USPP10562P - Stevia plant named `RSIT 94-1306` - Google Patents
Stevia plant named `RSIT 94-1306` Download PDFInfo
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- USPP10562P USPP10562P US08/652,712 US65271296V US10562P US PP10562 P USPP10562 P US PP10562P US 65271296 V US65271296 V US 65271296V US 10562 P US10562 P US 10562P
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- rsit
- stevia
- rebaudioside
- stevioside
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- 241000544066 Stevia Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 235000019202 steviosides Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 32
- HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N rebaudioside A Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HELXLJCILKEWJH-NCGAPWICSA-N 0.000 abstract description 22
- UEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N Stevioside Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@]12C(=C)C[C@@]3(C1)CC[C@@H]1[C@@](C)(CCC[C@]1([C@@H]3CC2)C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O UEDUENGHJMELGK-HYDKPPNVSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- QSRAJVGDWKFOGU-WBXIDTKBSA-N rebaudioside c Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@]1(CC[C@H]2[C@@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@](CCC3)(C)C(=O)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)CC3)C(=C)C[C@]23C1 QSRAJVGDWKFOGU-WBXIDTKBSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229940013618 stevioside Drugs 0.000 abstract description 14
- OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N stevioside Natural products CC1(CCCC2(C)C3(C)CCC4(CC3(CCC12C)CC4=C)OC5OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C5OC6OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C6O)C(=O)OC7OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C7O OHHNJQXIOPOJSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- CANAPGLEBDTCAF-NTIPNFSCSA-N Dulcoside A Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O[C@]23C(C[C@]4(C2)[C@H]([C@@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@](CCC2)(C)C(=O)O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)CC4)CC3)=C)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O CANAPGLEBDTCAF-NTIPNFSCSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- CANAPGLEBDTCAF-QHSHOEHESA-N Dulcoside A Natural products C[C@@H]1O[C@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]2O[C@]34CC[C@H]5[C@]6(C)CCC[C@](C)([C@H]6CC[C@@]5(CC3=C)C4)C(=O)O[C@@H]7O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]7O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O CANAPGLEBDTCAF-QHSHOEHESA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000001512 FEMA 4601 Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000001776 FEMA 4720 Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- HELXLJCILKEWJH-SEAGSNCFSA-N Rebaudioside A Natural products O=C(O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)[C@@]1(C)[C@@H]2[C@](C)([C@H]3[C@@]4(CC(=C)[C@@](O[C@H]5[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O6)[C@@H](O[C@H]6[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O6)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O5)(C4)CC3)CC2)CCC1 HELXLJCILKEWJH-SEAGSNCFSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- HELXLJCILKEWJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N entered according to Sigma 01432 Natural products C1CC2C3(C)CCCC(C)(C(=O)OC4C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O4)O)C3CCC2(C2)CC(=C)C21OC(C1OC2C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)OC(CO)C(O)C1OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O HELXLJCILKEWJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000019203 rebaudioside A Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000004383 Steviol glycoside Substances 0.000 description 18
- 235000019411 steviol glycoside Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 229930182488 steviol glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 18
- 150000008144 steviol glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000006479 Cyme Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- GIPHUOWOTCAJSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rebaudioside A. Natural products C1CC2C3(C)CCCC(C)(C(=O)OC4C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O4)O)C3CCC2(C2)CC(=C)C21OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1OC(C1O)OC(CO)C(O)C1OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O GIPHUOWOTCAJSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011449 Rosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101100160255 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) YLR154C-H gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000228451 Stevia rebaudiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006092 Stevia rebaudiana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PBCJIPOGFJYBJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetonitrile;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC#N PBCJIPOGFJYBJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000011681 asexual reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013465 asexual reproduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015173 baked goods and baking mixes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002062 proliferating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002525 ultrasonication Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/14—Asteraceae or Compositae, e.g. safflower, sunflower, artichoke or lettuce
- A01H6/1488—Stevia
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/32—Articulated members
- Y10T403/32254—Lockable at fixed position
- Y10T403/32262—At selected angle
- Y10T403/32295—Securing yoke or ring spaced radially from locking means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), referred to by the varietal name ⁇ RSIT 94-1306 ⁇ .
- steviol glycosides with sweetening properties have been identified in leaf tissues of stevia.
- the four major glycosides are: stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C, and dulcoside A.
- the chemical structures of these compounds are shown in FIG. 1.
- Each of these steviol glycosides has unique sensory properties, and they can be used singly or in combination to provide a sweetener that has sensory properties tailored to a specific use.
- Stevia sweeteners are non-caloric, making them suitable for diabetics and weight-conscious consumers, and pH-stable and heat-stable, making them useful in a wide range of bottled beverages, confectioneries, baked goods, and dairy and canned products.
- stevia sweeteners are non-caloric, making them suitable for diabetics and weight-conscious consumers, and pH-stable and heat-stable, making them useful in a wide range of bottled beverages, confectioneries, baked goods, and dairy and canned products.
- Landrace stevia has a combination of steviol glycosides that is not optimal for all product applications.
- FIG. 1 shows the chemical structure of four major steviol glycoside sweeteners in stevia, stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C, and dulcoside A.
- FIG. 2 is a view of a plant of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of leaves of the plant of FIG. 2.
- SR2 and several other half sib populations were evaluated.
- ⁇ RSIT 94-1306 ⁇ was selected from the SR2 half sib population on the basis of its agronomic traits and steviol glycoside profile, based on replicated trials conducted at the Delhi Research Station.
- Table 1 shows the leaf yield (kg/ha), height (cm), and lodging of ⁇ RSIT 94-1306 ⁇ as compared with ⁇ Brazil ⁇ , an open-pollinated landrace variety of stevia and the most widely grown stevia variety in Brazil.
- Table 2 shows steviol glycoside profiles in leaves of ⁇ RSIT 94-1306, ⁇ SR2, the maternal parental population from which ⁇ RSIT-1306 ⁇ was selected, and ⁇ Brazil ⁇ .
- ⁇ RSIT 94-1306 ⁇ was dug out of the field in the fall of 1994 and vegetatively propagated at the Dehli Research Station by shoot-tip and stem cuttings. The stability of the steviol glycoside and agronomic traits of ⁇ RSIT 94-1306 ⁇ was verified in replicated trials conducted in 1995.
- ⁇ RSIT 94-1306 ⁇ is a suffrutescent, erect perennial (FIG. 2).
- Field-grown plants may attain a height of 1.1 meters, but more commonly have a height of 6-8 dm.
- the stems are round, pubescent, and have internodes of medium length.
- the leaves are simple, opposite, sessile, exstipulate, and oblanceolate.
- the leaf apices are obtuse and the leaf margins are crenate above the middle and entire on a cuneately narrow base.
- the leaves are three-nerved and conspicuously veiny.
- the leaf surface is puberulent with short glandless hairs.
- the largest cauline leaves are up to 8 cm long and 4 cm wide and are often proliferous in the axils (FIG. 3).
- the inflorescence is loosely paniculate with the heads appearing opposite the bracts in irregular sympodial cymes.
- the flower corollas have a pale purple throat and white limb.
- the seed are nearly uniform achenes, 15-17 aristate (Robinson, 1930).
- Fresh leaf samples were harvested from field-grown stevia plants and stored in a freeze prior to extraction. Samples were freeze dried, ground to pass through a 40-mesh screen, and again freeze dried before extraction. Ground, freeze-dried plant material (300 mg) was weighed into a 15 ml polypropylene centrifuge tube (Fisher). Ten ml of 1:1 (v/v) acetonitrile-water (acetonitrile from Caledon Laboratories Ltd., Georgetown, Ontario, 190 HPLC grade) was added to each sample. Sample tubes were suspended in an ultrasonic bath at maximum ultrasonication (#9) for 15 min (Lab-line Inst. model #9333, Melrose Park, Ill.) with occasional stirring and rotation to ensure optimal extraction.
- Sample tubes were then centriguged at 1500 rpm for 15 min (International Centrifuge, Model V Size 2, International Equipment, Boston, Mass.). The extraction solvent was transferred to a volumetric flask with a Pasteur pipette. For routine analyses, duplicate extractions were utilized and the solvent transferred to a 25 ml volumetric flask filled to volume with acetonitrile. Samples were filtered through a 0.45 micron filter (Acrodisc 13, Gelman Sciences, Ann Arbor, Mich.).
- stevioside was used as a standard.
- the response factor found for stevioside was used for the other three steviol glycosides after correcting for differences in molecular weight.
- a standard sample of rebaudioside A was analyzed after each calibration.
- the chromatographic column was a Waters cartridge carbohydrate column (Part No. WAT 044355) having an inside diameter of 250 ⁇ 4.6 mm.
- the guard column was a carbohydrate sentry guard column (Part No. WAT 046895).
- the "A” solvent was H 2 O (pH 5.25 with AcOH)
- the "B” solvent was acetonitrile
- the "C” solvent was acetonitrile.
- the flow rate was 1.5 ml/min.
- the time table for use of solvents A, B, and C is found in Table 3.
- the post time was six minutes and the elution times for the steviol glycosides were 14.5 minutes for dulcoside A, 18.8 minutes for stevioside, 20.4 minutes for rebaudioside C, and 23.5 minutes for rebaudioside A.
- Retention times of the components of interest decreased with extensive use of the column. It was usually sufficient to simply reduce the amount of water in the initial chromatographic conditions to restore the retention times. Individual columns have been used for more than one thousand samples. Guard columns typically were replaced after about 300 samples or when system pressure became excessive. Periodically the column was washed with water to remove other plant constituents which accumulated on the column. Steviol glycosides were identified by retention time and concentrations were determined by an external standards method.
- Steviol glycosides may be produced from leaves or other parts of ⁇ RSIT 94-1306 ⁇ and formulated into a sweetener for use in the food industry or by consumers by any conventional method. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,892,938. Purified extract solutions may be directly added to a foodstuff or beverage, for example, in liquid form or converted to a crystalline form. The sweetness intensity of steviol glycosides is usually about 150 to 300 times that of sucrose, depending on the concentration of the steviol glycosides used.
- stevia extracts can be suitably diluted with a conventional diluent, e.g., a tasteless soluble starch, to achieve a sweetness intensity approximately that of sugar (i.e., sucrose).
- a unit of a stevia sweetener e.g., an amount having a total sweetness comparable to that of a standard lump of sugar, can be packaged for commercial distribution in small paper bags or in other forms known in the art.
- Steviol glycosides from ⁇ RSIT 94-1306 ⁇ can be used singly on in combination with steviol glycosides from other stevia varieties or with other conventional sweeteners to provide a sweetener composition that has sensory properties tailored to a specific use.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A new and distinctive variety of Stevia characterized by a high ratio of stevioside to rebaudioside C, a high ratio of stevioside to rebaudioside A, and a high ratio of stevioside to dulcoside A.
Description
The present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), referred to by the varietal name `RSIT 94-1306`.
Eight steviol glycosides with sweetening properties have been identified in leaf tissues of stevia. The four major glycosides are: stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C, and dulcoside A. The chemical structures of these compounds are shown in FIG. 1. Each of these steviol glycosides has unique sensory properties, and they can be used singly or in combination to provide a sweetener that has sensory properties tailored to a specific use. Stevia sweeteners are non-caloric, making them suitable for diabetics and weight-conscious consumers, and pH-stable and heat-stable, making them useful in a wide range of bottled beverages, confectioneries, baked goods, and dairy and canned products. For reviews of the use of stevia as a source of sweeteners, see, e.g., Handro and Ferreira, 1989, Lee 1982, and Phillips, 1987.
We set out to develop stevia varieties with high concentrations of individual steviol glycosides that could be extracted and recombined in ratios suitable for specific product uses. Landrace stevia has a combination of steviol glycosides that is not optimal for all product applications.
We discovered our new variety in a cultivated area at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Station near Delhi, Ontario, Canada ("Delhi Research Station"). The following unique combination of characteristics is outstanding in `RSIT 94-1306` and distinguishes it from its parents and all other stevia varieties of which we are aware: (1) a high ratio of stevioside to rebaudioside C; (2) a high ratio of stevioside to rebaudioside A; and (3) a high ratio of stevioside to dulcoside A.
This variety has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The following observations, measurements and comparisons describe plants grown under conditions that are similar to those generally used in commercial practice.
Asexual reproduction of this new variety by shoot-tip and stem cuttings was performed at the Delhi Research Station and showed that the foregoing characteristics are established and transmitted through succeeding asexual propagations.
The accompanying photographs show typical specimens of this new variety, depicted in color as nearly true as is reasonably possible in a color photograph of this character. The photographs were taken at the Delhi Research Station in February 1996.
FIG. 1 shows the chemical structure of four major steviol glycoside sweeteners in stevia, stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C, and dulcoside A.
FIG. 2 is a view of a plant of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of leaves of the plant of FIG. 2.
In 1989, seed of a landrace stevia variety from China was increased in a greenhouse at the Delhi Research Station by inter-pollination. In the summer of 1990, approximately 1000 plants were grown. Fifteen plants were selected from this population and designated SR1 through SR15. Crowns of these plants were dug out of the field in the fall of 1990 and grown in a greenhouse in the fall and winter of 1990-1991. These plants were inter-crossed and half sib seed collected from each parent plant.
In the summer of 1991, these half sib families were evaluated in a genetic heritability trial (Brandle and Rosa, 1992). One of the entries in this trial was the SR2 half sib population.
In the summer of 1994, SR2 and several other half sib populations were evaluated. `RSIT 94-1306` was selected from the SR2 half sib population on the basis of its agronomic traits and steviol glycoside profile, based on replicated trials conducted at the Delhi Research Station.
Table 1 shows the leaf yield (kg/ha), height (cm), and lodging of `RSIT 94-1306` as compared with `Brazil`, an open-pollinated landrace variety of stevia and the most widely grown stevia variety in Brazil.
TABLE 1 ______________________________________ Agronomic traits of `RSIT 94-1306` and `Brazil` Leaf Yield Height Lodging Variety (kg/ha) (cm) (0-9).sup.1 ______________________________________ 94-1306 2523 52 2.0 Brazil 2052 61 4.5 ______________________________________ .sup.1 Lodging is based on a scale of 0-9 where 0 = no lodging and 9 = al the plants lodged flat on the ground at harvest. A rating of 2 indicates that a few plants were leaning at an angle at harvest.
Table 2 shows steviol glycoside profiles in leaves of `RSIT 94-1306,` SR2, the maternal parental population from which `RSIT-1306` was selected, and `Brazil`. In particular, the following were examined (on a dry weight basis): percent dulcoside A (% dulc.), percent stevioside (% stev.), percent rebaudioside C (% reb.C), percent rebaudioside A (% reb.A), and percent total glycosides (% total=% dulc.+% stev.+% reb.C+% reb.A).
TABLE 2 ______________________________________ Steviol glycoside profiles of `RSIT 94-1306`, SR2, and `Brazil` % % % % % Variety Year dulc. stev. reb. C reb. A Total ______________________________________ 94-1306 1994 1.12 17.25 nd.sup.1 nd.sup.1 18.37 SR2 1994 1.02 13.07 0.16 0.41 14.83 Brazil 1995 0.25 7.61 0.54 3.00 11.40 ______________________________________ .sup.1 nd = none detected
`RSIT 94-1306` was dug out of the field in the fall of 1994 and vegetatively propagated at the Dehli Research Station by shoot-tip and stem cuttings. The stability of the steviol glycoside and agronomic traits of `RSIT 94-1306` was verified in replicated trials conducted in 1995.
`RSIT 94-1306` is a suffrutescent, erect perennial (FIG. 2). Field-grown plants may attain a height of 1.1 meters, but more commonly have a height of 6-8 dm. The stems are round, pubescent, and have internodes of medium length. The leaves are simple, opposite, sessile, exstipulate, and oblanceolate. The leaf apices are obtuse and the leaf margins are crenate above the middle and entire on a cuneately narrow base. The leaves are three-nerved and conspicuously veiny. The leaf surface is puberulent with short glandless hairs. The largest cauline leaves are up to 8 cm long and 4 cm wide and are often proliferous in the axils (FIG. 3).
The inflorescence is loosely paniculate with the heads appearing opposite the bracts in irregular sympodial cymes. The flower corollas have a pale purple throat and white limb. The seed are nearly uniform achenes, 15-17 aristate (Robinson, 1930).
Fresh leaf samples were harvested from field-grown stevia plants and stored in a freeze prior to extraction. Samples were freeze dried, ground to pass through a 40-mesh screen, and again freeze dried before extraction. Ground, freeze-dried plant material (300 mg) was weighed into a 15 ml polypropylene centrifuge tube (Fisher). Ten ml of 1:1 (v/v) acetonitrile-water (acetonitrile from Caledon Laboratories Ltd., Georgetown, Ontario, 190 HPLC grade) was added to each sample. Sample tubes were suspended in an ultrasonic bath at maximum ultrasonication (#9) for 15 min (Lab-line Inst. model #9333, Melrose Park, Ill.) with occasional stirring and rotation to ensure optimal extraction. Sample tubes were then centriguged at 1500 rpm for 15 min (International Centrifuge, Model V Size 2, International Equipment, Boston, Mass.). The extraction solvent was transferred to a volumetric flask with a Pasteur pipette. For routine analyses, duplicate extractions were utilized and the solvent transferred to a 25 ml volumetric flask filled to volume with acetonitrile. Samples were filtered through a 0.45 micron filter (Acrodisc 13, Gelman Sciences, Ann Arbor, Mich.).
Analyses were performed on a liquid chromatograph (Hewlett-Packard 1090) equipped with a three-channel solvent delivery system, auto sampler, and diode array detector interfaced with a chem station. Stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C, and dulcoside A standards were obtained from FWB Chemical Consulting Ltd., Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Stevioside was also obtained from Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, Mo. Due to the wide variation in plant material analyzed, co-eluting peaks occasionally were apparent in the chromatogram. Often these plant constituents were eliminated filtration through a Waters NH2 Sep-Pak cartridge (Part No. WATO 20535) prior to analysis. For routine analyses, only stevioside was used as a standard. The response factor found for stevioside was used for the other three steviol glycosides after correcting for differences in molecular weight. In order to monitor this assumption during the sample determinations, a standard sample of rebaudioside A was analyzed after each calibration.
The chromatographic column was a Waters cartridge carbohydrate column (Part No. WAT 044355) having an inside diameter of 250×4.6 mm. The guard column was a carbohydrate sentry guard column (Part No. WAT 046895). The "A" solvent was H2 O (pH 5.25 with AcOH), the "B" solvent was acetonitrile, and the "C" solvent was acetonitrile. The flow rate was 1.5 ml/min. The time table for use of solvents A, B, and C is found in Table 3.
TABLE 3 ______________________________________ Time table for use of Solvent A (H.sub.2 O, pH 5.25 with AcOH), Solvent B (acetonitrile), and Solvent C (acetonitrile) Time (min.) % Solvent A % Solvent B % Solvent C ______________________________________ 0 13 43 44 12 17.5 41 41.5 26 24 38 39 26.1 13 43 44 ______________________________________
The post time was six minutes and the elution times for the steviol glycosides were 14.5 minutes for dulcoside A, 18.8 minutes for stevioside, 20.4 minutes for rebaudioside C, and 23.5 minutes for rebaudioside A. Retention times of the components of interest decreased with extensive use of the column. It was usually sufficient to simply reduce the amount of water in the initial chromatographic conditions to restore the retention times. Individual columns have been used for more than one thousand samples. Guard columns typically were replaced after about 300 samples or when system pressure became excessive. Periodically the column was washed with water to remove other plant constituents which accumulated on the column. Steviol glycosides were identified by retention time and concentrations were determined by an external standards method.
Steviol glycosides may be produced from leaves or other parts of `RSIT 94-1306` and formulated into a sweetener for use in the food industry or by consumers by any conventional method. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,892,938. Purified extract solutions may be directly added to a foodstuff or beverage, for example, in liquid form or converted to a crystalline form. The sweetness intensity of steviol glycosides is usually about 150 to 300 times that of sucrose, depending on the concentration of the steviol glycosides used. If desired, stevia extracts can be suitably diluted with a conventional diluent, e.g., a tasteless soluble starch, to achieve a sweetness intensity approximately that of sugar (i.e., sucrose). For convenient use by the consumer, a unit of a stevia sweetener, e.g., an amount having a total sweetness comparable to that of a standard lump of sugar, can be packaged for commercial distribution in small paper bags or in other forms known in the art. Steviol glycosides from `RSIT 94-1306` can be used singly on in combination with steviol glycosides from other stevia varieties or with other conventional sweeteners to provide a sweetener composition that has sensory properties tailored to a specific use.
All publications and published patent documents citied in this specification are incorporated herein by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.
Brandle, J., Rosa, N. (1992). "Heritability for Yield, Leaf:Stem Ratio and Stevioside Content Estimated from a Landrace Cultivar of Stevia rebaudiana." Can. J. Plant Sci. 72:1263-1266.
Handro, W., Ferreira, C.M. (1989). "Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni: Production of Natural Sweeteners." In: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol. 7, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants II (ed. Y.P.S. Bajaj), Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 468-487.
Lee, J. I., et al. (1982). "New High Rebaudioside-A Stevia Variety `Suweon 11`." Res. Rept. ORD 24(C):186-188.
Phillips, K.C. (1987). "Stevia: Steps in Developing a New Sweetener." In: Developments in Sweeteners-3, Elsevier Applied Science, London (ed: T. H. Grenby). pp. 1-43.
Robinson, R. L. (1930). Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University XC, The Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. pp. 78-91.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,892,938 (1990).
Claims (1)
1. A new and distinctive variety of Stevia plant, substantially as herein shown and described.
Priority Applications (1)
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US08/652,712 USPP10562P (en) | 1996-05-29 | 1996-05-29 | Stevia plant named `RSIT 94-1306` |
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US08/652,712 USPP10562P (en) | 1996-05-29 | 1996-05-29 | Stevia plant named `RSIT 94-1306` |
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US08/652,712 Expired - Lifetime USPP10562P (en) | 1996-05-29 | 1996-05-29 | Stevia plant named `RSIT 94-1306` |
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6255557B1 (en) | 1998-03-31 | 2001-07-03 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Ministerof Agriculture And Agri-Food Canada | Stevia rebaudiana with altered steviol glycoside composition |
US8017168B2 (en) | 2006-11-02 | 2011-09-13 | The Coca-Cola Company | High-potency sweetener composition with rubisco protein, rubiscolin, rubiscolin derivatives, ace inhibitory peptides, and combinations thereof, and compositions sweetened therewith |
US8030481B2 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2011-10-04 | The Coca-Cola Company | Stevioside polymorphic and amorphous forms, methods for their formulation, and uses |
US8791253B2 (en) | 2006-06-19 | 2014-07-29 | The Coca-Cola Company | Rebaudioside A composition and method for purifying rebaudioside A |
US9012626B2 (en) | 2006-06-19 | 2015-04-21 | The Coca-Cola Company | Rebaudioside a composition and method for purifying rebaudioside a |
US9101160B2 (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2015-08-11 | The Coca-Cola Company | Condiments with high-potency sweetener |
USPP27815P3 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2017-03-28 | S&W Seed Company | Stevia plant named ‘SW 201’ |
USPP27937P3 (en) | 2014-11-30 | 2017-04-25 | S&W Seed Company | Stevia plant named ‘SW 107’ |
USPP28373P3 (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2017-09-12 | S&W Seed Company | Stevia plant named ‘SW 129’ |
USPP28977P3 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2018-02-20 | S&W Seed Company | Stevia plant named ‘SW 227’ |
-
1996
- 1996-05-29 US US08/652,712 patent/USPP10562P/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6255557B1 (en) | 1998-03-31 | 2001-07-03 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Ministerof Agriculture And Agri-Food Canada | Stevia rebaudiana with altered steviol glycoside composition |
US9101160B2 (en) | 2005-11-23 | 2015-08-11 | The Coca-Cola Company | Condiments with high-potency sweetener |
US8791253B2 (en) | 2006-06-19 | 2014-07-29 | The Coca-Cola Company | Rebaudioside A composition and method for purifying rebaudioside A |
US9012626B2 (en) | 2006-06-19 | 2015-04-21 | The Coca-Cola Company | Rebaudioside a composition and method for purifying rebaudioside a |
US8017168B2 (en) | 2006-11-02 | 2011-09-13 | The Coca-Cola Company | High-potency sweetener composition with rubisco protein, rubiscolin, rubiscolin derivatives, ace inhibitory peptides, and combinations thereof, and compositions sweetened therewith |
US8030481B2 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2011-10-04 | The Coca-Cola Company | Stevioside polymorphic and amorphous forms, methods for their formulation, and uses |
USPP27937P3 (en) | 2014-11-30 | 2017-04-25 | S&W Seed Company | Stevia plant named ‘SW 107’ |
USPP27815P3 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2017-03-28 | S&W Seed Company | Stevia plant named ‘SW 201’ |
USPP28373P3 (en) | 2015-11-17 | 2017-09-12 | S&W Seed Company | Stevia plant named ‘SW 129’ |
USPP28977P3 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2018-02-20 | S&W Seed Company | Stevia plant named ‘SW 227’ |
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