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WO1995030534A1 - Device for the butt-welding of plastic sections, especially pipes - Google Patents

Device for the butt-welding of plastic sections, especially pipes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1995030534A1
WO1995030534A1 PCT/EP1995/001376 EP9501376W WO9530534A1 WO 1995030534 A1 WO1995030534 A1 WO 1995030534A1 EP 9501376 W EP9501376 W EP 9501376W WO 9530534 A1 WO9530534 A1 WO 9530534A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating
profiles
welded
contact
elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1995/001376
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Armin Dommer
Dieter Dommer
Original Assignee
Armin Dommer
Dieter Dommer
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Armin Dommer, Dieter Dommer filed Critical Armin Dommer
Priority to EP95916644A priority Critical patent/EP0708705A1/en
Priority to JP7528619A priority patent/JPH09502405A/en
Publication of WO1995030534A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995030534A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1412—Infrared [IR] radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1432—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating of the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror
    • B29C65/2015—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror being a single welding mirror comprising several separate heating surfaces in different planes, e.g. said heating surfaces having different temperatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/245—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool the heat transfer being achieved contactless, e.g. by radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8187—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81871—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/004—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0042—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0044—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined using a separating sheet, e.g. fixed on the joining tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8182—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the thermal insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81821—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the thermal insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0018—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular optical properties, e.g. fluorescent or phosphorescent
    • B29K2995/0026—Transparent
    • B29K2995/0027—Transparent for light outside the visible spectrum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the frontal welding of plastic profiles, in particular pipes, with clamping devices for coaxial positioning and for carrying out an axial relative movement of the profiles to be welded and with a heating device which can be brought between the profiles to be welded and for exposure of the profiles to infrared Radiation, the heating device being arranged essentially parallel and spaced apart from the end faces of the profiles.
  • Such a device for the contactless heating of pipes to be welded before the welding connection brings these pipes together is known from DE 40 13 471 A1.
  • the heating device described there consists of an etal 1 plate provided with a ceramic layer, into which several electrically heatable heating cartridges are inserted.
  • the disadvantage of this known arrangement is on the one hand that a considerable amount of time and energy is required to heat the solid metal plate, and the cooling time also takes a relatively long time.
  • a further disadvantage is that the heating device is heavy and expensive to manufacture, the technology for applying the ceramic layer to the metal layer being particularly problematic, since the ceramic must be prevented due to different coefficients of thermal expansion or, for other reasons, flakes off when heated from the metal plate, which entails the risk of a relatively short service life.
  • heating devices for such welding machines for plastic tubes consist of a heatable metallic heating plate coated with an anti-stick coating. This is brought into contact with the plastic tubes to be welded, then detached from them and swiveled out in order to be able to compress the plastic tubes.
  • Such welding machines are known for example from the brochure "Kunststoffsch do ßtechni k" from WIDOS, W. Dommer Söhne GmbH, 71254 Ditzingen, from DE-OS 23 32 174, DE-AS 27 34 911 and DE 40 10 541 C2.
  • WIDOS W. Dommer Söhne GmbH, 71254 Ditzingen
  • the contact surfaces of the heating device must therefore be cleaned in a complex manner for each welding operation, which is complicated and expensive and nevertheless entails the risk of contamination on the connecting surfaces of the pipes.
  • the tubes have to be pressed against the heating plate initially with a very specific force, this force then being reduced.
  • the welding process is relatively complicated due to the forces and movements which can be set very precisely.
  • An object of the present invention is to improve the welding device specified at the outset in such a way that a faster and more energy-saving heating of the profiles to be welded is achieved by means of a heating device which can be manufactured more easily and more cost-effectively.
  • the heating device has at least one flat resistance heating element for direct exposure of the end faces of the profiles with infrared radiation and that protective plates made of infrared-permeable glass ceramic. material are arranged as separate plates between the resistance heating element and the end faces of the profiles to be welded.
  • the infrared radiation of which can now act directly on the end faces of the profiles to be heated.
  • the infrared radiation generated by the resistance heating element has a practically instantaneous effect on the end faces of the profiles to be heated after it has been switched on. This ensures a very rapid heating is possible that 'allows a totalviere ⁇ ren Sch spavorg ang.
  • the protective plates made of infrared-permeable ceramic material serve only to protect the resistance heating element against mechanical damage and as protection against direct contact of the resistance heating element, which may be subjected to an electrical voltage.
  • the Gl as' ceramic material weakens the continuous infrared radiation and only relatively slightly delayed by the very rapid heating of the end faces of the strig dieen ⁇ to the profiles only insignificantly. Since the heating device according to the invention essentially only from the least a resistance heating element and the two protective plates, simple and very inexpensive manufacture is possible. By eliminating the metal plate, the heating device is also very lightweight and therefore easy to handle.
  • a particularly simple mechanical arrangement with a good heating effect is achieved by two flat resistance heating elements on both sides of a flat holding device.
  • This is preferably designed as an electrically insulating, heat-resistant plate to which the two resistance heaters can be attached in order to emit infrared radiation on both sides.
  • a heating device that is both mechanically and electrically safe and easy to handle is achieved in that the two protective plates form the two opposite flat sides of a can-like housing for receiving the at least one resistance heating element. In the case of a cylindrical housing, they therefore need the two protective plates only have to be connected with a short tubular housing element.
  • the at least one resistance heating element is expediently designed as a heating wire or heating rod arranged in a winding and / or spiral and / or loop-like manner in one plane.
  • a heating wire this can also be a coiled heating wire.
  • the heating device for alternative use as a contact heating device, contact heating elements are provided in an advantageous manner on the protective plates on the profile side, can be heated by heat radiation from the at least one resistance heating element and can be brought into contact with the profiles to be welded.
  • the heating device can be used in a variable manner both for contactless radiation heating and for contact heating if, for example, the contact heating is more favorable in special cases.
  • the contact heating elements can be adapted in their shape to the respective application and in the simplest case are designed as flat plates.
  • the contact heating elements are on the one hand with a heating mandrel and on the other hand provided with a heating sleeve.
  • the heating mandrel and the heating sleeve can, for example, be arranged on a flat plate-shaped contact element or be formed integrally therewith.
  • the contact heating elements expediently consist of metal, in particular aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and can be coated in a manner known per se with an anti-adhesive coating made of a heat-resistant plastic at the required points.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a welding device to explain the welding process
  • FIG. 2 shows a front view of a heating device according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the heating device shown in FIG. 2,
  • Fig. 4 the same heater with arranged on both sides
  • Mixtaufhei zel elements which are designed as flat plates
  • FIG. 5 shows a corresponding arrangement with contact heat elements that have a heating element on the one hand and a heating sleeve on the other.
  • the welding device shown only schematically in FIG. 1 serves to explain the welding process when the pipes 10, 11 to be welded are heated by infrared radiation, as described, for example, in DE 40 13 471 A1 mentioned at the beginning is.
  • the two pipes 10, 11 to be welded are clamped concentrically in clamping devices 12, 13.
  • These two clamping devices 12, 13 are axially displaceably guided on a base 14, which can be a machine frame, as indicated by the arrows A and B * .
  • a cutting device not shown, is first pushed or swiveled between the pipe ends, which are then pushed against the cutting device by means of the clamping devices 12, 13.
  • the end faces of the tubes 10, 11 are cut or milled to achieve exact parallel contact surfaces for butt welding.
  • a cutting device can be, for example, a rotating planing disk with a planing cutting edge.
  • the cutting is made pivoted out and a plate-like Bankvor ⁇ device 15 pushed or swung in.
  • the two end faces of the tubes 10, 11 are now exposed to the infrared radiation from the heating device 15 in order to bring them to the required welding temperature, which depends, among other things, on the type of plastic material of the tube. It is determined via the heating time and / or via a temperature sensor, not shown.
  • the heating device 15 is now removed again from the gap between the pipes 10, 11, and the two pipes 10, 11 are pressed against one another by the clamping devices 12, 13. This can be done, for example, according to a predetermined printing function. A weld bead is formed here, and the two tubes 10, 11 are firmly welded together at the end face. After cooling, the clamping devices 12, 13 are opened, and the finished welded tube can be removed or the welding device is removed from the tube.
  • the heating device 15 is shown in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3. It essentially consists of a short, tubular housing element 16, the sti nöffonne are each closed by protective plates 17 made of a glass ceramic material which is transparent to infra-red radiation. Glass ceramic plates of this type are commercially available in a similar black color and are also used, among other things, for heating surfaces in kitchen stoves.
  • the protective plates 17 together with the tubular housing element 16 form a can-like housing.
  • a holding plate 18 made of heat-resistant and electrically insulating material is fixed on the tubular housing element 16 parallel to the protective plates 17.
  • They are shaped as flat heating elements in that a heating rod according to FIG. 2 is curved or loop-like so that it is distributed substantially uniformly over the surface of the holding plate 18, so that overall a flat resistance heating element is formed, which in the heated state Infrared radiation is distributed approximately uniformly over the surface.
  • Such heating elements are subjected to an electrical voltage so that they heat up as a result of the current flowing through them.
  • heating wires can also be used, for example in a coiled form.
  • the known type of heating of the pipes to be welded by thermal contact is advantageous for some applications.
  • two metallic plate-shaped contact heating elements 21 are provided, which are on both flat sides of the heating device 15, that is to say on the protective plates 17 according to FIG. 4 , can be attached. They each own in in a manner known per se, an Anti Haftbel ag 22 made of a heat-resistant plastic material in order to avoid sticking of the plastic tube to be heated to the contact surfaces.
  • contact heating elements 21 are heated on their inner sides by infrared radiation from the resistance heating elements 19 and their outer surfaces are brought into contact with the end faces of plastic pipes to be welded, as is described in more detail in the prior art specified at the outset. After removal of the contact elements 21, the heating device 15 again works contactlessly by infrared radiation, as was explained in connection with FIG. 1.
  • So-called socket welding represents a special case for welding plastic profiles.
  • two tubes that can be pushed into one another are welded on their radial contact surfaces.
  • metal 1 plates are again attached to the flat end faces of the heating device 15 as contact heating elements 23 according to FIG which one is provided with a cylindrical heating mandrel 24 and the other with a tubular heating sleeve 25.
  • the heating mandrel 24 is arranged concentrically to the heating sleeve 25.
  • the heating device 15 in turn heats the contact heating elements 23 and, via this, the heating mandrel 24 and the heating sleeve 25 from the inside.
  • the larger tube 26, shown in dashed lines is pushed over the heating mandrel 24, and the smaller tube 27, also shown in dashed lines, is inserted into the heating sleeve 25.
  • the two tubes 26, 27 are pulled apart, the heating device is pivoted or pulled away, and then the tubes 26, 27 are inserted into one another for welding.
  • contact elements 21, 23, the heating mandrel 24 and the heating sleeve 25 contact elements of a different shape can also be provided for special weldings, each of which can be removably attached to the heating device 20. All such contact heating elements can be provided with a non-stick coating on the respective contact surfaces with the plastic tubes to be welded.
  • the invention is of course not limited to the welding of plastic tubes; rather, other plastic profiles of different shapes can also be connected to one another on the end face in a corresponding manner. be welded (butt welding) or welded into one another by welding (socket welding).
  • the protective plates 17 can also be colored dark or tinted, for example black.
  • the glass-ceramic material of the protective plates 17 can either be colored accordingly, or a dark or black layer of likewise heat-resistant material is applied on the radiation side.

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Abstract

The proposal is for a device for butt-welding plastic sections, especially pipes. The sections to be welded are coaxially positioned and relatively axially moved by means of clamping devices. The faces of the sections to be welded are taken to the necessary welding temperature by a heating device (15) which can be fitted between them. The heating device (15)consists of at least one flat resistance heating element (19) to apply infra-red radiation directly to the faces of the sections. Protective plates of infra-red-transparent glass-ceramic material are arranged at a distance from the section faces as separate plates between the heating element (19) and said faces. The direct heating of the faces of the sections to be welded by the heating element makes very fast, energy-saving heating to the necessary welding temperature possible, while the protective infra-red-transparent glass-ceramic contact prevention plates have a negligible effect on the heat transmission.

Description

Vorrichtung zum stirnseitigen Verschweißen von Kunststoffprofilen, insbesondere von Rohren Device for the frontal welding of plastic profiles, in particular pipes
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum stirnseitigen Verschweißen von Kunststoffprofi 1 en , insbesondere von Rohren, mit Spannvorrichtungen zur koaxialen Positionie¬ rung und zur Ausführung einer axialen Relativbewegung der zu verschweißenden Profile und mit einer zwischen die zu verschweißenden Profile bringbaren Heizvorrichtung zur Beaufschlagung der Profile mit Infrarot-Strahlung, wobei die Heizvorrichtung im wesentlichen parallel und beabstandet zu den Stirnflächen der Profile angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a device for the frontal welding of plastic profiles, in particular pipes, with clamping devices for coaxial positioning and for carrying out an axial relative movement of the profiles to be welded and with a heating device which can be brought between the profiles to be welded and for exposure of the profiles to infrared Radiation, the heating device being arranged essentially parallel and spaced apart from the end faces of the profiles.
Eine derartige Vorrichtung zum berührungslosen Aufheizen von zu verschweißenden Rohren vor dem die Schweißverbin¬ dung bewirkenden Zusammenbringen dieser Rohre ist aus der DE 40 13 471 AI bekannt. Die dort beschriebene Heizvorrich' tung besteht aus einer mit einer Keramikschicht versehenen etal 1 pl atte , in die mehrere elektrisch heizbare Heiz- patronen eingesetzt sind. Der Nachteil dieser bekannten Anordnung besteht zum einen darin, daß zum Aufheizen der massiven Metallplatte eine nicht geringe Zeit und Energie benötigt wird, wobei auch die Abkühlzeit relativ lange dauert. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß die Heiz¬ vorrichtung schwergewichtig und teuer in der Herstellung ist, wobei insbesondere die Technologie zum Aufbringen der Keramikschicht auf die Metal 1 schi cht problematisch ist, da verhindert werden muß, daß die Keramik auf Grund unter¬ schiedlicher Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten oder aus ande¬ ren Gründen beim Erhitzen von der Metallplatte abplatzt, was die Gefahr eine relativ kurzen Lebensdauer mit sich bri ngt.Such a device for the contactless heating of pipes to be welded before the welding connection brings these pipes together is known from DE 40 13 471 A1. The heating device described there consists of an etal 1 plate provided with a ceramic layer, into which several electrically heatable heating cartridges are inserted. The disadvantage of this known arrangement is on the one hand that a considerable amount of time and energy is required to heat the solid metal plate, and the cooling time also takes a relatively long time. A further disadvantage is that the heating device is heavy and expensive to manufacture, the technology for applying the ceramic layer to the metal layer being particularly problematic, since the ceramic must be prevented due to different coefficients of thermal expansion or, for other reasons, flakes off when heated from the metal plate, which entails the risk of a relatively short service life.
Weiterhin sind Heizvorrichtungen für derartige Schwei߬ maschinen für Kunststoff öhre bekannt, die aus einer heiz¬ baren, mit einem Anti haftbel ag beschichteten metallischen Heizplatte bestehen. Diese wird in Kontakt mit den zu verschweißenden Kunststoffröhren gebracht, danach von diesen gelöst und herausgeschwenkt, um die Kunststoff öhre zusammendrücken zu können. Derartige Schweißmaschinen sind beispielsweise aus dem Prospekt "Kunststoffschwei ßtechni k" der Firma WIDOS, W. Dommer Söhne GmbH, 71254 Ditzingen, aus der DE-OS 23 32 174, der DE-AS 27 34 911 und der DE 40 10 541 C2 bekannt. Vor allem in der chemischen Industrie werden häufig große Anforderungen an die chemi¬ sche Reinheit von Rohrverbindungen gestellt. Die Kontakt¬ flächen der Heizvorrichtung müssen daher für jeden Schweißvorgang in aufwendiger Weise gereinigt werden, was umständlich und teuer ist und dennoch die Gefahr von Ver¬ unreinigungen an den Verbindunsfl chen der Rohre mit sich bringt. Darüber hinaus müssen die Rohre beim Schweißen an¬ fänglich mit einer ganz bestimmten Kraft gegen die Heiz¬ platte gedrückt werden, wobei diese Kraft dann anschlie¬ ßend reduziert wird. Hierdurch wird das Schweißverfahren infolge der sehr exakt einzustellenden Kräfte und Be¬ wegungen relativ kompliziert.Furthermore, heating devices for such welding machines for plastic tubes are known which consist of a heatable metallic heating plate coated with an anti-stick coating. This is brought into contact with the plastic tubes to be welded, then detached from them and swiveled out in order to be able to compress the plastic tubes. Such welding machines are known for example from the brochure "Kunststoffschweiß ßtechni k" from WIDOS, W. Dommer Söhne GmbH, 71254 Ditzingen, from DE-OS 23 32 174, DE-AS 27 34 911 and DE 40 10 541 C2. Especially in the chemical Industry often places great demands on the chemical purity of pipe connections. The contact surfaces of the heating device must therefore be cleaned in a complex manner for each welding operation, which is complicated and expensive and nevertheless entails the risk of contamination on the connecting surfaces of the pipes. In addition, the tubes have to be pressed against the heating plate initially with a very specific force, this force then being reduced. As a result, the welding process is relatively complicated due to the forces and movements which can be set very precisely.
Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, die eingangs angegebene Schweißvor ichtung so zu verbessern, daß ein schnelleres und energi esparenderes Aufheizen der zu verschweißenden Profile durch eine Heizvorrichtung er¬ reicht wird, die einfacher und kostengünstiger herstellbar ist.An object of the present invention is to improve the welding device specified at the outset in such a way that a faster and more energy-saving heating of the profiles to be welded is achieved by means of a heating device which can be manufactured more easily and more cost-effectively.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Heizvorrichtung wenigstens ein flächiges Widerstandsheiz¬ element zur direkten Beaufschlagung der Stirnflächen der Profile mit Infrarot-Strahlung aufweist und daß Schutzplatten aus Infrarot-durchl ssigem Glaskeramik- material als separate Platten jeweils zwischen dem Widerstandsheizelement und den Stirnflächen der zu verschweißenden Profile angeordnet sind.This object is achieved in that the heating device has at least one flat resistance heating element for direct exposure of the end faces of the profiles with infrared radiation and that protective plates made of infrared-permeable glass ceramic. material are arranged as separate plates between the resistance heating element and the end faces of the profiles to be welded.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung entfällt das Auf¬ heizen einer Metallplatte durch das Widerstandselement, dessen Infrarot-Strahlung nunmehr direkt auf die aufzu¬ heizenden Stirnflächen der Profile einwirken kann. Neben der Einsparung von Heizenergie wirkt die vom Widerstands¬ heizelement erzeugte Infrarot-Strahlung nach dessen Ein¬ schalten praktisch unverzögert auf die aufzuheizenden Stirnflächen der Profile ein. Hierdurch ist eine sehr schnelle Aufheizung möglich, die insgesamt einen schnelle¬ ren Schweißvorg'ang ermöglicht. Die Schutzplatten aus Infrarot-durchl ssigem Keramikmaterial dienen lediglich zum Schutz des Widerstandsheizelements gegen mechanische Beschädigungen und als Schutz gegen eine direkte Berührung des unter Umständen mit einer elektrischen Spannung be¬ aufschlagten Widerstandsheizelements. Das Gl as'keramik- material schwächt die durchgehende Infrarot-Strahlung nur relativ geringfügig und verzögert dadurch die sehr schnelle Aufheizung der Stirnflächen der zu verschweißen¬ den Profile nur unwesentlich. Da die Heizvorrichtung er¬ findungsgemäß im wesentlichen nur noch aus dem wenigstens einen Widerstandsheizelement und den beiden Schutzplatten besteht, ist eine einfache und sehr kostengünstige Her¬ stellung möglich. Durch den Wegfall der Metallplatte wird die Heizvorrichtung auch sehr leichtgewichtig und dadurch einfach handhabbar.In the embodiment according to the invention there is no heating of a metal plate by the resistance element, the infrared radiation of which can now act directly on the end faces of the profiles to be heated. In addition to saving heating energy, the infrared radiation generated by the resistance heating element has a practically instantaneous effect on the end faces of the profiles to be heated after it has been switched on. This ensures a very rapid heating is possible that 'allows a total schnelle¬ ren Schweißvorg ang. The protective plates made of infrared-permeable ceramic material serve only to protect the resistance heating element against mechanical damage and as protection against direct contact of the resistance heating element, which may be subjected to an electrical voltage. The Gl as' ceramic material weakens the continuous infrared radiation and only relatively slightly delayed by the very rapid heating of the end faces of the verschweißen¬ to the profiles only insignificantly. Since the heating device according to the invention essentially only from the least a resistance heating element and the two protective plates, simple and very inexpensive manufacture is possible. By eliminating the metal plate, the heating device is also very lightweight and therefore easy to handle.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Vorrichtung möglich.Advantageous further developments and improvements of the device specified in claim 1 are possible through the measures listed in the subclaims.
Eine besonders einfache mechanische Anordnung bei gleich¬ zeitig guter Heizwirkung wird durch zwei flächige Wider¬ standsheizelemente zu beiden Seiten einer flächigen Halte¬ vorrichtung erreicht. Diese ist vorzugsweise als elek¬ trisch isolierende, hitzebeständige Platte ausgebildet, an der die beiden Wi derstandshei zel e ent befestigt werden können, um nach beiden Seiten Inf arot-Strahlung abzuge¬ ben.A particularly simple mechanical arrangement with a good heating effect is achieved by two flat resistance heating elements on both sides of a flat holding device. This is preferably designed as an electrically insulating, heat-resistant plate to which the two resistance heaters can be attached in order to emit infrared radiation on both sides.
Eine sowohl mechanisch als auch elektrisch sichere und leicht handhabbare Heizvorrichtung wird dadurch erreicht, daß die beiden Schutzplatten die beiden gegenüberliegenden Flachseiten eines dosenartigen Gehäuses zur Aufnahme des wenigstens einen Widerstandsheizelements bilden. Bei einem zylinderartig ausgebildeten Gehäuse brauchen daher die beiden Schutzplatten lediglich noch mit einem kurzen rohr¬ artigen Gehäuseelement verbunden zu werden.A heating device that is both mechanically and electrically safe and easy to handle is achieved in that the two protective plates form the two opposite flat sides of a can-like housing for receiving the at least one resistance heating element. In the case of a cylindrical housing, they therefore need the two protective plates only have to be connected with a short tubular housing element.
Das wenigstens eine Widerstandsheizelement ist zweck¬ mäßigerweise als ein in einer Ebene windungs- und/oder spiral- und/oder schleifenartig angeordneter Heizdraht oder Heizstab ausgebildet. Im Falle eines Heizdrahtes kann dieser auch ein gewendelter Heizdraht sein.The at least one resistance heating element is expediently designed as a heating wire or heating rod arranged in a winding and / or spiral and / or loop-like manner in one plane. In the case of a heating wire, this can also be a coiled heating wire.
Zur alternativen Verwendung der Heizvorrichtung als Kon¬ taktheizvorrichtung sind in vorteilhafter Weise an die Schutzplatten profilseitig anbringbare, durch Wärmestrah¬ lung seitens des wenigstens einen Widerstandsheizelements aufheizbare und in Kontakt mit den zu verschweißenden Pro¬ filen bringbare Kontaktaufheizel emente vorgesehen. Hier¬ durch kann die Heizvorrichtung in variabler Weise sowohl zur berührungslosen Strahl ungsaufheizung als auch zur Kontaktaufheizung eingesetzt werden, wenn beispielsweise die Kontaktaufhei zung in Spezi al fäl 1 en günstiger ist.For alternative use of the heating device as a contact heating device, contact heating elements are provided in an advantageous manner on the protective plates on the profile side, can be heated by heat radiation from the at least one resistance heating element and can be brought into contact with the profiles to be welded. As a result, the heating device can be used in a variable manner both for contactless radiation heating and for contact heating if, for example, the contact heating is more favorable in special cases.
Die Kontaktaufheizel emente können in ihrer Gestalt dem jeweiligen Anwendungszweck angepaßt werden und sind im einfachsten Falle als ebene Platten ausgebildet. Zur Her¬ stellung von Muffenschweißverbindungen an Rohren sind die Kontaktaufhei zel emente einerseits mit einem Heizdorn und andererseits mit einer Heizmuffe versehen. Der Heizdorn und die Heizmuffe können beispielsweise an einem ebenen pl attenförmi gen Kontaktauf ei zel ement angeordnet bzw. ein¬ stückig mit diesem ausgebildet sein.The contact heating elements can be adapted in their shape to the respective application and in the simplest case are designed as flat plates. To produce socket weld connections on pipes, the contact heating elements are on the one hand with a heating mandrel and on the other hand provided with a heating sleeve. The heating mandrel and the heating sleeve can, for example, be arranged on a flat plate-shaped contact element or be formed integrally therewith.
Die Kontaktaufheizel emente bestehen zweckmäßigerweise aus Metall, insbesondere aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiu - legierung, und können in an sich bekannter Weise mit einem Anti aftbel ag aus einem wärmebeständigen Kunststoff an den erforderlichen Stellen überzogen sein.The contact heating elements expediently consist of metal, in particular aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and can be coated in a manner known per se with an anti-adhesive coating made of a heat-resistant plastic at the required points.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer Schweißvor¬ richtung zur Erläuterung des Schweißvorgangs,1 is a schematic representation of a welding device to explain the welding process,
Fig. 2 eine stirnseitige Ansicht einer erfindungsge¬ mäßen Heizvorrichtung,2 shows a front view of a heating device according to the invention,
Fig. 3 eine Längsschnittdarstellung der in Fig. 2 dar¬ gestellten Heizvorrichtung,3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the heating device shown in FIG. 2,
Fig. 4 dieselbe Heizvorrichtung mit an beiden Seiten angeordneten Kontaktaufhei zel ementen, die als ebene Platten ausgebildet sind, undFig. 4 the same heater with arranged on both sides Kontakttaufhei zel elements, which are designed as flat plates, and
Fig. 5 eine entsprechende Anordnung mit Kontaktaufhei z- elementen, die einerseits einen Heizdorn und andererseits eine Heizmuffe besitzen.5 shows a corresponding arrangement with contact heat elements that have a heating element on the one hand and a heating sleeve on the other.
Die in Fig. 1 lediglich schematisch in der Seitenansicht dargestellte Schweißvorrichtung dient zur Erläuterung des Schweißvorgangs bei einer Aufheizung von zu verschweißen¬ den Rohren 10, 11 durch Infrarot-Strahlung, wie dies bei¬ spielsweise auch in der eingangs genannten DE 40 13 471 AI beschrieben ist. Zunächst werden die beiden zu verschwei¬ ßenden Rohre 10, 11 in Spannvorrichtungen 12, 13 konzen¬ trisch eingespannt. Diese beiden Spannvorr chtungen 12, 13 sind an einer Basis 14, die ein Maschinengestell sein kann, axial verschiebbar geführt, wie dies durch die Pfeile A und B* angedeutet ist. Nun wird zunächst bei be- abstandeten Rohrenden eine nicht dargestellte Schneid¬ einrichtung zwischen die Rohrenden geschoben oder ge¬ schwenkt, die daraufhin mittels der Spannvorrichtungen 12, 13 gegen die Schneidei nri chtung geschoben werden. Durch diese Schnei dei nri chtung werden die Stirnflächen der Rohre 10, 11 plangeschnitten bzw. -gefräst, um exakte parallele Anlageflächen für das Stumpfschweißen zu erreichen. Bei einer solchen Schneideinrichtung kann es sich beispiels¬ weise um eine rotierende Hobelscheibe mit einer Hobel¬ schneide handeln. Nachdem die Rohre 10, 11 wieder ausein¬ andergefahren worden sind, wird die Schnei dei nri chtung herausgeschwenkt und dafür eine plattenartige Heizvor¬ richtung 15 hineingeschoben oder hineingeschwenkt. Die beiden Stirnflächen der Rohre 10, 11 werden nun mit der Infrarot-Strahlung der Heizvorrichtung 15 beaufschlagt, um sie auf die erforderliche Schweißtemperatur zu bringen, die unter anderem von der Art des Kunststoffmaterials des Rohrs abhängt. Sie wird über die Anheizzeit und/oder über einen nicht dargestellten Temperatursensor bestimmt. Nun wird die Heizvorrichtung 15 wieder aus dem Spalt zwischen den Rohren 10, 11 herausgenommen, und die beiden Rohre 10, 11 werden durch die Spannvorrichtungen 12, 13 aneinander- gepreßt. Dies kann beispielsweise nach einer vorgegebenen Druckfunktion erfolgen. Hierbei bildet sich eine Schwei߬ wulst, und die beiden Rohre 10, 11 sind stirnseitig fest miteinander verschweißt. Nach dem Abkühlen werden die Spannvorrichtungen 12, 13 aufgeklappt, und das fertig¬ geschweißte Rohr kann herausgenommen werden bzw. die Schweißvorrichtung wird vom Rohr abgenommen.The welding device shown only schematically in FIG. 1 serves to explain the welding process when the pipes 10, 11 to be welded are heated by infrared radiation, as described, for example, in DE 40 13 471 A1 mentioned at the beginning is. First, the two pipes 10, 11 to be welded are clamped concentrically in clamping devices 12, 13. These two clamping devices 12, 13 are axially displaceably guided on a base 14, which can be a machine frame, as indicated by the arrows A and B * . Now, with spaced pipe ends, a cutting device, not shown, is first pushed or swiveled between the pipe ends, which are then pushed against the cutting device by means of the clamping devices 12, 13. Through this cutting dei nri direction, the end faces of the tubes 10, 11 are cut or milled to achieve exact parallel contact surfaces for butt welding. Such a cutting device can be, for example, a rotating planing disk with a planing cutting edge. After the pipes 10, 11 have been moved apart again, the cutting is made pivoted out and a plate-like Heizvor¬ device 15 pushed or swung in. The two end faces of the tubes 10, 11 are now exposed to the infrared radiation from the heating device 15 in order to bring them to the required welding temperature, which depends, among other things, on the type of plastic material of the tube. It is determined via the heating time and / or via a temperature sensor, not shown. The heating device 15 is now removed again from the gap between the pipes 10, 11, and the two pipes 10, 11 are pressed against one another by the clamping devices 12, 13. This can be done, for example, according to a predetermined printing function. A weld bead is formed here, and the two tubes 10, 11 are firmly welded together at the end face. After cooling, the clamping devices 12, 13 are opened, and the finished welded tube can be removed or the welding device is removed from the tube.
Details über mögliche Ausführungen von Spannvorrichtungen und deren Bewegungsablauf können aus dem eingangs ange¬ gebenen Stand der Technik genauer entnommen werden.Details of possible designs of tensioning devices and their movement sequence can be found in more detail in the prior art given at the beginning.
Die Heizvorrichtung 15 ist in den Fig. 2 und 3 näher dar¬ gestellt. Sie besteht im wesentlichen aus einem kurzen, rohrartigen Gehäuseelement 16, dessen Sti nöffnungen je¬ weils durch Schutzplatten 17 aus einem Glaskeramikmaterial verschlossen sind, das durchlässig für Inf arot-Strahlung ist. Derartige Glaskeramikplatten sind in ähnlicher schwarz eingefärbter Form im Handel erhältlich und werden unter anderem auch für Heizflächen von Küchenherden verwendet. Die Schutzplatten 17 bilden zusammen mit dem rohrartigen Gehäuseelement 16 ein dosenartiges Gehäuse.The heating device 15 is shown in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3. It essentially consists of a short, tubular housing element 16, the sti nöffungen are each closed by protective plates 17 made of a glass ceramic material which is transparent to infra-red radiation. Glass ceramic plates of this type are commercially available in a similar black color and are also used, among other things, for heating surfaces in kitchen stoves. The protective plates 17 together with the tubular housing element 16 form a can-like housing.
Etwa mittig zwischen den Schutzplatten 17 ist eine Halte¬ platte 18 aus hitzebeständigem und elektrisch isolierendem Material parallel zu den Schutzplatten 17 am rohrartigen Gehäuseelement 16 fixiert. An beiden Seiten dieser Halte¬ platte 18 si nd 'Widerstandsheizel emente 19 befestigt. Sie sind als flächige Heizelemente geformt, indem ein Heizstab gemäß Fig. 2 windungs- bzw. schleifenartig so gekrümmt ist, daß er im wesentlichen gleichmäßig über die Fläche der Halteplatte 18 verteilt ist, so daß insgesamt ein flächiges Widerstandsheizelement gebildet wird, das im aufgeheizten Zustand Infrarot-Strahlung ungefähr gleich¬ mäßig über die Fläche verteilt abstrahlt. Derartige Heiz¬ stäbe werden mit einer elektrischen Spannung beaufschlagt, so daß sie sich infolge des durchfließenden Stromes er¬ hitzen. Anstelle von Heizstäben können auch Heizdrähte verwendet werden, beispielsweise in gewendelter Form. Weiterhin ist es auch möglich, auf jeder Seite der Halte¬ platte 18 mehrere Widerstandsheizelemente 19 vorzusehen, wobei es lediglich auf die möglichst gleichmäßige Ver¬ teilung über der Fläche ankommt, so daß die Infrarot- Strahlung möglichst gleichmäßig abgegeben wird. Selbstver¬ ständlich ist es für Einzelfälle auch möglich, nur eine ringförmige Verteilung so vorzusehen, daß die Infrarot- Strahlung nur im Bereich einer ringartigen Fläche abge¬ geben wird, die in etwa den Stirnflächen der zu ver¬ schweißenden Rohre 10, 11 entspricht.Approximately in the middle between the protective plates 17, a holding plate 18 made of heat-resistant and electrically insulating material is fixed on the tubular housing element 16 parallel to the protective plates 17. Plate at both sides of this Halte¬ 18 si nd 'Widerstandsheizel emente 19 attached. They are shaped as flat heating elements in that a heating rod according to FIG. 2 is curved or loop-like so that it is distributed substantially uniformly over the surface of the holding plate 18, so that overall a flat resistance heating element is formed, which in the heated state Infrared radiation is distributed approximately uniformly over the surface. Such heating elements are subjected to an electrical voltage so that they heat up as a result of the current flowing through them. Instead of heating rods, heating wires can also be used, for example in a coiled form. Furthermore, it is also possible to provide a plurality of resistance heating elements 19 on each side of the holding plate 18, it being only a question of the most uniform possible distribution over the surface, so that the infrared radiation is emitted as evenly as possible. Of course, in individual cases it is also possible to provide only an annular distribution in such a way that the infrared radiation is emitted only in the area of a ring-like surface which roughly corresponds to the end faces of the pipes 10, 11 to be welded.
Anstelle von zwei flächigen Widerstandsheizelementen 19 oder Widerstandsheizelement-Anordnungen zu beiden Seiten der Halteplatte 18 kann prinzipiell auch eine einzige flächige Widerstandsheizelement-Anordnung mittig zwischen den Schutzplatten 17 angeordnet sein.Instead of two flat resistance heating elements 19 or resistance heating element arrangements on both sides of the holding plate 18, in principle a single flat resistance heating element arrangement can also be arranged centrally between the protective plates 17.
Für manche Anwendungszwecke ist die bekannte Art der Auf¬ heizung der zu verschweißenden Rohre durch Wärmekontakt von Vorteil. Um die in den Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellte Heiz¬ vorrichtung 15 auch als Kontaktheizvorrichtung einsetzen zu können, sind zwei metallische pl attenförmi ge Kontakt¬ aufheizelemente 21 vorgesehen, die an beiden Flachseiten der Heizvorrichtung 15, also an den Schutzplatten 17 gemäß Fig. 4, angebracht werden können. Sie besitzen jeweils in an sich bekannter Weise einen Anti haftbel ag 22 aus einem wärmebeständigen Kunststoffmaterial, um ein Ankleben der aufzuheizenden Kunststoffröhre an den Kontaktflächen zu vermeiden. Diese Kontaktaufheizel emente 21 werden an ihren Innenseiten durch Infrarot-Strahlung der Widerstandsheiz¬ elemente 19 aufgeheizt und mit ihren Außenflächen in Kontakt mit den zu verschweißenden Stirnflächen von Kunststoffrohren gebracht, wie dies im eingangs angegebe¬ nen Stand der Technik näher beschrieben ist. Nach Abnahme der Konaktaufhei zel emente 21 arbeitet die Heizvorrichtung 15 wiederum kontaktlos durch Infrarot-Strahlung, wie dies in Zusammenhang mit Fig. 1 erläutert wurde.The known type of heating of the pipes to be welded by thermal contact is advantageous for some applications. In order to also be able to use the heating device 15 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 as a contact heating device, two metallic plate-shaped contact heating elements 21 are provided, which are on both flat sides of the heating device 15, that is to say on the protective plates 17 according to FIG. 4 , can be attached. They each own in in a manner known per se, an Anti Haftbel ag 22 made of a heat-resistant plastic material in order to avoid sticking of the plastic tube to be heated to the contact surfaces. These contact heating elements 21 are heated on their inner sides by infrared radiation from the resistance heating elements 19 and their outer surfaces are brought into contact with the end faces of plastic pipes to be welded, as is described in more detail in the prior art specified at the outset. After removal of the contact elements 21, the heating device 15 again works contactlessly by infrared radiation, as was explained in connection with FIG. 1.
Einen Spezialfäll für das Verschweißen von Kunststoff¬ profilen stellt das sogenannte Muffenschweißen dar. Hier¬ bei werden zwei ineinanderschiebbare Rohre an ihren radialen Kontaktf1 ächen verschweißt. Um auch das Muffen¬ schweißen mit der in den Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellten Heiz¬ vorrichtung 15 zu ermöglichen, werden gemäß Fig. 4 wieder¬ um an den flachen Stirnseiten der Heizvorrichtung 15 Metal 1 pl atten als Kontaktaufhei zel emente 23 angebracht, von denen die eine mit einem zylindrischen Heizdorn 24 und die andere mit einer rohrförmigen Heizmuffe 25 versehen ist. Im montierten Zustand ist der Heizdorn 24 konzen¬ trisch zur Heizmuffe 25 angeordnet. Im Betrieb heizt wiederum die Heizvorrichtung 15 die Kontaktaufheizel emente 23 und über diese den Heizdorn 24 und die Heizmuffe 25 von innen her auf. Danach wird das größere, gestrichelt dargestellte Rohr 26 über den Heiz¬ dorn 24 geschoben, und das kleinere, ebenfalls gestrichelt dargestellte Rohr 27 wird in die Heizmuffe 25 einge¬ schoben. Nach dem Aufheizen auf die gewünschte Schwei߬ temperatur werden die beiden Rohre 26, 27 auseinanderge¬ zogen, die Heizvorrichtung wird weggeschwenkt oder weg¬ gezogen, und dann werden die Rohre 26, 27 zum Verschweißen ineinandergesteckt.So-called socket welding represents a special case for welding plastic profiles. Here, two tubes that can be pushed into one another are welded on their radial contact surfaces. In order to also enable socket welding with the heating device 15 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, metal 1 plates are again attached to the flat end faces of the heating device 15 as contact heating elements 23 according to FIG which one is provided with a cylindrical heating mandrel 24 and the other with a tubular heating sleeve 25. In the assembled state, the heating mandrel 24 is arranged concentrically to the heating sleeve 25. In operation, the heating device 15 in turn heats the contact heating elements 23 and, via this, the heating mandrel 24 and the heating sleeve 25 from the inside. Thereafter, the larger tube 26, shown in dashed lines, is pushed over the heating mandrel 24, and the smaller tube 27, also shown in dashed lines, is inserted into the heating sleeve 25. After heating to the desired welding temperature, the two tubes 26, 27 are pulled apart, the heating device is pivoted or pulled away, and then the tubes 26, 27 are inserted into one another for welding.
Anstelle der Kontaktauf eizel emente 21, 23, des Heizdorns 24 und der Heizmuffe 25 können auch noch Kontaktauf eiz- elemente anderer Gestalt für Spezi al sschwei ßungen vorge¬ sehen sein, die jeweils abnehmbar an der Heizvorrichtung 20 befestigt werden können. Alle derartigen Kontakt¬ aufheizelemente können an den jeweiligen Berührungsflächen mit den zu verschweißenden Kunststoffröhren mit einem Antihaftbelag versehen sein.Instead of the contact elements 21, 23, the heating mandrel 24 and the heating sleeve 25, contact elements of a different shape can also be provided for special weldings, each of which can be removably attached to the heating device 20. All such contact heating elements can be provided with a non-stick coating on the respective contact surfaces with the plastic tubes to be welded.
Die Erfindung ist selbstverständlich nicht auf das Ver¬ schweißen von Kunststoffröhren beschränkt, vielmehr können in entsprechender Weise auch andere Kunststoffprofi 1 e unterschiedlichster Gestalt stirnseitig miteinander ver- schweißt werden (Stumpfschweißen) oder durch Ineinander¬ schieben verschweißt werden (Muffenschweißen).The invention is of course not limited to the welding of plastic tubes; rather, other plastic profiles of different shapes can also be connected to one another on the end face in a corresponding manner. be welded (butt welding) or welded into one another by welding (socket welding).
Um eine gute und gleichmäßige Abstrahlung zu erreichen, können die Schutzplatten 17 auch dunkel gefärbt oder ge¬ tönt sein, beispielsweise schwarz. Hierzu kann das Glas¬ keramikmaterial der Schutzplatten 17 entweder entspre¬ chend eingefärbt sein oder es wird abstrahlungsseitig eine dunkle bzw. schwarze Schicht aus ebenfalls hitze¬ beständigem Material aufgebracht. In order to achieve good and uniform radiation, the protective plates 17 can also be colored dark or tinted, for example black. For this purpose, the glass-ceramic material of the protective plates 17 can either be colored accordingly, or a dark or black layer of likewise heat-resistant material is applied on the radiation side.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Vorrichtung zum stirnseitigen Verschweißen von Kunststoffprofilen, insbesondere von Rohren, mit Spannvorrichtungen zur koaxialen Positionierung und zur Ausführung einer axialen Relativbewegung der zu verschweißenden Profile und mit einer zwischen die zu verschweißenden Profile bringbaren Heizvorrichtung zur Beaufschlagung der Profile mit Infrarot-Strahlung, wobei die Heizvorrichtung im wesentlichen parallel und beabstandet zu den Stirnflächen der Profile angeordnet i st, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizvorrichtung (15) wenigstens ein flächiges Wi derstandshei zel ement( 19) zur direkten Beaufschlagung der Stirnflächen der Profile (10, 11) mit Infrarot-Strahlung aufweist und daß Schutzplatten (17) aus Infrarot-durchlässigem Glaskerami material als separate Platten jeweils zwischen dem Widerstandsheizelement (19) und den Stirnflächen der zu verschweißenden Profile (10, 11) angeordnet sind.1.Device for frontal welding of plastic profiles, in particular pipes, with clamping devices for coaxial positioning and for executing an axial relative movement of the profiles to be welded and with a heating device which can be brought between the profiles to be welded and for exposing the profiles to infrared radiation, the heating device arranged substantially parallel and spaced apart from the end faces of the profiles, characterized in that the heating device (15) has at least one flat Wi derstandshei element (19) for direct exposure to the end faces of the profiles (10, 11) with infrared radiation and that protective plates (17) made of infrared-permeable glass ceramic material are arranged as separate plates between the resistance heating element (19) and the end faces of the profiles (10, 11) to be welded.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß zwei flächige Widerstandsheizelemente (19) zu beiden Seiten einer flächigen Haltevorrichtung (18) angeordnet sind.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that two flat resistance heating elements (19) are arranged on both sides of a flat holding device (18).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die flächige Haltevorrichtung (18) als elektrisch isolierende, hitzebeständige Platte ausgebildet ist.3. Device according to claim 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the flat holding device (18) is designed as an electrically insulating, heat-resistant plate.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Schutz¬ platten (17) die beiden gegenüberliegenden Flachseiten eines dosenartigen Gehäuses zur Aufnahme des wenigstens einen Widerstandsheizelements (19) bilden.4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two Schutz¬ plates (17) form the two opposite flat sides of a box-like housing for receiving the at least one resistance heating element (19).
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß das Gehäuse zylinderartig ausgebildet ist.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the housing is cylindrical.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das wenigstens eine Widerstandsheizelement (19) als ein in einer Ebene win- dungs- und/oder spiral- und/oder schleifenartig angeord¬ neter Heizdraht oder Heizstab ausgebildet ist.6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one Resistance heating element (19) is designed as a heating wire or heating rod arranged in a winding and / or spiral and / or loop-like manner in one plane.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß der Heizdraht als gewendelter Heizdraht ausgebildet ist.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the heating wire is designed as a coiled heating wire.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Profile Kunst¬ stoffrohre sind.8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profiles are plastic pipes.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur alternativen Verwendung der Heizvorrichtung (15) als Kontaktheiz¬ vorrichtung an die Schutzplatten (17) profilseitig an¬ bringbare, durch Infrarot-Strahlung seitens des wenigstens einen Widerstandsheizelements (19) aufheizbare und in Kontakt mit den zu verschweißenden Profilen (10, 11; 26, 27) bringbare Kontaktaufhei zel emente (21, 22; 23 - 25) vorgesehen sind.9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for alternative use of the heating device (15) as Kontaktheiz¬ device on the protective plates (17) profile side attachable, heated by infrared radiation from the at least one resistance heating element (19) and contact elements which can be brought into contact with the profiles to be welded (10, 11; 26, 27) (21, 22; 23 - 25) are provided.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die Kontaktaufhei zel emente (21; 23) als ebene Platten ausgebildet sind. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the contact Aufhei zel elements (21; 23) are designed as flat plates.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktaufhei zel emente (23) zur Herstellung von Muffenschweißverbindungen an Rohren (26, 27) einerseits mit einem Heizdorn (24) und andererseits mit einer Heizmuffe (25) versehen sind.11. The device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the contact elements are elements (23) for producing socket welded connections on pipes (26, 27) on the one hand with a heating mandrel (24) and on the other hand with a heating sleeve (25).
12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Anprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kontaktaufheizel emente (21; 23 - 25) aus Metall, insbesondere aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung, bestehen.12. Device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the contact heating elements (21; 23-25) consist of metal, in particular aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die Kontaktaufhei zel emente (21) mit einem Anti haftbel ag aus einem wärmebeständigen Kunststoff¬ material wenigstens an der in Kontakt mit den zu ver¬ schweißenden Profilen gelangenden Stellen versehen sind.13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the contact Aufhei zel elements (21) are provided with an anti-stick coating from a heat-resistant plastic material at least at the point of contact with the profiles to be welded.
14. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden An¬ sprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schutzplatten (17) dunkel getönt oder eingefärbt sind oder jeweils eine dunkle Außenschicht oder -platte aufweisen.14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protective plates (17) are darkly tinted or colored or each have a dark outer layer or plate.
15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die Schutzplatten (17) einheitlich dunkel ausgeführt sind. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the protective plates (17) are made uniformly dark.
16. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die Schutzplatten (17) wenigstens an ihrer abstrahlungsseitigen Außenfläche schwarz sind. 16. The apparatus of claim 14 or 15, characterized ge indicates that the protective plates (17) are black at least on their radiation-side outer surface.
PCT/EP1995/001376 1994-05-10 1995-04-12 Device for the butt-welding of plastic sections, especially pipes WO1995030534A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95916644A EP0708705A1 (en) 1994-05-10 1995-04-12 Device for the butt-welding of plastic sections, especially pipes
JP7528619A JPH09502405A (en) 1994-05-10 1995-04-12 Butt welding equipment for plastic joints, especially pipes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4416518A DE4416518A1 (en) 1994-05-10 1994-05-10 Device for the frontal welding of plastic profiles, in particular pipes
DEP4416518.8 1994-05-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995030534A1 true WO1995030534A1 (en) 1995-11-16

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EP (1) EP0708705A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH09502405A (en)
DE (1) DE4416518A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1995030534A1 (en)

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DE19800036A1 (en) * 1998-01-02 1999-07-08 Volkswagen Ag Process for connecting components
DE20218928U1 (en) 2002-12-05 2003-03-06 Wegener Gmbh, 52074 Aachen Heating unit, for butt welding plastics components, has a heating surface with a non-stick coating and openings linked to a compressed air supply to give air bursts to release the welded component
US9724903B2 (en) 2013-08-13 2017-08-08 Branson Ultraschall Niederlassung Der Emerson Technologies Gmbh & Co. Ohg Heat radiator, device for infrared welding and method for heating plastic components
JP6258545B1 (en) * 2017-06-07 2018-01-10 東京計装株式会社 Synthetic resin pipe welding equipment
CN109278301A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-29 河北亚大汽车塑料制品有限公司 A kind of plastic tube body welds the processing method and its realization device of plastic part with holes
US20200122408A1 (en) * 2018-10-23 2020-04-23 Patrick Terence Greller High speed and no excess weld flash vinyl welder
JP2022023361A (en) * 2020-07-27 2022-02-08 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Infrared welding machine
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DE20218928U1 (en) 2002-12-05 2003-03-06 Wegener Gmbh, 52074 Aachen Heating unit, for butt welding plastics components, has a heating surface with a non-stick coating and openings linked to a compressed air supply to give air bursts to release the welded component
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US20200122408A1 (en) * 2018-10-23 2020-04-23 Patrick Terence Greller High speed and no excess weld flash vinyl welder
CN109278301A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-29 河北亚大汽车塑料制品有限公司 A kind of plastic tube body welds the processing method and its realization device of plastic part with holes
JP2022023361A (en) * 2020-07-27 2022-02-08 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Infrared welding machine
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH09502405A (en) 1997-03-11
DE4416518A1 (en) 1995-11-16
EP0708705A1 (en) 1996-05-01

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