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US3708023A - Self-propelled air-punching mechanism - Google Patents

Self-propelled air-punching mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
US3708023A
US3708023A US00102672A US3708023DA US3708023A US 3708023 A US3708023 A US 3708023A US 00102672 A US00102672 A US 00102672A US 3708023D A US3708023D A US 3708023DA US 3708023 A US3708023 A US 3708023A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
striker
air
head section
self
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00102672A
Inventor
N Nazarov
N Chinakal
B Sudnishnikov
K Tupitsyn
A Kostylev
K Gurkov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Institut Gornogo dela Sibirskogo Otdelenia Akademii Nauk SSSR
Original Assignee
Institut Gornogo dela Sibirskogo Otdelenia Akademii Nauk SSSR
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Publication date
Application filed by Institut Gornogo dela Sibirskogo Otdelenia Akademii Nauk SSSR filed Critical Institut Gornogo dela Sibirskogo Otdelenia Akademii Nauk SSSR
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Publication of US3708023A publication Critical patent/US3708023A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
    • E21B4/145—Fluid operated hammers of the self propelled-type, e.g. with a reverse mode to retract the device from the hole
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B11/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines without rotary main shaft, e.g. of free-piston type
    • F01B11/04—Engines combined with reciprocatory driven devices, e.g. hammers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L21/00—Use of working pistons or pistons-rods as fluid-distributing valves or as valve-supporting elements, e.g. in free-piston machines
    • F01L21/02—Piston or piston-rod used as valve members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F03C1/03—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with movement in two directions being obtained by two single-acting piston liquid engines, each acting in one direction
    • F03C1/035—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with movement in two directions being obtained by two single-acting piston liquid engines, each acting in one direction one single-acting piston being always under the influence of the liquid under pressure

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A self-propelled air-punching mechanism for making [21] Appl' 102672 holes in soil by its compaction, in which a hollow body is provided with a pointed head section with a striker [52] U.S. Cl ..l75/ l9, 173/137 being located within the body and forming therewith [51] Int. Cl. ..E2lb 11/02 from and rear p s chambers. and the from [58] Field of Search ..173/ 135, 137; 175/19, 92 Chamber munic ing wi h n addition l pa within the pointed head section of the body, thus raising the impact power of the mechanism.
  • the present invention relates to self-propelled per-' cussive mechanisms, and more particularly to selfpropelled air-punching mechanisms used for making holes in soil by its compaction.
  • a self-propelled air-punching mechanism to make holes in soil by its compaction comprising a body pointed on one side thereof, and housing a striker forming a front pressure space located between the body and the outer surface of the striker, with such space at regular intervals communicating with the source of compressed air and the atmosphere, and a rear pressure space located inside the striker in the tail section thereof, and permanently communicating with the compressed air source.
  • the striker imparts impacts to the body while reciprocating under the effect of compressed air delivered to the pressure spaces through an air supply sleeve coacting with the striker, and fixed in the tail section of the body.
  • the object of our invention is to provide a selfpropelled air-punching mechanism which has a higher impact power on the account of an increased volume of the front pressure space, without changing the weight of the mechanism.
  • a self-propelled airpunching mechanism to make holes in soil by its compaction comprising a hollow body having a pointed head section, the body housing a striker defining in the body a front chamber of variable volume, the striker having a tail section in which is provided a rear chamber of variable volume, the striker impacting impacts to the body while being reciprocated therein by compressed air delivered to the chambers through an air supply sleeve located in a rear chamber of the striker, and fixed in the tail section of the body.
  • a space which communicates with the front chamber of variable volume through channels formed in the body.
  • the increase of the front chambers volume in the present mechanism by making the inner space in the pointed head section of the body raises the impact power of the striker without any deterioration of the operational qualities of the mechanism.
  • the self-propelled punching mechanism shown in the drawing comprises a body 1 having a pointed front section, with the body consisting of a tip 2, a fairing 3, an anvil 4 secured to body 1, and a cylinder 5.
  • a striker 6 Located inside the cylinder 5 is a striker 6.
  • the tip 2 of the body 1 is provided with an inner space 2a and disposed between the inner surface of the cylinder 5 and the outer surface of the striker 6 is a front chamber 7 of variable volume, and the chamber 7 through air channels 8 in the anvil 4, communicates with the space 20.
  • the chamber 7 and the space 2a constitute a single pressure chamber.
  • a space 9 of variable volume Inside the tail section of the striker 6 is provided a space 9 of variable volume, and stepped air supply sleeve 10 is inserted into the space 9, with the space 9 defining the rear pressure chamber of the mechanism.
  • the walls of the striker 6 are formed with ports 11 to provide communication between the single front chamber 2a, 7, 8 and the rear pressure chamber 9.
  • the stepped sleeve 10 is attached to the tail of the cylinder 5 by means of a flexible coupling 12 and a nut 13.
  • the coupling 12 has channels 14 to exhaust the return air to the atmosphere.
  • hose 15 Secured to the rear end of the sleeve 10 is a hose 15 within the sleeve 10 is a channel 16 to supply air to the pressure chambers 2a, 7, 8, and 9. i
  • the mechanism operates as follows:
  • the striker 6 After its impact against the anvil 4, the striker 6 under the effect of the rebound and the force produced by air pressure in the single front chamber 2a, '7, 8 starts moving back. In the further movement of the striker 6, the ports 11 are closed by the side surface of the sleeve 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

A self-propelled air-punching mechanism for making holes in soil by its compaction, in which a hollow body is provided with a pointed head section with a striker being located within the body and forming therewith front and rear pressure chambers, and the front chamber communicating with an additional space within the pointed head section of the body, thus raising the impact power of the mechanism.

Description

United States Patent 1 1 Nazarov et al. 1 Jan. 2, 1973 {54] SELF-PROPELLED AIR-PUNCHING [56 References Cited MECHANISM UNITED STATES PATENTS Inventors 2:32: g lfs 'x g g f amfi 3,137,483 6/1964 Zinkiewicz ..17s/137 3,410,354 11/1968 Sudnishnikov et al. ..173/ vasmevich Suduishnikwi 1 665 046 4/1928 Tucker 113/137 Dmitrievich Kostylev; Konstantin Stepanovich Gurkov; Konstantin FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLlCATlONS Konstantinovich Tupitsyn all of Novosibirsk USS-R. 422,967 2/1911 France ..175/19 [73] Assignee: Institut Gornogo Dela Sibirskogo Ot- Primary Examiner-Marvin A. Champion delenia Akademii Nauk SSSR, Assistant Examiner-Lawrence J. Staab Krasny Prospekt, Novosibirsk, Attorney-4101mm & Stern USSR. [22] Filed: Dec. 30, 1970 [57] ABSTRACT A self-propelled air-punching mechanism for making [21] Appl' 102672 holes in soil by its compaction, in which a hollow body is provided with a pointed head section with a striker [52] U.S. Cl ..l75/ l9, 173/137 being located within the body and forming therewith [51] Int. Cl. ..E2lb 11/02 from and rear p s chambers. and the from [58] Field of Search ..173/ 135, 137; 175/19, 92 Chamber munic ing wi h n addition l pa within the pointed head section of the body, thus raising the impact power of the mechanism.
1 Claim, 1 Drawing Figure SELF-PROPELLED AIR-PUNCIIING MECHANISM BACKGROUND OF INVENTION The present invention relates to self-propelled per-' cussive mechanisms, and more particularly to selfpropelled air-punching mechanisms used for making holes in soil by its compaction.
PRIOR ART Known in the art is a self-propelled air-punching mechanism to make holes in soil by its compaction, comprising a body pointed on one side thereof, and housing a striker forming a front pressure space located between the body and the outer surface of the striker, with such space at regular intervals communicating with the source of compressed air and the atmosphere, and a rear pressure space located inside the striker in the tail section thereof, and permanently communicating with the compressed air source. The striker imparts impacts to the body while reciprocating under the effect of compressed air delivered to the pressure spaces through an air supply sleeve coacting with the striker, and fixed in the tail section of the body.
Practice has proved that this conventional mechanism does not possess sufficient impact power in heavily compactable' soils because of the small volume of the from pressure space.
The object of our invention is to provide a selfpropelled air-punching mechanism which has a higher impact power on the account of an increased volume of the front pressure space, without changing the weight of the mechanism.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Generally there is provided a self-propelled airpunching mechanism to make holes in soil by its compaction, comprising a hollow body having a pointed head section, the body housing a striker defining in the body a front chamber of variable volume, the striker having a tail section in which is provided a rear chamber of variable volume, the striker impacting impacts to the body while being reciprocated therein by compressed air delivered to the chambers through an air supply sleeve located in a rear chamber of the striker, and fixed in the tail section of the body. According to the invention, within the pointed head sec tion of the body is provided a space which communicates with the front chamber of variable volume through channels formed in the body.
The increase of the front chambers volume in the present mechanism by making the inner space in the pointed head section of the body raises the impact power of the striker without any deterioration of the operational qualities of the mechanism.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The self-propelled punching mechanism shown in the drawing comprises a body 1 having a pointed front section, with the body consisting of a tip 2, a fairing 3, an anvil 4 secured to body 1, and a cylinder 5.
Located inside the cylinder 5 is a striker 6. The tip 2 of the body 1 is provided with an inner space 2a and disposed between the inner surface of the cylinder 5 and the outer surface of the striker 6 is a front chamber 7 of variable volume, and the chamber 7 through air channels 8 in the anvil 4, communicates with the space 20. The chamber 7 and the space 2a constitute a single pressure chamber.
Inside the tail section of the striker 6 is provided a space 9 of variable volume, and stepped air supply sleeve 10 is inserted into the space 9, with the space 9 defining the rear pressure chamber of the mechanism.
The walls of the striker 6 are formed with ports 11 to provide communication between the single front chamber 2a, 7, 8 and the rear pressure chamber 9. The stepped sleeve 10 is attached to the tail of the cylinder 5 by means of a flexible coupling 12 and a nut 13. The coupling 12 has channels 14 to exhaust the return air to the atmosphere.
Secured to the rear end of the sleeve 10 is a hose 15 within the sleeve 10 is a channel 16 to supply air to the pressure chambers 2a, 7, 8, and 9. i
The mechanism operates as follows:
When compressed air is fed from its source through the hose l5 and the channel 16 into the chamber 9, the striker 6 starts moving inside the body 1 toward the anvil 4, and deliversan impact with the body I thus moving forward.
At the end of the direct stroke of the striker 6, the
' ports 11 coincide with the rear pressure chamber 9,
Location of the additional volume of the front chamber in the head section permits imparting to the head of the body, without increasing its weight, a more tapered shape which facilitates the process of entry into the soil.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TI-IE DRAWINGS and thus connect the single front pressure chamber 2a, 7, 8 through the chamber 9, the channel .16, and the hose 15, with the source of compressed air.
After its impact against the anvil 4, the striker 6 under the effect of the rebound and the force produced by air pressure in the single front chamber 2a, '7, 8 starts moving back. In the further movement of the striker 6, the ports 11 are closed by the side surface of the sleeve 10.
In the single front pressure chamber 2a, 7, 8, the air expands, thus further moving striker 6a reverse direction. Hence, the striker 6 overcomes the resistance of compressed air in the chamber 9 which is permanently connected with the compressed air source.
The enlargement of the volume of the single front chamber 20, 7, 8 due to the additional space 2a inside the tip 2 increases the impact energy of the striker.
At the end of the back stroke of the striker 6, its ports 11 having passed the larger diameter step of the sleeve 10 will provide communication between the chamber 2a, 7, 8 and the atmosphere through the chan- I nels 14 of the coupling 12.
The air is exhausted, and the cycle is then resumed. The tests of the mechanism made according to the invention, having the same weight as the conventional mechanism, and a life time of 500-600 hours, proved that its impact energy exceeds that of the conventional mechanism 1.5 times, and equals 45 kgm. At the same said striker having a tail section having openings in the side wall and a cavity, an air-passing sleeve slidably mounted in the cavity, said sleeve and cavity defining a rear chamber of variable volume which is permanently connected to a compressed air source and which, upon interaction with said striker, supplies air into said chambers and into the inner space and passages in the pointed head section of the body, as a result of which the striker moves reciprocally and imparts impacts to said body.

Claims (1)

1. A self-propelled air punching mechanism to make holes in soil by its compaction, comprising: a hollow cylindrical body having a pointed head section, said head section having an inner space and passages, a striker located within said body and defining with the inner surface of the body a front chamber of variable volume, said front chamber communicating periodically with a compressed air source and atmosphere, said striker haVing a tail section having openings in the side wall and a cavity, an air-passing sleeve slidably mounted in the cavity, said sleeve and cavity defining a rear chamber of variable volume which is permanently connected to a compressed air source and which, upon interaction with said striker, supplies air into said chambers and into the inner space and passages in the pointed head section of the body, as a result of which the striker moves reciprocally and imparts impacts to said body.
US00102672A 1970-12-30 1970-12-30 Self-propelled air-punching mechanism Expired - Lifetime US3708023A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10267270A 1970-12-30 1970-12-30

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US (1) US3708023A (en)
AU (1) AU425300B2 (en)
BE (1) BE762246A (en)
DE (1) DE2064691C3 (en)
FR (1) FR2123864A5 (en)
GB (1) GB1307491A (en)
NL (1) NL144355B (en)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4133395A (en) * 1976-07-09 1979-01-09 Paul Schmidt Earth boring assembly with drag pipe
US4135588A (en) * 1977-11-21 1979-01-23 Schreves, Inc. Boring and compacting tool
US4785898A (en) * 1986-04-30 1988-11-22 Institut Gornogo Dela So An Sssr Device for making holes in soil
US4872516A (en) * 1985-11-27 1989-10-10 Oklahoma Airrow, Inc. Air driven impact operated ground piercing tool
EP0362481A2 (en) * 1988-10-05 1990-04-11 Schmidt, Paul, Dipl.-Ing. Boring ram
US5031706A (en) * 1990-02-07 1991-07-16 Mbs Advanced Engineering Systems Pneumopercussive soil penetrating machine
US5117922A (en) * 1990-06-20 1992-06-02 Allied Steel & Tractor Products, Inc. Isolator assembly for a pneumatic underground piercing tool
US5226487A (en) * 1990-02-07 1993-07-13 Mbs Advanced Engineering Systems Pneumopercussive machine
US5311950A (en) * 1993-04-19 1994-05-17 Spektor Michael B Differential pneumopercussive reversible self-propelled soil penetrating machine
US5467831A (en) * 1994-08-22 1995-11-21 Spektor; Michael B. Monotube differential pneumopercussive reversible self-propelled soil penetrating machine with stabilizers
US20060096769A1 (en) * 2004-11-08 2006-05-11 Randa Mark D Pneumatic ground piercing tool
US20060207794A1 (en) * 2005-03-16 2006-09-21 Spektor Engineering Inc. Reversible penetrating machine with a springless pneumatically loaded differential air distributing mechanism
US20090211812A1 (en) * 2004-07-06 2009-08-27 Tracto-Technik Gmbh Boring head method and boring head for a ground boring device
US8256539B2 (en) 2009-07-30 2012-09-04 Louisiana Tech University Research Foundation Steerable ground piercing tools

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2523170A1 (en) * 1982-03-09 1983-09-16 Inst Gornogo Dela Sibirskogo O Well sinking appts. with tail-piece connector - for percussion unit having passages for receiving rope ends attached to extractor tool
FR1094604A (en) * 1982-03-10 1955-05-23
GB8325378D0 (en) * 1983-09-22 1983-10-26 Kayes Eng Ltd Impact-action self-propelled mechanism
ATE47552T1 (en) * 1984-12-07 1989-11-15 Friedhelm Schwarz HYDRAULIC IMPACT TOOL.
AU650446B2 (en) * 1990-03-02 1994-06-23 Desinsectisation Moderne Self propelled probe, particularly for penetrating a powdered material

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR422967A (en) * 1910-02-02 1911-04-04 Andre Blavinhac Land drilling by direct percussion and combined casing
US1665046A (en) * 1924-10-29 1928-04-03 Ralph H Tucker Pneumatic hammer
US3137483A (en) * 1958-01-24 1964-06-16 Zinkiewicz Wiktor Ground burrowing device
US3410354A (en) * 1966-09-16 1968-11-12 Boris Vasilievich Sudnishnikov Impact device for driving horizontal holes in soft ground

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR422967A (en) * 1910-02-02 1911-04-04 Andre Blavinhac Land drilling by direct percussion and combined casing
US1665046A (en) * 1924-10-29 1928-04-03 Ralph H Tucker Pneumatic hammer
US3137483A (en) * 1958-01-24 1964-06-16 Zinkiewicz Wiktor Ground burrowing device
US3410354A (en) * 1966-09-16 1968-11-12 Boris Vasilievich Sudnishnikov Impact device for driving horizontal holes in soft ground

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4133395A (en) * 1976-07-09 1979-01-09 Paul Schmidt Earth boring assembly with drag pipe
US4135588A (en) * 1977-11-21 1979-01-23 Schreves, Inc. Boring and compacting tool
US4872516A (en) * 1985-11-27 1989-10-10 Oklahoma Airrow, Inc. Air driven impact operated ground piercing tool
US4785898A (en) * 1986-04-30 1988-11-22 Institut Gornogo Dela So An Sssr Device for making holes in soil
EP0362481A2 (en) * 1988-10-05 1990-04-11 Schmidt, Paul, Dipl.-Ing. Boring ram
EP0362481A3 (en) * 1988-10-05 1991-01-30 Schmidt, Paul, Dipl.-Ing. Boring ram
US5031706A (en) * 1990-02-07 1991-07-16 Mbs Advanced Engineering Systems Pneumopercussive soil penetrating machine
US5226487A (en) * 1990-02-07 1993-07-13 Mbs Advanced Engineering Systems Pneumopercussive machine
US5117922A (en) * 1990-06-20 1992-06-02 Allied Steel & Tractor Products, Inc. Isolator assembly for a pneumatic underground piercing tool
US5311950A (en) * 1993-04-19 1994-05-17 Spektor Michael B Differential pneumopercussive reversible self-propelled soil penetrating machine
US5467831A (en) * 1994-08-22 1995-11-21 Spektor; Michael B. Monotube differential pneumopercussive reversible self-propelled soil penetrating machine with stabilizers
US20090211812A1 (en) * 2004-07-06 2009-08-27 Tracto-Technik Gmbh Boring head method and boring head for a ground boring device
US7938205B2 (en) * 2004-07-06 2011-05-10 Tracto-Technik Gmbh Boring head method and boring head for a ground boring device
US20060096769A1 (en) * 2004-11-08 2006-05-11 Randa Mark D Pneumatic ground piercing tool
GB2420735A (en) * 2004-11-08 2006-06-07 Earth Tool Co Llc Pneumatic ground piercing tool
US7066279B2 (en) 2004-11-08 2006-06-27 Earth Tool Company, L.L.C. Pneumatic ground piercing tool
US20060207794A1 (en) * 2005-03-16 2006-09-21 Spektor Engineering Inc. Reversible penetrating machine with a springless pneumatically loaded differential air distributing mechanism
US7273113B2 (en) 2005-03-16 2007-09-25 Spektor Michael B Reversible penetrating machine with a differential air distributing mechanism
US8256539B2 (en) 2009-07-30 2012-09-04 Louisiana Tech University Research Foundation Steerable ground piercing tools
US8511403B2 (en) 2009-07-30 2013-08-20 Louisiana Tech University Research Foundation Steerable ground piercing tools

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2123864A5 (en) 1972-09-15
DE2064691B2 (en) 1973-07-26
AU425300B2 (en) 1972-06-12
DE2064691C3 (en) 1974-02-28
DE2064691A1 (en) 1972-07-13
NL7100185A (en) 1972-07-11
BE762246A (en) 1971-07-29
NL144355B (en) 1974-12-16
AU2410171A (en) 1972-07-06
GB1307491A (en) 1973-02-21

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