USRE9595E - wilkinson - Google Patents

Description

A. W. WILKINSON. Manufacture of Illuminating Gas.

No. 9,595. Reissued March 1,1881.

- Original No.1 23,538, emu Februaryti,

UNITED, STATES.

PATENT ()FFICE.

OF NEW resign. Y;

MANUFACTURE OF i-LLuM -iN A-r Ne-eAsI srncrrroa'rroiv forming part of seamed team Patent m. 9,595, dated March 1. 1881.

, To all whom it may concern: T

Be it known that I, =ASA W. WILKINSON, of

the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and usefullmprovement in the Manufacture of IlluminatingGas; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact specificatiomreference being had to the accompanyingdrawing, which represents a sectional view of the apparatus which I use I in carrying out my invention.

This invention consists in manufacturing i1- lumiuating-gas by mixing hydrogengaswhich is free from impurities, particularly such con? taining oxygen, with hydrocarbons derivedfrom naphtha, gasoline, bituminous coal, or, other suitable materials, and then passing the inixturethrough one or more retorts heated to the desired degree, wherehya permanent-gaseons compound is. obtained of superior illuminating power.

In the preparation of .hydrogengas by the mutual action of acidsand metals, or of steam throughacarbureter charged with hydrocarbons, and then through heated retorts, the water combines with a portion of the hydrocarbon vapors, prodncin g various acids and other compounds, which, when mixed with the illuminating-gas, materially deteriorates its illuminating power. So, likewise, if hydrogen is mingled with carbonic oxide and passed through a carbureter charged with hydrocarbons, and then through heated retorts, a re.- action ensues, producing carbonic and other acid gases, which, as in the preceding case, im-

pair the photometric value of the illuminatinggases with which they are mingled. In freein g the illuminating-gas of these deteriorating gases and vapors by various purifying proccsses many of the most highly-valued illuminating agents are abstracted; hence I avoid their production by employing pure hydrogen.

The discovery of the fact that the hydrogen must be. pure, or nearly so, for the purpose, of making an illuminating'gas with rich hydrocarbons, forms the real base of my invention;

. and superior illuminating-gas by the following process.

If the hydrogen gas contains carbonic oxide I pass it through purifiers containing hydrate of lime, hydrate of sodaor potassa, or hydrate If the hydrogen gas contains the vapor of wabeing kept cool will partly condensethe water) through-one or more purifiers containing chloride of calcium or caustic lime, or other suitable material capable 'of absorbing the watery vapors. After the hydrogen gas has bon vapors, forming, however, a mere mechanpipes and consumed like a permanent gas, because, on being passed through pipes exposed pors condense, and the illuminating power of mixture of hydrocarbon gases, vapors, and hydrogen gas isfinally converted into a permanent gas by passing it through one or more refractory material, wherebylhc current of the gas is broken and the same is uniformly heat ed. On leaving the retort the gaseous mixture' has become a permanent gas of superior illuminating quality, which maybe subjected to a low degree of heat without condensation, the excess of hydrogen gas preventing a deutilizing every particle of the hydrocarbon an supplying the best possible diluent.

I have within my power the facility tomaka a gas of any illuminating standard that may 'berequired; and since theillnminating-pow'er i depends upon a proper mixture of illuminatand I-have succeeded in producing a cheap been purifiedIpass it through a carbureter G, where it takes up-a-quantity of hydrocar-' to a low temperature, these hydrocarbon V3 the mixture is lost or greatly diminished. The

posit of carbon or coal-tar in the retort, thus' 1m ;-Roissu'e No. 4,821, dated March 19, 1812; Reissue NJ. 5,149, dated November s, 1812. Applic'ltion'for reissue filed March 31, 1880. j v p of iron at a red heat, to absorb this impurity.

terI pass it from the receiver H (whichby ical mixture, which cannot be passed through rctorts, B, heated to a red heat, and filled with coal, pieces of brick, iron turnings, or. other By. regulating the quantity of hydrogen gas' .in our dwellings;

'of my gas is white and with chloride of sodium,

ing and nou-illuminatin g gases it will be readily conceded that a gas thus constituted will have great advantages, not only in illuminating. power, but in requiring a much smaller quantity of oxygen for its combustion than a gas derived from the distillation of bituminous coal alonc-a fact too often neglected in the use of gas for the purpose of illuminating and, furthermore, it is a well-known fact that coal-gas is contaminated sulphur compounds, and other impurities, which impart to the flame a yellow tint and contaminate-the air of the apartments in whichit is burned with delete- .rious and destructive vapors, while the flame made of pure hydrocarbon cannot produce any of these destructive compounds. In passing illuminating-gas through water and lime purifiers some .of illuininatin g compounds are absorbed.

My gasrequires no purification; but at the same time it contains a suflicient amount of odorou's materials to be recognized in case of leakage. p

I am aware of the English Patent N 0. 14,238 1852, which describes and shows certain means for producing gas for heating and illuminating purposes; but the various apparatus shown in said patent are difl'erent from mine,

brilliant, an d being the most valuable shown therein.

I do not claim as my invention the manufacture of illuminating-gas by passing watergas (which is a mixture of hydrogen, carbonic oxide, and vapor of water, and which is sometimes erroneously termed hydrogen gas,') mixed with hydrocarbons through a heated retort; but v What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The process of manufacturingilluminating gas by mixing hydrogen gas which isfree fromimpurities, particularly such containing oxygen, with hydrocarbons and then passing the mixture through a red-hot retort, substantially as described. p

.2. The combination of the receiver H, pu-

rifier P, carbnreter U, and retort R, arranged in relation to each other for joint action, substantially as and for the purpose herein showu and described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this 29th day of March, l880.

A. W. WILKINSON. 1,. s.]

Witnesses: F

W. HAUFF, E. F. KAsTEnHUBER. I

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