USRE17228E - of cleveland - Google Patents

Description

Mar h 5, 1929 E. J. LEVY THERMOSTAT Original Fildjulq; 15, 1925 INVENTOR ilwufl yanfmc 5 2: know Reissued Mar. 5, 1929.

R 17,228 UNITE-'DSTATES' PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD J. LEVY, F CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR 1'0 THE B ISEOP '& BABC'OCK COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION 01 OHIO.

THERMOSTAT.

Original No..1,644,533, dated October 1, 1527, Serial No. 122,540, filed July 15, 192G. Application for reissue filed September. 28,1928. Serial No. 308,568.

My invention relates to thermostats and relates particularly to a thermostatic valve mechanism and a fluid system comprising such a thermostatic valve mechanism. An' object of my invention is to provide a cooling system with improved means for con- [trolling the temperature of the coolingmedium and for regulating its circulation.

Another object of my invention is'to regulate the temperature of a cooling fluid by controlling the relativeamounts of flow of such fluid in one-or the other of a pair of fluid conduits. V a

Anqther object'of my invention is to provide a unitary apparatus adapted to be installed in a cooling system, such as that of an internal combustion engine, to efliciently regulate the temperature of the cooling medium employed. I Other objects of myinvention and the in vention itself will appear from the following description, in which reference'will be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and which relate particularly to an embodiment of my invention.

'Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a portion of an automotive engine, and a thermostat and controlled valve mechanism therefor, embodying my invention, taken on the longitudinal medial lineof the thermostat, certain few parts being shown in elevation;

Fi 2 is. a plan view of the thermostat cas- 1 3 is a plan of a split ring employed in the said embodiment;

Fig. 4 is a; view in side elevation of a stop element employed in the said embodiment, while Fig. 4: is a plan view of the same Fig. 5 is a vertical medial sectional view taken on the line 55 of Fig. 201? the thermostat employed in the foregoing figures; and

Fig. 6 shows a modified form of-container.

Referring now to the different figures of -15 drawing in all of which like parts are designated by like reference characters, at 1, I show a fluid circulating pump, such as a water pump employed in internal combustion engine cooling systems, and at- 2, I show 5 a portion of the waterjacket of the internal combustion engine which receives water or other fluid through an intake conduit 3, and' from which it is discharged bya discharge conduit 4.

ceived by the pump 1. 'Water is also discharged from the thermostat into a conduit 7 leading to the conduit 9, at the approach side of the pump 1. i f r The conduit 7 is commonly known as a bypass conduit and, in'the embodiment of my invention herein illustrated, comprises a duct 61 provided within vthe walls 72 and73 of the internal combustion engine, and is adapted to conduct varying amounts of cooling fluid directly'from the thermostat at the cooling fluid discharge port of the engine water jacket to the approach side of the pump 1 and without being exposed to any consider- 75 able cooling agency. On the other hand, that portion of the cooling fluid which passes from the thermostat through the radiator 8 before being returned to the pump 1 is cooled by being exposed to the cooling influence of air passed over the surfaces of the radiator.

through the radiator to regulate the cooling effect thereof upon the entire .bodyofwater in the cooling circulating system. Such systems being well known, one such system being illustrated in the patent to H; D. Church No. 1,398,361, dated November29, 1921, to which v reference may be had as illustrating generally the prior art efforts along the general lineofmy invention.

Some outstanding differences between the 'present construction and thatof the prior art, as exemplified by the above patent, are First, that inapplicants construction the thermostatic unit, comprising the thermostat, valves and supporting shell therefor, is removable as a unit and capable of being installed as a unit in-the cooling system of the internal combustion engine.

I Second, the thermostatic mechanism of applicants invention is of novel, highly'efiicient,

compact design not subject to derangement of arts and capable of easy replacement.

hird, the thermostatic mechanism is capable of being mounted directly on the head of the engine, within the walls of whiehithe by-pass conduit is provided and the inlet and by-pass outlet ports of the engine are in the same horizontal plane of the attaching face of .the thermostatic mechanism casing where- 'by such ports may be readily brought in alignment with cooperating ports of the thermostatic mechanism.

In apphcants thermostatic mechanism,

the timing of the valve functions of the branched flows leading from the valves controlling the radiator water and by-pass wa- 15, a suitable gasket 16 being interposed for fluid sealing purposes. The base flange is i. annularly counter bored at 17 sufficiently to receive the peripheral flange 18 of a thermostat supporting shell 19, generally of in verted cup .shaped form and having an end wall 20 with areentrant portion 21. The reentrant end wall comprises a depressed central portion 24 with an inner and upstandin'g annular bearing flange 22 for the cylindrical'valve rod 23 to guidethe same a plurality of spacedarins 25 supporting the said central portion openings 26 between the arms, being provided for the flow of cooling water from the interiorof the shell 19 to its exterior through the shell end wall.- The side walls 27 of the shell are impervious and preferably comprise, at a predeterm ned point, as at 28, an outwardly expanded annular bead.

A thermostatic bellows element 29 is housed within the shell 19, being supported by a split ring 30, whose peripheral portions are seated within the concavity of the bead and inner surfaces, and also part by the valve rod 23.

The thermostat bellows of my invention comprises, preferably, a tube 29 having corrugated flexible side walls 31 and stiffened end walls 32 and 33, the end wall 32com-' prising a dished plate with its rim flange 34 making sealed engagement with the lowerproach and close the-by-pass valve port 53 communicating with the by-pass conduit 61 'which leads through the-conduit 7 to the inmost convolution of the bellows side wall, and the uppermost end wall 33 being in the form of a disk having a depressed central portion 64 and lateral. peripheral flanges 35 inserted within and making fluid-tight connection with the uppermost convolution '36 0f the bellows side wall. The central portion positioned in of the end Wall 33 is preferably bowed up wardly and pierced at 37.

V Seated Within the recess formed by the depression of the central portion of the end Wall 33 is the flanged lower end 38 of the valve rod 23, The-valve rod 23 comprises an axial bore 39 thru which thermally expansible fluid contained within the bellows for expanding the s'ame may be introduced. The

bore 39, however, is subsequently closed by a plug 40 tightly inserted in the upper enlarged end of the bore. A (iap 41 screw threaded onto the'upper threaded end of the rod 23 is adapted to clamp, between its lower surface and the upper surface of the rod shoulder 42, a valve disk 43. The peripheral.

portions of thevalve disk 43 are adapted to engage the annular plane valve-seat 44, and when seated thereupon thevalve, comprising the disk and its seat, will effect a closure to the flow of water passing in the direction of the arrow 45 through the upward neck of the conduit element 10 andthence to the radiator 8. i As illustrated, particularly in Fig; 3, the split ring shown at 30, Fig. 1, comprises a half ring-section 30, and a complementary half ring-section 30", the two being placed together, as illustrated in- Fig. 3, complete an annular ring diametrically split along the line 46, having a relatively large central opening 47, the ring being of sheet metal and' apertured at intervals as shown at 48.

Thesplit ring sections are placed about the side walls of the bellows at opposite sides thereof and intermediate a pair of bellows convolutions 49 and 50, and forced between such convolutions untilv their diametrical edges are brought closely together and with the bellows inserted within the enclosing shell 19, the peripheral portions'of the split ring-sections being received within the annular-concave surface on-the inner wall of the shell at the annular bead 28 thereof. A good support for the bellows is thus effected, supporting thebellows on the sidewalls of the I shell, at the same time'permitting the flowof.

water or other cooling fluid past the bellows through the shell and into contact with all exterior surfaces of the bellows, and at the same time depending upon' the particular convolutions 49 and 50 between'which the split ring 30 is received, effecting a predetermination of the relative normal positions of the end plate 32,3vl1ich acts as a valveelement, and its valve seat 51.

The valve element 32 is adapted to aptake side of the pump 1. A stop element,

comprising a bent metallic strip formed as end flanges 55 projected within the bellows convolution 50 and an intermediate stop portion 56 preferably adapted to normally contact with the inner surface of the bellows. The bellows having been previously charged with any'suitable thBIIIlO-SGIQHIIVE liquid or vapor is first assembled within its shell 19, as illustrated andabove described, and the shell is then inserted Within the conduit element 10 of. the automotive englne cooling system with its rim flange 18 rigidly secured below the base flange 11 of thesaid conduit element, the adjustment of the valves being preferably so made that the valve, comprising the disk 43 and seat44l, and which herein we may call the valve A, Wlll normally be closed. v

The valve, comprising the valve element 32 and seat 51, and which herein we may call the valve B, will normally be open to a maximum extent; and the adjustments being moreover preferably so made that upon operation of the engine and the cooling fluid therefor being gradually heated, will at first be communicated to the interior of the shell and passed therefrom through the valve opening B through the by-pass conduit comprising sections 61 and 7. Returning to the pump, from thence it circulates through the engine water jacket again to the thermostat shell, the operation being cont1nuous unt1l the thermostat 29, by heat communicated through its walls to the thermo-sensitive liquid or vapor contained therein, Wlll expand longitudinally.

The preferred adjustment of the parts is one which will effect the initial stages of valve'opening of the valve A at about the same time the valve B has practically reached its closed position. Under such a conditlon of adjustment, the engine will rapidly attain its desired operating temperature, since there will be little or no cooling of the cooling fluid accomplished so long as little or none of the fluid ispassed through the valve A in the direction of the arrow 45 through the radiator 8. Until this is accom )lished, the rise in temperature will be rapid, but subsequently the valve A is opened and substantially simultaneously with the closure of the valve A, and the closure of the valve B will effect an increasedliftin g eflort upon the valve disk 43 which is exerted by, cooling fluid.

The valve disk will be moved "iq'J-wardly by the resultant combined effort of the expanded thermostat element 29 assisted by the lift. ing efl'ort of the water pressure. exerted on the under side of the valve disk 43.

'In this way I secure the advantage of. ac,- complishing an eflicient operation of both valves with a single thermostat of the bellows type, Water being passed through the radiator upon a predetermined heating of the engine, in sufficient quantity, will be cooled and will '8fit a cooling of the engine and resultant contraction of the thermostat tending to restore the thermostat toward normal valve operating position, whereupon the first described heating and resultant valve operation will reoccur, the periods of heating and cooling being within narrow limits of time 7 and degree to the end that a substantially constant temperature of cooling fluid is effected.

In Fig. 6 I show a modification of my invention wherein the side walls 27 of the casing 19 areannularly corrugated for a portion of their length so that the sections of the split ring 18' may be adjustable axially of the shell 19 fitting into any desired one of the annular recesses so provided in the side walls. This arrangement permits variation in relative movement of the two ends of the fluid containing acket encasing the internal combustion engine cylinders and a by-pass conduit adapted to shunt fluid from the radiator, of a thermostat controlling the flow through the radiator and also the said by-' pass conduit, said thermostat being immersible in fluid from the jacket and expansive responsive to an excess of temperature from a normal'temperature, a pair of valves operable thereby, one being disposed in the path of the flow to the radiator. the second disposed in the by-pass conduit, the first being effective to increase the flow through the radiator and the second valve being effective to decrease the flow through the by-pass upon such increased temperature, opposite ends of the thermostat effecting the above operation of the respective valves.

2. In athermostatic mechanism of the class described, in combination with an internal combustion engine and a cooling systcmtherefor, comprising a radiator, a cooling fluid containing jacket encasing the internal combustion engine cylinder and a 'bypass conduit adapted to shunt fluid from the radiator, of .a thermostat controlling the flow through the radiator and also the said by-pass conduit, said thermostat being im-' inersible in fluid from the jacket and expansive responsiveto an excess of temperature from a normal temperature, a pair of valvesoperable thereby, one being disposed in the path of the flow to the radiator, the second disposed in the by-pass conduit, the first valve being cfl'ective to increase the flow Wall of the thermostat to open and close the through theradiator and the second valve passage through the port'to increase or debeing effective to decrease the flow through crease the flow to the radiator, and a central the by-pass upon such increased temperature, 1y disposed valve element responsive to moveopposite ends of the thermostat efl'ecting the ments of the other thermostat end Wall to close above operation of the respective valves, said or open an opposing valve port from a'wall thermostat being fixedly supported interof the jacket to which the thermostat casing mediate its ends. may be attached at its open end.

3. In a thermostatic mechanism of the 5. In a thermostat for controlling the 'fiOW class described, in combination With an interof cooling fluid in an internal combustion en- ,nal combustion engine and a cooling system gine, the combination with a metallic thermotherefor, comprising a radiator, a cooling static element having a pair of oppositely disthe respective valves.

fluid containing jacket encasing the internal posed end Walls and flexible corrugated side combustion engine cylinders and a by-pass Walls, and adapted to contain a thermosensiconduit adapted to shunt fluid from the raditive fluid, of a tubular casing for the element ator, of a thermostat of tubular form having having impervious side Walls and a ported corrugated flexible side walls and closing end end Wall, a valve element for opening and walls, and interiorly charged With a thermoclosing the port, the other end of the casing sensitive fluid controlling the flow through being provided with peripheral means of at the radiator and also the said by-pass contachment to a Wall of the engine cooling duit, said thermostat being immersible in jacket and adapted to receive heated fluid fluid from the jacket and expansive respontherefrom andto exhaust suchfluid through sive to an excess of temperature from a nor the said port, a second valve element adapted mal temperature, a pair of valves operable A to open and close the port opening in such thereby, one being disposed in the path of the jacket Wall, each of said valves being responfloW tothe radiator, the second disposed in the sive to movements of adifferent one of the by-pass conduit, the first valve being eflecti-ve" thermostat end Walls, the first valve being to increase the flow through the radiator and responsive to an expansive movement of its the second valve bein efi'ective to decrease thermostat end Wall to open its controlled the flow through the by-pass upon such inport, the other valve element being responsive creased temperature, opposite ends of the to an expansive movement of its thermostat thermostat effecting the above operation of end Wall to close its control port, said last named port adapted to by-pass cooling fluid 4. In a-therm'ostatic mechanism of the class around the automotive engine fluidcooling described, incombin ation with an internal radiator. combustionengi ne and'a cooling system there- 6. In a thermostat for controlling the flow for, comprising a radiator, a cooling fluid conof cooling fluid in an internal combustion entaining jacket enca'sing the internal. com gine, the combination With a metallic thermobustion engine cylinders and a by-pass constatic element having a pair of oppositely disduit adapted to shunt fluid-from the radiator, posed end Walls and flexible corrugated side of a thermostat of tubular form having coralls, adapted to contain a thermo-sensitive rugated flexible side walls and closing l end fluid, of a tubular casing for the element havwalls, and interior'ly charged \Vlthtl. thermo- 'ing' impervious side Walls and a ported end sensitive fluid controlling the flow through Wall, a valve element for opening and closing theradiatoralid'also the'said by-pa'ss conduit, the port, the other end of thecasing being said thermostat being immersible in fluid provided With peripheral means of attach from the jacket-and expansive responsive to ment to a Wall of the engine cooling jacket an excess temperature from a normal temand adapted to receive heated fluid-therefrom perature,a pair of valves operable thereby, and to exhaust such fluid through the said one being disposed in the path of -the flow port, a second valve element adapted to open of the radiator, the second disposed in the and close a port opening. in such jacket Wall, by-pass conduit, the first valve being effective. each of said valves being responsive to move to increase the flow through the radiator ments of a difl'erent one of the thermostat end and the second valve being eifective -to dewalls, the first valve being responsive to an crease the flow through the by-pass upon such expansive movement of its thermostat end increased temperature, opposite ends of the wall to open its controlled port, the other thermostat effecting the above operation'oif valve element being responsive to an expan the respective valves,-sa 1d thermostat being .sive movement of ts thermostat end all fixedly supported intermediate its ends, a to close its control port, said last named port tubular casing for the thermostat adapted to adapted to by-pass cooling fluidar'ound the receive fluid from the jacket, an intraperiphautomotive engine fluid cooling. radlator, and

eral non-central portion of the casing and means for anchoring the thermostat relative an upper end Wall thereof having valve ports to the casing at an intermediate portion of the therethrough, a movable valve element rethermostat side Walls. I sponsive to longitudinal movements of an end 7. In a thermostat adaptable for attachi ment to acooling jacket wall of an automotive 'theretlirough to the interior of the casing and attached therein to an end wall of the thermostat element, a second valve element disposed approximately in the plane of the casing flange and rigidly secured to an opposite end of the thermostatic element, the side walls of the casing being impervious and adapted to convey fluid from the engine jacket passing through the. said port towards the engine radiator, said last mentioned valve element adapted to control a by-passed flow passed around said engine radiator, heated fluidbeing receivable from the engine jacket into the casing through the 1 flanged end thereof. i

8. In a thermostat adaptable for attachment to a cooling acket wall of an automotive engine, comprising a tubular casing, a thermostatic element-contained therein, said casing having a ported wall adapted to bedisposed remote from the jacket and an out wardly flangedend wall attachable thereto, a valve element overhanging the outer surface of the port and having a stem projected therethrough to the interior of thecasing and attached therein'to an end wall of the therm'ostat element, a second valve element disposed approximately in the plane of the casing flange and rigidly secured to an opposlte end of the thermostatic element, the side walls means for rigidly supporting a portion of the side walls of the thermostat intermediate the of the casing being impervious and adapted to convey fluid from the engine jacket passing through the said port towards the engine radiator, said last mentioned valve element adapted to controla hy-passed flow passed around said engine radiator, heated fluid being receivable from the engine jacket into the casing thru the flanged end thereof, and

thermostat end walls upon the casing. 9. In a thermostat adaptable for attachment to a cooling jacket wall of an automotive engine, comprising a tubular casing, a thermostatic element contained therein, said casing having a ported wall adapted to be disposed remote from the jacket and an outwardly flanged end wall attachable thereto, a valve element overhanging the outer sur face of the port andhaving a stem projected therethrough-to the interior of the casing and attached'therein to an end wall of the thermostat element, a second valve element disposed approximately in the plane of thev casingflange and rigidly secured to an opposite end of the thermostatic element, the side walls of the casing being impervious and adapted to convey fluid from the engine jacket passing through the said port towards the engine radiator, said last mentioned valve element adapted to control a by-passed flow passed around said engine radiator, heated fluid being receivable from the engine jacket into the casing through the flanged end thereof, and means for rigidly supporting a portion of the side walls of the thermostat intermediate the thermostat end walls upon the casing, said means comprising a segmental ring, the periphery thereof being inserted Within an annularconcavity contained within the outer walls of the casing.

said ring segments being perforated longitudinally,

10. In a thermostat adaptable for attachment to a cooling jacket wall of an automotive engine, comprising a tubular casing adapted for attachment by an end to the jacket wall, a thermostatic element contained in the casing, the said jacket wall having a valve opening and a second adjacent opening therethrough, a valve adapted for movement responsive to an expansive movement of the thermostat to close the valve opening, said adjacent opening adapted to communicate heated cooling water from the engine jacket to the space within the casing surrounding the thermostat,..and a port for the casing for the'discharge of water admitted to the intemm of the casing through said adjacent opening. 1 v

11. In a thermostat adaptable for attachment to a cooling jacket wall of an automotive engine, comprising a tubular casing adapted for attachment by an end to the jacket wall, a thermostatic element c0ntained in the casing, the said jacket wall having a valve opening and a second adjacent :opening therethrough, .a valve adapted for movement responsive to an expansive movement of the thermostat to close vthe valve opening, said adjacent opening adapted to communicate heated cooling water from the engine jacket to the space within the casing surrounding-the thermostat, and a port for the casing for the discharge of water admitted to the interior of the casing through said adjacent opening, a valve for said port movable to open the port responsive to expansive movements of the thermostat.

12. In a thermostat adaptable for attachment to a cooling jacket wall of an automotive engine, comprising a tubular casing adapted for attachment by an end to, the jacket wall, a thermostatic element contained in the casing, the said jacket wall having a valve opening and a second adjacent opening ,tlierethrough, a valve adapted for movement responsive to an expansive movement of the thermostat to close the valve opening, said adjacent opening adapted to communicate heated, cooling water from the engine jacket to the space within the casing surrounding i the thermostat, and a port for the casing for the discharge of water admitted to the interior of the casing through said adjacent open ing, a valve for said port movable to open the port responsive to (:XIiiLIISlVG-mOVGHIBIItSOf the thermostat, said t ermostat comprising end walls and flexible corrugated side walls joining the end walls, one of said end walls communicating motion to the first said valve, the other end wall communicating motion to the second named valve.

13. In a thermostat-adaptable for attachment to a cooling jacket wall of an automotive engine, comprising a tubular casing adapted for attachment by an end to the jacket wall, a thermostatic elementcontained in the casing, the said jacket wall having a valve opening and a second adj acent' opening therethrough, a valve adapted for movement responsive to an expansive movement of the thermostat to close the valve opening, said A adjacent opening adapted to communicate heated cool ngwat'er from the engine jacket to the space within the casing surrounding the thermostat, and a port for the casing for the discharge of wateradmitted to the interior oi the casing through said adjacent opening, a valve for said port movable to open the port responsive to expansive movement of the thermostat, said thermostat comprising end walls and flexible-corrugated side 'walls joining the end walls, one of said end walls communicating motion to the first said valve, theother end wall communicating motion to the second named valve, supporting means for the thermostatic'element extending from the tubular side wall of the casing to. the tubular corrugated side wall of the thermostaticelement. r Y

14. In a thermostat adaptable for attachment to a cooling j acket'wall of an automotive engine, comprising a-tubular casing adapted for attachment by an end to the jacketwall, a' thermostatic element contained in the easing, the said jacket wall having a valve openthermostat to "close the valve opening, saidadjacent opening adapted to communicate heated cooling water from the engine acket -to the space within the casing surrounding the thermostat, and a port for the casing for the discharge of water admitted to the interior of the casing through' said adjacent opening, a valve for said port movable to open the vport responsive to expansive movements of the thermostat, said thermostat comprising end walls and flexible corrugated side walls joining the end walls, one of said end walls communicating motion to the first said valve,

' the other end wall communicatin -motion to the second 'named valve, suppor ing means for the thermostatic element'extending from the tubular side wall of the casing to the tubiilar corrugated side wall of the thermostatic element, said supporting means comelement overhanging the outer surface of the port and having a stem projected therethrough to the interior of the casingand (attached therein to an end wall of the thermostat element, a second valve element disposed approximately in the plane of the casing flange and rigidly secured to an opposite end of the thermostatic element, the side walls of the casingbeing impervious and adapted to convey fluid from the engine jacket passing through thesaid port towards the engine radiator, saidsecond valve element adapted to control a by-passed flow passedaround said engine radiator, heated fluid being receivable from the engine jacket into the casing through the flanged end thereof, and means for rigidly supporting a portion of the side walls of the thermostat intermediate the thermostat end walls upon the casing, said means comprising a segmental ring, the periphery thereof belng nserted wlthin an annular concavity contained within the outer walls of the casing, said ring segments being perforated longitudinally, and a'stop element dis posed Within the thermostatic element com prising an intermediate yoke portion and upwardly extending outwardly flanged arms,

the arm flanges being rigidly secured to opposite side walls of the thermostatic element adjacent the thermostat supporting means, the intermediate portion being so disposed as to contact with the inner surface of the said thermostatic element opposite end when tlhp -thermostat is in relatively contracted con- 1.1011.

- 16.'A controlling mechanism, comprising .a container having a pair of end walls and interconnecting longitudinally expansible and collapsible side walls, said end walls adapted to be moved axially responsive to the effect of pressureof fluid-inthe container expanding the side walls, a pair of controlling 'means each individually operable by loligitudinal movement of a different one of said end walls and meanscontacting an intermediate portion of the side Wall to restrain movementofthe contacted side wallportion, a housing for the container having side walls spaced from and enclosing the container side walls, said restraining-means engageable with a portion of the housingopposite the contacted portion of the container.

17. A controlling mechanism comprising a container having a pair of end walls and interconnecting longitudinally expansiblc and collapsible side walls, said end walls adapted to be moved axially responsive to the effect of pressure of fluid in the container expanding the sidewalls, a pair of controlling means eachfiindividually operable by longi tudinal movement of a 'difierent one of said end walls and means contacting an intermediate portion oftheside wall to restrain movement of the contacted side wall portion, a housing for the container having side walls spaced from and enclosing the container side walls, said restraining means engageable with a portion of the housing oppositethe contacted portion of the container, and comprising an annular ring split diametrically to facilitate insertion within the housing.

18. A controlling mechanism comprising a container having a pair of end walls and interconnecting longitudinally "'expansible and collapsible side walls, said ,end walls adapted to be moved axially responsive to the effect of pressure of fluid 'in the container expanding the side walls, a pair of controlling means each individually operable by longitudinal movement of a different one of said end walls and means contacting an intermediate port-ion of the side Wall to restrain movement of the contacted side wall portion, a substantially cup shaped housing for the container havingbeaded side walls, said restraining means fitting between an annularlj recessed container side wall portion and an oppositely recessed head of the housing.

19. A controlling mechanism comprising a container having a pair of end walls and interconnecting longitudinally expansible and collapsible side walls, said end walls adapted to be moved axially responsive to the effect of pressure of fluid in the container expanding the side walls, a pair ,of controlling means each individually operable by longitudinal movement of a different one of said i end walls and means contacting an intermediate portion ofthe side wall to restrain movement of the contacted side wall portion,

and a housing for the container having side walls spaced from the container side walls, said container and houslng side walls being oppositely beaded, said restraining means I tractible thermostatic element having corrugated continuous longitudinally expansible side walls and an end wall disposed adjacent said valve, said end wall adapted to communicate motion to thevalve, and supporting means rigidly securing the mounting plate and the elementtegether, adapted to engage the thermostatic element intermediate its ends.

21. A'fluid pressure responsive valve comprising a mounting plate therefor having a valve adapted to close said aperture, an expansible and contractible thermostatic element having corrugated longitudinally expansible side walls and an endrwall disposed adjacent said valve, said-end wall adapted to communicate motion to the valve when pressures are introduced into the element, and supporting means rigidly securing the mounting plate and the element togetheradapted to engage between a pair of corrugations of the said element to support the same.

22. A fluid pressure responsive valve comprising a mounting plate therefor having a valve aperture therein, a valve adapted to close said aperture, a valve stem for the valve, an expansible and contractible thermostatic element having corrugated continuous longitudinally exp'ansible side walls and a relatively rigid end wall disposed adjacent said valve, said stem secured to said end wall and adapted to communicate motion to the valve, and, supporting means comprising a cage rigidly securing the mounting plate and the 'element together adapted to engage between a pair of intermediate corrugations of the thermostatic element.

23. A fluid pressure responsive valve comprising a substantially tubular housing, an axially disposed valve port therein and a thermo-expansible element axially disposed in the housing, having tubular side Walls of corrugated form defining a series of spaced "annular grooves on the outer surface of the element, said element being anchored within the casing by means projecting from the easing to engage the corrugated side walls of the element intermediate the ends'of the element, and a valve for said 'port operable by a relative movement of a longitudinally spaced portion of the element to the anchored portion thereof.

, 245. A fluid pressure responsive valve com- ,prising a substantially tubularhousing, an

axially disposed valve port therein and a thermo-expansible element axially disposed in the housing, having tubular side walls of corrugated form defining a series of spaced annular grooves on the" outer surface of the element, said element being anchored within the casing by means projecting from the easing to engage the corrugated side walls of the element intermediate the ends of the ele- 1-ncnt, and a valve tor said port operable by a relative movement of a longitudinally spaced portion ofthe element to the anchored portion thereof, and a second valve element operable by such relative movement of another longitudinally spaced portion of the elementclisposed on the opposite side of the said anchored surface.

25. A. fiuid'pressure responsive valve com prising a cage, a valve platesecured at one end of the cage and having avalve opening therethrough, a thermo-expansive element having an end wall and tubular side ,walls of corrugated form defining a series of spaced annular grooves on the outer surface of the element longitudinally disposed within the cage, a valve for the plate opening operable by axial movement of said end Wall, and meansjoining the cage and the corrugated side walls of the element intermediate its ends adapted to anchor the element with reference to the plate.

26. In a self-contained thermostat, adapted for controlling a flow of cooling fluid from the cooling jacket of an internal combustion engine cylinder towhich itmay be aflixed,

comprising a tubular casing comprising a tubular portion and a radial flange, a flanged tubular outlet element telescoped over said casing with its flange superposed over said casing flange, means to directly secure said casing and said outlet on to the jacketwall by their respective superposed flanges, a valve and thermostatic element supported by the casing, and means adapted to communicate movement from said element to said valve to move the valve to open and close a passage extending longitudinally through the casing communicating atone end directly with a portin the cooling jacket, and at its other end with the interior of the tubular outlet.

27. In a thermostat adapted for attach ment'directly to an automotive engine cylinder head cooling jacket having a top wall comprising tubular casing-having a radial flange, a thermostatic element supported thereby, said casing having a liquid passage therethrough, and adapted to be attached. by

its flange directly on the said top wall, a valve element supported by the casing adapted to be moved to close the passage, means adapted to communicate operative movement from said thermostatic element to said valve ele-,

ment, said. casing comprising substantially impervious side Walls and terminating in a discharge pass'ageat its upper-end, said jacket wall having an opening theretl'irough adapted to communicate cooling liquid from housing having a bottom flange superposed over the bottom flange of the casing. and attached thereby to the jacket top Wall.

In witness whereof I hereunto aflix my sigv nature this 8th day of September, 1928.

EDWARD J; LEVY.

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