US499700A - Elevator - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet l.

N. BEGKWITIH. I

ELEVATOR- No. 499,700; Patented June 20,1893.

FIEJ- (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

N. BEGKWITH. ELEVATOR. No. 499,700. Patented June 20, 1 893.

I I w! w 7J- k3 VVITNEESES 19 INVENTUR fi ya g I mama. 5 Sheets-Sheet a.

k N. BEGKWITH.

ELEVATOR No. 499,700 Patented June 20, 1893.

R U T N E MM W 0., WASHINGTON u c 5 Shawl-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

N. BEOKWITH.

ELEVATOR.

Patented June 204, 1893.

(No Model.) 9 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

N. BBGKWITH.

ELEVATOR.

INVENTEIR- Patented June 20, 1893.

WITNEEEEE UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NELSON BECKWITH, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

ELEVATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 499,700, dated June 20, 1893,

Application filed February '7, 1888- Serial No. 263,203- (N'o model.)

T at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, NELSON BEOKWITH, of Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Elevators, which will, in connection with the accompanying drawings, be hereinafter fully described, and specifically defined in the appended claims.

In said drawings, Figure 1, is a sectional elevation; the section being vertical and taken as on line Z, Z, Fig. '2; and the View as from the bottom of the sheet in said Fig. 2; or as if standing in the elevator and looking toward the doors in the wall of the elevator well. Fig. 2,is a sectional plan view: the section being horizontal and taken as on line Y, Y, Fig. 1, and the view being downward as from above that line. Fig. 3 is also a sectional plan view; the section being taken horizontal and on line X, X, Figs. 1 and 5,and the view being upward from below that line; but with the elevator in the position shown in Fig. 5. Fig. at is a detached sectional elevation, the section being vertical and taken on line W', Fig. 2, and the view as from the left in that figure. Fig. 5 is also a detached sectional elevation; the section being vertical and taken on line V, Fig. 2, and the View as from the left in that figure. Fig. 6, is a view like Fig. 1, but showing a modification. Fig. 7, is a sectional plan view; the section being horizontal, and taken on line S, S Fig. 6, and the view as from above that line. Fig. 8, is a detached sectional elevation; the section being vertical and taken as on line B, Fig. '7, and the view, as from the left in that figure. Fig. 9, is a detached transverse vertical section taken through the doors and catches 13, 14, secured thereto as shown in Fig. 1; the view being as from the left in said Fig. 1.

My invention has more particular relation to that class of elevators which are intended to automatically open and close,in proper time-the gates or doors by which access to and egress from the elevator well is had; and it consists in features of novelty hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

Referring again to the drawings, A represents thewall of the elevator well.

B, B, are guide-ways for the elevator arranged in the angles of the well; and C, is the carriage or cage, as it is indifferently termed; this latter being shown as formed with bottom a, standards 12, secured to a, at its respective corners, and at the top to the diagonal cross beams c; which latter are interlocked with guideways B, as shown in Fig. 2. A lower door or door leaf is shown at D, and an upper door or leaf at E; the two being of such relative widths and height as to close, when properly arranged,one above the other,the door-way F, in wall A.

Said elevator'well, the cage and doors, are not in and of themselves a part of my invention; as the well and cage may be of any proper construction; and two doors adapted to be arranged one above the other to close the same doorway, are shown in United States Patent No. 372,107, issued to me October 25, 1887. The elevator proper, or cage, shown at C; having the usual bottom a, standards b, and cross bars 0, is of well known construction and arrangement. Said cage is raised and lowered by means of a rope duly attached to a ring bolt cl, at the intersection of cross beams c, in the usual manner, and as shown in my said former patentor by any of the numerous well known means by which elevator cages are raised and lowered.

For the purpose of automatically opening doors D, E, by the movement of the cage when it approaches the doors either in its ascent or descent; and closing the doors whenthe cage has passed them: I haveinvented the following described means. Lower door D, is connected with its counterweight j, by cord 2', which is carried up over sheaves 70, as shown; said weight being interlocked with a guide 19, secured to wall A, as shown in Fig. 3; and is of such weight relatively to the door as to slightly overbalance the same; so that the door would not of its own weight move from any position in which it might be placed. Door E, has attached to it by cord e,passing up over sheaves k,a counterweight h, moving in guideway g; said weight being inferior to the weight of the door, in order that the latter when released, as will be described, shall move downward, the intended limit, by its own superior weight; but so slowly as to avoid shocks. Said cord e, is attached to door E by means of angle ironf, that projects into the path of door D, so that when the latter rises it will when its upper edge arrives at anglef take door E, along with it in its further upward movement. The lower part of door D, is connected with weight j, by cord or chain Z which passes under sheave m, in order that if by any act of carelessness, a box, barrel or other body he left in the path of the door, so as to prevent its closing down, as the weight is being raised; then said cord Z will prevent the weight from rising, and the device that carries the weight up, will be automatically disengaged therefrom, as will be explained; thus preventing the slackening of cord 1', and the deadfall of the weight, when normally released, (as will be explained) to the certain injury and derangement of parts. Upon door D, is secured the catch n, the seat 19 in which is formed with oblique upper and lower lines, as shown in Fig. 1, in order that the catch bar or detent q, Figs. 1, 2, 4;, which is pivoted at 15, and moves laterally in bearing 16, on the cage and engages in said seat, can automatically move out of said seat when from any unforseen cause sufficient upward or downward pressure is exerted upon it as when the door does not move freely as intended. Said detent or catch bar q, is habitually forced toward catch n, by arm spring to secured to cross bars 0, Fig. 2; and it is forced out of seat p, by push bar 15, Figs. 1, 2, 4, which is actuated by cam 8, Figs. 1, 2. Upon weight j, is formed or secured a catch u-Figs. 1, 3, 5, 6; in this catch is a seat to, like that shown at p, in catch n, the faces of both said catches v and 42, above and below the seat being formed inclined or cam like as stated and shown. A sliding catch bar or detent 00, Fig. 3, secured beneath the bottom of the cage to slide lineally in guides or cleats 17, is habitually forced into contact with saidcatch '0 on weight j by the action of arm-spring y.

In operation; supposing cage 0 to be in the position shown in Fig. 10rin any lower position and it is moved upward by its hoisting rope: push bar 25, will pass cam s, sufficiently to allow catch bar q to engage in the seat in catch 07., so that the cage will take door D, along with it; and when the upper edge ofdoor D, reaches angle f, on door E, that door will be taken along also; which movement will continue until the doors are raised to fully open doorway F, at which point bar t, will have arrived at cam 2, Fig. 1, on wall A, which said cam will by its action on bar If, disengage bar g, from catch 11., which Will occur before the floor of the cage arrives at the level of the floor of the story, with which the cage doorway is then to communicate. If the cage be stopped at such floor, the doors remain open by the conjoint effect of weights h and j. But had the cage continued its upward course, or should it be afterward started .upward from the position just described, the doors will remain open till the catch bar 50, on the bottom of the cage, arrives at seat to, in catch '1), on weight j, when it would engage the same, by the action of spring y,Fig. 3-and would carry weightj upward thus relieving door D, of its counter weight and allowing it to correspondingly move downward; the upper door, by reason of its weight h being lighter than itself, following door D, the allotted distance. When weight j, is thus moved upward by bar 00, the bar will be disengaged from catch 0;, at the proper point by cam 2 on wall A, (Fig. 1.) When the elevator descends: the doors will be opened in due order, by reason of bar w, engaging in seat to, in catch 11 on weight j, and thereby carrying it downward, and the doors upward through cord 2, which suspends weight j; the bar being retracted from the catch o,-at the moment the doors are fully open,by engaging cam 3 (Fig. 1) which like cam 2, is fixed in the well in proper position. Said catch 11, and cams 2 and 3, are so formed and positioned, that lever a; will always, when the cage moves upward,-be disengaged from seat w, before its upper shoulder is at the apex of cam 2, and when the cage descends, said bar will be disengaged from said seatbefore its lower shoulder reaches the apex of cam 3 so that when the bar rises it will engage catch '0 to carry it up to allow the doors to close, and when it descends it will engage the catch to carry it down in order thereby to open the doors.

The object of cord Z,-connected with door D, and weight j, as shown, is as before referred to, to prevent injury, in case, from carelessness of operatives, or other cause, a barrel or box or other object be left in doorway F, so near the well as to prevent door D, from closing down, as the elevator passed beyond the door upward: as then weightj would be carried upward slackening cord t', till released by cam 2, when itwould fall a distance equal to the slack of the cord 2', breaking the same or injuring other parts. But with the described slightly oblique end shoulders of the seats in the cams, and the resistance of cord Z, to the upward movement of the weight, the detent 00, would be forced out of the seat without injury and without raising the weight. It should be further stated that when the cage descends below a doorway, bar q, will engage in catch n, thus closing the doors; the cam s, releasing the bar from the catch, at the proper point. I

If preferred, instead of arranging catch 01., at the center of door D, an equivalent catch 5, can be connected with the door by an arm 6,Fig. 6and a catch-bar '7,Figs. 6, 7 and 8,provided with an actuating spring 8, may be arranged to engage said catch; cams 9 and 10 being arranged to disengage said bar from the catch, the same as cams s, z, disengage bar (1, from catch n. But such arrangement of catch 6, its engaging bar 7, and cams 9, 10, is but an obvious equivalent of the corresponding parts shown in Figs. 1 to 5. And in such case, instead of attaching cord 11 to the center of the door it may be carried from weight j up over the sheave above said weight, and then directly down to catch 5, to which it would be attached for operating the door, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 6.

At one edge of door D, I secure the short, rigid arms or hangers 4, in which are pivoted the concave-faced sheaves 11, arranged to revolve between and upon the guiding supports 12, the opposite edge of the door being arranged to move freely in a groove or guide-way, as shown in Figs. 2, and 7. By thus mounting the door upon said sheaves arranged at one side, and between rigid guides, it is impossible to cramp the door either by upward or downward pressure, whether such force is applied at its horizontal center of gravity, as in Fig. l, or at one side next the sheaves, as described, and indicated in Fig. 6, or at the side opposite said sheaves, as it will, in either of said cases, travel freely up or down without pinching, binding, or cramping, as will result when the door simply moves in guide-ways or grooves, either with or without rollers, as such rollers only act by a thrust motion away from the guideway, while one of my sheaves acts by a thrust movement, and the other by a pull. It will also be obvious that with sufficient height of rooms, instead of constructing the door with an upper and lower section D, E, as shown, the door D, might be made of the height of both, with counterweight j of proper size; when the described actuating devices would perform the same function as when both sections of the door are employed. Door Emay be dispensed with, in which case door D would constitute a guard. In said Fig. 9, are shown the cam faced catches 13, 14, respectively secured to doors D. E. the utility whereof consists in the fact that should door E, from any cause, fail to descend, by its own weight, when released by door D, then the engagement of catch 14, with 13, would force door E, downward in due order. Said catches are formed cam faced in order that if a person upon the floor of the apartment, should desire to move door E, upward, it may be done by slightly springing it inward so that said catches were disengaged; and if door E, was so left, then when door D, moved upward its catch would pass catch 13 without raising door E, and thus the catches would resume their normal positions.

I do not confine myself to the specific devices shown, by which to open and close the door, as various changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention, the essential feature whereof consists in a door and its weight that so nearly counterbalance each other, that neither will move downward till the other is raised, said door and weight being united by a suitable cord, rope, or chain supported by asheave,or pulley, or pulleys, arranged above. the door and weight; suitable catches being arranged upon the door and weight, and a catch-bar, or

equivalent, being arranged upon the cage at or near its top, to engage the catch upon the door and raise it as the cage rises, and to close the door by the same means when the cage descends; also a catch-bar, or equivalent, arranged upon the cage at or near its bottom, to engage the catch on the weight and carry it up when the cage rises above the floor, thereby allowing the door to move down and close the door-way; 'said catch-bar also engaging the catch on the weight, and forcing the latter downward as the cage descends, thereby raising the door. Thus, by these means, when the door is raised by the ascent of the cage the weight descends coincidently, by its own gravity, without shock; and when the weight is forced upward by the cage, the door descends coincidently, by its own gravity, without shock; and when the weight is forced downward, by the descent of the cage, the door is coincidently forced upward by the cord; and when the door is forced downward by the cage, the weight is coincidently forced upward by the cord, cams being arranged to detach said catch-bars from the catches on the cage and weight at the proper point.

Iclaim as my invention- 1. In an elevator, the combination of carriage 0, door D, with weight j, to counterpoise it, and attached to the door by cord '5, supported above the door; catch it, its detent q, and catch 1;, with its detent as, with springs to actuate said detents; and cams operating to detach the same, whereby said door is automatically opened and then released by the rising of said carriage, and is closed by the farther rising of the carriage and the lifting of weight j,- and as the carriage descends the door is opened by the forcing down of the weight, and is next closed by the engagement therewith of the carriage; all substantially as specified.

2. In an elevator, the combination of carriage 0, door D, its counter-weighty, and supporting cord '0'; detent q, cams s, z, catch it, catch 1), detent 0c, and cams 2, 3, with means substantially as specified to operate said detents.

3. The combination of cage 0, doors D, E, arm f, secured to the upper door and extended into the path of the lower door, a catch secured upon the lower door, and a detent arranged upon the cage to automatically engage said catch, whereby both doors are raised by the engagement of said detent with the catch upon the lower door when the cage rises.

4. The combination of cage 0, doors D, E, counter-weights h, j, with their sustaining cords e, '6', respectively connecting the weights with their doors; catch 01, secured to thelower door, arm f, secured to the upper door; catch 2;, on weightj, detents (1, ac, with their actuating springs and releasing cams.

5. The combination with door E, partially counter-balanced, and door D, arranged to positively raise door E, of the cam-faced catches 13, 14, respectively secured to said guide-Ways 12, arranged upon opposite sides doors, and arranged to operate substantially of said sheaves to furnish a track therefor, 120

as specified. substantially as specified.

6. The combination with an elevator door, r 5 its counter-weight therewith connected, the NELSON BEOKWIIH' cage, its detent, and a catch arranged to be Witnesses: engaged by said detent, of sheaves 11, piv- T. W. PORTER,

oted upon said door at one side thereof, and EUGENE HUMPHREY.

Images