZ2 the same, and the driving force of each Z-axis fine movement motor can be different. By doing so, it is possible to minutely drive the wafer stage WST1 in the rotation direction (rolling direction) around the Y axis.
- the magnitude and direction of the current supplied to each armature coil constituting the stator are controlled by main controller 50, and under the control of main controller 50, in the present embodiment,
- the X-axis fine movement motor VX, Y-axis linear motor LY1-LY3, and Z-axis fine movement motor VZ1 and VZ2 make it possible to minutely drive the wafer stage WST1 relative to the fork unit 70A in six degrees of freedom.
- a through hole 75 is formed in the stage main body 71 along the Y-axis direction.
- the sensor group SS is used to detect the relative positional relationship between the guide rod GB1 and the stage body 71 in the direction of five degrees of freedom excluding the Y-axis direction.
- the main controller 50 as required, based on the detection result of the sensor group SS Then, the above motors are controlled to adjust the positional relationship between the guide rod GBl and the stage body 71.
- the six stators TX, # 1, # 2, # 3, # 1, # 2 and the guide rod GB2 that constitute the fork portion 70B as described above constitute the fork portion 70 ⁇ . Since the six stators SX, SY1, SY2, SY3, SZ1, SZ2 and the guide rod GBl are each configured similarly and are symmetrically arranged, the wafer stage WST1 has only one fork 70A. However, it can be engaged with the other fork portion 70B from the opposite direction in the same manner as described above.
- the wafer stage WST2 has the same configuration as the wafer stage WST1 and will not be described in detail, but is detachable from both the forks 70 mm and 70 mm.
- ⁇ one end (the ⁇ side) of the wafer stage extends in the X-axis direction.
- the moving mirror MY1 is fixed, and an X moving mirror MX1 extending in the ⁇ -axis direction is fixed to one end (+ ⁇ side) in the X-axis direction.
- the interferometer beams (length measuring beams) from the ⁇ interferometer 116 and the X interferometer 146 are projected on the reflecting surfaces of the moving mirrors MY1 and MX1, respectively.
- the interferometer 116 and the X interferometer 146 receive the reflected light of each reflecting surface force, and a fixed mirror is arranged at the reference position of each reflecting surface (generally, a fixed mirror is disposed on the side of the projection optical system or the side of the alignment system). From the reference plane), and the two-dimensional position of the wafer stage WST1 is measured.
- a moving mirror ⁇ 2 extending in the X-axis direction is fixed to an end on one side (the ⁇ side) in the ⁇ -axis direction
- the X movable mirror ⁇ 2, which extends in the ⁇ axis direction, is fixed to the end on the + ⁇ side.
- the interferometer beams (length measuring beams) from the ⁇ interferometer 118 and the X interferometer 148 are projected on the reflecting surfaces of the moving mirrors ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 2, respectively. Then, in the same manner as described above, the two-dimensional position of wafer stage WST2 is measured by receiving the reflected light from each reflecting surface with interferometer 118 and X interferometer 148.
- the illumination system 12 includes a light source and an illumination optical system, and has a rectangular or arc-shaped illumination area defined by a field stop (masking blade or reticle blind) disposed therein.
- the IAR is irradiated with illumination light IL as an energy beam, and the reticle R on which the circuit pattern is formed is illuminated with uniform illuminance.
- far-sighted light such as KrF excimer laser light (wavelength 248 nm) or ArF excimer laser light (wavelength 193 nm) or vacuum ultraviolet light such as F laser light (wavelength 157 nm) is used. .
- a reticle R force is fixed on the reticle stage RST by, for example, vacuum suction.
- the reticle stage RST is moved by the reticle drive unit 22 in the XY plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the illumination system 12 (which coincides with the optical axis AX of the projection optical system PL) in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the 0-Z direction (Z-axis). It can be driven microscopically in the direction of rotation around it, and can be driven along a top surface of a reticle stage base (not shown) at a specified scanning direction (Y-axis direction) at a specified scanning speed.
- the reticle stage drive unit 22 is a mechanism using a linear motor, a voice coil motor, or the like as a drive source, but is shown as a simple block in FIG. 1 for convenience of illustration.
- the reticle stage RST includes a coarse movement stage that is driven one-dimensionally in the Y-axis direction, and a reticle R with respect to the coarse movement stage in at least three degrees of freedom (X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and ⁇ Z direction).
- a stage having a coarse / fine moving structure having a fine moving stage capable of fine driving may be adopted.
- the position of the reticle stage RST in the XY plane (including the ⁇ Z rotation) is formed at the end of the reticle stage RST by a reticle laser interferometer (hereinafter referred to as a reticle interferometer) (or Through the reflecting surface (provided), it is always detected with a resolution of, for example, about 0.5 to lnm.
- Position information of reticle stage RST (including rotation information such as ⁇ Z rotation amount (jowing amount)) from reticle interferometer 16 is output to main controller 50.
- the main control device 50 drives and controls the reticle stage RST via the reticle stage drive section 22 based on the position information of the reticle stage RST.
- the projection optical system PL As the projection optical system PL, a reduction system in which both the object plane side (reticle side) and the image plane side (wafer side) are telecentric and whose projection magnification is 1Z4 (or 1Z5) is used. Therefore, when the reticle R is irradiated with the illumination light (ultraviolet pulse light) IL from the illumination system 12, the portion of the circuit pattern region formed on the reticle R illuminated with the ultraviolet pulse light. The imaging light flux from the light enters the projection optical system PL, and the image (partial inverted image) of the circuit pattern in the illumination area IAR of the illumination light IL becomes the image of the projection optical system PL for each pulse irradiation of the ultraviolet pulse light.
- the illumination light ultraviolet pulse light
- an image is formed in a narrow and slit shape (or rectangular (polygonal)) in the X-axis direction.
- the projected partial inverted image of the circuit pattern is reduced and transferred to one resist layer in a plurality of shot areas on the wafer W1 or W2 arranged on the image plane of the projection optical system PL.
- catadioptric system combining a refractive optical element and a reflective optical element (concave mirror ⁇ beam splitter, etc.) or a reflective optical element as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-282527.
- a reflective system consisting mainly of: However, F
- the + Y side of the projection optical system PL is separated by a predetermined distance from the optical axis of the offaxis type alignment system ALG force
- the projection optical system PL (substantially coincides with the projection center of the reticle pattern image). It is installed in the position where it was.
- This alignment type ALG has three types of alignment sensors: LSA (Laser Step Alignment) type, FLA (Filed Image Alignment) thread, and LIA (Laser Interferometnc Alignment) type. It is possible to measure the position of the alignment mark on the mark and the wafer in the X and Y two-dimensional directions.
- the LSA system is the most versatile sensor that irradiates a mark with laser light and measures the position of the mark using the light that has been diffracted and scattered, and has conventionally been used for process wafers.
- the FIA system is a sensor that measures the mark position by illuminating the mark with broadband (broadband) light such as a halogen lamp and processing this mark image, and is used effectively for asymmetric marks on the aluminum layer and wafer surface. Is done.
- the LIA system irradiates a laser beam with a slightly changed frequency on a diffraction grating mark from two directions, interferes the two generated diffraction lights, and detects the position information of the mark from its phase.
- these three types of alignment sensors are properly used according to the purpose, and one of three types of alignment sensors on the wafer is used.
- a so-called search alignment for detecting the position of the dimensional mark to measure the approximate position of the wafer and a fine alignment for accurately measuring the position of each shot area on the wafer are performed.
- each of the projection optical system PL and the alignment system ALG has an auto-focus Z auto-leveling measurement mechanism (hereinafter, referred to as an “in-focus”) for checking a focus position. "AFZAL system”).
- an auto-focus Z auto-leveling measurement mechanism hereinafter, referred to as an “in-focus”
- AFZAL system auto-focus Z auto-leveling measurement mechanism
- FIG. 6 shows a main configuration of a control system of exposure apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment.
- This control system is composed of a main controller 50 that controls the entire apparatus as a whole, various measuring devices that output measurement results to the main controller 50, and various driving devices that are driven based on these measurement results. Is done.
- main controller 50 drives Y linear motor YM1 with a long stroke and minutely drives Y-axis linear motors LY1-LY3.
- the main controller 50 drives the X linear motor XM1 with a long stroke and the X-axis fine movement motor. Drive vx minutely.
- a moment load corresponding to the thrust is applied to the X coarse movement stage 63A due to the inertia force of the wafer stage WST1.
- the mover 88A of the X linear motor XM1 is driven to the ⁇ X side during acceleration, an inertial force acts on the + X side with respect to the wafer stage WST1, and as a result, the X coarse A moment load is applied to the moving stage 63A in a counterclockwise direction about an axis parallel to the Z axis.
- the Y stage 72A is rotatably connected to the Y slider 69A about an axis parallel to the Z axis by the connecting member 65A, the moment load applied to the X coarse movement stage 63A is reduced by the air pad 73A. Transmitted to the Y stage 72A through the, and the Y stage 72A rotates around the connecting member 65A as a rotation center. That is, since the Y stage 72A functions as a counter mass against the moment load generated by the movement of the wafer stage WST1 in the X-axis direction, the moment load applied to the X coarse movement stage 63A (air pad 73A) is reduced. .
- the moment load applied to the air pad 73A by rotating as the Y stage 72A functions as a counter mass is Relaxed to IyZ (Ix + Iy) times.
- the wafer stage WST1 decelerates, as shown in FIG. 7B, an inertia force acts on the wafer stage WST1 on the X side, and as a result, the X coarse movement stage 63A has an axis parallel to the Z axis.
- the force applied to the clock load in the clockwise direction causes the Y stage 72A to rotate as the counter mass around the connecting member 65A, so that the moment load applied to the X coarse movement stage 63A (air pad 73A) is reduced.
- the wafer stage WST1 does not detect the measurement results of the interferometers 116 and 146 under the control of the main controller 50.
- the position and orientation are controlled by driving the X-axis fine movement motor VX, Y-axis linear motor LY1 and LY3, and Z-axis fine movement motors VZ1 and VZ2.
- the main controller 50 controls the mover 84A of the Y linear motor YM1. , 84A to release the load applied to the air pad 73A Drive in the opposite direction.
- the X linear motor XM1 When driving the motor, the main controller 50 monitors the measurement results of the encoder 64A and the rotary encoder 74A so as to accelerate the rotation of the Y stage 72A when the thrust is in the range Fk.
- the mover 84A on the + X side is driven to the Y side (torque is input), and the mover 84A on the X side is driven to the + Y side (that is, a pair of Y linear motors YM1, YM1 differential).
- the load applied to the air pad 73A is further reduced, and the load can be reduced to zero by adjusting the thrust of the movers 84A, 84A.
- the rotational movement of the coarse movement stage 63A and the Y stage 72A associated with the movement of the wafer stage WST1 can be modeled as a Panemass system shown in FIG.
- an X coarse movement stage 63A having a mass of mc and a Y stage 72A having a mass my are connected via an air pad 73A serving as a panel system having a constant k.
- Xc is the displacement when force Fc is applied to coarse movement stage 63A when driving wafer stage WST1
- Xy is the displacement when Y linear motor YM1 (movable element 84A) drives Y stage 72A with thrust Fy.
- the load Fp applied to the air pad 73A is expressed by the following equation.
- the thrust Fy (s) of the mover 84A may be set based on [0062] Assuming that the mass of the coarse movement stage 63A is mc and the mass of the Y stage 72A is my, the transfer function Gc (s) is represented by the following equation (B), and the transfer function Gy (s) is It is shown by equation (C). Then, in the low frequency range, the equation (D) is derived for the forces of the equations (A)-(C).
- the load Fp applied to the air pad 73A can be reduced.
- FIG.10A shows a state where a wafer alignment operation is performed on wafer W2 on wafer stage WST2 in parallel with an exposure operation performed on wafer W1 on wafer stage WST1. Te ru.
- the wafer loader (not shown) unloads the exposed wafer placed on the wafer stage WST2 and creates a new one.
- the loading of the wafer W2 onto the wafer stage WST2 ie, wafer exchange) is performed.
- main controller 50 manages the position of wafer stage WST2 in the XY plane based on the measurement values of interferometers 118 and 148 (not shown in FIGS. 10A to 10C, see FIG. 2), and performs the alignment.
- the alignment information ALG is used to detect positional information of alignment marks (sample marks) attached to a plurality of specific shot areas (sample shot areas) on the wafer W2.
- main controller 50 performs a statistical operation using a least squares method disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-44429 based on the detection result and the design position coordinates of the specific shot area.
- EGA Enhanced Global Arrangement
- main controller 50 detects the position information of the first fiducial mark on the fiducial mark plate (not shown) on wafer stage WST2 before and after detecting the positional information of the sample mark.
- main controller 50 converts the array coordinates of all the shot areas on wafer W2 obtained earlier into position coordinates with the origin of the position of the first reference mark.
- main controller 50 controls wafer stage WST2 to move X-axis linear motor XM2 and a pair of Y-axis linear motors based on the detection results by interferometers 118 and 148.
- the motor is driven with a long stroke via the motors YM2 and YM2, and the stage WST2 is driven relative to the fork portion 70B via the above-described six-degree-of-freedom drive mechanism.
- wafer exchange and wafer alignment are performed on the wafer stage WST2 side.
- the wafer stage WST1 performs the exposure of each shot area on the wafer W1 mounted on the wafer stage WST1 based on the result of the wafer alignment already performed.
- the reticle R reticle stage RST
- wafer W1 wafer stage WST1
- a step-and-scan exposure operation is performed in which a scanning exposure operation of repeating the transferred pattern onto a shot area on the wafer W1 via the projection optical system PL is repeated.
- main controller 50 Prior to the start of the above-described step-and-scan type exposure operation, main controller 50 performs measurement based on the measurement results of interferometers 116 and 146 (not shown in FIGS. 10A to 10C, see FIG. 2).
- the second reference mark on the reference mark plate (not shown) on the wafer stage WST1 and the reticle alignment mark on the reticle R are measured using a reticle alignment system while controlling the position of the wafer stage WST1 .
- main controller 50 moves wafer stage WST1 to an acceleration start position for exposure of each shot area on ueno and W1 based on the measurement result and the result of the wafer alignment.
- main controller 50 moves wafer stage WST1 to a long stroke through X-axis linear motor XM1 and a pair of Y-axis linear motors YM1, YM1.
- the wafer stage WST1 is minutely driven in the X, Y, Z, 0 °, 0 °, 0 ° directions relative to the fork portion 70A via the above-described six-degree-of-freedom driving mechanism. Note that the measurement results of the AFZAL system described above are considered when driving in the ⁇ , 0X, 0 ⁇ directions. Also, the procedure of the exposure operation itself is the same as that of a normal scanning-stepper, and therefore, further detailed description is omitted.
- main controller 50 drives wafer stage WST2 in the + ⁇ direction and the X direction via X-axis linear motor # 2 and a pair of ⁇ -axis linear motors # 2 and # 2 after completion of wafer alignment. Then, place the wafer stage WST2. Move to a fixed standby position (the position of wafer stage WST2 shown in FIG. 10B) and wait at that position.
- main controller 50 moves wafer stage WST1 to the + X direction and + X direction via X-axis linear motor XM1 and a pair of Y-axis linear motors YM1. Move in Y direction.
- FIG. 10B shows a state after the completion of the movement.
- main controller 50 stops supplying current to each stator of fork portion 70A constituting the above-described six-degree-of-freedom mechanism on wafer stage WST1 side.
- the current supply to the stators SZ1 and SZ2 of the Z-axis fine movement motors VZ1 and VZ2 is stopped, the supporting force (driving force) for supporting the wafer stage WST1 in a non-contact manner in the Z-axis direction is released, and the wafer stage WST1 Placed on the platen SB.
- main controller 50 moves X-axis linear motor XM1 and fork portion 70A in the Y direction via a pair of Y-axis linear motors YM1.
- FIG. 10C shows a state in which movement of X-axis linear motor XM1 and fork portion 70A in the Y direction has been completed, and wafer stage WST1 has been separated from fork portion 70A.
- main controller 50 moves fork 70A in the X and + Y directions integrally with X coarse movement stage 63A via X-axis linear motor XM1 and Y-axis linear motor YM1, and
- the X coarse movement stage 63B provided with the fork portion 70B integrally with the wafer stage WST2 is moved in the Y direction via the Y-axis linear motor YM2.
- the + Y-side end of the fork portion 70A and the Y-side end of the fork portion 70B are brought closest (or contact).
- the stators of the fork portions 70A and 70B and the guide rods approach each other via a clearance of about several zm to several mm, and are apparently integrally connected.
- main controller 50 controls each armature coil of stators TY1 to TY3 constituting fork portion 70B and the stator constituting fork portion 70A.
- Current is sequentially supplied to each armature coil of SY1 to SY3, and wafer stage WST2 is moved in the Y direction with respect to fork portion 70B (and 70A).
- wafer stage WST2 is transferred from the fork 70B to the fork 70A. Is done.
- FIG. 1 IB shows a state during the transfer of wafer stage WST2.
- the positional relationship between the wafer stage WST2 and the forks 70A, 70B is measured by the sensor group SS provided on the guide rods GB1, GB2. Even if the position of 70B slightly deviates from the predetermined position, the wafer stage WST2 is minutely driven (position adjusted) by the 6-degree-of-freedom mechanism based on the detection result of the sensor group SS, so that the fork section 70A
- the transfer of the wafer stage WST2 to the unit 70B can be performed in a non-contact manner and at a high speed.
- main controller 50 controls the position of wafer stage WST2 based on the measured values of interferometers 116 and 146, while controlling the position of wafer stage WST2.
- a pair of reference marks on a reference mark plate (not shown) on WST2 and a pair of reticle alignment marks on reticle R are measured using the reticle alignment system described above.
- main controller 50 moves wafer stage WST1 to an acceleration start position for exposing the first shot area on wafer W2 based on the measurement result and the result of the previously performed wafer alignment. After that, the exposure operation of the step-and-scan method for the wafer W2 is performed in the same manner as the exposure for the wafer W1.
- main controller 50 does not engage with either of wafer stages WST1 and WST2, and enters a free state upon completion of the transfer from fork portion 70B of wafer stage WST2 to fork portion 70A.
- the fork section 70B is integrated with the X coarse movement stage 63B, and approaches the wafer stage WST1 mounted on the surface plate SB via the Y-axis linear motor YM2 and X-axis linear motor XM2. (See Figure 11C).
- main controller 50 sets Y so that wafer stage WST1 and fork portion 70B are engaged with each other.
- the fork portion 70B is driven in the Y direction integrally with the X coarse movement stage 63B via the shaft linear motor YM2 to obtain the state shown in FIG. 12A.
- the guide rod GB2 is inserted into the through-hole 75 (see FIG. 4B) formed in the wafer stage WST1 and the guide rod GB2 and the stage body 71 are passed through a sensor group provided on the guide rod GB2.
- main controller 50 can drive fork portion 70B while adjusting the relationship between wafer stage WST1 and fork portion 70B based on the detection result. In this manner, when wafer stage WST1 is engaged with fork portion 70B, main controller 50 generates a driving force in the + Z direction on the Z-axis motor constituting the six-degree-of-freedom mechanism, and fork portion 70B is driven. The driving force is controlled so that wafer stage WST1 is supported in a non-contact manner.
- main controller 50 replaces exposed wafer W1 mounted on wafer stage WST1 with wafer W3 to be exposed next (see FIG. 12B), and replaces wafer W3.
- the wafer alignment operation is performed in the same manner as described above.
- the exposing operation for the wafer on one wafer stage, the wafer exchanging on the other wafer stage, and the wafer Alignment operation is performed in parallel processing.
- Y stages 72A and 72B are connected to connecting members. Since it rotates about 65A and 65B as a rotation center and functions as a counter mass, it is possible to reduce the load applied to X coarse movement stages 63A and 63B, ie, air pads 73A and 73B. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the gaps from being broken in the air pads 73A and 73B, so that it is possible to prevent the X coarse movement stages 63A and 63B from being contacted with the Y stages 72A and 72B and being damaged. Thus, the safety of the device can be improved.
- Y linear motors YM1 and YM2 are driven to accelerate rotation of Y stages 72A and 72B. It is possible to effectively reduce the load applied to 73B, Safety can be further enhanced.
- the rotatable Y stages 72A, 72B are simply connected to the movers 84A, 84B (Y sliders 69A, 69B) using the connecting members 65A, 65B.
- the Y-stages 72A and 72B are rotated actively, only the Y linear motors YM1 and YM2 are differentially driven, which eliminates the need for special equipment and contributes to downsizing and cost reduction of the equipment. It is possible.
- the force that reduces the load applied to the air pads 73A and 73B by rotating the Y stages 72A and 72B by the differential of the Y linear motor is reduced.
- the rotation direction becomes the same, so that there is a possibility that the amount of rotation is accumulated and the Y stages 72A and 72B may be greatly tilted.
- FIG. 13 in the upper graph showing the relationship between time and thrust in the X-axis direction, a step process in which wafer stages WST1 and WST2 move in the X-axis direction and wafer stages WST1 and WST2
- the exposure process in which (/ !, shift) moves synchronously with the reticle R in the Y-axis direction is performed alternately and repeatedly.
- the main controller 50 controls the Y stage. Driving the Y linear motor in a differential state to promote rotation.
- main controller 50 performs the Y step in the previous step step.
- the Y linear motor is driven so that the Y stage rotates in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the stage.
- the change over time of the input torque with the Y linear motor at this time is indicated by the symbol T in the lower graph in FIG.
- T the change over time of the input torque with the Y linear motor at this time.
- main controller 50 drives the Y linear motor before the step process. Then, rotate the Y stage by 0 Z2. That is, main controller 50 rotates in advance the direction opposite to the direction in which the Y stage is rotated by the step movement and half the rotation angle generated by the step movement before the step process.
- main controller 50 rotates Y stage 72A counterclockwise at angle ⁇ Z2 before the step process, as shown in FIG. 14A.
- main controller 50 rotates Y stage 72A counterclockwise at angle ⁇ Z2 before the step process, as shown in FIG. 14A.
- the Y stage 72A rotates clockwise by an angle ⁇ , and as shown in FIG. 14B, becomes in a state inclined by ⁇ Z2 with respect to the X-axis direction. That is, even when the Y stage rotates by an angle of ⁇ in the step process, the Y stage rotates in the angle range of ⁇ Z2 — + ⁇ Z2 with respect to the X-axis direction.
- the Y stage is rotated in the reverse direction before the step process to correct the posture, even when the step process is continuous, the rotation of the Y stage is accumulated.
- the posture correction of the Y stage is performed in the exposure step, it is not necessary to separately provide a step for performing the correction, and a decrease in productivity can be prevented.
- attitude correction of the Y stage described above does not necessarily need to be performed during exposure as long as it is before the step process. Further, even a step process may be included in the posture correction operation of the Y stage.
- the force described for the step process relating to the exposure operation in one stage and the step process relating to the wafer exchange and wafer alignment operation in the other stage (the X-axis direction of the stage)
- the posture of the Y stage can be corrected before the next step movement, especially once. It is preferable to rotate in the reverse rotation direction at an angle which is half the rotation amount generated by the step movement.
- the Y linear motors YM1 and YM2 (the movers 84A and 84B) move along the guide portions 68A and 68B, and the Y stages 72A and 72B and the S movers 84A and 84B Force that is configured to be rotatably connected to the Y sliders 69A and 69B that move integrally, around an axis parallel to the Z axis.
- Guide parts 68A, 68B and Y slider 69A that are not limited to this. It is also possible to adopt a so-called guideless system in which no 69B is provided.
- the forces at which the movers 84A and 84B are provided at both ends of the Y stages 72A and 72B, respectively, are fixed.
- connecting members 65A and 65B in the above embodiment a universal joint, an elastic hinge, or the like can be used in addition to the radial bearing.
- the wafer stages WST1 and WST2 are described as being configured to be detachable (replaceable) with respect to the X coarse movement stages 63A and 63B.
- the wafer stage WST1 and X coarse movement stage 63A and the wafer stage WST2 and X coarse movement stage 63B respectively move independently to process the exposure operation, the wafer exchange and the alignment operation in parallel.
- the number of uenos and stages is not limited to two, but may be a configuration using only one or a configuration using three or more.
- wafer stage WST1, WST2 is configured to be movably supported by common stage base SB, but each is supported by an individual base.
- the stage apparatus of the present invention can be applied to a force reticle stage RST configured to be applied to a wafer stage.
- the stage device according to the present invention The force exemplified when applied to the scanning 'stepper'
- the stage device according to the present invention is not limited to the scope of application of the present invention
- the present invention can be suitably applied to a stationary type exposure apparatus such as a stepper for performing exposure while a mask and a substrate are stationary. Even in such a case, the safety can be improved by the stage device.
- the present invention relates to an exposure apparatus for transferring a device pattern onto a glass plate, which is used for manufacturing a display including a liquid crystal display element, a plasma display, and the like, in addition to an exposure apparatus used for manufacturing a semiconductor element. Used in the manufacture of magnetic heads
- the present invention can also be applied to an exposure apparatus that transfers a device pattern onto a ceramic wafer, and an exposure apparatus that is used for manufacturing an imaging device (such as a CCD).
- an imaging device such as a CCD
- an EUV (Extreme Ultraviolet) exposure apparatus In order to manufacture a reticle or a mask used in an optical exposure apparatus, an EUV (Extreme Ultraviolet) exposure apparatus, an X-ray exposure apparatus, an electron beam exposure apparatus, etc., which can be connected only with micro devices such as semiconductor elements.
- the present invention can also be applied to an exposure apparatus for transferring a circuit pattern onto a glass substrate or a silicon wafer.
- a transmissive reticle is generally used in an exposure apparatus using DUV (far ultraviolet) light or VUV (vacuum ultraviolet) light
- the reticle substrate is quartz glass, fluorine-doped quartz glass, or fluorescent glass. Stone, magnesium fluoride, quartz, or the like is used.
- a transmission type mask (stencil mask, membrane mask) is used in a proximity type X-ray exposure apparatus or an electron beam exposure apparatus, a reflection type mask is used in an EUV exposure apparatus, and a silicon substrate is used as a mask substrate. A wafer or the like is used.
- the stage apparatus is not limited to the exposure apparatus, but may be any other substrate processing apparatus (eg, a laser repair apparatus, a substrate inspection apparatus, or the like), or another precision machine. It can be widely applied to the sample positioning device in the above.
- a refraction system consisting solely of a refraction optical element (lens element) is mainly used.
- a light source or the like for example,
- a so-called catadioptric system combining a refractive optical element and a reflective optical element (such as a concave mirror or a beam splitter) or a reflective optical element only.
- the reflection optical system is mainly used. However, when an F laser light source is used, a refraction system can be used.
- the projection optical system may be either a unit magnification system or an enlargement system.
- the catadioptric projection optical system is not limited to the one described above.
- the projection optical system has a circular image field, and both the object surface side and the image surface side are telecentric, and the projection magnification is 1 Z4 times or A reduction system of 1Z5 times may be used.
- the irradiation area of the illumination light is substantially centered on its optical axis within the field of view of the projection optical system, and is substantially in the scanning direction of the reticle or wafer. It may be of a type defined as a rectangular slit extending along the orthogonal direction.
- an F-ray having a wavelength of 157 nm
- the exposure optical system in the exposure apparatus is not limited to the projection optical system, but may be a charged particle beam optical system such as an X-ray optical system or an electron optical system.
- the optical system can be configured to include an electron lens and a deflector.
- the electron gun a thermionic emission type lanthanum hexabolite (LaB), tantalum
- the present invention when the present invention is applied to an exposure apparatus using an electron optical system, a configuration using a mask may be used, or a configuration in which a pattern is formed on a substrate by electron beam direct drawing without using a mask. It is good. That is, the present invention provides an electron optical system as the exposure optical system. As long as it is an electron beam exposure apparatus that uses, any of a pencil beam method, a variable shaped beam method, a cell projection method, a blanking aperture method, and an EBPS can be applied.
- EUV light in the soft X-ray region having a wavelength of about 5 to 30 nm is used as the exposure illumination light in addition to the above-described light in the far ultraviolet region and the vacuum ultraviolet region. Also good.
- ArF excimer laser light or F laser light is used as vacuum ultraviolet light.
- DFB semiconductor laser or fiber laser power Infrared or visible wavelength single-wavelength laser light is radiated to a fiber amplifier doped with, for example, erbium (or both erbium and yttrium).
- a harmonic that has been amplified and converted to ultraviolet light using a nonlinear optical crystal may be used.
- the oscillation wavelength of the single-wavelength laser is in the range of 1.51-1.59 m
- the 10th harmonic within the range is output.
- the oscillation wavelength is in the range of 1.544-1.553 / zm
- an 8th harmonic with a generated wavelength in the range of 193-194 nm, that is, ultraviolet light having substantially the same wavelength as the ArF excimer laser light can be obtained.
- the oscillation wavelength is in the range of 1.57-1.58 / zm
- the oscillation wavelength is in the range of 1.03-1.12 m
- a seventh harmonic whose output wavelength is in the range of 147-160 nm is output, and especially the oscillation wavelength is 1.009-1.
- the generated harmonic is the 7th harmonic within the range of 157-158 m, that is, F laser light.
- Ultraviolet light having almost the same wavelength as 2 is obtained.
- a single-wavelength oscillation laser for example, an itbidium 'doped' fiber laser can be used.
- the present invention is not limited to the air levitation type using an air bearing, and a magnetic levitation type using Lorentz force may be used.
- the reaction force generated by the movement of the substrate stage may be mechanically released to the floor (ground) using a frame member as described in JP-A-8-166475.
- the reaction force generated by the movement of the reticle stage is described in JP-A-8-330224.
- a frame member may be used to mechanically escape to the floor (ground).
- the exposure apparatus can maintain various mechanical subsystems including the components described in the claims of the present application with predetermined mechanical accuracy, electrical accuracy, and optical accuracy. So, it is manufactured by assembling. To ensure these various precisions, before and after this assembly, adjustments to achieve optical precision for various optical systems, adjustments to achieve mechanical precision for various mechanical systems, Adjustments are made to achieve electrical accuracy for various electrical systems.
- Various subsystems The process of assembling the lithography system includes mechanical connections, electrical circuit wiring connections, and pneumatic circuit piping connections between the various subsystems. It goes without saying that there is an individual assembly process for each subsystem before the assembly process for the exposure system. After the process of assembling the various subsystems into the exposure apparatus is completed, comprehensive adjustments are made to ensure various precisions of the exposure apparatus as a whole. It is desirable to manufacture the exposure apparatus in a clean room where the temperature, cleanliness, etc. are controlled.
- a step 201 for designing the function and performance of the device a step 202 for manufacturing a mask (reticle) based on the design step, and a substrate as a base material of the device.
- (Wafer) manufacturing step 203 substrate processing step 204 of exposing a mask pattern onto a substrate using exposure apparatus EX of the above-described embodiment, device assembling step (including dicing step, bonding step, and package step) 205 It is manufactured through the inspection step 206 and the like.
- the stage driving method and the stage device of the present invention when a load corresponding to the thrust is applied to the guide portion when the stage is driven in the first direction, the direction in which the load is applied without resisting the load ( By rotating the guide portion in a direction around an axis perpendicular to the surface of the platen, the load can be absorbed as a counter mass. Therefore, the gap between the stage and the guide portion is not collapsed, and the occurrence of damage or the like can be suppressed.
- the gap is not collapsed, and damage is not generated. Can be suppressed.
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JP2005515422A JPWO2005048325A1 (ja) | 2003-11-17 | 2004-11-09 | ステージ駆動方法及びステージ装置並びに露光装置 |
EP04818466A EP1688988A1 (en) | 2003-11-17 | 2004-11-09 | Stage drive method, stage apparatus, and exposure apparatus |
US11/432,508 US20060215144A1 (en) | 2003-11-17 | 2006-05-12 | Stage drive method, stage apparatus, and exposure apparatus |
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JP2003-386572 | 2003-11-17 | ||
JP2003386572 | 2003-11-17 |
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US11/432,508 Continuation US20060215144A1 (en) | 2003-11-17 | 2006-05-12 | Stage drive method, stage apparatus, and exposure apparatus |
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WO2005048325A1 true WO2005048325A1 (ja) | 2005-05-26 |
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US (1) | US20060215144A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1688988A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2005048325A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20060109430A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005048325A1 (ja) |
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- 2004-11-09 WO PCT/JP2004/016584 patent/WO2005048325A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-11-09 KR KR1020067006593A patent/KR20060109430A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20060109430A (ko) | 2006-10-20 |
EP1688988A1 (en) | 2006-08-09 |
US20060215144A1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
JPWO2005048325A1 (ja) | 2007-11-29 |
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