WO1998033014A1

WO1998033014A1 - Incinerator

Info

Publication number: WO1998033014A1
Application number: PCT/JP1998/000226
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kiichiro Kurogi
Original assignee: Oil-Recycle Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 1997-01-23
Filing date: 1998-01-22
Publication date: 1998-07-30
Also published as: JPH10205732A; AU5575598A; JP3094282B2

Abstract

An incinerator which is suitable for incinerating general waste having a relatively small weight, and is economical and convenient to use. A hearth (2) is formed to be substantially pan-shaped. A furnace bottom (2b) of the hearth (2) is formed to be conical with a slant face angle of about 15 degrees, and is provided centrally with a cinders exhaust port (2a). Revolution of the hearth (2) fluidizes combustibles to layer them with combustibles of small volume positioned below, and adjustement of flow movements on a slant face starts combustion quickly to provide efficient heat conduction and maintain a high furnace temperature.

Description

Description Incinerator technical field

The present invention relates to an incinerator mainly used for mixing and incinerating general waste and industrial waste, waste oil, waste solvent, waste paint, waste plastic, waste tire, petroleum sludge, chicken dung, sludge, wastewater, etc. It is. Background art

As conventional waste incinerators, a storage furnace, a kiln, a disk stirring furnace, a fluidized sand furnace and the like are known. In these incinerators, metal stirrers are installed in the incinerators to improve the combustibility, stair grate, sand patrol device, and devices that diffuse incinerators throughout the grate And incinerate continuously on a grate that moves in one direction.

More specifically, large and medium-sized equipment such as a stirrer machine, a grate furnace, a mouth-tally kiln furnace, and a fluidized-bed furnace are often used for incineration of general waste. Each has the following problems.

(1) Since the hearth is a metal grate, those that burn liquefied petroleum solids cannot burn completely because they burn below the grate, but also have high calories. The grate deteriorates quickly due to the high heat generated from the waste.

(2)-In the case of a grate that moves only in the direction, the combustion is limited to a certain period of time. This causes a temperature drop and lowers the temperature of the entire incinerator. Low furnace temperature and combustion may cause problems such as pollution, and may generate cleaning power. In addition, the burner will increase the fuel cost.

(3) Excessive power is required for the crushing work, which is the pretreatment of waste. (4) Since the sand, which is the combustion medium, is fluidized by wind power, there are many fly ash substances, and excessive power is required for post-processing.

(5) Since the sand suitable for the fluidized sand layer is externally selected and supplied to the hearth, heat loss due to sand cooling and consumption of heat-resistant machinery are large.

(6) Even with the above incinerators, economic burdens such as manufacturing costs and running costs due to structural complexity are large. For this reason, the present applicant has previously proposed an incinerator in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2-136702, 2-338709 and 5-171991. These incinerators are equipped with an inclined plate-shaped or bowl-shaped hearth, which can be rotated at variable speeds and have a variable inclination angle, so that the centrifugal force related to the rotation of the hearth and the gravity related to the inclination of the hearth can be reduced. The burnable material is incinerated while being rolled and separated by the action.

In these incinerators, the rotation of the hearth causes a rising slope and a falling slope to appear on the hearth, and the center of rotation of the burnable material rotating and flowing on the hearth is different from the center of rotation of the hearth. Utilizing the action that occurs eccentrically near the rising slope, a new combustion layer is sequentially created on the surface of the deposited material to be burned and incinerated.

And such a structure has the following effects.

(1) The incinerated material is separated into large and small solids and powdered ash to create a new fuel layer, which can be repeatedly incinerated until it becomes powdered ash, so that the incinerated material can be completely burned. -

(2) A stirrer, a stove, a grate, etc. are not required, and the hearth of the conventional incinerator moves only in one direction. Therefore, high-heat combustion efficiency can be obtained with a medium-sized device. However, as a result of incineration of various wastes by the above-mentioned conventional centrifugal force and gravity, there are the following problems to be improved.

That is, for relatively heavy industrial waste, centrifugal force and gravity are Although it works well and exerts a high combustion effect, garbage from households, so-called relatively light general waste, is unlikely to undergo rolling separation due to centrifugal force and gravity, so that a sufficient combustion effect cannot be obtained. To improve this, it was necessary to mix and incinerate with heavy industrial waste. Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and has as its object to provide an incinerator which is suitable for incinerating relatively lightweight general waste and is economical and easy to use. is there. Disclosure of the invention

For this reason, in the present invention, a hearth provided so as to rotate while being inclined with respect to a horizontal plane, and an air jetting means provided above the hearth, the combustion shell is provided at the center of the hearth of the hearth. The first feature is that a discharge port is provided, and the furnace bottom is formed on a mortar-shaped slope from the periphery to the fuel shell discharge port.- With this, when the hearth rotates, the furnace bottom has a steep slope and a gentle slope. Appear steadily, and a gentle flow and a quick flow occur in the combustion material in the hearth, high-speed combustion is performed, and a high temperature can be maintained stably.

The second feature is that the inclination angle of the hearth is variably provided, and the flow and combustion of the combustion material in the hearth can be adjusted by the interaction between the rotation and the inclination of the hearth.

Furthermore, a dust ash discharge portion having a plurality of vertical grooves at the lower portion of the inner peripheral surface of the fuel husk discharge port, and a lid slidable up and down in the fuel husk discharge port and inside the powder ash discharge portion are provided. This is the third feature. As a result, the burnt powder ash and the incombustible hulls can be separated and collected, facilitating post-processing.

In addition, a waste input port was formed above the hearth, a cylindrical input hob communicating with the waste input port was disposed, and an input blade that repeatedly swings was provided inside the input hob. This is the fourth feature. The injection wing repeatedly oscillates inside the input hover to prevent clogging with waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an incinerator according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view near a fuel shell discharge port at the bottom of the incinerator. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

First, the main configuration of the incinerator of the present embodiment will be described by dividing it into “furnace body and hearth”, “discharge system”, “blast system”, “waste input mechanism”, and “auxiliary device”.

1. Furnace body and hearth

As shown in FIG. 1, the incinerator of the present embodiment includes a furnace body 1 having a furnace head 4, a hearth 2 housed and installed therein, and a base for rotatably holding the hearth 2.

3 is the basic configuration. The upper part of the hearth 2 is covered with a furnace head 4, and the periphery of the upper opening of the hearth 2 is covered by a hearth covering part 4 a formed continuously below the furnace head 4.

The hearth 2 has its lower surface held on a base 3 via a gear body 8 of a turntable bearing external gear type, and the gear body 8 and a rotary drive device 10 such as a speed change motor mounted on the base 3 are connected. By direct connection and connection, it rotates while tilting at an overall angle described later.

The hearth is rotatably supported on the base 3 in a state of being inclined at a certain inclination angle (hereinafter referred to as “overall angle”) with respect to a horizontal plane, and the entire angle is provided so as to be tilted within a limited variable angle. I have. That is, the base 3 is held by a base support 6 as a tilting fulcrum and two hydraulic tilting cylinders 16a, and the hearth 2 tilts by the expansion and contraction of the tilting cylinders 16a. is there. This tilting structure is used for adjusting the flow movement of the combustion material described later.

The hearth 2 has a hearth 2b formed on a mortar-shaped slope having an elevation angle of about 15 degrees with its center at the center, and is formed in a substantially pot shape having a cylindrical peripheral wall 2c on its outer periphery.

Further, in the embodiment, the whole angle is set to be 5 degrees around 40 degrees. Therefore, if the whole angle of the hearth 2 is 40 degrees with respect to the horizontal line, the elevation angle is 15 degrees above the hearth b (left side in Fig. 1). A steep slope of about 55 degrees, which is obtained by adding 40 degrees to the total angle, appears at the lower part (right side in Fig. 1). As the hearth 2b rotates, the angle gradually increases from the gentle 25-degree slope located below it, and eventually becomes a steep slope of about 55 degrees above it. The waste that accumulates on the hearth 2b, where the inclination angle changes, forms a slope of about 35 degrees that flows on the surface and burns.

Here, the combustion state in the combustion in the hearth 2 will be described.

First, the separation and stacking of the combustion products will be described. If the overall angle of the hearth 2 is 40 degrees as described above, the upper part of the hearth 2b (the left side in FIG. 1) has a sharp angle of about 55 degrees. On the other hand, the lower part (right side in Fig. 1) has a gentle slope of about 25 degrees. Therefore, a large amount of waste is deposited on the lower gentle slope, and less on the upper steep slope.The hearth 2 rotates and the waste repeatedly collapses due to the transition from the gentle slope to the steep slope. Then, they move from the upper steep slope to the lower gentle slope and move so as to stack. As this flow continues, large-diameter wastes flow quickly, small-diameter wastes flow slowly, and a waste layer is formed in the order of larger ones from the surface. In other words, large-sized waste slopes are exposed on the top layer, and medium-sized and small-sized wastes are separated and stacked on the bottom layer, such as powder ash. And are constantly discharged.

Next, a description will be given of the combustion state in which the high temperature is maintained. In the inclined hearth 2 as in the present embodiment, the combustion flame is efficiently conducted by creeping up the steep slope. In other words, the flames of the burned material, which are mostly stacked on the lower gentle slope, transfer heat by burning the burned material on the upper steep slope. The high-temperature combustibles on the upper steep slope eventually move to the lower gentle slope while maintaining the high temperature due to the flow motion of the combustibles described above. Therefore, the inside of the hearth 2 is maintained at a high temperature by repeating the heat conduction from below and the flow and lamination of the high-temperature combustion material.

Furthermore, one of the reasons for keeping the hearth 2 內 high is one of the reasons that the furnace bed 2 內 can be maintained at a high temperature because large combustion products whose combustion degree is relatively low due to the above-mentioned lamination are always exposed. To about 1000 degrees. And it is possible.

Since the average angle of the slope when depositing the combustion material is about 35 degrees, the total angle is set at 40 degrees, which is about 5 degrees added to this, as the inclination angle of the entire hearth. I have. However, if the combustion state changes due to various conditions such as combustion, etc., the state is adjusted by changing the overall angle accordingly. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a good rolling motion when the tilting range of the entire hearth 2 angle is constant in a range of about 36 degrees to about 41 degrees.

2. Discharge system such as cinders.

And燃殻outlet 2 a at a central portion of the furnace bottom 2 b for discharging燃殻, and Konahai discharge unit 12 for discharging the Konahai thereunder is provided, the cover up and down by expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder I ⁶ Open and close each with body 15. The lid 15 is formed in a cylindrical shape by a refractory, and as shown in FIG. 2, when the lid 15 is flush with the hearth 2, the fuel shell outlet 2 a is closed and the fuel shell etc. Is not emitted. The powdered ash discharge part 12 is cage-shaped with a plurality of vertical grooves 12a formed around it, and the lid 15 is located below this powdered ash discharge part 12, as shown in FIG. As a result, the powder ash is discharged from the flutes 12a, and the lid 15 is located below it, thereby discharging the fuel husk including large incombustibles.

In other words, non-combustible substances that can only partially burn are mixed and assisted by the two primary waste oil burners 14a, but the remaining fuel is discharged at once by fully opening the discharge port 2a. Since it becomes possible to separate and discharge the powdered ash and the solid hull, it is easy to treat incombustibles after incineration. By moving the lid 15 upward, it protrudes into the hearth 2 and pushes up the non-combustible pebble layer accumulated in the hearth 2b to collapse it, thereby burning the slope of the hearth 2b. Prevents the generation of clean force.

3, blast system

The hearth 2, the furnace head 4, and the hearth cover 4a are provided with air blowing means (air outlets) for cooling. This blowing means is provided with a plurality of vertical ventilation holes (primary ventilation) 18c drilled in the hearth cover 4a and a plurality of drilling holes in the lower part of the furnace head 4. Through a horizontal air outlet (secondary air outlet) 18 b, a plurality of peripheral wall air outlets (primary air outlets) 18 a formed in the peripheral wall 2 c of the hearth 2, and through each air passage 17 to these air outlets. It consists of three blowers 27 that supply air and three three-way valves 19 that control these supplies :: Each blower passage 17 has a hearth 2, a furnace head 4, and a hearth cover 4a. It is formed inside the wall and cools each part by the inflow of air. On the contrary, the hot air heated by the cooling blows out from each air outlet.

These blowers 27 also supply air to the primary waste oil burner 14a and the secondary waste oil burner 14b via the three-way valve 19, respectively, and adjust the thermal power of each waste oil burner by adjusting the three-way valve 19. .

4. Waste input mechanism

A waste inlet 21 is formed in the hearth cover 4a of the furnace body 1 to sequentially introduce waste into the hearth 2, and a cylindrical charging hose 22 communicating with the waste inlet 21 is disposed at an upper portion thereof. ing

In the conventional loading hob, clogging was caused in the inside by the pressure when the waste dropped. In order to eliminate this clogging, this device has a fan-shaped injection wing 23 that swings repeatedly like a swing inside the injection hopper 22, which repeatedly oscillates left and right to remove the input waste. On the one hand, it works out and on the other hand, it pushes up the waste from below, so that clogging due to the falling pressure can be relaxed and the loading operation can be performed smoothly.

That is, a charging wing 23 is rotatably supported inside a charging hopper 22 via a rotating shaft 23a, and a gear (not shown) is attached so as to rotate around the rotating shaft 23a. Is connected via a chain 25 to a deceleration motor 24 of a drive unit mounted on the base 3. As a result, clogging of the input hopper 22 or the waste input port 21 is alleviated, and continuous input of various sizes of waste is enabled. For example, household garbage etc. can be thrown in together with garbage bags.

In order to efficiently drop waste, the entire lower part of the incinerator is buried underground, and the input hopper 22 is transported to a truck or heavy excavator. From it may be placed at a height that can drop waste directly ₃

5, auxiliary equipment

At the top and bottom of the waste inlet 21, two primary waste oil burners 14a and 14b are provided, respectively, for igniting the waste and promoting its combustion. The two primary waste oil burners 14a are located on both sides of the charging hob 22

Further, the pressure inside the furnace body 1 is reduced by providing an exhaust port 20 in the furnace head 4. One side of the exhaust port 20 is used as a safety valve.

In addition, a fountain tower 26 for wastewater treatment for discharging wastewater toward the center of the furnace head is attached to the center of the furnace head and the hearth cover 4a, and regulates the temperature of the heated furnace. It is provided to be able to. Next, a method of using the incinerator according to the present invention will be described.

First, before introducing the waste into the hearth in 2 before the ignition, ₃ waste introducing waste while rotating the hearth 2 in a very low speed with gentle flow by the rotation of the hearth 2 laminated The average slope with a slope of about 35 degrees is formed as shown in Fig. 1 with a small amount at the upper part of the hearth 2 and a large amount at the lower part of the hearth 2 ₌

The waste is stacked to this state and ignited by two primary waste oil burners 14a. The position where the flame of the primary waste oil burner 14a comes into contact with the waste is covered by two-thirds of the radius below the center of the hearth 2 as shown by the arrow X in Fig. 1. I have. When the refractory heats up and the waste begins to dry and self-combustes, reduce the thermal power of the primary waste oil panners 14a to the seed fire level.Adjust the outer peripheral speed of the hearth 2 to about 5 m / min. In order to replenish the reduction of waste due to combustion, new waste is introduced so that the amount of waste stored in hearth 2 always fills the lower part of hearth 2 I do.

At the beginning of ignition, the amount of combustion air Adjusting the butterfly valve (not shown) of the blower 27, the air flow around the primary wall 18a, the secondary air blower 18b, and the vertical air blower 18c at about half the airflow when fully opened. And blow to. At this time, the ratio of the air volume between the peripheral wall air vent 18a, the horizontal air vent 18b and the vertical air vent 18c is set to 7 :: 3. Fully open the air volume at the air vent 18b.

Check the furnace rising 1000 degrees before and after combustion temperature, dropped primary waste oil burners 14 a about the seed fire, the secondary waste oil burners L ib for intact ₌ blower system to burn, the primary side of the peripheral wall air blowing port 1.8 a And the upper and lower ventilation ports 18c and 18b are adjusted so as to have a ratio of 7: 3. That is, the amount of air blown on the secondary side at the beginning of burning is smaller than that on the primary side. Then, when the waste begins to self-burn (depending on the type of combustion material), if it is self-combustion, the amount of air blown to the primary waste oil burner 14a and the secondary waste oil burner 14 Inverse 3: 7 ratio. At that time, the air volume of each primary and secondary air outlet may be 5: 5.

However, when burning high calorie petroleum solids or waste tires etc., from the beginning, the reverse side: i: 7: If the secondary side ventilation rate is increased, black smoke due to incomplete combustion will be generated. Generation can be prevented. In other words, oxygen depletion in the upper part of the furnace caused by the level of calories in waste can be eliminated by blowing air downward from above, and the generation of black smoke can be suppressed.

In addition, it is important to keep the inside of the furnace bright at all times because this adjustment is made visually by observing the inside of the furnace. Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is most suitable for incinerating relatively lightweight general waste and is convenient. In addition, the three steps of waste input, combustion, and ash emission can be performed smoothly without any hindrance to continuous combustion, and a rapid start-up combustion temperature of about 1000 degrees can be maintained. By making the entire hearth tiltable, this combustion can be further adjusted to a desirable state, and the above-mentioned effect is further enhanced. Industrial applicability

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used mainly as an incinerator for mixing and incinerating general waste and industrial waste, waste oil, waste solvent, waste paint, waste plastic, waste tire, petroleum sludge, chicken dung, sludge, wastewater, and the like.

In addition to its use as an incinerator, it is possible to use high heat as a facility that needs to supply heat at a constant temperature for a long time, for example, as a boiler for power generation or hot water boules, or as a dryer for sewage pollution. In other words, if this incinerator is used instead of the combustion furnace currently used in boilers and the like that uses heavy oil etc. as fuel, fossil fuel becomes unnecessary and fuel consumption can be significantly reduced, while at the same time waste disposal is performed. be able to

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A hearth provided to rotate obliquely with respect to a horizontal plane, and air blowing means provided above the hearth, and a fuel shell outlet is provided at the center of the hearth of the hearth. An incinerator characterized in that the furnace bottom is formed on a mortar-shaped slope extending from the periphery to the fuel shell discharge port.

2. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein an inclination angle (overall angle) of the hearth is variably provided.

3. A dust ash discharging portion having a plurality of vertical grooves at the lower portion of the inner peripheral surface of the fuel husk discharge port, and a lid slidable up and down in the fuel husk discharge port and the powder ash discharging portion are provided. The incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that:

4. A waste input port is provided above the hearth 2, a cylindrical input hopper communicating with the waste input port is disposed, and a reciprocally swinging injection wing is provided inside the input hopper. The incinerator characterized by the above.