Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

US3818816A - Trapdoor for smoke eduction - Google Patents

Trapdoor for smoke eduction Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3818816A
US3818816A US00282034A US28203472A US3818816A US 3818816 A US3818816 A US 3818816A US 00282034 A US00282034 A US 00282034A US 28203472 A US28203472 A US 28203472A US 3818816 A US3818816 A US 3818816A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
arrangement according
aperture
door
trap
trap door
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00282034A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
J Petit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PROD ESSEMES
Original Assignee
PROD ESSEMES
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PROD ESSEMES filed Critical PROD ESSEMES
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3818816A publication Critical patent/US3818816A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/002—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass controlled by automatically acting means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/18—Sliding dampers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F17/00—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage
    • E04F17/02—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage for carrying away waste gases, e.g. flue gases; Building elements specially designed therefor, e.g. shaped bricks or sets thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/132—Doors

Definitions

  • the trap-door comprises a wall provided with a com- [5 s i .l i munication pening edged a r abbet in is in [58] Field of Search 49/1, 7, 8, 141, 463, 465; cluded a frame, at least lower side thereof being in- 98/40 VT, 43, 43 A, 43 P5, 43 86 clined downwards to delimit a sliding plane for a framing surrounding a panel maintained by at least one [56] References Cited lock UNlTED STATES PATENTS 282,822 8/l883 Willard 98/86 11 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures PATENTED JUNE 5 I974 SHEET 2 BF 4 Pmlimmwm 7 31818.816
  • the present invention relates to a trap-door providing eduction of the smoke caused by a fire on one of the floors of a building.
  • Said trap-door can be remote controlled to make possible the approach of a seat of a fire in the most advantageous conditions to provide putting out of said fire and fast evacuation of people.
  • the trap-door of the invention is of an extremely accurate operation, even if it is submitted to a high raise in temperature.
  • the trap-door for smoke eduction in various buildings comprising an eduction passage having to be selectively put in communication with upper portion of each of successive dwelling floors of a building is characterized by a wall which is provided for insulating the eduction passage from each floor of the building, said wall having a communication opening flanged by a deep rabbet opening towards each dwelling floor and in which is included a substantially rectangular metallic frame, said frame'having at least lower side thereof which is inclined towards said dwelling floor to delimit a sliding plane for a metallic framing of a complementary shape peripherically surrounding an insulating panel having a framing which is maintained against said frame by at least one lock.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of a construction building embodying trap-doors for smoke eduction according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the trap-door of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged transverse sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of a detail of embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view, similar to FIG. 3, of a variant of embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a partial front view illustrating another detail of embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a building comprising various floors A, B N, all of them communicating with the outside through fresh air delivering inlets I normally designed close to the floor.
  • openings 2 are designed on each floor to run into a common passage 3, the same being possibly provided, as represented, with a device 4 for drawing up air in a view of establishing a permanent upwards circulation from the base of the passage 3 which may be provided with an opening 5.
  • the openings 2 are designed close to the ceiling of each floor and said openings are normally closed by trap-doors 7, the same having the possibility to be selectively remote controlled to provide eduction of the smokes if a fire breaks out on one of the floors as diagrammatically shown concerning a floor F.
  • the trap-doors 7 of the floors which have not been reached by the fire must remain closed to avoid any spreading of hot gas and smoke which could cause occurrence of other seats of fire, thus constituting an inconvenience for the people having the responsibility to fight against the fire.
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 show how are realized the trap-doors 7.
  • the passage 3 which is utilized for the smoke eduction is separated from the dwellings by a wall 8 able to resist to a fire, for example a wall made of concrete.
  • the openings 2 are made into said wall wherein is delimited, to flange said openings 2, a peripheric groove or rabbet 9 opening towards the inside of the rooms of the construction building.
  • the groove 9 is utilized for placing a frame 10, preferably made of metal and which is constituted, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 by two similar vertical uprights 11 and 12 substantially delimiting a right-angled trapezium.
  • the front sides of the iron uprights l1 and 12 are forming a similar angle to delimit a widened passage converging towards the opening 2.
  • the vertical uprights 11 and 12 are connected by a lower cross-piece l3 and an upper cross-piece 14, both constituted by metal parts in the shape of right-angled trapezium.
  • the side 13a of the cross-piece I3 is converging towards the opening 2, while the side 14a of the cross-piece 14 has an opposite slope and extends according to a slope which is smaller than that of the side 13a of the cross-piece 13.
  • the frame 10 is designed to be entirely inserted into the groove 9 and said frame is fixed to the wall 8, for instance by means of anchoring-irons 15.
  • the width of the frame 10 is smaller than the depth of the groove 9, and blocks 16 made of insulating material and resisting to the fire are inserted between the frame and! the bottom of the groove.
  • Said blocks 16 can for example be made of asbestos agglomerate or other similar material.
  • the trap-door itself is constituted by a panel 17 comprising facing plates 18 and 19, the latter one at least being made of insulating and heat-resisting material.
  • the facing plates are surrounding a web 20 which is possibly made of calcined rock, al'veolate concrete, ceramic fiber or other similar material.
  • the periphery of the panel 17 is enclosed into a metal framing 21, the shape of which being exactly a complement to the shape of the opening which is let free by the frame 10.
  • the framing 21 comprises lateral flanged edges 22 and 23.
  • the height of the flanged edge 22 is selected for completely including the same into the groove 9, thus a joint 24 made of soft insulating material can be placed between the blocks 16 and the facing plate 19 by directly bearing on said plate.
  • a heat bridge which could be constituted by the framing 21.
  • the framing 21 manages with the frame 10 a ring-like space 25 in which is placed a continuous joint 26, the same being also made of soft insulating and heat resisting material.
  • the panel 17 is normally maintained by locks 27, 28 (FIG. 2) which are, for example, placed on the uprights 11, 12 close to the lower portion of the same. It is also possible to place the locks inside the cross-piece 13 of the frame so that the same be entirely hidden from the sight.
  • the locks 27, 28 can be, for example, constituted as shown in FIG. 5, that is by means of an electro-magnet 29, the core 30 thereof directly controlling a bolt 31, the end of which being introduced into a blot-clasp 32 carried by the panel 17.
  • the bolt 31 When the electro-magnet of each lock is controlled, the bolt 31 is released from the bolt-clasp thereof and the panel, which is not maintained any longer close to the lower portion thereof, slides through gravity in the direction shown by arrow f To still increase the safety of use, it is possible to manufacture the bolt-clasp 32 and/or the bolt 31 of a material melting at a relatively low temperature thus providing the panel to clear the opening 2 even, if for any reason, the electro-magnets controlling the locks have not been operated.
  • said panel 17 can be insidely provided with a boring 33, inside of which is placed a slowing down device 34 which may be constituted by a small piston connected by a cable 35 to the cross-piece 14 of the frame 10.
  • a slowing down device 34 which may be constituted by a small piston connected by a cable 35 to the cross-piece 14 of the frame 10.
  • the cable 35 runs through a hole 36 designed in the upper cross-piece of the framing, said small hole forming, in some way, a limiting device for the flow of air sent out through the piston 34 and providing a slow down of the panel of which the fall onto the ground is prevented by the piston 34 when the same comes to a stop with said upper cross-piece of the framing 21.
  • the frame 10 is shaped as shown in the drawings to take the shape of the groove 9 of wall 8, said groove delimiting, at the lower portion of the opening 2, an inclined edge 37; the other edges, comprising the upper edge 90 (FIG. 6) and the two lateral edges 9b (FIG. 7) extending, for example as shown, at right angle with re spect to the sides of wall 8.
  • the frame 10 delimits a housing at the upper portion of the lower inclined edge 37, said housing 38 being lined up with the bottom of the groove of the other sides for positioning, all around the groove, blocks 16 made of insulating material and advantageously fixed through glueing.
  • the block being directed towards the opening of the groove is provided with a slot for maintaining the joint 24 made of soft insulating material, the same being advantageously maintained by a strip 39 made of stainless steel or similar material, the ends of said strip being inserted between the two blocks 16 as shown in dotted line in the drawings.
  • the panel 17 constituting the trap-door is made in a similar way as explained in the above disclosure by means of facing plates 18a and 190 made of insulating and heat-resisting material, and said plates are cut at the periphery thereof to show a shape corresponding to the shape of the space delimited by frame 10.
  • the two panels 18a are connected together by a framing 21a fixed on the panel 18a by screws and nuts 40, said framing encasing the rear edge 22a of the panel 19a.
  • the space delimited between the two panels is filled up with an appropriate material, for example a complex of plaster and inorganic fibers.
  • the panel 17 is provided at the upper portion thereof with at least one finger 41 designed to be engaged behind a stop 42 of the frame 10 upon positioning the panel, the same being then maintained by bolts 43 controlled by one or various electro-magnets 28a placed into one or various housings 44 designed into the wall 8 behind the lower portion of the frame 10.
  • One or various corresponding bolt-Clasps 45 are of course designed into the front portion of the panel 17.
  • FIG. 7 shows that the lateral sides 17a of the panel 17 delimit, with the corresponding edge of the frame 10, a space 46 of which the bottom is constituted by the blocks 16.
  • a square iron 47 is fixed at the upper portion of each side 17a of the panel 17 and said square iron is provided, in the arm 47a thereof, with a hole 48 for passage of a rod 49.
  • Said rod is articulated, by means of an eyelet 50 extending the same, on a spindle 51 constituted by a bolt supported by the frame 10 and on which are screwed up nuts 52, 52a for holding the eyelet 50.
  • the rod 49 at the lower portion thereof, is provided with a spring 53 retained by nuts 54 forming a stop.
  • At least a resilient element 55 for example a spring, is placed into the blocks 16 in the bottom of the housing 38 delimited by the frame 10 at the lower portion of the groove, said spring tending consequently to push back the lower portion of the panel 17.
  • the finger or fingers 41 of the same have only to be engaged behind the stop 54, then the lower portion of the panel must be pushed against the action of the spring 55 up to the moment when the panel is locked by the bolt 43 of the electromagnet 28a. In said position, the panel is firmly applied against the joint 24.
  • trap-door can be included into prefabricated elements made of masonry, plaster, etc.
  • a building construction including a room wall having at least one eduction passage provided with an aperture for communication between said eduction passage and rooms of said building, the wall portion defining the bottom portion of said aperture being downwardly sloped towards the room, a trap door having the same shape as that of said aperture and inserted therein and resting on said bottom portion for closing the aperture, and locking means between said wall and said trap door and retaining said door in said aperture, whereby unlocking of said locking means causes said trap door to slide down by gravity along said downwardly sloped bottom portion to open said aperture.
  • apertures are each delimited by a substantially rectangular metal frame having a downwardly directed bottom flange while the top flange of said frame defines with the bottom flange an upwardly directed angle, lateral flanges of said frame converging towards the eduction passage.
  • the trap-door comprises facing plates made of insulating and heat resisting material and surrounding a web.
  • said means are constituted by a stroke limiting device comprising rods placed on each side of the trap door and pivotally mounted on spindles supported at the edge of the trap door and passing through brackets fixed on the side of the trap door and comprising damping means at the lower portion thereof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
US00282034A 1971-08-31 1972-08-21 Trapdoor for smoke eduction Expired - Lifetime US3818816A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7131539A FR2151518A5 (xx) 1971-08-31 1971-08-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3818816A true US3818816A (en) 1974-06-25

Family

ID=9082393

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00282034A Expired - Lifetime US3818816A (en) 1971-08-31 1972-08-21 Trapdoor for smoke eduction

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3818816A (xx)
BE (1) BE787723A (xx)
CA (1) CA985561A (xx)
DE (1) DE2242600A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2151518A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1385100A (xx)
LU (2) LU65976A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL7211851A (xx)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3955323A (en) * 1975-06-04 1976-05-11 Canadian Patents And Development Limited Means for retarding the spread of fire from a building space
US4667449A (en) * 1986-03-04 1987-05-26 Flexmaster U.S.A., Inc. Access door
US4898088A (en) * 1989-02-02 1990-02-06 Norman Lesser Totally fusible tunnel ventilation damper system
US5213542A (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-05-25 Kelly Thomas L Insulated heat activated ventilator
US6301108B1 (en) 1999-12-27 2001-10-09 Westell, Inc. Chassis containing electronic components with fire containment trap door
US6632134B2 (en) * 2002-01-03 2003-10-14 Deponio Wallace A. Building fire extinguisher system
US20070271845A1 (en) * 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Wen Ming Chang Explosion-venting door structure
US20120009864A1 (en) * 2009-04-07 2012-01-12 Fuchang Shen Negative-Pressure Smoke-Guiding Fireproof Building Structure

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2314342A1 (fr) * 1975-06-13 1977-01-07 Gubri Michel Perfectionnements apportes aux volets de desenfumage pour gaine de ventilation
ZA754627B (en) * 1975-07-18 1977-03-30 E Pantland Fire dampers
LU75867A1 (xx) * 1976-09-24 1978-06-09
FR2449241A1 (fr) * 1979-02-15 1980-09-12 Corre Henri Le Joint thermique etanche aux gaz et fumees
AU534732B3 (en) * 1983-03-01 1984-03-22 Crestlite Aluminium Pty. Ltd. Smoke ventilation apparatus
GB2138934B (en) * 1983-04-25 1987-01-21 George Alfred Forbes Hot air recirculation system

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US282822A (en) * 1883-08-07 Smoke and flame outlet for buildings
US609278A (en) * 1898-08-16 Automatic flue-opening device
US821416A (en) * 1905-04-06 1906-05-22 James H Hummel Automatic ventilating apparatus.
US1424061A (en) * 1921-03-07 1922-07-25 Harry E Adams Securing means for automobile top closures
US2564971A (en) * 1947-07-21 1951-08-21 Harding Tom Means for reducing fire danger in hotels and the like
US2604675A (en) * 1948-09-07 1952-07-29 Delbert O Seaman Device for holding screen and storm windows

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US282822A (en) * 1883-08-07 Smoke and flame outlet for buildings
US609278A (en) * 1898-08-16 Automatic flue-opening device
US821416A (en) * 1905-04-06 1906-05-22 James H Hummel Automatic ventilating apparatus.
US1424061A (en) * 1921-03-07 1922-07-25 Harry E Adams Securing means for automobile top closures
US2564971A (en) * 1947-07-21 1951-08-21 Harding Tom Means for reducing fire danger in hotels and the like
US2604675A (en) * 1948-09-07 1952-07-29 Delbert O Seaman Device for holding screen and storm windows

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3955323A (en) * 1975-06-04 1976-05-11 Canadian Patents And Development Limited Means for retarding the spread of fire from a building space
US4667449A (en) * 1986-03-04 1987-05-26 Flexmaster U.S.A., Inc. Access door
US4898088A (en) * 1989-02-02 1990-02-06 Norman Lesser Totally fusible tunnel ventilation damper system
US5213542A (en) * 1992-05-29 1993-05-25 Kelly Thomas L Insulated heat activated ventilator
US6301108B1 (en) 1999-12-27 2001-10-09 Westell, Inc. Chassis containing electronic components with fire containment trap door
US6632134B2 (en) * 2002-01-03 2003-10-14 Deponio Wallace A. Building fire extinguisher system
US20070271845A1 (en) * 2006-05-26 2007-11-29 Wen Ming Chang Explosion-venting door structure
US20120009864A1 (en) * 2009-04-07 2012-01-12 Fuchang Shen Negative-Pressure Smoke-Guiding Fireproof Building Structure
US8986088B2 (en) * 2009-04-07 2015-03-24 Fuchang Shen Negative-pressure smoke-guiding fireproof building structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7211851A (xx) 1973-03-02
BE787723A (fr) 1972-12-18
FR2151518A5 (xx) 1973-04-20
CA985561A (en) 1976-03-16
LU65976A1 (xx) 1973-01-15
DE2242600A1 (de) 1973-03-08
GB1385100A (en) 1975-02-26
LU65974A1 (xx) 1973-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3818816A (en) Trapdoor for smoke eduction
US3295273A (en) Door and panel construction
US2355803A (en) Window unit
JP3044021B1 (ja) 中高層共同住宅の換気構造
US3364841A (en) Slidably mounted perforated sheets
CN208347616U (zh) 一种铝合金防火窗
CN214403302U (zh) 一种具有隔烟功能的高阻燃钢质防火门
US2564971A (en) Means for reducing fire danger in hotels and the like
KR102554639B1 (ko) 개폐창을 가진 커튼 월
US2310247A (en) Window
CN205532153U (zh) 可控制密封件膨胀的防火门
CN114575728A (zh) 一种具有快速锁定功能的录音用特种复合隔音门
CN208220452U (zh) 一种磁性自动锁定机构以及安装该机构的耐火窗、防火窗
US2861447A (en) Building having air inlet
US5232402A (en) Interior ventilation adjustment device
JPS6041434Y2 (ja) 二重サツシの気密装置
JP2594163B2 (ja) 可動式防火間仕切壁
KR102593689B1 (ko) 공동주택용 화재 대응형 방화문
KR102646816B1 (ko) 방화 기능을 향상시킨 창호 구조
JPS6129910Y2 (xx)
KR102595262B1 (ko) 방화용 창호 시스템
JPH04306431A (ja) 屋外熱交換機の配置方法
JP2913587B1 (ja) 建物等の扉用室内外気圧差解消装置
KR960006752Y1 (ko) 환기창의 개폐장치
RU2633276C1 (ru) Клапан противопожарный