US476246A - Breech-loading magazwe-gun - Google Patents

Description

:Nc Model.) A BURGESS 2 Sheets--'slaeet 1.

BREEGH'LOADING MAGAZINE GUN.

Patented June "5 1892.

m m N u S t e m mm 04 3 S E G R U B A (No Model.)

BEEBGH T-OADING MAGAZINE GUN.

No. 476,246. Patented June- 7, 1 92 UNITE STATES ATENT Fries.

BREECH-LOADING MAGAZiN E-GUN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 476,246, dated June 7, 1892.

Application filed January 7,1887. Serial No. 223.693. (No model.) v

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW BURGESS, a citizen of. the United States, residing at Owego, iu the county of Tioga and State of New York,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magazine-Firearms; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it ap- IO pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to breech-loading and magazine firearms; and it consists ofcertai'n new constructions and combinations'of parts, hereinafter more fully described. The object of this invention is to produce an easily-manipulated and eflicient magazinegun, and more especially an arm which will carry ball or shot, or both combiner], efiectually from the same barrel, and for the use of cavalry, mounted police, &c.,where rapid firing and comprehensive operation by one hand 2 5 is desirable.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal side elevation of this gun, showing it in position for being 0perated by one hand. Fig. 2 is a section of the butt, showing means of attaching the gun to the shoulder-piece. Fig. 3is an enlarged view of the muzzle ofz-Fig. 1, modified by a screwjoint. Fig. 4 shows the compound operatinglever detached. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal side section of the frame and breech mechanism of this gun in firing position. Fig. dis a similar view to Fig. 5,'but with the breech open. Fig. 7 is a cross-section of the frame lever and carrier of Fig. 6 on the line a; a: and showing the face of the bolt and extractors. Fig. 8

1,0 shows the parts of the operatingdever detached in side elevation. Fig. L side view of the sliding carrier-lever in tion and a plan of the same detached.

Similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts. I

- 1 is the frame; 2, the barrel; 3, the buttstock; 4., a shoulder-plate; 5, the operatinghandle; 6, the bolt; 7, the locking-brace, and

8 the carrier.

In Figs. 1 and 2 two s :i'ngcatches J and 10 are shown in engagem nt with a stud projection 11. The projection 11 is pivoted. to a shoulder-plate 4, having means for attaching it to the shoulder of the operator, and when a coat is worn over the plate 4 to better confine it the stud 11 is adapted to project through a buttonholc-opening, and when not in use to turn down, as shown in broken lines, Fig.2. The spring-catches 9 and 1 have extensions 12 and 13 to project outward through openings in the stock, so that said extensions can be engaged by the operator to retire the hooked ends of the catches and release the gun from the stud 11. I prefer to use duplidental disengagement. Attaching the butt the gmrl tei tlietshonlden"obviates the nccessity of holding it thereto by one hand, which may then be employed otherwise, as in guidingahorse, and one hand alone will serve to operate the lever and hold the gun in position.

The catch or .lutchos on the gun and the catch onthe shoulder of the operator together constitute a clutch by which the gun held in firing position white hair aimed, and fired by one hand, a: e ring may be thus continued untii the magazine is exhausted. It is apparent that such a con nection of the gun to the user would h practical utility in a single loader. is is it of use in such a gun (a s the bolt system) which ran .from the shoulder in erde" ating-handle. My operatn k cially devised for use with ti clutch. Nevertheless some other L'JXEZiS erating-handlemight be substituted forth u herein illustrated without departing from the spirit of this part of the invention.

To make this arm more effective at range and at the same time preserve its eiiicieney for long distances, 1 make the barrel .with the usual twist riding to nearits muzzle, then enlarge the bore and form in that part straight or non-twisting grooves, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and prefer to choke or contract the extreme muzzle to near the size of. the maincaliber of the barrel. The object of this part of my invent-ion is to enable the samegun to project both ball and shot accurately. The bullet will follow the twist grooves inthe usual manner and not filling the'boro at the muzzle, where the straight cate-catches, as shown, to guard against acci-.-

grooves are formed, will not be controlled or deflected by said straight grooves; but when shot are used (either alone or in connection with a bullet) their tendency for dispersion, which is greatlyincreased bythetwist ritiing, insures the contact of the shot with the straight grooves to concentrate their flight.

In Fig. 3 I show a modification in which the straight rifled muzzle is made detachable, and an elastic washer It is applied to check the gas from fouling the joint, which otherwise becomes clogged and ditficult to unscrew. The vibrating operating-handle 5 is connected to the bolt by the'locking-brace7 through the intermediate levers l5 and 16. The handle 5 is split to pass over the levorl5, and both are hung in the frame on the pivot 17 and held rigidly to each other by the spring-dog l8 and abutment it), as shown in Figs. 5 and ti. As will be seen in Figs. 1 and 5, the handle is thus held away from the waist of the gun, so as to allow the hand to grasp around it and press more directly forward to open the breech to avoid in great. part the usual downward pull so apt to destroy the aim in other leverguns; but by pressing on the rear end of the .dog 18 it may be sprung out of engagement with its bearing in lever 15 and the lever 5 can be then turned up against the Waist, of the gun, as seen in the broken lines in Fig. 5. Then the dogs point will enter the depression 20 to retain the leverout of the way when not 'lieing used; but the dog will yield to force, so that the lever may be readily thrown down into operative position when desired. As be fore stated, the operating-lever swings on the pivot-1'7.

When the handle 5 and part 15'are locked by the dog 18 to inove together, they operate as one lever, and a slot 21 allows it to move regardless of the pin 22, which passes through it, and pivots the lowersplitend of the upper lever 23 t0 the frame; but a pin 24, niorc remote from the pivot 22 of the upper lever than pivot 17 of the handle, projects from lever 23 to enter a slot in the'ai-m 85 of the lower lever 15 and be thereby engaged-by the lower lever, so that the vibration of said arm I L will move the lever 26 to'turn on its .lllVOlLQZ,

and the distance from pivot 2t to 117 being greater than that from 2t to 22;nntkcsthe movement of the arm '35 longer, amtthereby accelerates the movement of the upper lever 23, when vibrating it on its pivot 22, to opcir the breech by a short movement of the opcr- Ming-handle, as seen in Fig. (3, when a solid pivoted lever-handle would have to travel far ther, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. l. A shortmovement of the lever, as described, makes the operation of thegun easy without removal from the shoulder.

- it is obviolis that a change in the relative distance of the lOVQF-PlVOtS will change the ratio of accelerationlof the lever 255. The lcvcr 275 has engagement at. its upper end to operate the brave and bolt, and aswinging fly i in g! lino (if/engagement of said lover of the fly 26, will permit the bolt to be forced backward a short distance by the discharge. I utilize this limited backward movement of the bolt to throw the hammer to half or full cock, which may be effected by the direct backward movement of the bolt against the; face of the hammer or a lever 27, as'shown in Figs. 5 and 6, with a long arm to bear backward the tiring-pin or hammer and a short arm to engage ashouldcr above its pivot, the said pivot passing through a slot in the lever 27 to allow the leverv to be pressed up into such engagement bya spring, as shown in Fig. With this arrangement a slightrecoil of .the boltin the frame, by the engagement between the bolt and frame by means 'of the short arm and pivot of lever 27, increases the movcment'of the long arm of said lever to throw tl1e-hammei"back, as shown in, dotted line Fig. 5.

The hooks of the twin side extractors .38

project below the face of the bolt to engage the cartridge when feeding back from the magazine, its flange being slightly raised by -the carrier .to be grasped by the extractorhooks and insure in case of any obstruction the rearward movement of the cart-ridge when the bolt moves back. An auxiliary lever 29, Figs.- 5, 6, and 9, has pins 30 and 31 projecting into oblique slots in-tho side of the carrier, the rear pin 30 projecting, also, into the opening of the carrier in, position to boengaged by the lever 23 in the last of its j're'ar' ward movements, as seen in Fig. (3, and there by inove back the leverZf), and its pins, traversing the oblique slots in the carrier, turn its .forward arm upward to raise the butt of the cartridge above'the tloor ofthe c a rrier to more nearly align the cartridgo'withthe bore of the gun. A pin 32 in .the forward part of the lever 29-is engaged by the'forward movemeitt of the lever 23 to return lever 29 to its forward and downward position in the carrier. When the .hanin'ior is at half-cock, as shown in Fig. 6, the bolt may be moved back freely over it. To turn it to t'ull-cock, I hang a dog 33 to the operating-lever below or IOfll'll({ of the pivot of said lever and to be movei thereby, as in l ig. (i,into position for-engagcmont with a notch, as .H, in the hammer, so that in moving back the lever to close the breech the dog is carried thercb'y'to engage and turn back the hannncr to full cock,

where it will be held by the soar in the usual manner, or if the triggeris pulled to keep the sear, outot contact; the dog 313 will be released by impinging against the pin 35,-as in Fig. 5, to tire the gun by the closingof tho lovcrand breech.- .'lho ejector Ill; is hung in the bot.- tom of the iaecoi" bolt and a projection 37' of the carrier strikes its front; and upward, when the carrier rises to eject. tho shell, and when the bolt is thenstartcd forward from tho.position shown in Fig. t' the roar projoe'-' i no the last part of its downward movement to press down the spring-pin 39 and thereby free-the magazine.

The cocking-dog 33 projects at the bottom of the frame, as shown in Fig. 6, so that it may be conveniently pressed forward out of position for engaging the hammer as the breech is being closed and that the hammer will remain at half -cock. The carrier is raised by the lever 23 in its last rearward movement byits engaging a projection of said carrier above its pivot, as seen in Fig. 6, and lowered by the downwardprojecting extractors, which move against the inclined cars at its front and top. The spring-pin magazinestop, as set in the bottom of the frame, is inclined rearward to the better hold against the cartridge-head and not be retired thereby and be more easilyretired by the face of the car:

rier and; also to facilitate construction.

I claim- 1. In a magazine small arm, a shoulderplate and catch connecting said. plate to the gun to supportitagainst the shoulder, in combination with a supporting and operating handle in position to be grasped by one hand of the operator and serve to hold the gun in position for operation by one hand, and a trigger in position to be pulled by the hand ongaging the handle, substantially as described.

2. A magazine-gun having the operatinghandle and trigger in position to be grasped by one hand of the operator, a catch in the stock in position to engage a catch on the shoulder of the operator, and a projection extending outside the stock by which the said catch may be disengaged, substantially as described.

3. In a magazine-gun, the operating-handle and trigger in position to be engaged by the hand of the operator while the-gun is at the shoulder, a catch on the gun,an(1 a catch constructed substantiallyas described for attach-- mcnt-to the shoulder of the operator and to have clutch en gagcment with the catch on the gun, the parts in combination, substantially as described.

4. A magazine having its operating-handle and trigger within reach of one hand of the operator while the gun is at the shoulder, a

catch or clutch member attached to said gun,

and a corresponding catch or clutch member connected to the person of 4 the operator, the

parts combined, substantially as described, so that the gun may be repeatedly loaded and fired while connected and held to the person of the operator.

5. In a breech-loading gun, a lever connected to the breech mechanism to move it to close and open the breech, said lever having a projecting handle by which it is operated,

a joint in said operating-lever to permit its handle to turn against the body of the gun, and a spring-catch to hold it in operative position, all in combination, substantially as described.

6. In a breech-loading ed to the breech mechanism to move it to close and open the breech, said lever having a projecting handle by which it is operated, a joint in said operating-lever to permit, its handle to turn against the body of the gun, and a spring-catch to hold it in operative position, and a connection outside the gun .to release it, all in combination, substantially as specified.

-gun, alever conneetto close the. breech, a lever 23, hung in the frame and connected to said mechanism to operate it, a vibrating operating-handle joint" ed to said lever and hung in the frame on a distinct axis, and a connection from the bandle to the lever23, more remote from the axis of the handle than from the axis of said lever,

in combination, substantially as and f th purpose described. a

handle pivoted in the frame to operate the, breech mechanism, a vibrating operating-lever attached thereto and pivoted in the frame nearer its point of attachment to saidhandle than the axis thereof, all in combination, substantially as specified, to give accelerated movement to'the lever and the breech-closing mechanism by the movement of the handle.

9. In a magazine firearm, a bolt, alever hung in the frame and having connection to said bolt to reciprocate it by the vibration of said lever-to open and close the breech, and

means of locking the breech, in combination with a fly by which bearing is obtained. between the lever and bolt to force the bolt forward of its locking position, and an engaging shoulder carried by the bolt, substantially as described, for forcing hack the hammer by the limited recoil of the bolt.

10. In a magazine-firearm, -a reciprocating bolt having meansnfor locking it forward in the frame and for locking position, i combination with a pivoted lever operated upon by the limited 'recoil of the bolt,"ltnd a resisting-abutment in the frame to turn said lever to produce engagement with and thereby throw back the hammer, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. I p 11. In amagazine-firearm, a reciprocating bolt, a magazine beneath the barrel, twin extractors having grasping-hooks extending downward below the face of the bolt in line Eorcingitforward of saiid with the path of movement of cartridges when 1 feeding from the magazine, and a carrier to raise the cartridges into the grasp of said extractor l'l'oalts, all in con'ibination, tially as described.

12. Ina magazinegun, a vibrating, carrier and means to raise it, in combination with an auxiliary lever having oblique bearing in said (3&1l'l81,{tl'ltlt shoulder on the lever for engage mont of, a moving part of the breech mechanism to slide it and raise its forward end by oblique movement'- in the carrier. I

in a breech-loading firearm, a vibrating hammer, a vibrating operating-lever to move the breech, and a dog or pawl hung in the operating-lever and carried thereby in its movement oi opening the breech to position for engagement with a shoulder in the hammer and moved to cock the hammer by the movementof the lever in closing the breech, all in combination, substantially set forth.

l-l. in a in'eech-loatllug tircarm, a vibrating o 'ieratingdever and a vibrating hammer, in connection with a cocking-dog which cocks hammer by mm'ementof the operatinglever and having, a connection to the outside of thegun for rendering said doginoperative, substantially as described.

15. In a breech-loading tircarnha vibrating operatingdever and a vibrating hammer, in combination with a cocking-(lo which cocks the hammer by movement. of the operating lever and a foil in the trame to engage am] to release the tlogtrom the hammer.

lit. in a magaziue-lircarm, a reciprocating substanme ee;

bolt and an ejector hungto vibrate upward in the face of the bolt,-in combination with a car riot-arranged to strike up said ejector and ex- 'pel the shell and projections on Hflltl carrier illl tl ejector to make engagement in the closing movement of the bOli-ftlltl turn down the ej cetor.

the face of the carrier, substantially an autl I for the purpose Specified.

18. A magazine small-arm hat in a stock and barrel and loading at the l)l'0CCll,Stltl gun having a lmttliug-ha-ntllc within reach of the hand ot the operator to open and close the breech while the gun is at his shoulder and having: means for attaching the butt of the gun aml hohlingitto the shoulder while loatllug, substantially as described.

In testimonywhereof l atlix my'Hig'natiii-c in presence of two witnesses.

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