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WO2000036907A1 - Dispositif electronique de detection des chaleurs - Google Patents

Dispositif electronique de detection des chaleurs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000036907A1
WO2000036907A1 PCT/US1999/031060 US9931060W WO0036907A1 WO 2000036907 A1 WO2000036907 A1 WO 2000036907A1 US 9931060 W US9931060 W US 9931060W WO 0036907 A1 WO0036907 A1 WO 0036907A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
estrus
detection device
electronic
estrus detection
time
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1999/031060
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rodney Claycomb
Scott Clark
Thomas Ebben
Shawn Koch
Jake Olson
Original Assignee
Ddx, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ddx, Inc. filed Critical Ddx, Inc.
Priority to IL14375699A priority Critical patent/IL143756A0/xx
Priority to AU23927/00A priority patent/AU2392700A/en
Priority to EP99967684A priority patent/EP1139727A4/fr
Priority to CA002352739A priority patent/CA2352739A1/fr
Priority to BR9916846-4A priority patent/BR9916846A/pt
Priority to MXPA01006237A priority patent/MXPA01006237A/es
Publication of WO2000036907A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000036907A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
    • A61D17/00—Devices for indicating trouble during labour of animals ; Methods or instruments for detecting pregnancy-related states of animals
    • A61D17/002—Devices for indicating trouble during labour of animals ; Methods or instruments for detecting pregnancy-related states of animals for detecting period of heat of animals, i.e. for detecting oestrus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of estrus detection, and
  • This application thus, describes an electronic device useful for determination of estrus, said device enabling, for example, an artificial insemination technician to appropriately determine the
  • AI computerized genetic selection and/or tracking and artificial insemination
  • the goal of a breeding program is to develop and further certain characteristics of a herd. For example, dairy farmers select to increase and maximize the milk production
  • Estrus detection may be the most
  • Behavioral indicators of cattle estrus include, for example, increased physical activity and mobility, increased vocalizations and certain mounting behaviors. During estrus there is an increased frequency of mounting of other
  • a cow's estrus cycle is approximately 21 days. Therefore, a cow comes
  • cows exhibiting less than 3 standing events prior to insemination have 41% lower odds of pregnancy than cows inseminated following greater than or equal to 3 standing events (Dransfield et al. (1998) J. Dairy Sci.
  • estrus If the onset of estrus is unknown, insemination should be performed within 4 to 12 hours of observation of estrus (Dransfield et al., Supra). Based on a 280-day pregnancy, after which calving occurs, it is necessary to impregnate that cow within 45-60 days after calving to optimize production. Therefore, accurate and
  • estrus a preferred system must determine estrus based on a threshold of 3 mounts in 4 hours, so that insemination may be
  • Said detector may measure increments of mounts or may be modified to indicate estrus based on a mount- second index.
  • Either embodiment is a counting device requiring manual daily
  • a force responsive sensor provides data regarding mounting behavior and standing heat mount occurrence during a fixed period that
  • a signal is broadcast to a receiver, allowing the herdsman to breed or inseminate
  • This device precludes the necessity of daily, direct animal
  • implanted devices subcutaneous or otherwise, present a number of issues, for example, surgical implantation of the device itself, retrieval of a failed device, retrieval of devices from culled animals, infection at the implantation site
  • APPARATUS FOR DETECTING STANDING HEAT IN CATTLE discloses an electronic module, including a readout display and indicators connected to a membrane switch actuated by mounting activity. Said module is housed in a
  • the switch When mounted, the switch actuates the timer and indicators.
  • the display flashes, indicating estrus. Said device detects the onset of estrus.
  • Shortcomings found in the prior art include, for example, the detection of the onset of estrus rather than detection of estrus, the necessity of surgical procedures, and the necessity of complex and/or computer-based systems.
  • Heat Watch® U.S. Patent no. 5,542,431 specifically incorporated herein by
  • the present invention overcomes these drawbacks, fulfilling the need for accurate
  • estrus detection device for determination of estrus
  • said device indicating suspected heat, confirmed heat and/or time to breed by pulsing LED or LEDs and/or various
  • This invention is based on a novel concept for determination of optimal insemination timing in cattle in order to result in maximum production levels ⁇
  • estrus detection device for determination of optimal breeding time that is affixed to the tail-head area of a cow is disclosed; said device indicating suspected heat, confirmed heat and/or time to breed by visible indicator
  • breeding time detection is determined by the application of heat mount data input
  • the number of mounts per hour, the number of mounts per estrus or the number of mounts per time period is more specifically, the number of mounts per hour, the number of mounts per estrus or the number of mounts per time period. Simple user observation of the device indicates which cow or cows to further monitor and/or breed.
  • the present invention is a self-contained, watertight detection device for
  • optimum breeding time calculation including a housing and an electronic means for detecting, processing and indicating mounting activity data housed therein.
  • Said electronic means may include a controller means, a processing means, a
  • the electronic means includes an internal controller chip, a power source, a pressure sensitive switch, and at least one visible indicator display. It may further include a read data switch and a digital display; said device is programmed to be capable of applying an algorithm to actual mounting data and
  • the controller means is a microprocessor
  • the power means includes at least one battery
  • the activation means is a force activated switch
  • indicating means includes at least one LED.
  • the electronic means of the estrus detection device detects mounting activity, actuating the processing means
  • the device is affixed to the tailhead area of a cow, for example, within a
  • the pressure sensitive switch is, thus,
  • the assembly or housing of the instant invention is highly suitable for the above-stated purposes as it is made from any number of plastic, or the like,
  • the instant invention is a simple, reliable, self-contained electronic device for estrus detection that employs an algorithm to determine optimal insemination time.
  • the present invention when practiced as disclosed herein, accurately detects estrus and optimal breeding time and indicates same via simple observation of the device.
  • Said device is applicable to all non-human animals displaying estrus cycle and mounting related activities.
  • the instant invention thus, is useful in dairy and beef cattle estrus detection, but is not intended to be limited thereto.
  • the instant device is a self-contained, battery operated
  • the electronic device is encased and sealed in a clear housing facilitating water resistance and optimal visible signal observation
  • source portion of the device is encased in its own sealed housing adapted to
  • An electronic estrus detection device is provided that obtains mounting activity related data and may incorporate other relevant factors in
  • system is capable of computer hardware and/or software integration for data
  • an electronic estrus detection device including a housing in which electronic components for estrus detection are housed. More specifically, such electronic components may include an internal
  • controller chip a power source, a pressure sensitive switch, a read data switch, a
  • other customizing features and specifications for example, integrated motion sensors or alternate data analysis/presentation elements.
  • Figure 1 is a top view of a preferred embodiment of the estrus detection device of the instant invention.
  • Figure 2 is a top view of another preferred embodiment of the estrus
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram representation of the circuitry of the preferred embodiment
  • Figure 4 illustrates diagrammatically the estrus determination algorithm and optimal insemination timing upon which the invention is based.
  • Figure 5a is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the estrus detection device of the instant device depicted in Figure 1.
  • Figure 5b is a side view of a preferred embodiment of the estrus detection device of the instant device depicted in Figures 1 and 5a.
  • Figure 6a is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the estrus detection device of the instant device depicted in Figure 2.
  • Figure 6b is a side view of a preferred embodiment of the estrus detection
  • FIGS 7a-d are perspective views illustrating the optimal placement of the device employing a patch assembly (a), a tail-wrap assembly (b), a tail-sheath assembly (c) and a combination thereof (d).
  • Figure 8 is a schematic of the printed circuit board layout a preferred embodiment of the device.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic of the printed circuit board layout of the second
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of another alternate preferred embodiment of the estrus detection device of the instant device.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of integral combination of the base portion, internal electronics and cover portion of the instant device.
  • the present invention provides an electronic estrus detection device useful
  • Said device provides six generally rectangular surfaces (see Figure 5); a lower surface that rests generally horizontally against the tail head area of a cow, an opposite facing upper surface upon which a pressure sensitive switch and digital
  • each of the lower and upper surfaces one of which houses a recessed read data switch 30 and another of which houses at least one visible display means.
  • FIG. 1 Another preferred embodiment's detailed external, top view of a generally rectangular box shaped detection device 5, as shown in Figure 2, provides a pressure sensitive switch 15 and a recessed read/reset switch 30 on the upper surface. Said device carrying the same general shape as the first embodiment, see Figure 6.
  • predetermined and preset thresholds e.g., 3 mounts in 4 hours.
  • the details of the basic structure of the preferred embodiment of the invention include two major portions: the housing 10 and the electronic
  • the injection molded housing 10 is constructed of
  • the base portion 11 is a planar, generally rectangular section upon which the electronic circuitry components 13 are mounted.
  • the cover portion 12 is generally concave and of a shape and size that
  • window or windows 14 may be strategically placed in an opaque housing via custom injection molding techniques accepted in the art.
  • the base portion 11 of the housing is connectable to the cover portion 12 using, for example, standard injection molding techniques.
  • a power source e.g., a battery or batteries
  • supports may be provided that are attached to
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • This circuitry includes a pressure sensitive switch assembly that is activated during a cow mount and is engaged by a switch contact section. Battery connectors are attached to the PCB and provide the electrical connection between the battery and PCB circuit paths in order to supply a power source to the circuitry components 13.
  • Figure 3 sets out portions of electronic componentry of a preferred embodiment
  • the controller chip 40 then actuates and operates the digital display 25 and the visible indicator or the indicators 20.
  • the controller 40 may also directly drive the display 25.
  • Each actuation of the pressure sensitive switch 15 caused by mounting activity sends a
  • the controller chip 40 debounces the input signal, thereby preventing the recordation of any signal of duration less than a preset threshold, e.g. 3 seconds.
  • a preset threshold e.g. 3 seconds.
  • additional resistors and/or capacitors may be added to the system as
  • the pressure sensitive switch 15 is activated during a mount. Activation of the pressure sensitive switch 15 during a mount causes power from the battery 35 to be applied to the circuitry of the device.
  • the counter continues to count pulses beginning with the switch closure until it opens at the end of the mount.
  • a timer circuit is also powered on or activated.
  • a battery power status unit may be added to the system. The system provided by this unit may be used to inform the user that the battery is low or
  • each mount that exceeds a predetermined time interval may be given the same significance in
  • the timer circuit may also include circuitry that compensates for
  • the timer circuit utilized a threshold related time and, unless this
  • the counter continued to count and keeps track of time in accordance with the occurrence of a single mount. That is, instead of the
  • the timer circuit maintains the counting and the monitoring of the mount time, unless the predetermined threshold of time was exceeded.
  • a programmed microcontroller 40 for example, a microcontroller performs the counting operation to monitor heat mount time.
  • fundamental mount data i.e., the duration of heat mounts during the
  • microcontroller may be programmed into the microcontroller in order to accurately determine the optimum time to breed. Additional data to be monitored may
  • the instant device is operated by a power source 35, for example, a button- cell type battery.
  • a power source 35 for example, a button- cell type battery.
  • a button- cell type battery keeps the profile of the device to a minimum. Further, the life of the device may be adjusted, up or down, by battery
  • button-cell batteries in series may be
  • the device as a whole may be considered disposable and employ a battery having a specific life.
  • separately encasing the battery or battery receiving means may be considered disposable and employ a battery having a specific life.
  • the preferred device is programmed to apply an algorithm, e.g., 3 mounts in 4 hours of actual mounting activity, to determine estrus and the optimal breeding time.
  • the estrus determination algorithm and optimal insemination are programmed to apply an algorithm, e.g., 3 mounts in 4 hours of actual mounting activity, to determine estrus and the optimal breeding time.
  • Figure 7d incorporates aspects of each attachment assembly into a single
  • connection element Accordingly, improper positioning prevents mounting activity actuation of the device and failed estrus detection.
  • the bulk of the apparatus is composed of a material that facilitates the necessary rigidity and robust structure to withstand multiple mounting activity, for
  • ABS plastic is a preferred material
  • the device disclosed herein is, in use, is semi-permanently affixed to the tail-head area of the animal with assemblies as described supra.
  • Figures 7a-d show the estrus detector optimally positioned in the tail-head area of a monitored
  • the detector preferably rests within a protective pouch of an attachment assembly, which may itself be transparent, so as to not obstruct an observer's view of the device.
  • the pouch may be constructed from, for example,
  • the controller 40 powers down and/or reverts to what is generally considered sleep
  • a visible indicator 20 or indicators are activated.
  • embodiments employ any long life battery, such as, lithium.
  • Long life being defined as a battery having a life of approximately 50 mA-hour or more capacity.
  • the estimated hour capacity of the preferred BR2032 Button Cell battery then is 190 mA-hours.
  • the described device then has a minimum
  • the operating and shelf lives of the device may be altered based on, for example, battery selection, visible indicator pulse rate and ancillary electronic componentry. Pulsing and/or pulse rate is known to increase visibility to the human eye, and therefore, in preferred
  • the pressure sensitive switch 15 is activated by the weight of a mounting herdmate when mounting activity persists for a preset minimum time period, for example 3 seconds. A count of individual mounts meeting the
  • time threshold for depression of the pressure sensitive switch 15 avoids false counts.
  • an electronic timer begins counting hours and minutes from activation of the pressure sensitive switch 15, and may round to the
  • a visible indicator 20 such as LED
  • the display begins pulsing indicating mounting activity.
  • the device is read by the herdsman using the read data switch 30, salient data independently recorded and the device reset.
  • displays 20 replace the digital display and single LED. Upon activation based on
  • the LED displays pulse.
  • Each LED representing a 2 count and all LEDs pulse for counts per hours of 12 and above.
  • the number of LEDs pulsing increases.
  • Recordation of salient data may be achieved, for example, manually, via passive RF communication or via infrared port.
  • the device may be fitted with
  • herdsman user approaches the device, and in the first embodiment reads, the digital display before depressing the read data switch to obtain mount and timer information.
  • a time-threshold may be set, for example 3 seconds, after which depression of only the read data switch resets the mount counter and timer.
  • display preferably 2-digit, is the device profile defining component.
  • preferred QT MAN4900A display is approximately 0.2 inches tall and has a
  • the resulting housing then is approximately 1.50"W x 4.00"L x 0.40-0.45"D.
  • the cover portion of the housing further
  • Said flexible portions are preferably constructed of elastomer
  • Two-digit digital display is provided by 2, 7 segment LED displays.
  • digital display may be achieved by other means, such as liquid crystal or light-emitting diode.
  • the use of LED display is merely representative.
  • multiple LEDs are located at one end within one of the two, shorter length vertical surfaces of the device.
  • the use of multiple LEDs facilitates a smaller statured device than that of the first described preferred embodiment. For example, using 6 individual LEDs, the device's
  • the visible indicator or indicators in each of the preferred embodiments are provided by LED displays. In one of the preferred embodiments, a single LED is employed with the digital display. Another embodiment employs 6 individual LEDs.
  • a diagnostic function sequence may be
  • the pressure sensitive switch 15 is connected via appropriate circuitry to an internal controller chip 40, set forth more fully with respect to Figure 2.
  • the electronic portion 13 of the device 5 is hermetically sealed within the housing 10
  • a pressure sensitive switch 15 is activated, at a flash level of approximately 4 mA per flash, for a 0.1 second flash every 1.5 seconds. Based on a 21 day cycle including a confirmation cycle, the LED 20
  • flash usage is approximately once every 33 days standing estrus is defined when a
  • cow has 3 standing events in any 4-hour period; fewer standing events are suspected estrus ⁇ quantitative, linear logistic regression.
  • FIGS 8 and 9 schematically set forth preferred circuitry of the preferred device embodiments' printed circuit board (PCB) layouts. Said schematics are illustrative only; any number of functional PCB layouts may be provided by one skilled in the art.
  • an onset of estrus is first detected by determining whether a predetermined threshold was met or occurred. This predetermined threshold related to an onset of estrus
  • predetermined time interval If this predetermined threshold is met, further analysis is conducted to obtain a peak estrus value that is useful in determining an optimal, or at least desirable, breeding time. Such a predetermined threshold falls
  • PEV peak estrus value
  • this average can be weighted according to the duration of the

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pregnancy & Childbirth (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif électronique permettant de détecter les chaleurs (5), ce dispositif pouvant être fixé à proximité de la queue d'une vache. Ce dispositif (5) permet de déterminer avec précision la période de reproduction optimale, naturelle ou artificielle, en fonction de la recherche d'accouplement. Ce dispositif (5) comprend un logement résistant à l'eau (10), à l'intérieur duquel est placé la partie électronique de ce dispositif (5) qui comporte un organe de commande (40), un organe d'alimentation (35), un organe d'activation (15), un organe de lecture des données (30), et au moins un organe d'affichage (25). Ce dispositif (5) permet de déterminer, et par la suite d'indiquer, sur la base d'un algorithme, la période de chaleurs supposée ou confirmée. Cette invention (5), qui peut notamment être utilisée pour tout animal non humain en période de chaleurs et/ou recherchant l'accouplement, ce qui indique un cycle de chaleurs, permet à la fois d'établir des données relatives au chevauchement en fonction du cycle de chaleurs et d'analyser ces données afin de définir la période de reproduction optimale.
PCT/US1999/031060 1998-12-22 1999-12-22 Dispositif electronique de detection des chaleurs WO2000036907A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL14375699A IL143756A0 (en) 1998-12-22 1999-12-22 Electronic estrus detection device
AU23927/00A AU2392700A (en) 1998-12-22 1999-12-22 Electronic estrus detection device
EP99967684A EP1139727A4 (fr) 1998-12-22 1999-12-22 Dispositif electronique de detection des chaleurs
CA002352739A CA2352739A1 (fr) 1998-12-22 1999-12-22 Dispositif electronique de detection des chaleurs
BR9916846-4A BR9916846A (pt) 1998-12-22 1999-12-22 Dispositivo eletrônico de deteccção de estro
MXPA01006237A MXPA01006237A (es) 1998-12-22 1999-12-22 Dispositivo electronico para la deteccion de estro.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11320298P 1998-12-22 1998-12-22
US60/113,202 1998-12-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000036907A1 true WO2000036907A1 (fr) 2000-06-29

Family

ID=22348125

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1999/031060 WO2000036907A1 (fr) 1998-12-22 1999-12-22 Dispositif electronique de detection des chaleurs

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1139727A4 (fr)
AU (1) AU2392700A (fr)
BR (1) BR9916846A (fr)
CA (1) CA2352739A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL143756A0 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA01006237A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000036907A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004064670A1 (fr) 2003-01-24 2004-08-05 Vitron (Ireland) Limited Dispositif et procede de detection du rut chez un animal
WO2005070326A1 (fr) * 2004-01-21 2005-08-04 Clarencew Pty Ltd Systeme et processus de determination visant a savoir si un animal est en chaleur
US7230535B2 (en) 2003-07-17 2007-06-12 Jackson Iii William R Method and apparatus for monitoring breeding behavior
WO2009011641A1 (fr) 2007-07-13 2009-01-22 Delaval Holding Ab Procédé pour détecter un comportement oestrale d'un animal à lait
US7927287B2 (en) 2006-11-09 2011-04-19 Mark Anderson Herd management technology
EP2999407A4 (fr) * 2013-05-20 2017-02-08 Accelerenz Limited Appareil capteur, systèmes et procédés associés
CN114375158A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2022-04-19 日本火腿株式会社 母猪用发情判定装置、母猪发情判定方法和母猪发情判定程序
US11617352B2 (en) 2018-01-23 2023-04-04 William R. Jackson, III Method and apparatus for detection of estrus and optimal time for embryo transfer or artificial insemination in animals

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US4635587A (en) 1985-06-06 1987-01-13 Cowtronics, Inc. Method and apparatus for detecting standing heat in cattle
US4895165A (en) 1987-10-02 1990-01-23 Blair William D Electronic estrus detector
US5111799A (en) 1990-03-28 1992-05-12 Washington State University Research Foundation, Inc. Estrous detection systems
JPH0739268A (ja) * 1993-07-28 1995-02-10 Kubota Corp 歩行動物管理システム
WO1995032616A1 (fr) * 1994-06-01 1995-12-07 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Indicateur d'identite et d'×strus chez la vache
US5542431A (en) * 1993-06-30 1996-08-06 Ddx Incorporated Heat detection for animals including cows
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US3844273A (en) 1972-04-24 1974-10-29 Contel Corp Method and apparatus for animal heat detection and recording
GB2076259A (en) * 1980-05-13 1981-11-25 Rodrian James A Animal identification and estrus detection system
US4635587A (en) 1985-06-06 1987-01-13 Cowtronics, Inc. Method and apparatus for detecting standing heat in cattle
US4895165A (en) 1987-10-02 1990-01-23 Blair William D Electronic estrus detector
US5111799A (en) 1990-03-28 1992-05-12 Washington State University Research Foundation, Inc. Estrous detection systems
US5542431A (en) * 1993-06-30 1996-08-06 Ddx Incorporated Heat detection for animals including cows
JPH0739268A (ja) * 1993-07-28 1995-02-10 Kubota Corp 歩行動物管理システム
WO1995032616A1 (fr) * 1994-06-01 1995-12-07 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Indicateur d'identite et d'×strus chez la vache
US5881673A (en) * 1997-09-25 1999-03-16 Beach; Mark Heat detection system

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Title
See also references of EP1139727A4

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004064670A1 (fr) 2003-01-24 2004-08-05 Vitron (Ireland) Limited Dispositif et procede de detection du rut chez un animal
US7230535B2 (en) 2003-07-17 2007-06-12 Jackson Iii William R Method and apparatus for monitoring breeding behavior
WO2005070326A1 (fr) * 2004-01-21 2005-08-04 Clarencew Pty Ltd Systeme et processus de determination visant a savoir si un animal est en chaleur
US7927287B2 (en) 2006-11-09 2011-04-19 Mark Anderson Herd management technology
WO2009011641A1 (fr) 2007-07-13 2009-01-22 Delaval Holding Ab Procédé pour détecter un comportement oestrale d'un animal à lait
EP2166836A4 (fr) * 2007-07-13 2016-11-02 Delaval Holding Ab Procédé pour détecter un comportement oestrale d'un animal à lait
EP2999407A4 (fr) * 2013-05-20 2017-02-08 Accelerenz Limited Appareil capteur, systèmes et procédés associés
US10080348B2 (en) 2013-05-20 2018-09-25 St Reproductive Technologies, Llc Sensor apparatus and associated systems and methods
US10349632B2 (en) 2013-05-20 2019-07-16 St Reproductive Technologies, Llc Sensor apparatus and associated systems and methods
US10555504B2 (en) 2013-05-20 2020-02-11 St Reproductive Technologies, Llc Sensor apparatus and associated systems and methods
US10932451B2 (en) 2013-05-20 2021-03-02 St Reproductive Technologies, Llc Sensor apparatus and associated systems and methods
US11617352B2 (en) 2018-01-23 2023-04-04 William R. Jackson, III Method and apparatus for detection of estrus and optimal time for embryo transfer or artificial insemination in animals
CN114375158A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2022-04-19 日本火腿株式会社 母猪用发情判定装置、母猪发情判定方法和母猪发情判定程序
CN114375158B (zh) * 2019-09-06 2023-11-17 日本火腿株式会社 母猪用发情判定装置、母猪发情判定方法和母猪发情判定程序

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MXPA01006237A (es) 2002-04-17
AU2392700A (en) 2000-07-12
CA2352739A1 (fr) 2000-06-29
IL143756A0 (en) 2002-04-21
EP1139727A1 (fr) 2001-10-10
BR9916846A (pt) 2001-12-04
EP1139727A4 (fr) 2005-04-06

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