US988016A - Elevator. - Google Patents

Description

M. E. NEENAN.

ELEVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR-1,1907v Patented Mar.28,1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

W I/VI/E/VTOH ATTORNEY TH'E NORRIS PETERS C0,, WASHINGTON, a, c

M. E. NEEN-AN.

WITNESSES:

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' ELEVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APB. 1,1907.

Patented Mar.28,1911.

3 MEETS-SHEET 2.

' INVENTOR Q ATTORNEY rm: NORRIS PETERS :0, WASHINGTON, D. c.

M. E. NEENAN.

ELEVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APB-.1, 1907 I Patented Mar.28, 1911.

INVENTOR WITNESSES:

3 SHEETS-SHEET a.

Mag (2 I .THE NORRIS PETERS ca, WASHINGTLIN', nc,

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UNKTEE J%TATE% PATENT @FFEQEE.

MICHAEL NEENAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR 'I'G GTIS ELEVATOR-COMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, JERSEY, A CORPORATIGN OF NEW JERSEY.

ELEVATOR.

Application filed April 1, 1907. se ia in. 355,704.

To all t hom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MICHAEL E. NEENAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Elevators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to frictional driving apparatus for elevators, similar to that disclosed in my Patent No. 912,256, February 9, 1909, for improvement in elevators.

The principal object of my invention is the provision of a tensioning device in a traction elevator system torender the latter more eiiicient by reducing the slipping of the power-transmitting means to a minimum.

Other objects of my invention will appear hereinafter, the novel combinations of elements being pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents more or less diagrammatically a traction elevator system embodying my in-- vention; Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a modification; Figs. l l 1 and 1 are detail views of slightly modified forms of the equalizing device itself; Figs. 3,3, at, 5 and 7 are diagrammatic elevations of still further modifications which illustrate modes of carrying into effect the principles of my invention; Fig. 6 represents in elevation an other modification; Fig. 8 is an elevation of the car and its appurtenances showing an additional modification; Fig. 9 is a bottom view of the car and its accessories shown in F i 8' and Fi 's. 10 and 11 are detail views.

The power-transmitting means in this instance comprises-ropes or: cables passing on and off the driving apparatus and associated with these ropes or cables, is a device whereby the tension throughout said cables is regulated by the load suspended directly by said cables or a connection therefrom. By this arrangement embodying my invention, weights as used heretofore to apply tension to the cables may be dispensed with or used if desired in addition and it is rendered impossible for any increased load upon the car or sudden stoppage of the same, or sudden starting of the driving apparatus, tocause the latter to slip. To this end the ropes and sheaves are so disposed, and the car so suspended therefrom, that while the weight of the car, or of the car and its load holds in Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar; 28, 1911.;

tension its direct suspension and hoisting ropes, it also holds in tension the opposite leads of the ropes and takes up the slack thereof, and appliesigreater tension to the said opposite leads of the ropes when the load on the car causes increased tension on its direct suspension or hoisting ropes,. and v1ce versa. r

, Referring to Fig.1, 11 designates an ele-. vator car suspended at one end of thecan ropes 12 which extend over a sheave 33 and are attached at their other ends to the coun terweight 36. The sheave 3,3 is hung to the ends of the driving rope or cable 40, as for example, by means of the yoke 18*. This driving rope or power-transmitting. means passes over the fixed sheave 13, that is, over the sheave 13 having a fixed pivot or hearing mounted for instance on the fixed beam 45. Thence the driving rope 4O extends downwardly under a sheave tl mount-- ed on the upper side or on the top of. the counterweight 36; thence up and over a lever as, having a fixed pivot or bearing mounted on the fixed beam 46; thence down wardly to the yoke 18 to which it is con-v nected. v The other end of the rope .40 is also connected to the yoke 18 and extends upwardly over the lever 42 in an additional groove therein, and then extends down and around the fixed sheave 44;, up to and around the sheaves? mounted on the bottom of the counterweight 36,, and finally down and around the motor-drum or motor sheave 14 of the driving apparatus. Or, starting with one end of the rope 40 it may be traced in suc., cession around the lever 12, sheaves. 4:1, 13, let, 4E3, 4d and lever 42 back to the yoke or hanger 18 5 Under this arrangement; the car is moved up or down by the movement imparted to the counterweight 36 by the driving rope 40 which isdrawn in either direction by the motor-drum or motor sheave 14. The weight of the car applied tothe driving 'rope40, through the equalizing device 4-2 maintains tension on said driving rope, automatically takes up any slack there'lv in, and regulates the frictlon of the motordrum 1 according to the load on the car. Now it is evident that When the .car is being lifted or lowered the bearing ,of sheave 33 will remain substantially stationary ex: cept upon changes of load due either to actual changes therein or to h ertia. For instance, if the car is to be lifted the inertia of starting must be overcome and there will be a tendency of the driving sheave 121 to slip on the driving rope 10. To lift the car the sheave 1% must be rotated in an anti-clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 1. There will then be a tendency for the right-hand lead of the driving rope winding off the drum to become slack, but this tendency is counteracted by the downward pull on the counterweight and the consequent downward pull on the sheave 33, which pull is transmitted along that portion of the rope 410 passing under the sheave 11 and over the sheave 13. The tendency for the right-hand lead to become slack being thus overcome, slipping of the driving sheave 1 1 on the rope 40 will be prevented. It is evident that when the inertia of the car is thus to be overcome in starting, and the counterweight 36 is moved slightly downwardly before the car is actually started, the consequent slight downward movement of the sheave 33 will produce a tilting or oscillating movement of the lever 12.

After the car is under way the sheave 43 rolls onto that portion of the rope 4C0 between said sheave 43 and the sheave 14. At the same time the sheave 11 lengthens the loop in which it rotates. The anti-clockwise rotation. of the driving sheave 1 1 takes up that portion of the cable a0 passing downwardly from the sheave 43 to the sheave 14, and pays out that portion of the rope 10 passing downwardly from the sheave 13 to the sheave 41. It will thus be obvious that the oscillating movement of the equalzing device 12 is very limited, and that there 1s substantially no movement thereof ex cept upon changes of load that the motor must drive. Obviously a sheave 12, as shown in Fig. 2, may be substituted for the lever 4E2 if desired. It is advantageous to maintain the portions of the rope extending downwardly in a vertical position, but this may be accomplished either by a lever 412, as shown in Fig. 1, with arc-shaped end portions, or by a sheave 42 as in Fig. 2. Figs. 1, 1 1, and 1 show various modifications of the equalizing device 12. In Fig. 1 is shown a lever 12 which in reality is a sheave with portions cut away therefrom, the grooves 15 and 45 being shown out of lateral alinement for the sake of simplicity in illustrating the rope connections. In this instance the ropes 10 pass horizontally across the top of the lever 42 and thence downwardly on the left hand side as viewed in Fig. 1 to the yoke 13. If desired the ends of the rope 10 may be fastened to the righthand portion of the lever 12 as indicated in Fig. 1 and then additional ropes 4:0, 4:0 fastened to the left-hand portion thereof and placed in the grooves 15, 4:5. In Fig. 1 the lever is still further modified so that the end grooves are not arc-shaped, but vertical.

The lever 12 then appears as a simple straight lever having two grooves for receiving the end portions of the rope 40. As in Fig. 1 I have illustrated how the rope 40 may be fastened to the lever 42, so also in Fig. 1 I have shown the upper ends of the rope 40 secured to the right-hand end of the lever 42 The left-hand end of the lever 12 is then connected by short sections of rope 1O, 40 to the yoke 13 Whether the pulley 12 or one of the forms of simple levers illustrated in Figs. 1, 1 1 1 and 1 be used, the operation of the invention is substantially the same. Furthermore it is obvious that various changes in the details of such a tensioning device may be made by those skilled in the art and still fall within the principles of my invention, and I desire, therefore, not to be limited to any particular form of such tensioning device. Although in Fig. 1 I have shown a motion reduction gear of two-to-one, referring to the reduction of motion between the rope on the face of the driving drum and that attached to the car, by modifications this can be carried out to any extent desired in connection with the tensioning device.

As shown in Fig. 2, the sheave 33 may be suitably suspended wholly from the upper section of the driving rope 40, the lower sec tion thereof being attached at a fixed point, for instance, that designated 4 1 instead of passing around a fixed lever or sheave, that is, a lever or sheave having a fixed pivot or hearing. With such an arrangement it is evident that the sheave A2 acts as an equalizing or take-up device, for upon any downward movement bodily of the sheave 33, the device 12 will be slightly rotated, tilted or oscillated to take up the slack in the lead winding on the drum 1 1-, or the lead winding off the drum 14-. The device 12 may be substituted by one of the levers illustrated in Figs. 1, 1", 1 and 1, and the operation would be the same. For instance, if the sheave 141 is rotating in a clockwise direction and the car 11 therefore traveling downwardly, and the motor M is slowed down and stopped by effecting the application of a brake thereto, in any well known manner, there will be a tendency for the rope 10 to slip on the sheave 1 1, due to the inertia of the car. The upward pull on the hoisting rope 12 tends to continue to lift the counterweight 36 and produces a strong pull on the left-hand lead of the driving rope against the fixed point 14, and such upward movement of the counterweight 36 tends to slacken the right-hand lead adjacent the motor-drum 1a. This tendency to slacken, however, is overcome by the slight rotation or movement to a limited degree of the equalizing device 19. in an anti-clockwise direction, thus tightening the right-hand lead. The downward bodily movement of the sheave 33 to produce a slight tilting or rotative movement of the sheave 42 is due to the inertia pull of the car against the counterweight which is held substantially stationary by the lower section of the rope 40 at the fixed point 44 and at the motor sheave 14 which has been stopped. It is now evident that by adding additional weight to the car when the driving drum. 14 and the counterweight 36 are thus held stationary, both port-ions of the driving rope 40 leading to or from the sheave 14, are tightened in proportion to such addition to the load.

Although the motor may be of any type, as for instance, steam, hydraulic, alternating current, direct current, etc., it is preferable to employ an electric motor directly connected to the driving sheave 14. Any suitable controlling means may be employed in connection with such motor, that shown in Fig. 1 being merely by way of illustration. As there indicated, an electric reversing switch 47 is connected between the positive and negative mains and the motor terminals, and this reversing switch is operated by the electro-magnetic mechanism 48 controlled from the car by the manual electric switch 49. I

In the modification shown in the diagram, Fig. 3, a loose sheave 29 is suspended from the upper ends of the drivlng ropes 40, which in this instance are also the suspension ropes. The other ends of these ropes are connected to the top of the car 11 and extend upwardly over the suspended sheave 29 and thence downwardly along one side of thecar and around the guide sheaves and 15 mounted on the bottom of the car. Thence the ropes pass downwardly to the driving sheave 14 which is connected to the electric motor M. In this instance the equalizing or take-up sheave 29 and the guide- sheaves 15 and 15 move up and down with the car. In this illustration of the invention the downward strain on the car applied to the terminal ends of the suspension and driving ropes 40, will, through the medium of the loose sheave 29, apply double tension to the upper sections of said ropes and single tension to the lower sections so as to increase or decrease the said tensions on the ropes corresponding with the load on the car. If desired, the takeup device 29 may be replaced by a simple straight lever 29 pivoted to the top of the car at 50, as illustrated in Fig. 3 The operation will then be substantially the same except that the tensions in the leads may be varied with respect to each other by varying the point of connection of the rope with the lever 29*.

Fig. 4 is similar to Fig. 3 but shows the invention applied to the well known difierential speed drum elevator mechanism. 12 designates the main hoisting rope connected between the loose sheave 34 and the loose sheave or take up device 29*, and passing over the sheave 13 having a fixed pivot. The loose sheave 29 is, therefore, suspended from the upper section of the rope 12. 12?

1s a separate rope section passing over the loose sheave 2 9 and connecting the car with the loose sheave 35. 14 and 14 designate differentially rotated driving drums, and 40 the endless rope driven thereby and carried over the loose sheaves 34 and 35, hung from the right-hand extremities, as viewed in Fi 4, of the ropes 12 and 12 respectively. In this illustration likewise, the strain applied to the rope 12 by the weight of the car and its load through the medium of the take-up sheave 29 will counteract or take up the slack and automatically graduate the tension on the opposite leads of the ropes to correspond with the load, as *before explained.

The same effect described with reference to Fig. 3 may be produced wit-h the arrangement of ropes shown in Fig. 5, in which the bottom sections of the ropes are carried around the guide sheaves 15, 15, 15, 15, and thence over the loose sheave or take-up device 29, and attached to the top of the car. This produces a double takeup effeet by extending the ropes around the sheaves 15 and 29.

Substantially the same effect as produced by the arrangement illustrated in Fig; 5 may beobtained by the arrangement shown inFigfl. Here the driving rope 40 extends upwardly from the driving sheave, as in Fig. 3, and thence around the guide sheave 15 on the bottom of the car, around the guide sheave 15 also on the bottom of the car, and thence around the take-up sheave 29 to the fixed point 5'. The other portion of the rope 40 extends upwardly around the sheave 13 having a fixed pivot, thence downwardly around'the guide sheaves 15 15 and 15 to the sheave 29 to which it is connected. It will, therefore, be seen that the sheave 29 has substantially the same effect as the sheave 29 in Fig. 3, the lever 29 in Fig. 3 the sheave 29 in Fig. 4, and the sheave 29 in Fig. 5. In fact the sheave 29 may be replaced by a lever if desired in the same manner that Fig. 3 is shown modified in Fig. 3*. I

In the modification shown in Fig. 6 the car ropes 40 are carried around the guide sheaves 15 and 15 and are connected at their ends to levers 29 fulcrumed at 30 on the bottom of the car. The connections of the car suspension ropes with the levers 29 are near the fulcrums thereof, and the meeting ends of said levers are connected to the lower section of the ropes extending up from the driving drums 14, 14. In Fig; 6 I have illustrated the motor shaft at 52 which is connected to a friction .device'engaging the peripheries of the disks or wheels 53 and 54, the latter being connected with the drums 1st, 1st, to cause the said drums T to rotate with said disks. lVith this rangement the right-hand lead of the driving rope extends downwardly under the lower drum i l, thence upwardly over the upper drum, downwardly under the lower drum i l again, and finally upwardly past the guiding sheave to the bottom of the car. The meeting ends of the levers 29 are also connected to the depending end of the rope 31 running over the fixed sheave 15 on the bottom of the car, and attached to the end of the rope counterbalance chain 32 which is suspended therefrom. This chain serves the double purpose of counterbalancing the weight of the lower parts of the ropes a0 exerted on the tension device from which they are suspended at the bottom of the car, as this lower part of the ropes is elongated as the car rises; and also in conjunction with said ropes, counterbalancing the weight of the suspension ropes above the car as this is elongated when the car descends. lln practice the weights of the ropes and chain are properly pr portioned to effect a substantially perfect rope counterbalance. in this illustration, (Fig 6), the weight of the car tending to lift the levers 29, will apply tension to th lower or opposite lead of the ropes s10, graduated according to the lever proportions, so that as in the other illustrations the tension on all the ropes extending on both sides of the driving drums is regulated by the load on the car; increased load producing greater tension, and less load less tension.

in the modification shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the lower ends of the suspension ropes 40, after passing around the guide sheave 15 on the bottom of the car, are carried around a second guide sheave 15 and coiled on a take-up sheave to which their ends are secured. integral with or fixed to the sheave 29 so as to turn therewith, is a smaller sheave 28 on which the upper parts of the rope 40 are coiled so that a strain applied to the said ropes by the load on the car tends to rotate the combined sheaves 29 2S, and thereby wind up the lower part or section of the ropes it) on the larger sheave 29 thus, as before, taking up the slack and applying tension to the lower or opposite lead of the ropes regulated by the load on the car. llerc also it is evident that the same result may be produced by replacing the horizontally disposed sheaves on the bottom of the car by levers of sufficient length to secure the desired. result.

lVhile each of the arrangements described possesses structural and operative advantages of its own, and some of the parts thereof are interchangeable, it will be evident that the dili'erent arrangements of the sheaves or levers of the tension device afford simple means for causing the weight of the car to graduate the tension to be applied to the ropes or cables on both sides of the driving drum or sheave, and consequently friction between the same. The single movable sheave 29, as in Fig. 7, produces the tension of two-to-onc. The levers 29 shown in Fi 6 and the two sheaves 28, 29 shown under the car in Fig. 8, which sheaves act virtually as continuous levers, admit of a finer graduation and can be used to obtain this effect, if found desirable, in the other structures.

Heretofore, in frictional driving elevator mechanism, the weight of the tension devices was fixed according to the maximum load the elevator was built to carry. Hence it will be clearly apparent that the weight of the tension device above that required by the various loads is detrimental causing loss 9f power and increased wear on the mechanism, and consequent reduction in the life of the same; whereas, my invention achieves the ideal result in frictional driving elevator machinery in causing the tension on the ropes on both sides of the'driving drums to increase or decrease automatically according to the load.

in the foregoing description I have referred to ropes or cables in the plural number, and have shown a plurality of ropes in Figs. 10 and 11, for the reason that in hoisting systems the hoisting ropes are used in gangs or in multiple for additional security; although a single rope may be used except where the ropes are bifurcated or separated to pass around opposite sides of the car. The invention may, of course, be used with one or any desirable number of ropes.

Obviously those skilled in the art may make various changes in the details and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, and l desire, therefore, not to be limited to the precise construction herein disclosed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to have protected by Letters latent of the United States is 1. In a frictional driving mechanism, the combination with frictional driving apparatus, of a load-carrying device, connecting means between said frictional driving apparatus and said load-carrying device, and a single device associated with said connecting means to effect a variation of tension in the latter when the load varies.

2. The combination of a frictional rope driving apparatus, flexible power-trans1nitting means driven thereby, a load-carrying device, and a single rotatable take-up device for changing the tension of the leads winding on and off the driving apparatus in proportion to changes of load.

3. in an elevator, the combination with necting said load-carrying device with the driving apparatus, and a single equalizing device having a limited degree of movement and being associated with said cables to tighten the leads extending from said driving apparatus when the load varies.

at. in an elevator, "he combination with frictional rope driving apparatus, of a loadcarrying device, power-transmitting means comprising flexible ropes or cables, and single tensioning device for tightening the leads on said rope driving apparatus upon changes of load.

5. In a frictional driving elevator, the combination with frictional driving apparatus, of a load-carrying devic,

load-carrying device, and a tilting lever singporting'the load-carrying device toeffect variable tension on the rope system.

12. The combination with a driving sheave, of a movable member, a rope or rcpes connecting the movable member and the driving sheave, and a leverage system operated by said member to effect the maintenance of frictional engagement between the rope or ropes the driving sheave.

l3. The combination with a driving sheave, of a rope or ropes in frictional enpower-transmitting means connecting the driving apparatus and the load-carrying de vice, and a member movable on a fixed pivot or bearing for regulating the tension in said flexible means to efiect a variation of tension in the latter in proportion to variations of load.

6. The combination with driving apparatus, of a load-carrying device, power-transmitting means connecting the driving appa- 3 rat-us and said loadca'rrying device, and a device mounted on a fixed bearing or pivot and associated with said power-transmltting means to change the tension in the latter when the load changes.

7. The combination with a driving she ve, of a loz 1dcarrying device, flexible connections between the sheave and the load-carrying device, and a movable member mounted 011 a fixed support and associated with said connections to cause the load to maintain suflicient tension in said connections.

8. The combination with driving apparatus, of a load-carrying device, power-transmitting means connecting the driving apparatus and said load-carrying device, and an oscillating device supporting the load to etiect tension in the power-transmitting means.

9. The combination with a driving drum or sheave, of a load-carrying device, powertransmitt-ing means connecting the drum and load-carrying device, and a single device having a limited degree of movement to cause the load to place said power-transmitting means under tension and to vary such tension upon variations of load.

10. The combination with a driving sheave, of a carrier, a rope system connecting the carrier and the driving sheave, and a tilting lever supporting the carrier and load to cause the rope system to be placed under tension.

driving sheave, of a load-carrying device, a rope system connecting the driving sheave and i gagement With said driving sheave, a load carrying device connected to said rope or ropes, and a tilting lever supporting the loadcarrying device to increase the tension on said rope or ropes in the leads winding on and off the driving sheave,

14. The combination with a driving sheave, of a load-carrying device, a rope or ropes in engagement with said sheave and connected to said load-carrying device, and a tilting lever supporting the load-carrying device to increase the tension on said rope or ropes on both leads extending from the driving sheave in proportion to the load.

15. The combination with a driving sheave, of an elevator car, a rope system associated with said driving sheave and connected to the car, and a tilting lever supporting the car to cause the same to place the rope system in tension.

16. The combination with a driving sheave, of an elevator car, a rope or ropes connecting thecar and the driving sheave, and leverage system actuated by the car to eitect the maintenance of frictional engagement between the rope or ropes and the driving sheave.

17. The combination with driving apparatus, of flexible power-transmitting means, an elevator car, and a tilting lever supporting the car to increase the tension in both the leads of the power-transmitting means running on and off the driving apparatus.

18. In a rope drive elevator, the combination with a car, of driving apparatus, a rope system associated with said driving apparatus, and a tilting lever supporting the car and associated with said rope system to control the frictional contact between the parts of the driving sheave and the rope system in engagement with each other.

19. In a frictional driving elevator, the combination with driving apparatus, of an elevator car, ropes connecting the driving apparatus and car, and a single movable member associated with said ropes to effect the application of tension in the latter in proportion to the load.

20..The combination with a frictional driving apparatus, of a load-carrying clevice, flexible powertransmitting means for connecting the load-carrying device to the driving apparatus, and a single movable member for effecting a variation in the tension of all the leads of said connecting means in direct proportion to variations of load.

2].. The combination with a frictional driving apparatus, of flexible power-transmitting means driven thereby, a load-carry ing device connected to said means, and a device having a tired earing or pivot and associated with said power-transn'iitting means to change the tension in the opposite leads winding respectively on and oil? the driving apparatus when the load changes.

22. The COD'llOlIlHtlOD of a frictional driving apparatus, flexible power-transniitting means driven thereby, a load-carrying device, and a single oscillating device associated with said powertransmitting means to effect a change in tension with a change of load in the leads winding respeztively on and off the driving apparatus.

23, The combination with a frictional driving apparatus. of a loadwarry vice. liexihle ro n s or cables connect load-:arr vin;, device to the driving ratus, and a member mounted on a nxed support and associated with said ropes or cables to effect a variation in tension in tlie leads of said ropes winding on and ell the driving apparatus, said tension being in a predetermined ratio to the weight of the load.

24. In an elevator, the combination with frictional driving apparatus, of a load-carrying device, flexible ropes or cables connecting said load-carrying device to the driving apparatus, and a pivoted device associated with said cables for automatically effecting a variation in the tension of the leads winding on and off the driving apparatus in a predetermined direct ratio to the variation of load.

25. The combination of a frictional driving apparatus, ropes driven thereby, a loadcarrying device connected to said ropes, and a give-and-take connection comprising a fixed bearing and associated with said ropes to effect an upward pull thereon to tighten the same on the driving apparatus when the load varies.

26. In a friction driving elevator mecha nism, the combination of a load-carrying device, frictional driving apparatus, flexible power-transmitting means looped around the driving apparatus and driven thereby, and a single device associated with said powertransinitting means to effect an upward pull thereon whereby the weight of the car and its load holds tight all the leads winding respectively on and off the driving apparatus, and the tension on said leads changes with the load.

27. Ina frictional driving elevator mechanism, the combination of a car, a frictional driving drum, a rope take-up device operated by the car and its load and located near one of the limits of travel of the car, and ropes connecting the car and driving drum and associated ith said take-up device.

28. In a friction driving elevator mechanism, the combination of a car, a frictional driving drum, power-transmitting ropes looped around the drum, and connected by their on-winding and otfuvinding leads to car-suspending means, and a rope take np device mounted near the upper limit of travel. of the car, associated with said powertransmitting ropes and co-acting with the car suspension means to permit variations of load to vary the tension in the leads extending from the driving drum.

Q9. ln a friction driving elevator mechanism, the combination of a car, a hoisting rope or ropes therefor, a driving device in frictional engagement with said ropes, and a rope take-up device comprising a lever actuated by the weight of the car and its load to apply tension to the leads of the ropes winding on and otl the driving apparatus, such tension changing with the load.

30. In a friction driving elevator mechanism, the combination of a car, a frictional driving drum, ropes driven by said drum, a weight associated with said ropes, a tension lever device connected to said ropes and operated by the car and weight, and suitable suspensory connections between said car and weight and said tension device.

31. lina frictional driving elevator mecha: nism, the combination with an elevator car, of a driving drum, driving ropes associated with said drum, a tension slack rope take-up device mounted at or near the upper end of the elevator well, and suspensory connections between the ropes and take-up device and the car, said take-up device operating to apply variable tension and pressure to the ropes and frictional driving mechanism, respectively, governed by the load on the car.

In a frictional driving elevator mecha nism, the combination with an elevator car, of a frictional driving drum, driving ropes in frictional engagement with said driving drum, and slack rope take-up means mounted at the upper end of-the elevator well and effecting the application of tension in the driving ropes on both sides of the driving drum automatically variable in unison with variations in the load on the car.

A driving sheave, an elevator car arranged to be moved thereby, a rope system connecting the car and the driving sheave, and a tilting lever arranged to support the elevator-car and to cause the weight of the car to make tension on the rope system.

34;. A driving sheave, an elevator-car, a rope or ropes connecting the car and the driving sheave, and a leverage system actuated by the effective weight of the car and arranged to "keep the-rope or ropes in frictional contact with the driving sheave;

35;;A driving sheave, a rope or ropes passing around and by two'sid'esof said'sheave, I a movable member connected-to said rope and'a tilting lever arranged to support the movable member and to increase the tension on said rope or ropes on both sides of the driving sheave. 3 w

36. A driving sheave, a rope or ropes pass;- ing around and by two sides of said sheave, a receptacle adapted to carry a loadconnected tosaid ropeor ropes, and a tilting lever arranged to-support the receptacle and to increase the tension on said rope or ropes 2 on both sides of the driving sheave in proportion-to the weight of'the receptacle and its load.

87. Thecombina'tion' with frictional driving apparatus, of a load carryingdevice, connecting means between the fr ctional driving apparatus and said load carrying de vice, and. a lever for regulating the tension of said connecting meansto effect a variation of tension throughout the latter in proportionto variations of load.

38. In frictional driving apparatus, the combination with a load carrying device, of driving apparatus, power transmission means, and a movable leveractuated by the load carrying device to hold said 3OW transmission means in tensio n throughout according tothe load. 7

39. In a frictional driving elevator, the combination with driving apparattisjTfT load carrying device, flexible driving means in frictional driving connection with said driving apparatus and extending therefrom in opposite leads, and a take up or tension lever connected to said leads and to the load carrying device to change the tension on said leads according to the load.

e0. In a frictional driving elevator, the combination with driving apparatus, of a load carrying device, flexible driving means in frictional driving connection with said driving apparatus and extending therefrom in opposite leads, and a take up or tenslon lever connected to said leads and to the load carrying device to change the tension on said leads according to the load.

$1. In a frictional driving elevator, the combination with frictional driving apparatus, of a load carrying device, flexible means for connecting the driving apparatus to said load carrying device, and a pivoted tension lever for regulating the tension of said flexible means to effect a variation of tension throughout the latter in proportion to variations of load.

42. In a frictional driving elevator, the combination with driving apparatus comprising a rope, of an elevator car, a flexible l connection between the driving apparatus o-ie and the car, and a pivoted tension lever connected to said rope and operated by varialeads winding respectively on and ed the driving apparatus. V I 413; The combination with frictional drive ing apparatus comprisingpower transmitting ropes, ofa load carrying device, and eans comprising" a pivoted tension lever eifecting a variation in the tensionx all 1 ids of the driving apparatus ina pre determined ratio tothe weight of the load;

The combination with a frictional dri ng apparatus, of a load carrying device, power transmission means, connecting means through which the said load carrying device places said power transmissionmeans in tension throughout according to the load, and a tension holding device, comprising a lever. y

45. The combination with a friction drive member, of, a load-carr ing device," power transmission. means, and a pivoted Jlever actuated by the load carrying device to hold said power transmission meansin tension throughout according to the load. I 7:

ith fhe combination with a friction "drive element, of a load'carryingdevice, flexible nected to said meansiand to said load-carry; ing device to effect changes in the tension i.n sa id flexible means throughout corresponding to variations in theload. f 47, The combination of frictional am g apparatus a load'carrying device, connec ing means between the frictional driving apparatus and the load-carrying device, and a pivoted member for regulating the tension of said connecting means to effect a variation of tension throughout the latter corresponding to variations of load, the pivot for said member being substantially stationary during the normal travel of the load-carrying device.

48. In frictional driving apparatus, the combination of a load carrying device, driving apparatus, power transmission means, and means having a substantially stationary location during the travel of the load carrying device and actuated by the latter to hold said power transmission means in tension throughout according to the load.

&9. A driving sheave, a frame arranged to be moved thereby, a rope system connecting the movable frame and the driving sheave, a receptacle adapted to carry a load associated with the movable frame and arranged to be moved thereby, and'a tilting lever arranged to support the receptacle and to cause the receptacle to make tension on the rope system.

50. A driving sheave, a frame arranged to be moved thereby, a rope system connecting the movable frame and the driving sheave, a receptacle adapted to carry a load assotio-ns of load to changethe tension ofallthe' power transmitting means, anda 'lev er co n:

ciated with the movable frame and arranged to be moved thereby, and a leverage system arranged to cause the Weight of the reccptacle and its load to make tension on the rope system. 1

A driving sheave, a frame arranged to be moved thereby, a Weight connected to the frame, a rope system connecting the movable frame and the driving sheave, a receptacle adapted to carry a load associated with the movable frame and arranged to be moved thereby, and a tilting lever arranged to support said receptacle and to cause the Weight of the receptacle and load to make tension on the rope system.

A driving sheave, a frame arranged to be moved thereby, a rope system connecting the movable frame and the driving sheave, a receptacle adapted to carry a variable load associated With the movable frame and arranged to be moved thereby, and a tilting lever arranged to support the receptacle and to cause the Weight of the receptacle and its variable load to produce a variable tension on the rope system.

A driving sheave, a rope or ropes passing around and by two sides of said sheave, a movable frame carried by said rope or ropes, a receptacle adapted to carry a load associated with said frame and arranged to be moved thereby, and a tilting lever arranged to support the receptacle to increase the tension on said rope or ropes on both sides of the driving sheave in proportion to the Weight of the receptacle and its load.

5 1. A driving sheave, a car arranged to be driven thereby, a rope system connecting the car and the driving sheave, said rope system being arranged to cause the car to be driven at a different rate of speed from that of the driving sheave, and a tilting lever arranged to support the load and to produce an equalized tension on the rope system.

A driving sheave, a driving rope associated therewith, a car adapted to carry a load arranged to be driven by said driving rope, a rope system connecting the load and the driving rope, said rope system being arranged to cause the rope to be driven at a different rate of speed from that of the driving rope, and leverage system arranged to cause the Weight of the car and its load to produce an equalized tension on all parts of the driving rope in proportion to the Weight of the car and its load.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

lviICl-TAEL E. NEENAN. Witnesses CHAS. M. NISSEN, Ennnsr L. GALE, Jr.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing: the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.

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