WO1993017815A1 - Foundry mould coating compositions - Google Patents
Foundry mould coating compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993017815A1 WO1993017815A1 PCT/GB1993/000419 GB9300419W WO9317815A1 WO 1993017815 A1 WO1993017815 A1 WO 1993017815A1 GB 9300419 W GB9300419 W GB 9300419W WO 9317815 A1 WO9317815 A1 WO 9317815A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- mineral
- synthetic
- synthetic trioctahedral
- mould
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
Definitions
- This invention relates to the manufacture of foundry castings and more particularly to compositions suitable -for coating foundry moulds, cores or patterns hereafter all encompased by the term mould. It is widespread practice in the foundry industry to form moulds, cores or patterns, by shaping a mixture of natural or synthetic foundry sand with a suitable binder system. Such moulds can readily be removed from complex castings and the mould material recycled for further use. Sand moulds are subject to problems in use. The surface of such moulds may not be as smooth as might be desired and may contain cracks or other imperfections which could allow penetration of the molten casting metal. Release of the mould material from the casting may be imperfect leading to the need for a special casting finishing stage to remove traces of the casting.
- Foundry mould coatings generally comprise a liquid carrier medium, a refractory material which may be present in the composition in from 20% to 80% by weight of the composition depending on its density and a suspending/binding system together with optional additives such as dispersing agents, antifoam additives or colourants and are usually hardened by heating to remove the liquid carrier and to cause the setting of any resin binder which may be present.
- the liquid carrier medium may be water or water mixed with a polar organic solvent such as ethanol in for example from 5% to 50% by weight.
- the refractory material may be selected from relatively low or moderate density materials such as graphite, kaolin, mica, talc, fused silica or magnesium oxide or from higher density material such as zirconia or other zircon-based materials.
- the suspending/binding system may comprise a small proportion, say from 0.5% to 2.0% by weight, based on the whole coating composition, of a resin binder for example aqueous emulsion of a vinyl polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol or of a lignosulphonate and/or a suspending agent.
- a resin binder for example aqueous emulsion of a vinyl polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol or of a lignosulphonate and/or a suspending agent.
- a clay suspending agent is used in a foundry mould coating it is usually a bentonite.
- bentonite is used to refer to the class of clays referred to structurally as the montmorillonite, itself a subclass of the smectites.
- the montmorillonites are minerals having an anionic three layer sheet lattice comprising an alumina octahedral layer interposed between silica tetrahedral layers, some alumina being replaced by magnesium or other divalent ions. Such minerals are structurally known as dioctahedral minerals.
- the anionic lattice is charge-balanced by cations which are usually, in nature, mixtures of sodium, calcium and magnesium cations and it has been preferred, in certain mould coating compositions, to treat such natural minerals so as to ion exchange divalent cations for sodium and/or lithium cations by treatment with a sodium and/or lithium compound in an aqueous medium.
- cations which are usually, in nature, mixtures of sodium, calcium and magnesium cations and it has been preferred, in certain mould coating compositions, to treat such natural minerals so as to ion exchange divalent cations for sodium and/or lithium cations by treatment with a sodium and/or lithium compound in an aqueous medium.
- Such ion exchanged minerals have been referred to in the content of mould coatings, as activated bentonite.
- the present invention provides a foundry mould coating composition
- a foundry mould coating composition comprising a synthetic trioctahedral mineral having the general formula
- n ⁇ is the negative charge imbalance of the magnesium silicate lattice and M is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or oniu cation as a suspending agent.
- the said synthetic mineral has a structure characteristic of a hectorite.
- the synthetic trioctahedral mineral disclosed above may be manufactured according to known processes.
- United States Patents No. 3586478 and 3671190 disclose one such process which involves the co-precipitation of magnesium and silicon values corresponding to the desired composition from a solution of a water soluble magnesium salt such as magnesium sulphate or magnesium chloride, sodium silicate, a base such as sodium carbonate or hydroxide and, if apropriate, lithium and fluorine compounds and the treatment of the precipitate under hydrothermal and preferably elevated pressure conditions to achieve crystallisation.
- the crystalline product so obtained may be washed free of any salts, dried and ground to produce a powdered product.
- United States Patent No. 4049780 discloses a variation of the above process comprising precipitating silicon values onto a preformed suspension of a water-insoluble magnesium compound.
- the detailed disclosures of the above identified patent specifications is incopora ed herein by reference.
- Naturally occuririg mineral hectorite has some suspending properties but is not known in use in mould coatings.
- the synthetic trioctahedral smectite used according to the present invention has a different morphology to natural hectorite comprising platelets having diameters in the region of 200-300 Angstroms and a thickness in the region of 20 Angstroms, and having a high surface area and cation exchange capacity. This material has been found to equate or to provide advantages over bentonite.
- the quantity of bentonite used in a mould coating composition may be from about 0.2% to 10% but more usually from about 0.5% to 5.0% by weight based in each case on the solids content of the coating composition.
- the synthetic trioctahedral mineral according to the invention may be used in broadly similar quantities. It is also found in some formulations that a smaller quantity of the said trioctahedral mineral may be used to replace a given quantity of bentonite to obtain similar or improved properties.
- a mixture of the synthetic trioctahedral mineral with a peptiser selected from alkali metal salts containing polyvalent anions for example the pyro-or poly-phosphates tetrasodium pyrophosphate or sodium tri-polyphosphate.
- the anions are preferably capable of forming complex or insoluble salts with magnesium.
- Peptisation is a well known phenomenon and other suitable polyvalent anion materials may be substituted.
- the quantity of the peptiser may be, for example, from 3% to 12% of the mineral each by dry weight. The presence of a peptiser eases the incorporation of the mineral into the coating composition and can improve its properties.
- the mineral is incorporated into the coating composition as a predispersed sol containing a peptiser.
- a solid or concentrated aqueous composition comprising solids of a foundry mould coating composition which composition includes the synthetic trioctahedral smectite.
- Such a composition may advantageously contain some or all of the refractory material, optionally one or more thickeners such as xanthan or other gum, the peptiser and the synthetic trioctahedral smectite in the relative proportions required in the foundry mould coating composition.
- Such a composition may be formulated at more near the point of use by including in it, the liquid components of the coating composition.
- liquid components may be sourced locally but, advantageously, they may be included in a concentrated liquid composition which together with the solid or concentrated aqueous composition first mentioned above provides a two-pack system requiring only the addition of a suitable quantity of water.
- the pack containing the liquid components may include an aqueous emulsion of a resin binder, dye and a biocide if required.
- a two-pack composition comprising a dry pack containing zirconia based refractory solids, the trioctahedral synthetic mineral and a particulate gum thickener and a wet pack containing a polyvinyl emulsion, a dye and a biocide was prepared as an example.
- the dry pack was added to the required extra quantity of water under shear and was then mixed for 15 minutes.
- the wet pack was then added and mixed in for 20 minutes.
- the product had the desired viscosity and was apparently physically stable.
- the cellulose material may be any swelling cellulose derivative such as ethyl cellulose on methyl cellulose but is preferably a cellulose ether such as, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose.
- the cellulose ether has a degree of substitution of from 0.7 to 1.1.
- the cellulose derivative is preferably present in from 5% to 95% particularly preferably from 30% to 70% by dry weight of the synthetic trioctahedral smectite.
- Other thickeners, such as xanthan gum may also be included in the composition.
- a synthetic trioctahedral mineral having a hectorite structure was produced by the process disclosed in United States Patent No. 4049780 in which a solution of magnesium and lithium salts were precipitated by the addition of base and a sodium silicate solution was added to the suspension thus obtained to precipitate silicon values. After then ageing the mixed precipitate under reflux to allow the reaction to go to completion the precipitate was subjected to hydrothermal treatment in an autoclave under an autogenous pressure until crystallisation had occurred, the product was filtered, washed with demineralised water, and ground.
- the present invention is particularly applicable to synthetic mineral produced by such a successive precipitation process but without being limited to mineral produced according to that process.
- Example 1 Mould coating composition based on zirconia
- Composition B was the same as Composition A with the exception that the sodium bentonite was replaced by the same quantity of the synthetic trioctahedral mineral according to the invention.
- Composition C was formed by adding about 7% to 10% wt of water to composition B. On standing for 7 days none of the Compositions showed separation or syneresis. However Composition A showed colour variations in the bulk of the sample which were not visible in Compositions B or C. The final viscosity of the compositions was as follows: A 17000 cps B 24300 cps
- compositions may be painted onto sand moulds followed by drying. Both compositions B and C, when brushed onto a sand core and flame dried, gave excellent application properties with no appreciable drag, balling or dripping. There were no blisters or pinholes and only slight mud cracking in the sections of thicker coating. When a part of the synthetic trioctahedral mineral was replaced by a cellulose ether thickening agent as hereinbefore taught, it gave improved brushing properties and the final coating had a smoother texture.
- Example 2 Mould coating composition based on Talc
- composition D An aqueous foundry mould coating composition containing talc as the main refractory material, sodium bentonite as the suspending agent together with small quantities of other normal ingredients was prepared as Composition D.
- Composition E was the same as Composition D with the exception that the bentonites were replaced by the same total quantity of the trioctahedral synthetic mineral according to the invention.
- Composition F was the same as Composition E with the exception that the synthetic material contained 6% of its own weight of tetrasodium pyrbphosphate.
- the viscosity of the Compositions, ascertained in the same manner as in the preceding Example was:
- compositions D and E both looked slightly unstable they both gave acceptable performance in core coating.
- Composition F was fully homogeneous and stable. When coated onto a core by dripping it gave a reasonable build with no significant teardrops and was adjudged to be more effective than composition E in use.
- compositions may be applied to sand moulds by dipping followed by a suitable drying regime.
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Abstract
An aqueous foundry mould coating composition comprising as a suspending agent a synthetic trioctahedral mineral having the general formula: [Mg6-xLIxSi80200H4-yFy]-Mn+ in which x may have a value of from 0 to 1.2, y may have a value of from 0 to less than 4, n- is the negative charge imbalance of the magnesium silicate lattice and M is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or onium cation.
Description
Foundry mould coating compositions
This invention relates to the manufacture of foundry castings and more particularly to compositions suitable -for coating foundry moulds, cores or patterns hereafter all encompased by the term mould. It is widespread practice in the foundry industry to form moulds, cores or patterns, by shaping a mixture of natural or synthetic foundry sand with a suitable binder system. Such moulds can readily be removed from complex castings and the mould material recycled for further use. Sand moulds are subject to problems in use. The surface of such moulds may not be as smooth as might be desired and may contain cracks or other imperfections which could allow penetration of the molten casting metal. Release of the mould material from the casting may be imperfect leading to the need for a special casting finishing stage to remove traces of the casting. To alleviate these problems it is common practice to coat sand moulds with a material which is applicable by dipping, brushing or spraying and which may be caused to harden 'in situ' to give a mould surface coating of increased smoothness resulting in improved casting release and increased strength giving resistance to erosion of the mould surface by the flow of molten metal during the filling of the mould. It is also the practice to coat foam or evaporative patterns, for example of polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate or other polymers with a coating
which becomes part of the mould as the core is evaporated or to coat ceramic cores.
Foundry mould coatings generally comprise a liquid carrier medium, a refractory material which may be present in the composition in from 20% to 80% by weight of the composition depending on its density and a suspending/binding system together with optional additives such as dispersing agents, antifoam additives or colourants and are usually hardened by heating to remove the liquid carrier and to cause the setting of any resin binder which may be present. The liquid carrier medium may be water or water mixed with a polar organic solvent such as ethanol in for example from 5% to 50% by weight. The refractory material may be selected from relatively low or moderate density materials such as graphite, kaolin, mica, talc, fused silica or magnesium oxide or from higher density material such as zirconia or other zircon-based materials. The suspending/binding system may comprise a small proportion, say from 0.5% to 2.0% by weight, based on the whole coating composition, of a resin binder for example aqueous emulsion of a vinyl polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol or of a lignosulphonate and/or a suspending agent.
Where a clay suspending agent is used in a foundry mould coating it is usually a bentonite. In this context the term bentonite is used to refer to the class of clays referred to structurally as the montmorillonite, itself a subclass of the smectites. The montmorillonites are minerals having an anionic three layer sheet lattice comprising an alumina octahedral layer interposed between silica tetrahedral layers, some alumina being replaced by magnesium or other divalent ions. Such minerals are structurally known as dioctahedral minerals. The anionic lattice is charge-balanced by cations which are usually, in nature, mixtures of sodium, calcium and magnesium cations and it has been preferred, in certain mould coating compositions, to treat such natural minerals so as to ion exchange divalent cations for sodium and/or lithium cations
by treatment with a sodium and/or lithium compound in an aqueous medium. Such ion exchanged minerals have been referred to in the content of mould coatings, as activated bentonite. It has now been found that the performance of foundry mould coatings may be improved by replacing the dioctahedral mineral hitherto used as suspending agent by a particular range of synthetic trioctahedral minerals that is, synthetic three layer minerals of the smectite group in which the octahedral layer is mainly composed of magnesia.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a foundry mould coating composition comprising a synthetic trioctahedral mineral having the general formula
[Mg6_xLixSi8O20θH4_yFy]~Mn+ in which x may have a value of from 0 to 1.2, y may have a value of from 0 to less than 4, n~ is the negative charge imbalance of the magnesium silicate lattice and M is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or oniu cation as a suspending agent. The said synthetic mineral has a structure characteristic of a hectorite.
The synthetic trioctahedral mineral disclosed above may be manufactured according to known processes. United States Patents No. 3586478 and 3671190 disclose one such process which involves the co-precipitation of magnesium and silicon values corresponding to the desired composition from a solution of a water soluble magnesium salt such as magnesium sulphate or magnesium chloride, sodium silicate, a base such as sodium carbonate or hydroxide and, if apropriate, lithium and fluorine compounds and the treatment of the precipitate under hydrothermal and preferably elevated pressure conditions to achieve crystallisation. The crystalline product so obtained may be washed free of any salts, dried and ground to produce a powdered product. United States Patent No. 4049780 discloses a variation of the above process comprising precipitating silicon values onto a preformed suspension of a water-insoluble magnesium
compound. The detailed disclosures of the above identified patent specifications is incopora ed herein by reference.
Naturally occuririg mineral hectorite has some suspending properties but is not known in use in mould coatings. The synthetic trioctahedral smectite used according to the present invention has a different morphology to natural hectorite comprising platelets having diameters in the region of 200-300 Angstroms and a thickness in the region of 20 Angstroms, and having a high surface area and cation exchange capacity. This material has been found to equate or to provide advantages over bentonite. The quantity of bentonite used in a mould coating composition may be from about 0.2% to 10% but more usually from about 0.5% to 5.0% by weight based in each case on the solids content of the coating composition. The synthetic trioctahedral mineral according to the invention may be used in broadly similar quantities. It is also found in some formulations that a smaller quantity of the said trioctahedral mineral may be used to replace a given quantity of bentonite to obtain similar or improved properties.
It is generally found advantageous to use a mixture of the synthetic trioctahedral mineral with a peptiser selected from alkali metal salts containing polyvalent anions for example the pyro-or poly-phosphates tetrasodium pyrophosphate or sodium tri-polyphosphate. The anions are preferably capable of forming complex or insoluble salts with magnesium. Peptisation is a well known phenomenon and other suitable polyvalent anion materials may be substituted. The quantity of the peptiser may be, for example, from 3% to 12% of the mineral each by dry weight. The presence of a peptiser eases the incorporation of the mineral into the coating composition and can improve its properties. Preferably the mineral is incorporated into the coating composition as a predispersed sol containing a peptiser.
According to a further feature of the invention there is provided a solid or concentrated aqueous composition comprising solids of a foundry mould coating composition which composition includes the synthetic trioctahedral smectite. Such a composition may advantageously contain some or all of the refractory material, optionally one or more thickeners such as xanthan or other gum, the peptiser and the synthetic trioctahedral smectite in the relative proportions required in the foundry mould coating composition. Such a composition may be formulated at more near the point of use by including in it, the liquid components of the coating composition. These liquid components may be sourced locally but, advantageously, they may be included in a concentrated liquid composition which together with the solid or concentrated aqueous composition first mentioned above provides a two-pack system requiring only the addition of a suitable quantity of water. The pack containing the liquid components may include an aqueous emulsion of a resin binder, dye and a biocide if required. The advantages of the two pack system outlined above, are reduced transport costs, extended storage life, the ability to make up only the amount required for use.
A two-pack composition comprising a dry pack containing zirconia based refractory solids, the trioctahedral synthetic mineral and a particulate gum thickener and a wet pack containing a polyvinyl emulsion, a dye and a biocide was prepared as an example. The dry pack was added to the required extra quantity of water under shear and was then mixed for 15 minutes. The wet pack was then added and mixed in for 20 minutes. The product had the desired viscosity and was apparently physically stable.
It may be desired to use a combination of the synthetic trioctahedral smectite with a cellulosic thickening agent and this is preferred in the two pack composition disclosed above. This tends to give an initially thinner coating which thickens up din storage or use to the desired level. The cellulose material may be any swelling cellulose
derivative such as ethyl cellulose on methyl cellulose but is preferably a cellulose ether such as, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose. Preferably the cellulose ether has a degree of substitution of from 0.7 to 1.1. The cellulose derivative is preferably present in from 5% to 95% particularly preferably from 30% to 70% by dry weight of the synthetic trioctahedral smectite. Other thickeners, such as xanthan gum may also be included in the composition.
The invention will now be illustrated by reference to the following examples of specific embodiments thereof.
A synthetic trioctahedral mineral having a hectorite structure was produced by the process disclosed in United States Patent No. 4049780 in which a solution of magnesium and lithium salts were precipitated by the addition of base and a sodium silicate solution was added to the suspension thus obtained to precipitate silicon values. After then ageing the mixed precipitate under reflux to allow the reaction to go to completion the precipitate was subjected to hydrothermal treatment in an autoclave under an autogenous pressure until crystallisation had occurred, the product was filtered, washed with demineralised water, and ground. The present invention is particularly applicable to synthetic mineral produced by such a successive precipitation process but without being limited to mineral produced according to that process.
In the following examples quantities are stated in parts by weight unless otherwise stated.
Example 1 - Mould coating composition based on zirconia An aqueous foundry mould coating containing zircon flour as the sole refractory material and sodium bentonite as a suspending agent together with small quantities of other normal ingredients such as preservatives, dyes etc. was prepared as Composition A.
Composition B was the same as Composition A with the exception that the sodium bentonite was replaced by the same
quantity of the synthetic trioctahedral mineral according to the invention.
Composition C was formed by adding about 7% to 10% wt of water to composition B. On standing for 7 days none of the Compositions showed separation or syneresis. However Composition A showed colour variations in the bulk of the sample which were not visible in Compositions B or C. The final viscosity of the compositions was as follows: A 17000 cps B 24300 cps
C 17600 cps initially on dilution 18620 cps after further 24 hours (20°C, Brookfield, Spindle 5, 20 rpm)
The compositions may be painted onto sand moulds followed by drying. Both compositions B and C, when brushed onto a sand core and flame dried, gave excellent application properties with no appreciable drag, balling or dripping. There were no blisters or pinholes and only slight mud cracking in the sections of thicker coating. When a part of the synthetic trioctahedral mineral was replaced by a cellulose ether thickening agent as hereinbefore taught, it gave improved brushing properties and the final coating had a smoother texture.
Example 2 - Mould coating composition based on Talc
An aqueous foundry mould coating composition containing talc as the main refractory material, sodium bentonite as the suspending agent together with small quantities of other normal ingredients was prepared as Composition D.
Composition E was the same as Composition D with the exception that the bentonites were replaced by the same total quantity of the trioctahedral synthetic mineral according to the invention. Composition F was the same as Composition E with the exception that the synthetic material contained 6% of its own weight of tetrasodium pyrbphosphate. The viscosity of
the Compositions, ascertained in the same manner as in the preceding Example was:
Initial 24 hours 48 hours D 1090 cps 1130 cps 1154 cps E 1282 cps 960 cps 920 cps
F 1120 cps 1144 cps 1144 cps While compositions D and E both looked slightly unstable they both gave acceptable performance in core coating. Composition F was fully homogeneous and stable. When coated onto a core by dripping it gave a reasonable build with no significant teardrops and was adjudged to be more effective than composition E in use.
The compositions may be applied to sand moulds by dipping followed by a suitable drying regime.
Claims
1. An aqueous foundry mould coating composition comprising as a suspending agent a synthetic trioctahedral mineral having the general formula:
[Mg6_xLIxSi802θOH4_yFy]-Mn+ in which x may have a value of from 0 to 1.2, y may have a value of from 0 to less than 4, n~ is the negative charge imbalance of the magnesium silicate lattice and M is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or onium cation.
2. A composition as claimed in claim 1 also comprising one or more refractory materials, and a binder.
3. A composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the synthetic trioctahedral mineral has a structure characteristic of hectorite.
4. A composition as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the quantity of the synthetic trioctahedral mineral is from 0.2% to 10% of the solids content of the composition.
5. A composition as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the synthetic trioctahedral mineral is used in combination with a peptiser.
6. A composition as claimed in claim 5 wherein the peptiser is an alkali metal salt containing polyvalent anions.
7. A composition as claimed in claim 5 or 6 wherein the peptiser is present in from 3% to 12% by weight of the synthetic trioctahedral mineral.
8. A composition as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the synthetic trioctahedral mineral is used in combination with a swelling cellulose derivative.
9. A composition as claimed in claim 8 wherein the cellulose derivative is a cellulose ether.
10. A composition as claimed in claim 8 or 9 wherein the cellulose derivative is present in from 5% to 95% by weight of the synthetic trioctahedral mineral.
11. A composition as claimed in any preceding claim comprising a refractory material selected from graphite, kaolin, mica, talc, fused silica, magnesium oxide or zirconium oxide.
12. A composition as claimed in any preceding claim comprising a binder selected from an aqueous emulsion of a vinyl polymer or a lignosulphonate.
13. A composition as claimed in any preceding claim made up as two parts of which a first part is dry and contains refractory solids and synthetic trioctahedral mineral and the second part is wet and contains a binder resin emulsion and water, the water being present less than the total quantity requird for the composiiton.
14. A method for preparing a mould coating composition comprising including in a further quantity of water the composition as claimed in claim 13.
15. A composition as claimed in claim 1 and as specifically described herein with reference to any one of the Examples.
16. A method of casting comprising coating a mould, core or pattern with a composition as claimed in any preceding claim and drying the coating before pouring the molten metal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU36396/93A AU664879B2 (en) | 1992-03-02 | 1993-03-01 | Foundry mould coating compositions |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9204622.6 | 1992-03-02 | ||
| GB929204622A GB9204622D0 (en) | 1992-03-02 | 1992-03-02 | Foundry mould coating compositions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1993017815A1 true WO1993017815A1 (en) | 1993-09-16 |
Family
ID=10711445
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB1993/000419 WO1993017815A1 (en) | 1992-03-02 | 1993-03-01 | Foundry mould coating compositions |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU664879B2 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB9204622D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993017815A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA931476B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013044904A1 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-04 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Coating compositions for inorganic casting moulds and cores and use thereof and method for sizing |
| WO2018002206A1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-04 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Wash composition for making facings on temporary molds or on cores for iron and steel casting operations |
| JP2018122337A (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2018-08-09 | 花王株式会社 | Water-based coating agent composition for casting |
| RU2794067C1 (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-04-11 | федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет" | Composition for manufacturing casting molds |
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| GB919194A (en) * | 1959-09-18 | 1963-02-20 | British Steel Castings Res Ass | Improvements in or relating to paints for foundry moulds and cores |
| GB1194158A (en) * | 1967-06-20 | 1970-06-10 | Nalco Chemical Co | Refractory Coating Compositions. |
| US3671190A (en) * | 1970-11-10 | 1972-06-20 | Laporte Industries Ltd | Synthetic clay-like minerals of the smectite type and method of preparation |
| US3878034A (en) * | 1970-06-25 | 1975-04-15 | Du Pont | Refractory laminate based on negative sol or silicate and positive sol |
| US3936383A (en) * | 1973-05-14 | 1976-02-03 | Nobutoshi Daimon | Sol of ultra-fine particles of synthetic hectorite |
| US4040974A (en) * | 1976-04-26 | 1977-08-09 | N L Industries, Inc. | Synthesized gellants containing smectite-type clay and process for producing same |
| EP0088372A1 (en) * | 1982-03-05 | 1983-09-14 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the production of synthetic hectorite |
| EP0445653A1 (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1991-09-11 | Rheox International, Inc. | Clay thickener for use in water-based systems and joint compounds containing such compositions |
-
1992
- 1992-03-02 GB GB929204622A patent/GB9204622D0/en active Pending
-
1993
- 1993-03-01 WO PCT/GB1993/000419 patent/WO1993017815A1/en active Application Filing
- 1993-03-01 AU AU36396/93A patent/AU664879B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-03-02 ZA ZA931476A patent/ZA931476B/en unknown
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB919194A (en) * | 1959-09-18 | 1963-02-20 | British Steel Castings Res Ass | Improvements in or relating to paints for foundry moulds and cores |
| GB1194158A (en) * | 1967-06-20 | 1970-06-10 | Nalco Chemical Co | Refractory Coating Compositions. |
| US3878034A (en) * | 1970-06-25 | 1975-04-15 | Du Pont | Refractory laminate based on negative sol or silicate and positive sol |
| US3671190A (en) * | 1970-11-10 | 1972-06-20 | Laporte Industries Ltd | Synthetic clay-like minerals of the smectite type and method of preparation |
| US3936383A (en) * | 1973-05-14 | 1976-02-03 | Nobutoshi Daimon | Sol of ultra-fine particles of synthetic hectorite |
| US4040974A (en) * | 1976-04-26 | 1977-08-09 | N L Industries, Inc. | Synthesized gellants containing smectite-type clay and process for producing same |
| EP0088372A1 (en) * | 1982-03-05 | 1983-09-14 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the production of synthetic hectorite |
| EP0445653A1 (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1991-09-11 | Rheox International, Inc. | Clay thickener for use in water-based systems and joint compounds containing such compositions |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013044904A1 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-04 | Ask Chemicals Gmbh | Coating compositions for inorganic casting moulds and cores and use thereof and method for sizing |
| CN103826775A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-05-28 | Ask化学品股份有限公司 | Coating compositions for inorganic casting moulds and cores and use thereof and method for sizing |
| WO2018002206A1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-04 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Wash composition for making facings on temporary molds or on cores for iron and steel casting operations |
| CN109641261A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2019-04-16 | 胡坦斯·阿尔伯图斯化学厂有限公司 | In the mold wash component for being used to manufacture mold coating on iron casting and the non-permanent mold or type core of steel casting |
| JP2019520219A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2019-07-18 | ヒュッテネス−アルベルトゥス ヒェーミッシェ ヴェルケ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Fire-resistant coating composition for molding on temporary molds or cores for steel casting operations |
| US11027328B2 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2021-06-08 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Refractory coating composition for making facings on temporary molds or on cores for iron and steel casting operations |
| EA038540B1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2021-09-13 | Хюттенес-Альбертус Хемише Верке Гезелльшафт Мит Бешренктер Хафтунг | Wash composition for making facings on temporary molds or on cores for iron and steel casting operations |
| JP2018122337A (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2018-08-09 | 花王株式会社 | Water-based coating agent composition for casting |
| RU2794067C1 (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-04-11 | федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет" | Composition for manufacturing casting molds |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9204622D0 (en) | 1992-04-15 |
| AU664879B2 (en) | 1995-12-07 |
| ZA931476B (en) | 1993-09-23 |
| AU3639693A (en) | 1993-10-05 |
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