Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

US3284256A - Method of manufacturing a composite, heat-insulating material of the type formed by stacking foils of oxidisable metal - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing a composite, heat-insulating material of the type formed by stacking foils of oxidisable metal Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3284256A
US3284256A US142504A US14250461A US3284256A US 3284256 A US3284256 A US 3284256A US 142504 A US142504 A US 142504A US 14250461 A US14250461 A US 14250461A US 3284256 A US3284256 A US 3284256A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
foils
metal
heat
composite
insulating material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US142504A
Inventor
Alfille Lucien
Darras Raymond
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3284256A publication Critical patent/US3284256A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
    • F16L59/029—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials layered
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/001—Thermal insulation specially adapted for cryogenic vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C11/00—Shielding structurally associated with the reactor
    • G21C11/08—Thermal shields; Thermal linings, i.e. for dissipating heat from gamma radiation which would otherwise heat an outer biological shield ; Thermal insulation
    • G21C11/083—Thermal shields; Thermal linings, i.e. for dissipating heat from gamma radiation which would otherwise heat an outer biological shield ; Thermal insulation consisting of one or more metallic layers
    • G21C11/085—Thermal shields; Thermal linings, i.e. for dissipating heat from gamma radiation which would otherwise heat an outer biological shield ; Thermal insulation consisting of one or more metallic layers consisting exclusively of several metallic layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0345—Fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a composite heat-insulating material of the type formed by the stacking of thin metal foils having at least one of their surfaces covered by a heat insulating substance. It also relates to the product obtained by this method.
  • Heat-insulating materials which may easily be deformed mechanically, are generally in the form of foils, strips, or ribbons within the structure of which there is a heat insulating substance generally in the form of refractory oxides, and a metal constituent giving these materials good mechanical properties.
  • Composite heat-insulating materials are, for example, formed by stacking a variable number of mixed layers, each layer being formed by a metal film having on at least one surface thereof, an insulating film, generally an oxide which is continuous and adheres to the underlying metal. Such materials may be manufactured, for instance, by the anodic oxidation of aluminum or nickel foils.
  • the principal drawback of this method of manufacture is the fact that, when the heat-insulating material is Wound about an object to be covered, a discontinuity in the film of oxide adhering to the metal film is produced because of cracking. This drawback is difiicult to avoid since the manufacture of each mixed layer must be done before the object is covered.
  • Another method of making composite, heat-insulating materials consist in depositing on metal foils, a refractory heat insulating substance in the fibrous or powdery state made into a paste with a binding medium, and then in stacking the foils thus coated and destroying the binding medium and joining the refractory fibres to the metal by raising the temperature.
  • the method of manufacturing a composite heat-insulating material of the aforementioned type consists in taking metal foils of the same type, but of diiferent thicknesses, forming a stack of alternately thick and thin metal foils about the object to be thermally insulated, and oxidising said stack at a high temperature so as to form a layer of refractory oxide between the thick foils by means of the total oxidation of the thin foils.
  • the composite, heat-insulating material obtained by this method is essentially characterised in that the heat insulating layers covering the uncorroded metal portions are constituted by refractory oxides, the metal of which is of the same type as said metal portions.
  • the oxides form a continuous and homogeneous adhesive layer on the surface of the metal portions.
  • the stacking of the different metal foils is always performed before actually heat-treating the foils, thus permitting the composite material to be directly adapted in shape to the objects to be heat-insulated
  • This advantage is particularly important in the case of foil strips or ribbons surrounding the object to be insulated and formed by a number of mixed layers.
  • the invention may also be applied in the case of stacks in the form of plates, which are in principle substantially plane.
  • pressure means are provided for ensuring the coherence of the stacked arrangement before the oxidising treatment.
  • the winding of the strips or ribbons about an object to be insulated is preferably done without covering the dilferent windings by the same ribbon or strip.
  • several windings are made which are superimposed and. are wound alternately in opposite directions.
  • the metal foils which are conductive define isothermal surfaces, which is very favourable for the purpose of improving the heat insulation by avoiding any heterogeneous distribution of temperature at the same level.
  • the metal foils used to form the insulating material may be of any oxidisable material.
  • the insulating material according to the invention may be used under radiation, for example, in nuclear reactors, and the metal foils may therefore be made of a material which is a bad neutron absorber, for example, magnesium, aluminum, or zirconium.
  • the refractory constituents, which are magnesia, alumina and zirconium, are also bad neutron absorbers.
  • this material has an excellent geometrical behaviour under load and temperature, as a result of its mechanical qualities, so that the problem of securing it for example, in nuclear reactors, to pressure tubes thermally insulated from the fuel element guide tube, which is at a high temperature, may easily be solved.
  • the coefiicient of heat conductivity, in the c.g.s. system, is lower than 3l0 cal./cm./a./ C
  • EXAMPLE I magnesium foils having thicknesses of 0.15 mm. .and 0.08 mm. are used. First of all a thick foil is wound around an object to be insulated, then a thin foil, and so on until the desired stack is obtained. The last foil wound has to be a thick foil. Over the outside of this stack is wound a ribbon of zirconium which is welded at the ends, thus forming a reinforcement.
  • the stacked arrangement thus obtained is then subjected to a temperature of 500 C. in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide at a pressure of 60 kg/em. (with natural convection and forced circulation).
  • the thin foils which have a thickness of 0.03 mm., are completely oxidised, whilst the thick foils are only partially oxidised on their two surfaces.
  • a homogeneous layer of magnesium oxide is obtained which i's'continuous, has a thickness in the region of 0.09 mm. and constitutes an excellent refractory heat insulator.
  • EXAMPLE II The conditions are the same as in the foregoing example, but the magnesium is replaced by aluminum; the insulating constituent of the stacked arrangement is then alumina.
  • the foils are made of magnesium, the insulator being magnesia; the thickest foils have a thickness of 0.15 mm., and the thinnest foils have a thickness of 7 mm.
  • the oxidization of these foils is carried out at a temperature of 450 C. under a pressure of 25 kg./cm This last method allows the effects of corrosion on thick foils to be avoided in the case of use of the heat-insulating material in a nuclear reactor where the moderator is carbon dioxide.
  • the heat treatment always takes place after performing the stacking and the stack always has its final form when the heat treatment is carried out.
  • a method of manufacturing a composite, heatinsulating material comprising layers of foils of an oxidisable metal in which each layer has at least one surface covered by a heat insulating substance, the steps of forming a stack of alternately thick and thin foils of the same metal having low neutron absorption around an object to be thermally insulated, said metal being selected from the group consisting of magnesium and aluminum and then completely oxidizing the thin metal foils at an elevated temperature between 350 C. and 525 C. in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure between 15 kg./cm. and kg./cm. to form a layer of refractory oxide between the thick foils.
  • the thickness of the thick foils is between 0.1 mm. and 0.5 mm. and the thickness of the thin foils is between 0.01 and 0.1 mm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

United States Patent 3,284,256 METHQD 0F MANUFMCTURING A COMPOSITE, HEAT-INSULATENG MATERIAL OF THE TYPE FORMED BY STACKIING FUELS 0F UXIDTSAELE METAL Lucien Alfille, Orsay, and Raymond Darras, Versailles,
France, assignors to Commissariat a llEnergie Atomique, Paris, France No Drawing. Filed Oct. 3, 1961, Ser. No. 142,504 Claims priority, application France, Oct. 10, 1960, 840,707 6 Claims. (Cl. 156-11) The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a composite heat-insulating material of the type formed by the stacking of thin metal foils having at least one of their surfaces covered by a heat insulating substance. It also relates to the product obtained by this method.
Heat-insulating materials, which may easily be deformed mechanically, are generally in the form of foils, strips, or ribbons within the structure of which there is a heat insulating substance generally in the form of refractory oxides, and a metal constituent giving these materials good mechanical properties.
Composite heat-insulating materials are, for example, formed by stacking a variable number of mixed layers, each layer being formed by a metal film having on at least one surface thereof, an insulating film, generally an oxide which is continuous and adheres to the underlying metal. Such materials may be manufactured, for instance, by the anodic oxidation of aluminum or nickel foils. However, the principal drawback of this method of manufacture is the fact that, when the heat-insulating material is Wound about an object to be covered, a discontinuity in the film of oxide adhering to the metal film is produced because of cracking. This drawback is difiicult to avoid since the manufacture of each mixed layer must be done before the object is covered.
Another method of making composite, heat-insulating materials consist in depositing on metal foils, a refractory heat insulating substance in the fibrous or powdery state made into a paste with a binding medium, and then in stacking the foils thus coated and destroying the binding medium and joining the refractory fibres to the metal by raising the temperature.
According to the present invention, the method of manufacturing a composite heat-insulating material of the aforementioned type consists in taking metal foils of the same type, but of diiferent thicknesses, forming a stack of alternately thick and thin metal foils about the object to be thermally insulated, and oxidising said stack at a high temperature so as to form a layer of refractory oxide between the thick foils by means of the total oxidation of the thin foils.
The composite, heat-insulating material obtained by this method, is essentially characterised in that the heat insulating layers covering the uncorroded metal portions are constituted by refractory oxides, the metal of which is of the same type as said metal portions. The oxides form a continuous and homogeneous adhesive layer on the surface of the metal portions.
The stacking of the different metal foils is always performed before actually heat-treating the foils, thus permitting the composite material to be directly adapted in shape to the objects to be heat-insulated This advantage is particularly important in the case of foil strips or ribbons surrounding the object to be insulated and formed by a number of mixed layers. Of course, the invention may also be applied in the case of stacks in the form of plates, which are in principle substantially plane.
Under given conditions of temperature and, particu- 3,284,256 Patented Nov. 8, 1966 larly, pressure means are provided for ensuring the coherence of the stacked arrangement before the oxidising treatment.
The winding of the strips or ribbons about an object to be insulated is preferably done without covering the dilferent windings by the same ribbon or strip. In order to obtain the correct and necessary stacked arrangement so as to have a high heat-insulating power, several windings are made which are superimposed and. are wound alternately in opposite directions. In this manner the metal foils which are conductive define isothermal surfaces, which is very favourable for the purpose of improving the heat insulation by avoiding any heterogeneous distribution of temperature at the same level.
The metal foils used to form the insulating material may be of any oxidisable material. The insulating material according to the invention may be used under radiation, for example, in nuclear reactors, and the metal foils may therefore be made of a material which is a bad neutron absorber, for example, magnesium, aluminum, or zirconium. In this case the refractory constituents, which are magnesia, alumina and zirconium, are also bad neutron absorbers.
External mechanical actions, such as crushing pressure, vibration, and fluid circulation, have only a limited effect as far as the destruction of the homogeneity of the heatinsulating properties of the material obtained by the method according to the present invention is concerned. In fact, this elfect is combated by the metal foils which prevent any sinking or breakage in the insulatory homogeneity of the material.
On the other hand it should be stated that this material has an excellent geometrical behaviour under load and temperature, as a result of its mechanical qualities, so that the problem of securing it for example, in nuclear reactors, to pressure tubes thermally insulated from the fuel element guide tube, which is at a high temperature, may easily be solved.
The heat-insulating material obtained by the method according to the present invention has the following principal advantages:
Ease of use.
Definite shaping in the operative conditions.
The coefiicient of heat conductivity, in the c.g.s. system, is lower than 3l0 cal./cm./a./ C
Very high resistance to thermal shock.
Very high resistance to sharp variations in pressure.
Very good mechanical behaviour when subject to vibration.
No deterioration under radiation.
Excellent distribution of materials, such .as magnesia and alumina, between the thick foils.
Very strong apparent density of materials, such as, alumina and magnesia, which, without harming the insulating power, aids mechanical behaviour.
Definite passivation in relation to the chemical and/or physical agents existing in nuclear reactors.
The following are examples of the method of manufacturing a composite, heat-insulating material according to the present invention:
EXAMPLE I In this example magnesium foils having thicknesses of 0.15 mm. .and 0.08 mm. are used. First of all a thick foil is wound around an object to be insulated, then a thin foil, and so on until the desired stack is obtained. The last foil wound has to be a thick foil. Over the outside of this stack is wound a ribbon of zirconium which is welded at the ends, thus forming a reinforcement.
The stacked arrangement thus obtained is then subjected to a temperature of 500 C. in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide at a pressure of 60 kg/em. (with natural convection and forced circulation).
The thin foils, which have a thickness of 0.03 mm., are completely oxidised, whilst the thick foils are only partially oxidised on their two surfaces. Thus between two thick foils a homogeneous layer of magnesium oxide is obtained which i's'continuous, has a thickness in the region of 0.09 mm. and constitutes an excellent refractory heat insulator.
EXAMPLE II The conditions are the same as in the foregoing example, but the magnesium is replaced by aluminum; the insulating constituent of the stacked arrangement is then alumina.
EXAMPLE III As in the case of the first example, the foils are made of magnesium, the insulator being magnesia; the thickest foils have a thickness of 0.15 mm., and the thinnest foils have a thickness of 7 mm. The oxidization of these foils is carried out at a temperature of 450 C. under a pressure of 25 kg./cm This last method allows the effects of corrosion on thick foils to be avoided in the case of use of the heat-insulating material in a nuclear reactor where the moderator is carbon dioxide.
In all cases, the heat treatment always takes place after performing the stacking and the stack always has its final form when the heat treatment is carried out.
We claim:
1. In a method of manufacturing a composite, heatinsulating material comprising layers of foils of an oxidisable metal in which each layer has at least one surface covered by a heat insulating substance, the steps of forming a stack of alternately thick and thin foils of the same metal having low neutron absorption around an object to be thermally insulated, said metal being selected from the group consisting of magnesium and aluminum and then completely oxidizing the thin metal foils at an elevated temperature between 350 C. and 525 C. in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure between 15 kg./cm. and kg./cm. to form a layer of refractory oxide between the thick foils.
2. A method as described in claim 1 wherein the thickness of the thick foils is between 0.1 mm. and 0.5 mm. and the thickness of the thin foils is between 0.01 and 0.1 mm.
3. A method as described in claim 1 wherein the foils are of magnesium and the thickness of the thick foils is on the order of 0.15 mm.; the thickness of the thin foils is on the order of 0.03 mm.; and oxidation is carried out at 450 C. and at a pressure of 25 kg./cm.
4. A method as described in claim 1 in which the stack of metal foils is externally reinforced.
5. A method as described in claim 4 in which the metal foils are reinforced by thin ribbons of zirconium.
6. A method as described in claim 1 in which the stack of foils is formed by winding the foils about the object alternately in opposite directions.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,088,949 8/1937 Fekete 29-195 2,506,364 5/1950 Jarnie et a1 148-20.3 2,784,123 3/1957 Rappapoet 1486.3 3,050,843 8/ 1962 Margolis et al 29-470 JACOB H. STEINBERG, Primary Examiner.
EARL M. BERGERT, Examiner.
R. J. ROCHE, Assistant Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. IN A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE, HEATINSULATNG MATERIAL COMPRISING LAYERS OF FOILS OF AN OXIDISABLE METAL IN WHICH EACH LAYER HAS AT LEAST ONE SURFACE COVERED BY A HEAT INSULATING SUBSTANCE, THE STEPS OF FORMING A STACK OF ALTERNATELY THICK AND THIN FOILS OF THE SAME METAL HAVING LOW NEUTRON ABSORPTION AROUND AN OBJECT TO BE THERMALLY INSULATED, SAID METAL BEING SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF MAGNESIUM AND ALUMINUM AND THEN COMPLETELY OXIDIZING THE THIN METAL FOILS AT AN ELEVATED TEMPERATURE BETWEEN 350* C. AND 525* C. IN AN ATMOSPHERE OF CARBON DIOXIDE AT A PRESSURE HIGHER THAN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE BETWEEN 15 KG./CM.2 AND 60 KG./CM.2 TO FORM A LAYER OF REFRACTORY OXIDE BETWEEN THE THICK FOILS.
US142504A 1960-10-10 1961-10-03 Method of manufacturing a composite, heat-insulating material of the type formed by stacking foils of oxidisable metal Expired - Lifetime US3284256A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR840696A FR1276699A (en) 1960-10-10 1960-10-10 slotted insulating screens for convex tank bottoms
FR840707A FR1277320A (en) 1960-10-10 1960-10-10 Process for manufacturing a thermal insulating composite material and product obtained by this process

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3284256A true US3284256A (en) 1966-11-08

Family

ID=26187755

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US142504A Expired - Lifetime US3284256A (en) 1960-10-10 1961-10-03 Method of manufacturing a composite, heat-insulating material of the type formed by stacking foils of oxidisable metal

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3284256A (en)
CH (1) CH377514A (en)
DE (1) DE1162854B (en)
FR (2) FR1277320A (en)
GB (2) GB964277A (en)
LU (1) LU40644A1 (en)
NL (1) NL270082A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2572332B1 (en) * 1984-10-25 1986-12-26 Prod Cellulosiques Isolants INSULATED PART OF VARIOUS FORMS, FORMED BY A STACK OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE-RESISTANT FIBER TABLECLOTS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2088949A (en) * 1931-02-10 1937-08-03 Radio Patents Corp Electric conductor
US2506364A (en) * 1948-03-03 1950-05-02 Gen Electric Heat-treating aluminum foil
US2784123A (en) * 1952-05-01 1957-03-05 Rca Corp Secondary electron emitter and process of preparing same
US3050843A (en) * 1959-04-15 1962-08-28 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of bonding metallic members

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE559232A (en) * 1956-07-16

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2088949A (en) * 1931-02-10 1937-08-03 Radio Patents Corp Electric conductor
US2506364A (en) * 1948-03-03 1950-05-02 Gen Electric Heat-treating aluminum foil
US2784123A (en) * 1952-05-01 1957-03-05 Rca Corp Secondary electron emitter and process of preparing same
US3050843A (en) * 1959-04-15 1962-08-28 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of bonding metallic members

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1162854B (en) 1964-02-13
LU40644A1 (en) 1961-11-27
FR1276699A (en) 1961-11-24
NL270082A (en)
FR1277320A (en) 1961-12-01
GB964277A (en) 1964-07-22
CH377514A (en) 1964-05-15
GB931218A (en) 1963-07-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE633428C (en) Insulating agent against heat exchange
US3620691A (en) Zirconium structure
EP0155168B1 (en) Composite nuclear fuel element cladding tube
EP0155167B1 (en) Cladding tubes for containing nuclear fuel material
DE2501505A1 (en) IMPROVED CORE FUEL ELEMENT
SE7511577L (en) IMPROVED NUCLEAR FUEL ELEMENT
US2781308A (en) Neutronic reactor control
DE4022707C2 (en) Isolation system for a chlorosilane and hydrogen reactor
CN116386905A (en) Ceramic and metal containing multi-layer nuclear fuel rod cladding and method of forming the same
EP0090191B1 (en) Thermal insulation
US5024426A (en) Bimetallic spring member for radiation environment
US3284256A (en) Method of manufacturing a composite, heat-insulating material of the type formed by stacking foils of oxidisable metal
GB1106078A (en) Improvements in or relating to prestressed concrete pressure vessels
US3098024A (en) Composite fuel elements for nuclear reactors
US5805656A (en) Fuel channel and fabrication method therefor
Brassfield et al. Recommended property and reaction kinetics data for use in evaluating a light-water-cooled reactor loss-of-coolant incident involving zircaloy-4-OR 304-SS-CLAD UO {sub 2}
JPH0219440B2 (en)
US3098025A (en) Foil element for nuclear reactor
US4512819A (en) Method for manufacturing a cladding tube of a zirconium alloy for nuclear reactor fuel of a nuclear reactor fuel assembly
US3024181A (en) Fuel element
GB1112386A (en) Improvements in or relating to nuclear reactor fuel elements
US3197379A (en) Guide tubes for nuclear reactors
Helm et al. Effect of massive neutron exposure on the distortion of reactor graphite
DE2022381A1 (en) Insulating packing for storage containers for liquefied - gases
DE2149088C3 (en) Insulating jacket for heat-sensitive components