WO2000053040A1

WO2000053040A1 - Method for modelling a human body

Info

Publication number: WO2000053040A1
Application number: PCT/FR2000/000575
Authority: WO
Inventors: Alexandre Kung Keung-Lung
Original assignee: Tpc International
Priority date: 1999-03-08
Filing date: 2000-03-08
Publication date: 2000-09-14
Also published as: FR2790647B1; FR2790647A1; AU5647200A

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for modelling a real human body from a virtual reference dummy, the method being particularly designed to enable subsequent construction for parts of garments or the production of a dummy. The invention is characterised in that it consists in: determining on the real body and on the reference dummy a set of planes, lines and one-to-one fundamental points, whereof the combination enables to produce a reading of attitude, conformation and build of the real body, so as to determine planes in vertical and horizontal sections at least of the trunk of the real body; transferring the reading to the reference dummy; modifying the reference dummy using the reading so that the dummy adopts the attitude and the conformation of the real body. Preferably, the dummy is modified by levelling the interactive partial planes about one at least of the fundamental points independently of all anthropometric measurement.

Description

PROCESS FOR MODELING A HUMAN BODY

The present invention relates to a method of modeling a real human body from a reference mannequin, in particular intended for the subsequent construction of patterns of pieces of clothing for women as well as for men and for children, for cutting automated garment parts, the production of a mannequin or equivalent.

Traditionally, making a pattern involves taking the measurements of the person who will be dressed, but this empirical technology gives only approximate results in making and it is generally necessary to repeat or retouch the garment repeatedly got to get a good fall out of it. This leads to additional costs and significant delays.

Modern computer resources have greatly improved the processes used. Thus, document EP-A-0 537 388 describes a process making it possible to obtain a personalized pattern. This process essentially consists in choosing a standard pattern that we will use, and in modifying it according to empirical measurements carried out on the person. Such a process allows a tailor equipped appropriate IT resources to obtain an appropriate pattern much more quickly, which significantly reduces the time spent on retouching or research.

In document WO-A-9605560, a method and a system are described making it possible to directly obtain a virtual personalized pattern subsequently used directly by a machine for cutting pieces of fabric. The system allows the person to try on the garment before the actual cutting of the fabric so as to optimize the manufacturing of the garment using the services of an expert system pre-recorded in a computer.

In all cases, it is however necessary that the person makes at least a fitting of the chosen garment and that alterations are carried out before or after cutting the pieces of the chosen fabric. The method remains empirical and approximate, since it consists only in modifying an existing pattern in response to taking anthropometric measurements carried out by hand and in comparing the measurements with those of a standard model.

The document FR-A-2746601 describes a process for the tailor-made production of an undergarment adapted to the body of the person who will wear it. To this end, the body of the person is measured by means of a non-contact three-dimensional measuring device, capable of simultaneously measuring the entire body "naked" of the person, such as the device described in the Japanese document 64-34329 (1989). The data is compensated according to the desired visual appearance and the desired range. Here again, the dimensional data of a large number of people are previously collected and stored in the memory of a computer. Consequently, the measurements carried out only make it possible to correct or adapt an existing model. We also know the document US-A-5 163006 which relates to a complex process using a video camera to define a female mannequin bust for the production of a swimsuit.

This document does not provide any instruction for the realization of other types of clothing.

Document DE-A-196 20 144 teaches the possibility of defining four horizontal axes relating respectively to the neck, the chest, the waist and the crotch fork. These horizontal axes are totally insufficient to determine a build. This teaching is therefore not usable per se to make a pattern.

Document US-A-4885844 describes, for its part, a system for entering the dimensions of a body. These measurements alone are without result for the realization of a pattern, because the attitude of the body is not taken into account.

The present invention is situated in this context and has the primary purpose of overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks.

Another object of the invention is to carry out a modeling of a human body without having to compare the body with pre-recorded data, which is very harmful since it is known that less than 2% of people of a same population and same sex have strictly identical measurements.

Another object of the present invention is to perform modeling of a human body independently of the sex, age and forms of the person concerned. Document WO-A-9406315 describes a remarkable method of designing three-dimensional patterns for pieces of garment with sleeves. This method gives priority to the "fit" of a garment and advantageously completes the present invention, since it can be easily implemented following the modeling method of the present invention.

The invention therefore relates to a method of modeling a real human body from a virtual reference mannequin, this method being in particular intended to allow the subsequent construction of a pattern for pieces of clothing or the production of a mannequin .

According to the invention, a set of planes, lines and one-to-one fundamental points is determined on the real body and on the reference mannequin, the combination of which makes it possible to take a reading of the attitude, the conformation and the corpulence of the real body, so as to determine planes in vertical and horizontal sections at least of the trunk of the real body, the reading is transferred to the reference mannequin, and the reference mannequin is modified by means of the reading so that the mannequin adopts the attitude and conformation of the real body.

Preferably, the modification of the dummy is carried out by angular tilting of interactive partial planes around at least one of the aforementioned fundamental points independently of any anthropometric measurement.

The determination of the set of planes, lines and fundamental points on the real body is carried out either from at least three views taken respectively from the front, side and back of the standing human body, or by means of a device for taking views in three dimensions, in particular with electronic scanning. Advantageously, an additional shot is taken from above vertically of the head of the human body, so as to visualize the plane of the shoulders.

Initially, the system stores on each of the views a first vertical line and a first horizontal line both passing through the navel of the body, the vertical line extending to its intersection with the support polygon defined by the two feet , a second horizontal line passing through the midpoint of the nape of the neck, second and third vertical lines passing respectively through the heel support points, a third horizontal line passing through the high point of the crotch, a fourth horizontal line passing at the knees, and a fifth horizontal line passing at the level of the chest.

Preferably, the system then stores in the profile view, a neck line perpendicular to the neck and passing through the intersection of the first vertical line and the second horizontal line, back and front tilt lines from from the intersection of the first horizontal line and the curved line of fork defined by the crotch, the lines of inclination being rectilinear and approximately following the external profiles of the torso.

Advantageously, the system stores, in addition, on at least one of the views taken from the front and from the back, two straight lines coming from the point of intersection of the first vertical line and the second horizontal line and passing through the load-bearing points on the shoulders, so as to determine the slope of the shoulders. Consequently, known computer means make it possible to calculate and represent the body in three dimensions with both horizontal and vertical sections of the body clearly determined and taking into account the attitude of the body. Then, teaching the aforementioned document WO-A-9406315 can be very easily implemented.

Such a process makes it possible to establish all of the inter-relational values connecting the body and the structure of the garment created, which makes it a tool suited to the profession of tailor-made tailoring, to lingerie and to industrial clothing. It also makes it possible to get rid of the static character of the posture of a mannequin built on the basis strictly of anthropometric measurements alone, without integrating the possible angular attitudes of the postures however fundamental with regard to the well-being and comfort of any what type of clothing.

The invention will be better understood, and other objects, advantages and characteristics thereof will appear more clearly on reading the following description of a preferred embodiment given without limitation and in which seven drawing boards are annexed on which:

Figures 1 a, b and c illustrate the three views respectively from the front, side and back of the body of a boy; Figures 2 a, b and c show these same three views for a man's body;

Figures 3 a, b and c show these same three views for a woman's body;

Figures 4 a and b illustrate seen respectively from the front and in profile the woman's body shown in Figures 3 a to c in three dimensions and showing the remarkable lines; Figure 5 shows the female body of Figures 4 slightly in profile;

Figure 6 schematically illustrates in vertical profile section a modeling means according to the invention; and Figure 7 similarly illustrates but in horizontal section the modeling means of Figure 6.

Referring now more particularly to the Figures which have just been succinctly described, Figures 1 to 3 illustrate the method of the invention from three two-dimensional shots. The figures referenced a are front views of the body, the figures referenced b are side views, while the figures referenced c are rear views.

The description below essentially refers to two-dimensional views to facilitate understanding of the invention, but, as will be seen later, the method according to the invention also applies to three-dimensional views.

The system first stores a set of fundamental lines on each of the views. Among these, a first vertical line 10 and a first horizontal line 12, called the navel line, both pass through the navel 14 of the body, the vertical line 10 extending to its intersection 16 with the defined support polygon. by both feet.

The system then stores a second horizontal line

18 passing through the mid-point of the neck, then a second vertical line 20 and a third vertical line 22 passing respectively through the support points of the heels. The distance between the second horizontal line 18 and the navel line 12 determines the waist-back length.

A third horizontal line 24, called the fork line, passes through the high point of the crotch. We thus determined the fork height which is equal to the distance between lines 12 and 24.

A fourth horizontal line 26 passes at the knees, and a fifth horizontal line 28, called the upright line, passes at the level of the chest.

A horizontal head line 30 makes it possible to determine the height of the head which corresponds to the distance between the two horizontal lines 18 and 30.

The system then stores in the profile view and referenced b in Figures 1 to 3, a neck line 32, also called neck line, perpendicular to the neck and passing through the intersection of the first vertical line 10 and the second horizontal line 18, and the curved line of fit 34 defined by the crotch and extending to the horizontal navel line 12 which, in children, is generally confused with the waist line referenced 12 N

Still on the Figures referenced b, the system memorizes the lines of inclination of the back 36 and of the front 38 originating from the intersection of the first horizontal line 12 and the curved line of fork 34. These inclination lines 36, 38 are rectilinear and approximately follow the external profiles of the torso. These tilt lines 36, 38 are extremely important for the subsequent creation of a pattern. The system also stores, on at least one of the views taken from the front and from the back, respectively referenced a and c in FIGS. 1 to 3, two rectilinear lines 40, 42 determining the slope of the shoulders, and coming from the point of intersection of the first vertical line 10 and the second horizontal line 18 and passing through the bearing points on the shoulders determined as being the points of intersection of the shoulders with the vertical lines 20, 22.

The figures referenced a and c also relate to the middle lines 44, 48 passing through the armpits and the lines 50, 52 determining the width of the shoulders.

An attitude line 54 or sleeves orientation line is drawn in the Figures referenced b in profile view, from the point of intersection of the first vertical line 10 and the second horizontal line 18 in the axis of the arm . This line 54 makes an angle with the vertical, an angle which practically determines the attitude of the body. This line 54 is also extremely important for the subsequent production of a pattern, in that it conditions the "fit" of a garment.

And it is perpendicular to this line 54 that the hinge line 56 joins the two hinge points under the arms, thus making it possible to determine the positioning of the armhole, as represented by the curved armhole line 58 drawn only in the Figure lb.

We thus clearly determined an anthropometric definition process allowing the analysis of a human body and an easy subsequent construction of a pattern for a garment, since all the necessary parameters are noted there. For example, the height of the fork is determined by the distance between the horizontal lines 12 and 24, the length of the back is determined by the distance between the horizontal lines 18 and 12. The vertical lines 20, 22 are used to determine the balance .

In Figures 4a, 4b and 5, there is shown a female body taken in three dimensions, respectively viewed from the front, in profile and in third profile. The representation is advantageously obtained directly by means of an electronic scanning device often called a scanner.

The same lines as those previously described are seen there, only certain construction lines being omitted for clarity.

However, a horizontal line called under the breast 60 has been added, which is very useful for determining the size of the breast, and a horizontal pelvis line 62.

In Figure 6, there is shown in vertical section the trunk of a body on which we recognize the armhole lines 44, neckline 32, the navel line 12. The neckline 32 is perpendicular to the axis 76 of the neck. In dashes, a change in the attitude of the body has been shown. It can thus be seen that a slight rotation of the neck line 32 results in a modification of the location of the point 82 of the armhole line 44, which results in a rotation of the line 70 which is parallel to the line of inclination of the back 36 and passing through point 74 of line 80. A rotation of the plane symbolized by line 70 around the fundamental point 80 therefore interactively moves line 76 to restore the balance of the body. Similarly, the plane symbolized by the line 78 will undergo a tilting to follow the line of the legs 78.

In Figure 7, the same model is shown seen in horizontal section. Those skilled in the art will recognize the armhole or middle lines 44 and 48, as well as the bearing points 72, 72 ′. It can be seen that a slight rotation of the plane around the bearing points 72, 72 ′ also makes it possible to correct the attitude as a function of that of the real human body.

The modification of the mannequin is therefore carried out by tilting interactive partial plans around at least one of the fundamental points independently of any anthropometric measurement.

The determination of the set of planes, lines and fundamental points on the real body is carried out either from at least three views taken respectively from the front, side and back of the standing human body, or by means of a device for taking three-dimensional views, in particular electronic scanning. An additional shot is taken from above vertical to the head of the human body, so as to visualize the shoulders, as illustrated in Figure 7.

The views can be taken against a background with vertical, horizontal and / or oblique reference lines. For taking pictures, the real human body preferably carries means for automatically locating the planes, lines and fundamental points defined above.

The marking means are, for example, constituted by at least one ribbon, the color of which contrasts with that of the body real, this ribbon passing at least under the arms and on both sides of the neck. The tracking means comprise, for example, a ruler placed at the high point of the crotch.

The human body being thus represented in three dimensions, it becomes very simple for a computer means to obtain all the dimensions necessary for the analysis, the aforementioned lines becoming lines of cross section of the body at different significant levels, allowing, for example to determine the diameter of the body at these points and its attitude.

The important points brought by the invention are, of course, as those skilled in the art will understand, in particular the precise knowledge of the neck, armhole and forks, as well as the attitude of the body.

Finally, it should be noted that the invention can also be applied to industrial covering, for example for covering seats or sofas.

Although we have represented and described what are currently considered to be the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is obvious that those skilled in the art will be able to make various changes and modifications thereto without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

R E V E N D I C AT I O N S

1 - Method for modeling a real human body from a virtual reference mannequin, said method being in particular intended to allow the subsequent construction of a pattern for pieces of clothing or the production of a mannequin, characterized in what is determined on the real body and on the reference mannequin a set of planes, lines and one-to-one fundamental points, the combination of which makes it possible to carry out a statement of the attitude, the conformation and the corpulence of said body real, so as to determine planes in vertical and horizontal sections at least of the trunk of said real body, the said statement is transferred to said reference mannequin, and the said reference mannequin is modified by means of said statement so that that the said model adopts the attitude and the conformation of the said real body.

2 - Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the modification of said dummy is carried out by angular tilting of interactive partial planes around at least one of said fundamental points independently of any anthropometric measurement.

3 - Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the determination on the real body of said set of planes, lines and fundamental points is carried out either from at least three views taken respectively from the front, from the side and from the back of said standing human body, or by means of a three-dimensional camera, in particular with electronic scanning.

4 - Method according to claim 3, characterized in that an additional shot is taken from above vertical to the head of said human body, so as to view the shoulders.

5 - Method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that said views are taken in front of a bottom carrying vertical, horizontal and / or oblique reference lines.

6 - Method according to any of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that said real body carries means for automatically locating said planes, lines and fundamental points.

7 - Method according to claim 6, characterized in that said locating means are constituted by at least one ribbon whose color contrasts with that of said real body, said at least one ribbon passing under the arms and on the other hand on the other side of the neck.

8 - Method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that said locating means comprise a rule placed at the high point of the crotch.

9 - Method according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the system stores on each of the views a first vertical line (10), said positioning line, and a first horizontal line (12) both passing through the navel (14) of said body, said first vertical line (10) extending to its intersection (16) with the polygon of lift defined by the two feet, a second horizontal line (18) passing through the mid-point of the nape of the neck, second and third vertical lines (20, 22) passing respectively through the heel support points, a third horizontal line ( 24) passing through the high point of the crotch, a fourth horizontal line (26) passing at the knees, and a fifth horizontal line (28) passing at the level of the chest.

10 - Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the system stores, in addition, on the profile view, a line of attitude and orientation of the sleeves (54) from the point of intersection of the first line vertical (10) to the second horizontal line (18) in the axis of the arm, said attitude line making an angle with the vertical.

11 - Process according to claim 10, characterized in that a hinge line (56) perpendicular to said sleeves orientation line (54) joins the two hinge points under the arms so as to determine the positioning of the armhole and curved armhole line (58).

12 - Method according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the system stores, in addition, on the view taken in profile, a line of the neck plane (32) perpendicular to the neck, said line (32 ) passing through the intersection of the first vertical line (10) and the second horizontal line (18), the back (36) and front (38) tilt lines coming from the intersection of the first horizontal line (12) and the curved line of fork (34) defined by the crotch, said lines of inclination (36, 38) being rectilinear and approximately following the external profiles of the torso. 13 - Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the system stores, in addition, on at least one of the views taken from the front and back, two straight lines (40, 42) determining the slope of the shoulders and coming from the point d intersection of the first vertical line (10) and the second horizontal line (18) and passing through the load-bearing points on the shoulders.

14 - Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the system stores, in addition, on the views taken from the front and back, two vertical lines (44, 48) passing through the armpits.

15 - Method according to claim 14, characterized in that the system also stores a horizontal line under the breast (60) and a horizontal pelvis line (62).

16 - Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that computer means determine the cross section of the part of the body concerned at each of the lines.