US3750582A - Projectile with differential tandem shaped charges - Google Patents
Projectile with differential tandem shaped charges Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3750582A US3750582A US00177736A US3750582DA US3750582A US 3750582 A US3750582 A US 3750582A US 00177736 A US00177736 A US 00177736A US 3750582D A US3750582D A US 3750582DA US 3750582 A US3750582 A US 3750582A
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- Prior art keywords
- charge
- projectile
- disc
- liner
- jet
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
- F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
- F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
- F42B12/18—Hollow charges in tandem arrangement
Definitions
- a projectile utilizing tandem shaped charges is produced, said projectile having superior armor penetration power than previous shape charge projectiles.
- ABSTRACT The invention described herein may be manufactured, used and licensed by or for the Government for govermental purposes without the payment to us of any royalties thereon.
- the detonation wave passes over the metal liner causing the liner to collapse upon itself.
- the collapsing liner material reaches the axis of the system, it divides into two parts. A small part forms an extremely high-velocity jet and the other part forms a slower but more massive slug.
- the high velocity jet is responsible for the relatively deep penetration achieved by the shaped charge.
- the tip of the jet attains a velocity of about 25,000 feet/sec. and the rear portions of the jet attain velocities of nearly 5,000 feet/sec.
- This velocity difference within the jet is a result of the physical characteristics of most shaped charges.
- the ratio of the explosive charge to the liner mass is relatively large.
- the mass of the liner increases while the amount of ex-- plosive available to move it decreases.
- the ratio goes to zero at the base of the liner because there is no explosive at the base. Therefore, the various portions of the liner reach the axis at progressively lower velocities and generate a jet having a velocity gradient along its length.
- An important object of this invention is to increase the efficiency of shape charge projectiles by introducing a follow-through charge in the jet hole formed by the initial charge.
- a further object of this invention is to increase the area of damage in a target by introducing a secondary explosive force through a jet hole made by the initial shape charge in the projectile.
- the present invention involves the use of two shape charges in one projectile.
- the first shape charge upon initiation will form the aforementioned jet which proceeds through a small central hole in a perforated disc, said disc separating the two charges.
- the slower and later formed slug of the initial change will be impeded by the separating disc causing formation of a shock wave sufficient to detonate the second shape charge.
- the second shape charge is chosen from explosives having explosive velocities greater than those of the first shape charge such that the jet created by the second charge will precede the slower slug of the first charge and enhance the penetration caused by the jet of the first charge.
- FIG. l is a sectional view of such a tandem shape charge system.
- FIG. 2 presents a frontal view of the perforated disc used to separate the charges.
- a projectile container 1 is shown in FIG. 1 and therein an initial shape charge 6 having a conical liner 7'.
- the projectile container may be made of a low carbon steel or other fragmentation metals.
- the shape charge 6 is preferably conical in shape although it may also be fluted.
- the metallic linerfor the above shape charge may be any material designed to increase the depth of shape charge penetration e.g. copper, aluminum, antimony or alloys of the above and the liner configuration is chosen to conform to the particular shape charge used.
- a conical shape charge and liner with an angle of 42 is preferable.
- the explosive for the shape charge may be any noninitiating high explosive known to the art such as ali' phatic, aromatic and heterocyclic nitrates, nitrocompounds and nitramines, binary explosives (mixtures of 2&6 trinitrotoluene and a second explosive such as cyclotrimethylene trinitramine), and plastisol explosives such as PBX percent cyclotrimethylene trinitramine, 8.5 percent polystyrene and 1.5 percent dioctylphthelate).
- noninitiating high explosive known to the art such as ali' phatic, aromatic and heterocyclic nitrates, nitrocompounds and nitramines, binary explosives (mixtures of 2&6 trinitrotoluene and a second explosive such as cyclotrimethylene trinitramine), and plastisol explosives such as PBX percent cyclotrimethylene trinitramine, 8.5 percent polystyrene and 1.5 percent
- the disc 4 may be made of reinforced fiberglass or various metals such as steel, copper and alloys thereof.
- the disc is approximately 1/8 1/4 inches thick and is perforated as shown in FIG. 2.
- the free space 8 or aperture in the center of the disc is so calculated in size as to allow the jet, formed by the initial shape charge detonation, to pass through unhampered while retarding any slug formed by the initial shape charge and liner particles.
- the initial shape charger 6 is positioned in the projectile such that the distance between 4 and 5 shown in FIG. 11 is about 1-1 1/2 cone diameters. This distance provides a sufficient stand-off between the initial shape charge and the projectile nose such that optimum effectiveness can be attained from the initial shape charge detonation.
- Initiation of shape charge 6 is accomplished by initial detonating agents such as lead azide, mercury fulmimate and diazodinitrophenol. These detonating agents are in turn initiated by piezoelectric or base fuzing techniques known to the art.
- the secondary shape charge 3 and shape charge liner 7 may be conical, fluted or hemispherical (as shown in FIG. 1) in configuration.
- the liner material may be copper, aluminum, antimony, or alloys thereof.
- the shape charge explosive as in the initial shape charge may be an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic nitrate, nitro compound, or nitra- 3 mine, a binary explosive, or a plastic explosive provided that the explosive chosen must have a greater detonation rate than the explosive chosen for the initial charge and secondly that the explosive is susceptible to shock wave detonation.
- the standoff distance between the secondary shape charge and the projectile nose is about 34 cone diameters. This distance will allow sufficient time for initiation and jet formation of the secondary charge. Initiation of the secondary charge is accomplished by the shock wave formed when the slug from the initial shape charge impacts with the disc which divides the two charges.
- the perforations in the disc as shown in FIG. 2 allow for extrusion of the slug such that a near planar shock wave is produced which will not cause excessive breakup of the secondary charge while initiating it.
- the second charge when detonated will form a jet that will penetrate and enhance the perforation of the target already accomplished by the jet of the initial charge.
- a projectile comprising:
- a hollow shell having longitudinally disposed therein a pair of spaced apart shaped charges each provided with an abutting forward liner and having a rearwardly convergent configuration, wherein the forward shaped charge possesses a greater explosion velocity than the rear shaped charge and is susceptible to shock wave detonation from the rear shaped charge,
- the projectile of claim 1 wherein the 'disc is a material selected from the group consisting of steel, copper, alloys of steel, alloys of copper and reinforced fiberglass.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
A projectile utilizing tandem shaped charges is produced, said projectile having superior armor penetration power than previous shape charge projectiles. The invention described herein may be manufactured, used and licensed by or for the Government for govermental purposes without the payment to us of any royalties thereon.
Description
United States Patent 1 [111 3,750,582
Kintish et a1. Aug. 7, 1973 [54] PROJECTILE WITH DIFFERENTIAL 3,416,449 12/1968 Brothers 102/24 HC TANDEM SHAPED CIHIARGIE Inventors: Irving 1L. Kintislh; Irwin Mlarcns,
both of Rockaway, NJ.
The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army, Washington, DC.
Filed: Sept. 3, 1971 Appl. No.: 177,736
Assignee:
US. Cl. 102/56, 102/24 HC Int. Cl. 1 421) 13/10 Field of Search 102/24 HC, 56
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 11/1965 Robinson, Jr. et a1 102/24 HC FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 341,743 10/1959 Switzerland i. 102/24 HC Primary Examiner-Verlin R. Pendegrass Attorney-I-Iarry M. Saragovitz, Edward J. Kelly etal.
A projectile utilizing tandem shaped charges is produced, said projectile having superior armor penetration power than previous shape charge projectiles.
ABSTRACT The invention described herein may be manufactured, used and licensed by or for the Government for govermental purposes without the payment to us of any royalties thereon.
4 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures PAH-INTEL] AUG 'IISH 3 75Q,582
FIG. I
INVENTORS IRVING L. KINTISH BY IRWIN MARCUS Z/u/V? 711.- I away-W1 Mal/M wfywm m PROJECTIILE WlITlil DIFFERENTIIAL TANDEM SHAPED ClliiAlltGllEfi DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTlON In the projectile explosive art it has been found that the armor piercing ability of a given quantity of explosive charge may be optimized by forming the forward portion of the charge with an appropriate configura' tion. Such charges are generally referred to as shaped charges, and their armor piercing effectiveness results from providing that shape in the front of the charge which affords the greatest directivity and concentration ofexplosive force in a localized area. A particularly effective configuration for such shaped charges is that obtained by forming a conical cavity or recess in the forward end of the charge and lining the cavity with some material e.g. copper.
When the end of the explosive charge opposite the liner is initiated, the detonation wave passes over the metal liner causing the liner to collapse upon itself. When the collapsing liner material reaches the axis of the system, it divides into two parts. A small part forms an extremely high-velocity jet and the other part forms a slower but more massive slug.
The high velocity jet is responsible for the relatively deep penetration achieved by the shaped charge. The tip of the jet attains a velocity of about 25,000 feet/sec. and the rear portions of the jet attain velocities of nearly 5,000 feet/sec. This velocity difference within the jet is a result of the physical characteristics of most shaped charges. At the apex of the cone, the ratio of the explosive charge to the liner mass is relatively large. However, as the detonation progresses down the liner, the mass of the liner increases while the amount of ex-- plosive available to move it decreases. The ratio goes to zero at the base of the liner because there is no explosive at the base. Therefore, the various portions of the liner reach the axis at progressively lower velocities and generate a jet having a velocity gradient along its length.
Because the jet impacts a target at such high velocities, an exceedingly high pressure is generated. Typically, this pressure is about 4 X psi. The high pressure causes both the jet and the target to deform hydrodynamically. The jet moves the target material radially and flows with it. Penetration continues in this manner until the jet is used up or until the jet decreases to some critical value. Until our invention, penetration of armor by a high velocity jet was limited by the above mentioned forces to approximately 10-12 inches.
An important object of this invention is to increase the efficiency of shape charge projectiles by introducing a follow-through charge in the jet hole formed by the initial charge.
A further object of this invention is to increase the area of damage in a target by introducing a secondary explosive force through a jet hole made by the initial shape charge in the projectile.
Many other objects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will be readily appreciated as the same become better understood by reference to the following detailed description.
The present invention involves the use of two shape charges in one projectile. The first shape charge upon initiation will form the aforementioned jet which proceeds through a small central hole in a perforated disc, said disc separating the two charges. The slower and later formed slug of the initial change will be impeded by the separating disc causing formation of a shock wave sufficient to detonate the second shape charge. The second shape charge is chosen from explosives having explosive velocities greater than those of the first shape charge such that the jet created by the second charge will precede the slower slug of the first charge and enhance the penetration caused by the jet of the first charge.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. l is a sectional view of such a tandem shape charge system.
FIG. 2 presents a frontal view of the perforated disc used to separate the charges.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring now more particularly to the drawings, a projectile container 1 is shown in FIG. 1 and therein an initial shape charge 6 having a conical liner 7'. The projectile container may be made ofa low carbon steel or other fragmentation metals. The shape charge 6 is preferably conical in shape although it may also be fluted. The metallic linerfor the above shape charge may be any material designed to increase the depth of shape charge penetration e.g. copper, aluminum, antimony or alloys of the above and the liner configuration is chosen to conform to the particular shape charge used. A conical shape charge and liner with an angle of 42 is preferable.
The explosive for the shape charge may be any noninitiating high explosive known to the art such as ali' phatic, aromatic and heterocyclic nitrates, nitrocompounds and nitramines, binary explosives (mixtures of 2&6 trinitrotoluene and a second explosive such as cyclotrimethylene trinitramine), and plastisol explosives such as PBX percent cyclotrimethylene trinitramine, 8.5 percent polystyrene and 1.5 percent dioctylphthelate).
The disc 4 may be made of reinforced fiberglass or various metals such as steel, copper and alloys thereof. The disc is approximately 1/8 1/4 inches thick and is perforated as shown in FIG. 2. The free space 8 or aperture in the center of the disc is so calculated in size as to allow the jet, formed by the initial shape charge detonation, to pass through unhampered while retarding any slug formed by the initial shape charge and liner particles.
The initial shape charger 6 is positioned in the projectile such that the distance between 4 and 5 shown in FIG. 11 is about 1-1 1/2 cone diameters. This distance provides a sufficient stand-off between the initial shape charge and the projectile nose such that optimum effectiveness can be attained from the initial shape charge detonation.
Initiation of shape charge 6 is accomplished by initial detonating agents such as lead azide, mercury fulmimate and diazodinitrophenol. These detonating agents are in turn initiated by piezoelectric or base fuzing techniques known to the art.
The secondary shape charge 3 and shape charge liner 7 may be conical, fluted or hemispherical (as shown in FIG. 1) in configuration. As in the initial shape charge system the liner material may be copper, aluminum, antimony, or alloys thereof. The shape charge explosive as in the initial shape charge may be an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic nitrate, nitro compound, or nitra- 3 mine, a binary explosive, or a plastic explosive provided that the explosive chosen must have a greater detonation rate than the explosive chosen for the initial charge and secondly that the explosive is susceptible to shock wave detonation.
The standoff distance between the secondary shape charge and the projectile nose is about 34 cone diameters. This distance will allow sufficient time for initiation and jet formation of the secondary charge. Initiation of the secondary charge is accomplished by the shock wave formed when the slug from the initial shape charge impacts with the disc which divides the two charges. The perforations in the disc as shown in FIG. 2 allow for extrusion of the slug such that a near planar shock wave is produced which will not cause excessive breakup of the secondary charge while initiating it.
The second charge when detonated will form a jet that will penetrate and enhance the perforation of the target already accomplished by the jet of the initial charge.
Thusly through the practice of our invention a projectile is produced which has greater perforation power and which is more efficient than previous shape charge projectiles.
We wish it to be understood that we do not desire to be limited to the exact detail of construction shown and described for obvious modification will occur to a person skilled in the art.
We claim:
1. A projectile comprising:
a hollow shell having longitudinally disposed therein a pair of spaced apart shaped charges each provided with an abutting forward liner and having a rearwardly convergent configuration, wherein the forward shaped charge possesses a greater explosion velocity than the rear shaped charge and is susceptible to shock wave detonation from the rear shaped charge,
means for initiating the rear shaped charge explosive,
a disc adjacent the rear end of the forward charge having a central aperture which is smaller than the slug from the rear charge, said forward charge and liner being provided with coaxial openings therethrough which are aligned with said aperture,
whereby when the rear charge is detonated and a jet and slug are formed therefrom, the central aperture and openings allow passage of the jet while the disc retards passage of the slug and thereby imparts a shock wave which detonates the forward shape charge.
2. The projectile of claim 1 wherein the distance between the disc and the liner of the rear charge is between 1 and 1.5 shape charge diameters, I
3. The projectile of claim 1 wherein the 'disc is a material selected from the group consisting of steel, copper, alloys of steel, alloys of copper and reinforced fiberglass.
4. The projectile of claim 1, wherein the disc is provided with a plurality of openings therethrough in addition to said central aperture.
Claims (4)
1. A projectile comprising: a hollow shell having longitudinally disposed therein a pair of spaced apart shaped charges each provided with an abutting forward liner and having a rearwardly convergent configuration, wherein the forward shaped charge possesses a greater explosion velocity than the rear shaped charge and is susceptible to shock wave detonation from the rear shaped charge, means for initiating the rear shaped charge explosive, a disc adjacent the rear end of the forward charge having a central aperture which is smaller than the slug from the rear charge, said forward charge and liner being provided with coaxial openings therethrough which are aligned with said aperture, whereby when the rear charge is detonated and a jet and slug are formed therefrom, the central aperture and openings allow passage of the jet while the disc retards passage of the slug and thereby imparts a shock wave which detonates the forward shape charge.
2. The projectile of claim 1 wherein the distance between the disc and the liner of the rear charge is between 1 and 1.5 shape charge diameters.
3. The projectile of claim 1 wherein the disc is a material selected from the group consisting of steel, copper, alloys of steel, alloys of copper and reinforced fiberglass.
4. The projectile of claim 1, wherein the disc is provided with a plurality of openings therethrough in addition to said central aperture.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US17773671A | 1971-09-03 | 1971-09-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3750582A true US3750582A (en) | 1973-08-07 |
Family
ID=22649787
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00177736A Expired - Lifetime US3750582A (en) | 1971-09-03 | 1971-09-03 | Projectile with differential tandem shaped charges |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3750582A (en) |
Cited By (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4102271A (en) * | 1976-02-12 | 1978-07-25 | Rheinmetall Gmbh. | Armor-piercing tandem shell or projectile |
| FR2445945A1 (en) * | 1979-01-05 | 1980-08-01 | Luchaire Sa | IMPROVEMENTS TO TANDEM HOLLOW LOADS |
| US4327642A (en) * | 1979-02-03 | 1982-05-04 | Diehl Gmbh & Co. | Inserts for cutting charges |
| US4466353A (en) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-08-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | High velocity jet shaped charge |
| GB2138111A (en) * | 1981-04-29 | 1984-10-17 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Initiating explosive charges |
| US4494459A (en) * | 1980-09-05 | 1985-01-22 | General Electric Company | Explosive projectile |
| US4497253A (en) * | 1980-02-05 | 1985-02-05 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Armor-piercing projectile |
| FR2577037A1 (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1986-08-08 | France Etat Armement | MILITARY HEAD WITH TANDEM MOUNTED LOADS |
| US4714022A (en) * | 1984-09-05 | 1987-12-22 | Etat Francais | Warhead with tandem shaped charges |
| US4833994A (en) * | 1988-01-14 | 1989-05-30 | Honeywell, Inc. | Dual purpose explosive lead for a projectile having a shaped charge warhead |
| US4848238A (en) * | 1986-01-21 | 1989-07-18 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Active element for combating, in particular, active armored targets |
| DE3835147A1 (en) * | 1988-10-15 | 1990-04-26 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Projectile-forming ammunition |
| DE3923075A1 (en) * | 1989-07-13 | 1991-01-17 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Plug following molten metal jet from hollow charge - is sepd. by explosive plate ignited by arriving jet |
| US4989517A (en) * | 1982-03-29 | 1991-02-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Tandem bomblet |
| GB2239694A (en) * | 1978-04-17 | 1991-07-10 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Tandem armour piercing hollow charge |
| US5223666A (en) * | 1992-06-04 | 1993-06-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Apparatus for clearing mines |
| US5394804A (en) * | 1988-11-15 | 1995-03-07 | Thomson-Brandt Armements | Explosive device with a hollow charge, designed for penetrating armor protected by active primary armor |
| US5522319A (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1996-06-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Free form hemispherical shaped charge |
| US6186070B1 (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2001-02-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Combined effects warheads |
| EP1087203A1 (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2001-03-28 | Bofors Carl Gustaf AB | Method for a multiple hollow charge and a multiple hollow charge for implementing the method |
| US20050114954A1 (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2005-05-26 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Hybrid maize 32R38 |
| US6910421B1 (en) * | 1992-12-08 | 2005-06-28 | Bae Systems Plc | General purpose bombs |
| EP1832838A1 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-12 | Saab AB | A method for reducing the amount of ammunition types to be used and an ammunition device |
| US20070214991A1 (en) * | 2003-06-04 | 2007-09-20 | Bofors Defence Ab | Device Adjacent to an Explosive Charge with at Least Two Liners |
| US20070245940A1 (en) * | 2006-04-13 | 2007-10-25 | Vsm Group Ab | Method and device for sewing machine |
| US20080134925A1 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2008-06-12 | Pieter Johann Konig | Shaped Charge Assembly and Method of Damaging a Target |
| US7493861B1 (en) | 1989-07-24 | 2009-02-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Tandem shaped charge warhead having a confined forward charge and a light-weight blast shield |
| US9476682B1 (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 2016-10-25 | Qinetiq Limited | Multi-charge munitions, incorporating hole-boring charge assemblies |
| US10365073B1 (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2019-07-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Extraction charge for underground threats |
| US10753712B1 (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2020-08-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Extraction system for underground threats |
| US11662185B2 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2023-05-30 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Amorphous shaped charge component and manufacture |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH341743A (en) * | 1956-03-08 | 1959-10-15 | Somville Charles | Explosive shaped charge projectile |
| US3215074A (en) * | 1963-06-13 | 1965-11-02 | Exxon Production Research Co | Apparatus for well drilling operations with explosives |
| US3416449A (en) * | 1966-12-07 | 1968-12-17 | Army Usa | Tandem effect anti-tank projectile |
-
1971
- 1971-09-03 US US00177736A patent/US3750582A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH341743A (en) * | 1956-03-08 | 1959-10-15 | Somville Charles | Explosive shaped charge projectile |
| US3215074A (en) * | 1963-06-13 | 1965-11-02 | Exxon Production Research Co | Apparatus for well drilling operations with explosives |
| US3416449A (en) * | 1966-12-07 | 1968-12-17 | Army Usa | Tandem effect anti-tank projectile |
Cited By (38)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4102271A (en) * | 1976-02-12 | 1978-07-25 | Rheinmetall Gmbh. | Armor-piercing tandem shell or projectile |
| GB2239694A (en) * | 1978-04-17 | 1991-07-10 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Tandem armour piercing hollow charge |
| GB2239694B (en) * | 1978-04-17 | 1992-08-19 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Tandem armour piercing hollow-charge |
| FR2445945A1 (en) * | 1979-01-05 | 1980-08-01 | Luchaire Sa | IMPROVEMENTS TO TANDEM HOLLOW LOADS |
| US4327642A (en) * | 1979-02-03 | 1982-05-04 | Diehl Gmbh & Co. | Inserts for cutting charges |
| US4497253A (en) * | 1980-02-05 | 1985-02-05 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Armor-piercing projectile |
| US4494459A (en) * | 1980-09-05 | 1985-01-22 | General Electric Company | Explosive projectile |
| GB2138111A (en) * | 1981-04-29 | 1984-10-17 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Initiating explosive charges |
| US4989517A (en) * | 1982-03-29 | 1991-02-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Tandem bomblet |
| US4466353A (en) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-08-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | High velocity jet shaped charge |
| US4714022A (en) * | 1984-09-05 | 1987-12-22 | Etat Francais | Warhead with tandem shaped charges |
| EP0193427A1 (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1986-09-03 | ETAT-FRANCAIS représenté par le DELEGUE GENERAL POUR L'ARMEMENT (DPAG) | Warhead with shaped charges arranged in tandem |
| FR2577037A1 (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1986-08-08 | France Etat Armement | MILITARY HEAD WITH TANDEM MOUNTED LOADS |
| US4848238A (en) * | 1986-01-21 | 1989-07-18 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Active element for combating, in particular, active armored targets |
| US4833994A (en) * | 1988-01-14 | 1989-05-30 | Honeywell, Inc. | Dual purpose explosive lead for a projectile having a shaped charge warhead |
| DE3835147A1 (en) * | 1988-10-15 | 1990-04-26 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Projectile-forming ammunition |
| US5394804A (en) * | 1988-11-15 | 1995-03-07 | Thomson-Brandt Armements | Explosive device with a hollow charge, designed for penetrating armor protected by active primary armor |
| US9605935B1 (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 2017-03-28 | Qinetiq Limited | Multi-charge munitions, incorporating hole-boring charge assemblies |
| US9476682B1 (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 2016-10-25 | Qinetiq Limited | Multi-charge munitions, incorporating hole-boring charge assemblies |
| DE3923075A1 (en) * | 1989-07-13 | 1991-01-17 | Diehl Gmbh & Co | Plug following molten metal jet from hollow charge - is sepd. by explosive plate ignited by arriving jet |
| US7493861B1 (en) | 1989-07-24 | 2009-02-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Tandem shaped charge warhead having a confined forward charge and a light-weight blast shield |
| US5223666A (en) * | 1992-06-04 | 1993-06-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Apparatus for clearing mines |
| US6910421B1 (en) * | 1992-12-08 | 2005-06-28 | Bae Systems Plc | General purpose bombs |
| US5522319A (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1996-06-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Free form hemispherical shaped charge |
| US6186070B1 (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2001-02-13 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Combined effects warheads |
| EP1087203A1 (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 2001-03-28 | Bofors Carl Gustaf AB | Method for a multiple hollow charge and a multiple hollow charge for implementing the method |
| US20070214991A1 (en) * | 2003-06-04 | 2007-09-20 | Bofors Defence Ab | Device Adjacent to an Explosive Charge with at Least Two Liners |
| US7739955B2 (en) * | 2003-06-04 | 2010-06-22 | Bae Systems Bofors Ab | Device adjacent to an explosive charge with at least two liners |
| US20050114954A1 (en) * | 2005-01-31 | 2005-05-26 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Hybrid maize 32R38 |
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