US89694A - Improvement in power-looms for weaving- carpets - Google Patents

Description

initrfi I ieire artt i HALCYON SKINNER, Oli" YONKERS, NEWYORK, ASSIGNOR T0 ALEX- ANDER SMlTH, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 89,694, dated May 4, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN POWER-LOOMS FOR WEAVING CARPETS, c,

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whoml it lma/y concern Be it known that I, HALGYON SKINNER, of Yonkers, in the county of ,Westchesten and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which-l Figure 1 is an elevationof the rightshand side of a loom, with my improvements attached; and

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the righthand side only, the method of mounting the jacquard being represented in section in both figures.

The sectional iigures will be referred to hereafter.

The same letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

My said invention relates to improvements in jac quard-looms, for lweaving two and three-ply carpets, and other figured fabrics, some of the said improvements having reference to the jacquard-mechanism, and others to the mechanism for shifting and operating the shuttles.

In the accompanying drawingsa represents a suitable frame, and l), the lay, which is operated by. cranks on the lay-shaft c, which receives motion from the driving-shaft d, (see iig. 1,) by a pinion, c, and cog-wheel f.

The motions of the jacquard are derived from the lay by a connecting-rod, g, extending from the 'upper end of one of the swords, h, of the lay, to an arm, i, on a rock-shaft, j, mounted in the frame, about midway between the upper part of the lay and the bottom of the jacquard.

And this rock-shaft has two other arms, lt k,to which are connected two connecting-rods, l l, that are in turn connected with the outer arms of two rockingframes, -m lm, both of which vrock on the same axis centrally, under the jacquard.

The frame n of the jacquard is fitted to slide vertically in the upper part of the frame u, and rests o n the two arms, o o, of each of the two rocking-frames, so that when the two arms, It h, of the rock-shaft j are drawn down, the jacquard-frame is lifted, and vice versc. And to the outer parts of the rocking-frames m m are connected the two sets of shifting-hooks, p p, formed to engage pins, q q, projecting from the ends of the two trapdioards, /r lr, and which are to be shifted in the usual way, to take eitherV of the two trap-boards, both of which are adapted to slide in the jacqnard-frame. From this it will be seen that, as the jacquard-frame is lifted up with one of the trap-boards, the other trapboard descends, and vice versa, the harness being there by balanced, or nearly so, And as the motion for operating thejacquard is taken from the lay with an intermediate rocking-shaft, having arms placed-at an angle relatively to each other and to the lay and jacquard, as represented, the shifting of the Warps and opening ofthe shed are effected in a very short space of time, and the shed remains full open for the passage of the shuttle for a longer space of time, than by any other mechanism before known, without the use of cams, thereby avoiding the wear and tear incident to the use of cams. v

The mechanism for shifting the shuttles is mounted at the sides of the loom, one set on each side, and in line with the shuttle-'race of the lay, when thrown back.

The shuttle-boxes s, (see fig. 3,) one on each side, are formed each with two parallel compartments, t and u, the one, t, in front being. for the reception of the shuttles belonging to, and which have to be returned to the opposite side, and the back one, u, to receive' and deliver the shuttles, when required to be changed.'

These shuttle-boxes are iitted to slide back and forth on and between a series of bars, or ways c, placed at right angles to the length of the boxes and the upper surfaces of these bars or ways constitute the bottom of the rear compartment, u, when in line with the shuttlerace of the lay, but they do not extend back far enough to form a bottom to this shuttle-box, when thrown back to deliver and receive a shuttle.

At yeach hack movement of the lay, these shuttle boxes are moved either forward or back, that either the front or vthe rear one may be in line with the shuttle-race when a shuttle is to be thrown. n

And this back and forward motion is controlled by a cam, w, on each end of a shaft, x, which receives motion from a pinion, y, (see fig. 4,) ou the lay-shaft c, that engages a cog-Wheel, z.

As represented inthe drawings, the said cams have four projections and depressions, and the cog-wheel z is to the pinion y as eight to one. l

Each shuttle-box is connected by two jointdinks, a1, with two arms, b, of a rock-shaft, c, and one of the said arms carries a roller, which is kept against the periphery'of the cam by the tension of a spring, d* (See iig. 2.)

On each side of the loom, and back of the shuttleboxes, there is a frame, c1, (see gs. l and 3,) ttedto slide on two parallel rods, or ways f, and each of these frames carries a series of horizontal parallel shuttleshelves, g, (see iig. 3,) the number in the series being equal to the greatest number of shuttles which may be required.

The rear face of this frame is provided with a rack, h, which engages the threads of a worm, t1, on a shaft, j, by the turning of which the shuttle-sheives are depressed or elevated, as required for the shifting of the shuttles. But before proceeding to the description of the mechanismfor elevating and depressing the shuttle-frames, it is important to state that the position of the shuttle-shelf, relatively to the shuttle-boxes, is such that at all times when the rear shuttle-box u is thrown back, one of the shuttle-shelves forms the bottom of that shuttle-box, and the shuttle-shelf frame is elevated or depressed while the slnittlebox is in its position, so as to lift one shuttle out of the box, and draw up another into it, or 'vice versa.

-for this purpose, the chain is provided with projecting pins, o1, placed at al distance apart suicient to turn the worm-shaft at any one operation to the extent required to elevate or depress the shuttle-shelf frame a distance equal to the space between the top of one shelf and the top of the next.

The chain is operated by either one of two dogs p, (see iig. 5,) one on each side of the chain, which dogs are hinged by their rear ends to a cross-head, ql, orxl the end of a rod, c, that slides'horizontally in suitable holes in brackets s1. (See figs. 2 and 5.)

At each beat of the lay, this rod -is reciprocated by a crank-pin on one end of the layshaft, from which a connecting-rod, t1, extends to one arm of a bell-crank, fu, from the other arm of which another connecting-rod extends to, and is connected with the rod r;

The two dogs are held out by springs crshown'by red lines inv'ig. 5, so as to clear the pins on the chain, and one or the other is caused to engage the chain, to move the shuttle-shelf frame up or down, by means of two arms, w, of a rock-shaft, xl.

If-the rock-shaft is turned in one direction, one of the arms, fw, will push the'corresponding dog toward the chain, to engage'one of the pins, o and if turned in the opposite direction, the other arm will make the other dog engage a pin on the chain, and when turned half way, both'dogs will clear the chain.

The periods for shifting the shuttles are determined by the jacquard by meansof a cord, y, both ends of which are attached to the jacquard-frame. The two parts pass through separate holes in one of the trapboards, thence through guideholes in a bracket, z, and around `a guide, a2, (see hg. 2,) below; and one part of this double cord is attached to an arm, b2, of the rock-shaft, 'so that if one side of this double cord is trapped by the jacquard, the shaft will be turned in one direction, tocause one of tb'edogs to engage the chain; and when the other part of the cord is trapped, Athe other dog will be caused to engage the chain; and when neither part of the cord is trapped, as the jacquard is lifted, both sides of the cord are drawn up, to turn and hold the rock-shaft, so that its arms will per- 4mit both dogs to clear the chain.

The mechanism, as above described, is duplicated, one set on each side of the loom, but the hooks on the dogs are reversed. Y

The two picker-staves, c, for driving theI shuttles, are operated by a single picker-lever, d2, (see g. 1,) which is depressed by a cam, e2, (see iig. 1,) at one end of the lay-shaft c, the said lever being held up tothe cam by a spring. i

Two or more shuttles have to be driven successively from one side of the loom, and then two or more from the other.` v

The mechanism inthe accompanying drawings is arranged for two; but for weaving three-ply carpets, and fabrics of that class, from three to four are required to be thrown successively from each side.

The picker-staves are connected each by a strap, f2, passing over a roller, g2, and attached to one of two picker-rods, he, which slide in a bracket attached to the frame, and near the lower end, they slide also in holes made iu a plate, i2, attached to a horizontally-sliding rod, j 2. (See iigs. 1,2, and 6.)

The lower ends of the said picker-rods are formed each with. a projecting spur", cr lip, lai, so that when the picker-lever ci is depressed, it will act uponthe lip, or spur, 7a2, of one ofthe said rods, to operate one of the piclrer-s'taves, c2, and the said picker-rods, h2, are that one or the otherof them will be placed in line with the picker-lever by the sliding of the horizontal rod jz and the shifting of this rod is eiected by a face-cam, l2, (see figs. 4 and 7,) on one end of the shaft x. f'

The said caml acts on one end of a lever, m2, the other end of which is linked to the rod j 2, at n2, and the said lever is held to the face of the cam by the tension of a spring.

As before stated, the shaft :1J-makes one revolution to eight of the lay-shaft; and the cam F is so formed, that during onequarter of the revolution, the-horizontal rod 72 will be held at one end of its range of motion, that two shuttles may be driven in succession from one side of the loom, and then shifted to the other side, and there held during the next quarter of the revolution, that two shuttles may be driven from the opposite side of the loom, and so on. From this it will be seen, that by changing the cam or the gearing, Ythe rod can be shifted, and held so as to vary the order and succession of the throw of the shuttles to any eX- tent required.

The momentum ofthe shuttles in boxing is checked by the resistance due to the tension of a spring, oz, (see fig. 2,) one on each side, appliedabove the shuttle-bor', so as to bear on the top of the shuttle. But it is desirable to relieve the shuttle from this pressure at the time of driving, and for that purpose the said springs o2 form each the part or elongation of a lever, p2, that turns on a fulcrum-pin, q2, (see iig. 2 and the outer end of theisaid lever is lifted and held up or liberated by one arm of a short lever,- lr2. There is one such mechanism on each side of the loom,

When the shuttles are to be thrown from one side, they are to he freed from the tension of the spring, and the spring on the other side should be in place to arrest the shuttles when boxing, and 'vice versa.

To accomplish this, the horizontal rod jz, be'fore described, is extended entirely through the whole width ofthe loom, and is provided' at each end with a cam, s2, (see figs. l and 2,)to act on the levers r2, that force down or liberate the check-springs oz and 'these two cams-are at such 'distance apart on the'rod j 2, that' when one is in position to act on its correspondingv lever, /r,.the other will clear its lever r2, and vice versa, and these are brought into the required positions by the sliding' of the rod, to bring the one or the other ofthe picker-rods h2 in line with the picker-lever d2, but on the reverse side. And the .said cams s2, or rather the one or the other of them, is caused to act on its lever r, to depress the spring, by the turning of the rod,

which is e'ected by a rod, t2, (see figs. 2 and 6,)on thel back of `the lay, which, as the lay reaches the end o f its backmotion, strikes au arm, u, (see figs. 1 and 6,) on the rod j 2, and this turns the cams, so that the lone which happens to be in position will operate the corresponding lever, to depress the spring, to check'the shuttle in boxing.

l have above described, and represented in the drawings, the-mode of application of my said invention which I have tried with success. I do not wish, however, to he understood as limiting my claims of inventionv to such mode of application, as that may be varied by the substitution of equivalent means, without changing the mode of operation, as for instance, instead 'of communicating motion to the rock-shaft with its two sets of arms interposed between the jacquard and the lay, the first motion may be taken from a crank ,ou the layshaft, instead'oi from the lay, as it will be obvious that substantially the same motion can be given to the rockshaftfrom the one as from the other, my invention consistingv in the interposition of the rock-shaft with its two sets of arms placed at an angle, by means of which 1 am enabled to completely open the shed, as the lay moves back, in less time, and to keep it open during a longer time than by any other arrangement.

And so with the number' of shuttle-boxes. I have described and represented but two on each side; but it will be obvious, that, instead of' being made with two, they can be made with three vor four, as may be required for the kind of fabric desired to be produced, making corresponding changes in the other parts ofA the loom,- as indicated.

I do not wish to be understood as claiming the horizontally-sliding shuttle-boxes, or the vertically-sliding shuttle-shelves, or their combination. v

What I claim as my invention, and desire to Jsecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The arrangement for communicating motion to the jacquard from the lay, or equiyalent part of the loom, by the interposition of a rocking-shaft with two sets of arms, at an angle with each other, substantially as and for the purpose described. 1

2. The mechanism, substantially as described, for operating alternately the two picker-staves, or either of them. two or more times successively, for the purpose set forth.

3. The mechanism for relieving the shuttles from the pressure of the check-springs, when they are to be thrown, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The mechanism by which the shuttle-shelves are shifted, which mechanism consists of ra cogged rack, engaged by a worm on a shaft, turned by a chain, which is actuated by either of two reciprocating hooks, thrown in or out of action by the jacquard, as and for the purpose described.

5. The mechanism, substantially as described, for elevating and depressing the shuttle-shelves.

HALOYON SKINNER.

'Witnesses:

WM. H. BISHOP, Oms. M. DE LACY.

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