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US3726074A - Method and apparatus for manufacture of strands and cables - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for manufacture of strands and cables Download PDF

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Publication number
US3726074A
US3726074A US00041316A US3726074DA US3726074A US 3726074 A US3726074 A US 3726074A US 00041316 A US00041316 A US 00041316A US 3726074D A US3726074D A US 3726074DA US 3726074 A US3726074 A US 3726074A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
elements
axis
cable
strand
guide
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00041316A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Peene
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Bekaert NV SA
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Bekaert NV SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B3/00—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material
    • D07B3/02—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the supply reels rotate about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the component strands away from the supply reels in fixed position
    • D07B3/04—General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the supply reels rotate about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the component strands away from the supply reels in fixed position and are arranged in tandem along the axis of the machine, e.g. tubular or high-speed type stranding machine

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Strands or cables made of filamentary material, metallic or non-metallic, particularly intended for use as reinforcing elements in flexible sheet material.
  • This invention relates to the manufacture of strands or cables made of filamentary material, which filamentary material will usually be metal wire but could be non-metallic.
  • a strand is defined as being at least two filaments twisted together, while a cable is defined as being at least two strands twisted together.
  • Such strands and cables are particularly intended for use as reinforcing elements in flexible sheet material, e.g. of natural or synthetic rubber, for making vehicle tires, conveyor belts and the like.
  • the invention provides a method of making a strand or cable comprising two or more elements twisted together, such method including the steps of feeding each of said elements in the same direction on a common axis from supply means therefore, leading the respective elements to guide means offset from said axis and carried by a rotary device rotating about said axis and relatively to said supply means whereby each of the elements is itself twisted before the elements are brought together, bringing the elements together on the said axis, and delivering the elements along said axis, in the direction opposite from their direction of feed, to receiving means relative to which said rotary device rotates, whereby the elements are twisted together to form a strand or cable by the relative rotation of said rotary device and said receiving means.
  • the invention provides apparatus for making a strand or cable comprising two or more elements twisted together, bythe method set forth above, comprising means for mounting a supply of each said element for feeding of the elements in the same direction on a common axis, element guidemeans carried in positions offset from said axis by a rotary device arranged to be driven in rotation about said axis and relatively to said element supply means whereby, in operation, each of said elements itself is twisted in its passage from its supply to said guide means and before the elements are brought together, further guide means carried by the said rotary device and arranged to bring the said elements together on the said axis and to deliver the elements along the axis, in the opposite direction from their said direction of feed, to receiving means relative to which the said rotary device is arranged to rotate in operation, whereby the elements are twisted together to form a strand or cable by the relative rotation of said rotary device and said receiving means.
  • Twisting of the elements of the strand or cable about themselves prior to bringing the elements together and twisting them about one another to form the strand or cable produces a strand or cable having a much higher capacity for elastic elongation than would be the case if the primary twisting of the individual elements were to be omitted.
  • the method and apparatus set forth above enables this operation to be carried out in a simple and reliable manner.
  • the reversal of the direction of movement of the said elements relative to the said axis takes place before the elements are brought together.
  • the said receiving means is preferably arranged to rotate about the said axis in the opposite direction from the said rotary device, and may then be constituted by a device for removing the residual torsion from the strand or cable and straightening it.
  • the said element supply mounting means comprises a plurality of devices for mounting respective reels of said elements, which devices are fixed against rotation in operation.
  • the said rotary device may be of any convenient construction but in a preferred embodiment it comprises a housing enclosing said element supply mountmg means.
  • the said guide means for the elements of the strand or cable preferably includes an array of rotary guide members arranged around the axis of said rotary device to bring the said elements together on said axis in operation.
  • Such array of guide members preferably includes a unitary assembly of such guide members mounted on a base member having a central aperture around which said guide members are arranged so as to guide the said elements into and through said aperture in operation, said aperture having its axis coincident with the axis of said rotary device.
  • the said further guide means includes a further. rotary guide member arranged immediately downstream of the said aperture, with its guiding surface tangential to the axis of said rotary device, to receive and guide the elements as they pass through the said aperture. Additional rotary guide members may then be arranged in sequence downstream of said further guide member to guide the assembly of elements along a path offset from the axis of the rotary device, so as to by-pass said element supply mounting means, and then back on to said axis for delivery to said receiving means.
  • the said array of guide members may be mounted within the said housing adjacent one end thereof, and the said additional guide members may then include ones mounted from a side wall of the housing to define the said offset path of the assembly of elements.
  • the apparatus includes means for feeding a further element of the strand of cable into the center of the first-mentioned elements as the latter are brought together, to form a core element of the strand or cable.
  • Such further element may be brought from the element supply means already mentioned or from another supply separate from the apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 is a somewhat diagramatic view, partly in side elevation and partly in section, of an apparatus for making strands or cables according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a unitary assembly of rotary guide members incorporated in the apparatus of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is similar to FIG. 3 but shows the manner of incorporating a core element in such cable.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the capacity for elastic elongation of two cables made in accordance with the invention.
  • the apparatus comprises a rotary device in the form of an elongate cylindrical drum-like housing I mounted for driven rotation about its axis in the clockwise direction as seen from the right-hand end of the figure.
  • Drive to the rotary drum is from a motor 2 via a gear train 3 to a toothed wheel 4 on the left-hand end of the drum.
  • the drum 1 houses mounting means for supplies of strand elements 5 which are to be twisted together to form a cable 6.
  • Such mounting means comprise a plurality of housings 7 for spools 8 of such strands; it will be seen that the central part of the drum, and thus some of the housings 7 therein, is cut away in the drawing.
  • the housings 7 are mounted in bearings 9 supported from the drum 1 so that the housings do not rotate when the drum rotates.
  • Each of the housings 7 is so arranged that the strand which it carries exits therefrom on the axis of rotation of the drum 1.
  • Each strand 5 is then led away from such axis and passes over guide means in the form of a grooved pulley 10 which is offset from the axis of the drum and is mounted on the latter to rotate therewith.
  • All of the strands 5 pass to an array of guide pulleys, generally indicated at 11, mounted at the right-hand end of the drum 1 for rotation therewith. All of the guide pulleys of such array have their general planes extending radially of the drum axis so as to guide the strands 5 directly towards such axis once the strands have passed over the pulleys. It will be observed that the guide pulley 10 which receives the strand 5 from the spool housing 7 at the right-hand end of the drum 1 also constitutes one of the array of guide pulleys just mentioned.
  • a further guide pulley 15 is arranged immediately downstream of the assembly of pulleys 12 with its guide surface tangential to the rotational axis of the drum. Having been brought together on the drum axis as just mentioned, the assembly of strands 5 passes over the guide pulley 15. By now the strands are being twisted together into the form of the cable 6 by means acting on them further downstream and which will be described later. Having passed around the guide pulley 15 the cable is led away from the axis of the drum 1 and over a series of additional guide pulleys 16 mounted on the side wall of the drum so that the cable now travels back along the drum in a path offset from the axis thereof, so as to by-pass the strand mounting housings 7.
  • the cable is led back on to the axis of the drum and around a final guide pulley 17 which is mounted on the drum to rotate therewith and has its guiding surface tangential to the drum axis.
  • the cable now passes to receiving means in the form of a device 20 which is driven in rotation in the opposite direction from the drum 1.
  • This device is of a kind which is adapted to remove residual torsional stresses from the cable and to straighten it, the cable passing around a roller 21 in such device at the same time as it is rotated about its axis.
  • the strands of the cable are twisted together by the rotation of the drum 1 relative to the receiving device 20, and such twisting effect is in fact transmitted as far back as the point in the apparatus at which the strandsS are first brought together, as previously mentioned.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 where it will be seen that twisting of the strands 5 about one another begins immediately downstream of the unitary assembly of guide pulleys l l.
  • the cable passes around a grooved wheel 30 driven from the shaft 22.
  • the cable then passes to a take-up spool '24 via a laying device which reciprocates lengthwise of the spool 24 to lay successive layers of the cable on the spool.
  • the take-up spool 24 is driven from the shaft 22 via a belt drive 26.
  • the pull for drawing the respective strand elements 5 from their supply spools and subsequently for drawing the assembled cable through the apparatus comes from the driven wheel which frictionally engages the cable as the latter passes around the wheel.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative arrangement in which the core strand 18 is omitted, a pointed rod 27 forming a false core element being mounted on the axis of the drum 1 to rotate therewith.
  • the rod 27 is mounted in a mounting block 28 so as to be adjustable lengthwise for optimum effect.
  • FIG. 4 shows another arrangement, in which the core strand 18 is led from a supply spool mounted in the drum 1 like the supply spools for the strands 5, the strand 18 passing over a guide pulley 29 rotatable with the assembly of guide pulleys 11.
  • the core strand will, like the strands 5, be twisted about itself before incorporation in the cable.
  • each individual strand 5 will be twisted about its own axis by one full rotation for every rotation of the drum 1, and furthermore each of the strands will be again twisted by one further rotation about the axis of the assembled cable for every rotation of the drum.
  • a very substantial shortening of the pitch of each of the individual strands is achieved, which gives the strands, and thus the cable, a high capacity for elastic elongation when tensioned, and thus a high resistance to fatigue.
  • the make-up of the strands forming the elements of the cable the tensile resistance, capacity for elongation, and flexibility of the resulting cable can be chosen as desired.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the tension-elongation characteristics of two cables, illustrated by curves A and B, made in accordance with the invention.
  • the cable of curve A has a 3X7X0.2mm. core surrounded by six strands each of 7X0.40 mm., and has a large capacity for elastic elongation under a small tensile force.
  • the cable of curve B has a 3X7X0.50mm. core surrounded by 6 strands each of 7X0.3l mm., and undergoes a smaller degree of elastic elongation for a substantially greater tensile force than the cable of curve A.
  • the invention provides a method and apparatus whereby strands and cables incorporating a comparative large number, e.g. six to eightelements, can be put together in a simple and reliable fashion whilst being twisted in such a manner as to have a high capacity for elastic elongation under tension.
  • strands and cables are particularly suitable for incorporation as reinforcement elements in flexible sheet material, for example for making vehicle tires and conveyor belts, but may of course also be employed in numerous other fields.
  • each of said elements in the same direction on a common axis from supply means therefor, leading the respective elements to guide means offset from said axis and carried by a rotary device rotating about said axis and relatively to said supply means whereby each of the elements is itself twisted before the elements are brought together, passing the elements about guide means to reverse the direction of feed, subsequently bringing the elements together on the said axis, and delivering the elements along said axis, in the direction opposite from their direction of feed, to receiving means relative to which said rotary device rotates, whereby the elements are twisted together to form a strand or cable by the relative rotation of said rotary device and said receiving means.
  • Method according to claim 1 including the step of removing the residual torsion from the strand or cable and straightening the same.
  • Method according to claim 1 including the step of feeding a further element of the strand or cable into the center of the first-mentioned elements as the latter are brought together, to form a core element of the strand or cable.
  • Apparatus for making a strand or cable having at least two multifilament elements twisted together comprising a plurality of element supply spools, means for coaxially mounting said spools for feeding of the elements in the same feed direction on a common axis, element guide means carried in positions offset from said axis, a rotary device carrying said element guide means into said positions and arranged to be driven in rotation about said axis and relatively to said spools whereby, in operation, each of said elements is itself twisted in its passage from its respective spool to said guide means and before the elements are brought together, further guide means carried by the said rotary device and arranged to bring said elements together on said axis, receiving means located in the path of said elements from said further guide means and receiving said elements from said further guide means along said axis, in the opposite direction from their said direction of feed, said receiving means rotating in a direction relative to the direction in which said rotary device is arranged to rotate in operation, whereby the elements are twisted together to form a strand
  • Apparatus according to claim 5 including means for feeding a further element of said strand or cable into the center of said first-mentioned elements as the latter are brought together, to form a core element of the strand or cable.
  • said guide means includes an array of rotary guide members arranged around the axis of said rotary device to bring said elements together on said axis in operation.
  • said array of rotary guide members includes a unitary assembly of such guide members, a base member for mounting and supporting said unitary assembly of guide members and having a central aperture around which said guide members are arranged so as to guide the said elements into and through said aperture in operation, said aperture having its axis coincident with the axis of said rotary device.
  • the said further guide means includes a further rotary guide member arranged immediately downstream of the said aperture, said further rotary guide member having a guiding surface tangential to the axis of said rotary device for receiving and guiding the elements as they pass through said aperture.
  • Apparatus according to claim 14, wherein said receiving means comprises a device for removing the residual torsion from the strand or cable and straightening the same, said device rotating about the same axis as said rotary device but in opposite direction to the latter.
  • said receiving means comprises a device for removing the residual torsion from the strand or cable and straightening the same, said device rotating about the same axis as said rotary device but in the opposite direction to the latter.

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  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US00041316A 1969-06-02 1970-05-28 Method and apparatus for manufacture of strands and cables Expired - Lifetime US3726074A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2782769 1969-06-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3726074A true US3726074A (en) 1973-04-10

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US00041316A Expired - Lifetime US3726074A (en) 1969-06-02 1970-05-28 Method and apparatus for manufacture of strands and cables

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Country Link
US (1) US3726074A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5034658B1 (xx)
AT (1) AT308593B (xx)
BE (1) BE751131A (xx)
CH (1) CH516040A (xx)
CS (1) CS153082B2 (xx)
FR (1) FR2049797A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1266383A (xx)
LU (1) LU61034A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL7007052A (xx)
SE (1) SE357776B (xx)
SU (1) SU553947A3 (xx)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3774385A (en) * 1970-12-04 1973-11-27 Pirelli Machines and methods for manufacturing ropes, in particular steel cords
US3981131A (en) * 1974-02-16 1976-09-21 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft High speed twisting machine
US3992867A (en) * 1974-02-12 1976-11-23 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Two-for-one twisting process
US4141205A (en) * 1976-11-22 1979-02-27 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag Stranding process and apparatus
US20040250937A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2004-12-16 Shinichi Miyazaki Radial tire

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1248851B (it) * 1990-06-14 1995-01-30 Pirelli Procedimento per la fabbricazione di pneumatici per veicoli a due ruote e pneumatici cosi' prodotti

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3286451A (en) * 1965-03-24 1966-11-22 Anaconda Wire & Cable Co Strander
US3431718A (en) * 1964-02-18 1969-03-11 Vornbaeumen & Co E Method and machines for twisting together strands of material
US3585792A (en) * 1968-02-14 1971-06-22 Vornbaeumen & Co E Method and machine for manufacturing cables

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB916625A (en) * 1961-04-18 1963-01-23 Federico Dick Improvements in or relating to stranding machines

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3431718A (en) * 1964-02-18 1969-03-11 Vornbaeumen & Co E Method and machines for twisting together strands of material
US3286451A (en) * 1965-03-24 1966-11-22 Anaconda Wire & Cable Co Strander
US3585792A (en) * 1968-02-14 1971-06-22 Vornbaeumen & Co E Method and machine for manufacturing cables

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3774385A (en) * 1970-12-04 1973-11-27 Pirelli Machines and methods for manufacturing ropes, in particular steel cords
US3992867A (en) * 1974-02-12 1976-11-23 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Two-for-one twisting process
US3981131A (en) * 1974-02-16 1976-09-21 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft High speed twisting machine
US4141205A (en) * 1976-11-22 1979-02-27 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag Stranding process and apparatus
US20040250937A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2004-12-16 Shinichi Miyazaki Radial tire
US20070169875A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2007-07-26 Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Inc. Radial tire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU61034A1 (xx) 1970-08-03
FR2049797A5 (xx) 1971-03-26
JPS5034658B1 (xx) 1975-11-10
CH516040A (fr) 1971-11-30
CS153082B2 (xx) 1974-02-22
AT308593B (de) 1973-07-10
SU553947A3 (ru) 1977-04-05
BE751131A (nl) 1970-11-03
NL7007052A (xx) 1970-12-04
DE2027081A1 (xx) 1970-12-17
GB1266383A (xx) 1972-03-08
DE2027081B2 (de) 1972-09-28
SE357776B (xx) 1973-07-09

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