US617022A - irgens - Google Patents

Description

No. 60,022. Patented Jan. 3, I899. P. IRGENS & G. M. BRUN.

MEANS FOR CONVERTING HEAT INTO MOTORIC FORCE.

(Application filed Dec. 14, 1897.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheetl.

Fig. 1.

No. 617,022. Patented Ian. 3, I899.

P. mews & a. :w. 8mm. MEANS FDR GUNVEBTING HEAT INTO MBTORIG FORGE.

(Application filed Dec. 14, 1897.) (No Model.) 3 Shams-sheet 3.

PAUL IRGENS AND GERDT MEYER BRUN, OF BERGEN, NORWVAY MEANS FOR CONVERTING HEAT INTO MQTORIC FORCE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 617,022, dated January 3, 1899.

Application filed December 14, 1897- Serial No. 661,828. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, PAUL IRGENs and GERDT MEYER BRUN, subjects of the King of Sweden and Norway, residing at Bergen, Norway, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Converting Heat into Motoric Force; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact desoription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Our invention relates to that class of motors which are usually called turbines, and it involves means for utilizing a gas or evaporated liquid fuel as motoric medium in a turbine. More especially our invention relates to a turbine in which a hydrocarbon oil, such as petroleum, is evaporated through the heat created by the burning flames of the evaporated petroleum, these flames being maintained within the stationary channels or nozzles of said turbine by means of a strong draft of air forced through the said stationary channels, so that air and gases of combustion are together conducted to the moving vanes of the turbine.

Ourinvention consists also in details of construction which are considered especially useful for this kind of motor; but our invention is not limited to any special form or construction of the turbine Wheel or to the said preferable details.

In annexed drawings is shown one form of construction of our improved motor, the same being intended for petroleum or other liquid fuel.

Figure 1 shows an elevation of the motor. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section through the motor-wheels on an enlarged scale. Fig. 4 shows an elevation of the vaporizer, and Fig. 3 an elevation of the working wheel proper.

1 is the frame of the motor, and 2 a casing composed of several castings bolted together and inclosing the turbine wheels. The casing 2 may be extended at 3 to form a chimney for the gases of combustion.

4. are radial arms belonging to the frame and serving as bearing or support for the motor, there being fitted a screw-bushing in the center 5, uniting the said arms, which bushing forms a journal for the motor-shaft 20, and on the same is also fitted the lower end of the vaporizer 7, so that this same will be carried thereby. The vaporizer 7 contains the channels 8 (of which there are shown five) for leading the gases of combustion to the vanes of the turbine wheel, the burners 9, and channels for leading the liquid fuel to the burners. The fuel is fed through a pipe 10 to the annular channel 11, leading up through the vaporizer. At the top of the latter the channel follows its upper surfaces and then branches ofi downward, having one branch 12 between each of the nozzles or channels 8.- At 13 these branches are united by an annular channel, into which latter the burners 9 are extended. The object of carrying the fuel-channels around the vaporizer is that the fuel shall be heated, so as to be vaporized. The burners 9 may be of any suitable construction and are shown merely consisting of a perforated screw-plug. They are situated in small niches 14, (see Fig. 4,) from the top of which the nozzles or channels 8 extend. The latter are curved, so as to lead the gases of combustion to the turbine wheel under a certain angle.

The turbine wheel, which is mounted on top of the motor-shaft 20, consists of the wheel proper, 21, on the circumference of which are the blades or vanes 22, which form between them the working passage, and of an auxiliary wheel 23, the object of which is to force air to the burners 9.

The auxiliary Wheel or compression-wheel consists of a casing or shell23, the upper end of which is screwed or otherwise secured to the working vanes 22 and the lower end of which is flared out, so as to leave a space 15 between itself and the vaporizer 7 carrying at the bottom a set of vanes 24, which may be cast in one piece with a ring 25, which passes loosely around the vaporizer.

The motor-shaft rests at its lower end in a suitable bearing 26 and is shown provided with a worm 27 for transmitting motion to the worm wheel 28 from the shaft 29, of which the power may be taken to the various purposes.

30 is a cup or plate screwed or otherwise hired to the vaporizer, and 31 is a plug in the casing of the machine.

32 is a pipe for lubricating purposes.

16 are thin flexible needles extending up through the burners and connected at the lower end with one end of alever 17, the other end of which may be provided with a handle, or, as shown in Fig. 3, it may be extended into a curved slot 18 in a ring 19, mounted on the outside of the frame or casing of the ma chine. By turning this ring to and fro the needles will be imparted an up-and-down motion, thereby cleaning out the burners.

WVhen the motor is to be started, the plug 31 is taken out and some spiritus filled in the cup 30 and ignited. Through the heat thereby developed the oil in the vaporizer-channels will become hot and be evaporated and the gas, which passes out through the burners, will take fire. The stream of air and gases of combustion will exert a pressure on the vanes of the motor-wheel and the latter come into rotation. The compression wheel or vanes 22, which are moved, together with the motor-Wheel, will force a strong draft of air up toward the burners, so that a complete combustion is secured. A large amount of the heat thereby produced will be taken up by this air and transformed into mechanical power by the increased pressure and velocity of the air. On account of the large volume of air which is in this way mingled with the gases of combustion the temperature of the body of the motor is kept comparatively low, and the loss of energy due to radiation or conduction will be but little.

In order to cool the moving parts, there is provided an air-space between the rotating wheel and the casing of the machine, through which space a stream of cold air will pass continually. We may also arrange this passage in such way that this air is drawn in the wheel instead of the air from below in order to utilize the heat taken up by the said air.

The oil is fed to the vaporizer under considerable pressure, and the motor may be regulated simply by means of a throttle-valve in the oil-pipe connected with a centrifugal regulator.

The motor may be run with gas without any material changes in the construction.

As will be understood, we do not limit ourselves to the special form of the motor shown in the drawings for the sake of illustrating the principle of our invention. lVe have shown a single row of working vanes constituting the motor-wheel, but the latter may be composed of several rows of such vanes with interposed stationary channels in order to obtain a turbine on the compound principle. To have shown turbine wheels of the axial type; but the motor may also be constructed on the radial scheme, or one of the wheels may be of the radial and one of the axial What we claim is- 1. In a motor the combination with the movable vanes of a turbine wheel and one or more stationary channels for conducting gases of combustion to the same of a gas-burner situ= ated within the said channel, means for feeding gas under pressure to the said burner and means for forcing a draft of air through the said channel.

2. In a rotary motor the combination with the movable vanes of a turbine wheel, one or more stationary channels for conducting gases of combustion to the same and a gas: burner situated Within the said channels, of passages or spaces placed in the neighbor hood of said channels and means for feeding a liquid fuel through these passages whereby the liquid fuel is evaporated, and passages connecting the vaporizing-passages with the gas-burners.

3. In a motor, the combination with a turbine wheel, of a vaporizer provided with chan nels leading to the wheel-vanes, burners at the inlet of said channels, communicating with and supplying heat to said vaporizer, an air-forcing device operated by the turbine wheel to force air to the burners, and means for feeding a liquid fuel to the vaporizer, for the purpose set forth.

4. In a motor, the combination with a turbine wheel, of a vaporizer provided with spirally-disposed channels leading to the wheelvanes, burners at the inlet of said channels communicating with and supplying heat to said vaporizer, means for supplying air to the burners, and feeding appliances for feeding the liquid fuel to the vaporizer, for the purpose set forth.

5. In a motor, the combination with a turbine wheel, a vaporizer provided with channels leading to the wheel-vanes, burners at the inlet of said channels communicating with and supplying heat to said vaporizer, means for supplying air to the burners, and feeding devices for feeding a liquid fuel to the vaporizer, of means for heating the vap orizer to vaporize the fuel in starting the mo tor, substantially as set forth.

6. In a motor such a described, the combi* nation with an open-ended inclosing casing having a contracted outlet and a revoluble shaft arranged axially within said casing, of a vaporizer of less diameter than the casing surrounding said shaft and provided with channels, a turbine wheel likewise of less diameter than the casing, secured to said shaft above and with its vanes in the outlet of the channels of the vaporizer, the latter provided with burners located at the inlet of said channels, an inclosing shell revoluble with the turbine wheel and inclosing the vaporizer to form an annular space between the two, said shell provided with vanes on its inner periphery below the burners, a fixed bearing on which said vanes revolve, and means for supplying a liquid fuel to the vaporizer, for the purpose set forth.

7. A turbine for combustion-gases consisting substantially of a movable turbine wheel,

a stationary turbine wheel, in the passages of which are placed burners, a vaporizer for liquid fuel contained within the stationary wheel, and a compression turbine wheel, connected with the motor-wheel and placed at the inlet end of the stationary wheel serving to force compressed air through the passages of the same;

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands in presence of two witnesses.

PAUL IRGENS. GERDT MEYER BRUN;

Witnesses i BAsMUs AUBRAK, G. OTTESIN;

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