US3019011A - Machine construction - Google Patents

Description

I. 2 W Y.

Jan. 30, 1962 Filed July 30, 1958 N. H. ARNOLD ETAL MACHINE CONSTRUCTION 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORE flzcizawfl JrrzoZd Jan. 30, 1962 N. H. ARNOLD ETAL 3,019,011

MACHINE CONSTRUCTION 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July so, 1958 mafi /66123211333 Jan. 30, 1962 N. H. ARNOLD ETAL 3,019,011

MACHINE CONSTRUCTION Filed July 30, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR5.

Jan. 30, 1962 N. H. ARNOLD ETAL 3,019,011

MACHINE CONSTRUCTION Filed July 50, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR5 United States Patent This invention relates, generally, to machine construction and it has particular relation to machines for boring railway journal bearings of different diameters.

Among the objects of this invention are: To provide for simply and etficiently clamping railway journal bearings of different diameters on a table in a position where the bearing surface can be bored; to effect the clamping action by the manual operation of a single operating member, such as a hand wheel; to provide for raising and lowering the table with the journal bearing clamped thereon; to raise and lower the table by manual operation of a single operating member, such as a hand wheel; and to employ the same hand Wheel for selectively clamp ing a journal bearing on the'table and for elevating the table. j 1

Other objects of this invention will, in part, be obvious and in part appear hereinafter. 1

This invention is disclosed inth'e embodiment thereof shown in the accompanying drawings and it comprises the combination of elements and arrangement of parts that will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter set forth and the application of which will be indicated in the appended claims.

For a more complete understanding of the nature and scope of this invention reference can be had to the following detailed description, taken together with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a top plan view of a fixture for receiving a journal bearing of a railway car, the fixture employing the features of the present invention;

FIGURE 2 is a vertical sectional view taken generally along the line 2-2 of FIGURE 1 and showing a portion of the frame of the boring machine;

FIGURE 2A is a horizontal sectional view taken generally along the line 2A2-A of FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 3 is a vertical sectional view taken generally along the line 3-3 of FIGURE 2;

FIGURE 4 is a vertical sectional view taken generally along the line 4-4 of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 5 is a top plan view of the fixture with certain parts of the operating mechanism shown in spaced detached relation;

FIGURE 6 is a perspective view of the clutch insert;

FIGURE 7 is a perspective view of the clutch collar; and

FIGURE 8 is a perspective view of the clutch end portion of the adapter.

Referring now particularly to FIGURES 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings, it will be observed that the reference character 10 designates a support which is a portion of a boring machine the details of construction of which form no part of the present invention. Formed integral- 1y with the support 10 is an upstanding frame guide cylinder 11 which is telescoped over a depending table guide cylinder 12 that is secured by screws 13 to the underside of a table 14. The table 14 forms a part of the fixture which is employed in accordance with this invention for mounting railway journal hearings in position to have the bearing surface bored in order to restore them to proper operating condition. The table 14 is preferably rectangular in shape and is made of cast iron.

movement into and out of the boring position and it is for this purpose that the frame guide cylinder 11 and table guide cylinder 12 are provided. In addition, it is desirable that there be no relative rotation between the cylinders 11 and 12. For this purpose, as shown in FIGURE 2A, the frame guide cylinder 11 is provided with a vertically extending slot 15 in which a key 16, carried by the table guide cylinder 12, projects.

For raising and lowering the table 14 a table elevating screw 17 is provided. The lower end 18 of the screw 17 is threaded into a table elevating nut 19 having a radial flange 20 at its lower end which is suitably secured to the support 10. The upper end 21 of the table elevating screw 17 extends through an opening 22 in the table 14 and a collar 23 is secured to the upper end by a screw 24. The collar 23 is located in a suitable counter bore 25 in the upper surface of the table 14.

In order to rotate the table elevating screw 17 a bevel gear 28 is suitably keyed to the table elevating screw 17 just above the threaded lower portion 18 thereof. Meshing with the bevel gear 28 is a bevel gear 29 which is secured to one end of a table elevating shaft 30 that is journaled at 31 and 32 to the underside of the table 14 The table 14 is supported on the table elevating screw 17 through the bevel gears 28 and 29. It will be observed that the outer end 33 of the table elevating shaft 30 extends beyond one end of the table 14 and provision is made, aswill be set forth hereinafter, for permitting manual operation thereof. It will be understood that railway journal bearings are provided in different standard diameters. For illustration it is pointed out that they are manufactured in diameters of 5 inches, 5 /2 inches, 6 inches, and 6 /2 inches. After a journal bearing has been in service, the bearing surface becomes worn and it is necessary to re-bore it to a slightly larger diameter. However, the general overall dimensions of the bearing remain the same. Provision is made, in accordance with this invention, for accommodating in a single fixture journal bearings of different diameter and having correspondingly different overall dimensions.

In FIGURES 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the drawings there is shown, generally, at 34 a typical railway journal bearing. For illustrative purposes it is pointed out that this is a 5 /2 inch railway journal bearing. The bearing 34 is positioned on the table 14 so that its bearing surface 35 faces upwardly. The bearing surface is machined by a tool which is carried by an arbor that rotates about a horizontal axis. In the operating position the horizontal axis of the arbor about which the tool rotates is the center of the bearing surface 35. It is necessary that the bearing 34 be elevated into the position where the boring'operation can be performed and that it be securely It is desirable that the table 14 be guided in its vertical I clamped to the table 14 while the boring operation is being performed. The present invention provides for these operations.

A conventional railway journal bearing 34 is provided with longitudinal upwardly facing horizontal surfaces 36 at the ends of the bearing surface 35. On the underside there are outwardly inclined longitudinal surfaces 37. Advantage is taken of these surfaces 36 and 37 in order to clamp the bearing 34 in position on the table 14.

Referring particularly to FIGURE 5 of the drawings, it will be observed that two pairs of mounting blocks 3838 and 39-39 are secured to the upper side of the table 14 slightly different distances from the center thereof. Two pairs of J-shaped clamps 40-40 and 4141 are pivotally mounted on the mounting blocks 38--38 and two additional pairs of J-shaped clamps 42'-42 and 43-43 are pivotally mounted on the mounting blocks 39--39. The ends of the long arms 40a, 41a, 42a and 43a are pivoted, respectively, at 40b, 41b, 42b and 43b to the respective mounting blocks 38-38 and 39-39. FIGURE 2 shows the arrangement more clearly. The short arms 40c, 41c, 42c and 430 of the J-shaped clamps 40-40, 41-41, 42-42 and 43-43 are arranged to overlie the longitudinal upwardly facing horizontal surfaces 36 of the respective journal bearing 34. It will be understood that each of the J-shaped clamps 40-40, etc., is individual to a particular size of journal bearing 34. For illustrative purposes it is pointed out that the J-shaped clamps 41-41 are of such dimension and are so pivoted to the mounting blocks 38-38 that the journal bearing 34 can be readily clamped thereby.

As shown in FIGURE 3 the. journal bearing 34 is held in position against the short arms 410-410 of the J-shaped clamps 41-41. This is accomplished by engagement of the outwardly inclined longitudinal surfaces 37-37 with rounded shoulders 44-44 and 45-45 of centering jaws 46-46 and 47-47 which are shown more clearly in FIGURE of the drawings. The centering jaws 46-46 and 47-47 are provided with depending portions 48-48 and 49-49, FIGURES 3 and 4, which extend into slots 50 and 51 in the table 14. In this manner the centering jaws 46-46 and 47-47 are slidably mounted on the table 14 and are arranged to be moved toward and away from each other in order to move the rounded shoulders 44-44 and 45-45 thereof into engagement with the inclined longitudinal surfaces 37-37 on the underside of the railway journal bearing 34.

In order to move the centering jaws 46-46 and 47-47 along the slots 50 and 51, the depending portions 48-48 and 49-49 are oppositely threaded as indicated at 52-52 and 53-53 for cooperation with complementary threads 54-54 and 55-55 on centering jaw screws 58 and 59. Since the threads 54-54 and 55-55 on the centering jaw screws 56 and 57 are of opposite hand, the rotation of these jaw screws in one direction or the other effects movement simultaneously of the respective centering jaws 46-46 and 47-47 toward or away from each other, depending upon the direction of rotation.

At their outer ends the centering jaw screws 56 and 57 are rotatably mounted on supports 58 and 59 which are secured suitably to the outer end of the table 14. Threaded locking collars 60 and 61 serve to prevent relative movement in one direction between the centering jaw screws 56 and 57 and the supports 58 and 59. At their other ends the centering jaw screws 56 and 57 are journaled at 62 and 63, FIGURE 1, in the underside of the table 14. At the ends of the centering jaw screws 58 and 59 which extend beyond one end of the table 14 gears 64 and 65 are secured and held against endwise movement by threaded locking collars 66 and 67.

Provision is made for simultaneously rotating the gears 64 and 65 in the same direction to effect a simultaneous adjustment of the centering jaws 46-46 and 47-47 toward or away from each other. For this purpose a drive gear 68 is freely rotatably mounted on the end 33 of the table elevating shaft 30 as shown more clearly in FIGURE 2 of the drawings. The drive gear 68 is held in place on the table elevating shaft 30 by a retaining collar 68 which is suitably secured thereto. In order to rotate the drive gear 68 and eifect simultaneous rotation of the gears 64 and 65 and corresponding rotation of the centering jaw screws 58 and 59 one end 69 of an adapter 70 is secured to the drive gear 68, as shown in FIGURE 5, by screws 71. The adapter 70 is tubular in form and is telescoped over the end 33 of the table elevating shaft 30. At its other end the adapter 70, as shown in FIGURE 8, is provided with clutch teeth 72. At the outer end of the end 33 of the table elevating shaft 30 there is secured a clutch collar 73, FIGURE 7. A key 74, FIGURE 2, serves to non-rotatably secure the clutch collar 73 in position on the outer end of the table elevating shaft 30. The clutch collar 73 is provided with clutch teeth 75 which face the clutch teeth 72 on the adapter 70 and are spaced endwise therefrom.

The clutch teeth 72, and 75 on the adapter 70 and clutch collar 73 are arranged to be selectively engaged by clutch teeth 76 and 77 on a clutch insert 78, FIGURE 6, which is located within a hub 79 of a hand wheel 80. The clutch insert 78 together with the hand wheel 80 is slidably and rotatably mounted on the end 33 of the table elevating shaft 30. The clutch insert 78 is non-rotatably secured to the hub 79. For this purpose the clutch insert 78 has a key way 81 for receiving a key 82, FIGURE 5, which serves to lock the clutch insert 78 against rotatlon with respect to the hub 79. Handles 83 extend generally radially from the periphery of the hand wheel 80 to facilitate rotation thereof. A set screw 85 extends from the hub 79 into the clutch insert 78 and prevents endwise movement thereof.

Now it will be appreciated that the hand wheel 80 is arranged to selectively operate or rotate the table elevating shaft 30 and the adapter 70. It is desirable that the hand wheel 80 be held in one position or the other with the clutch teeth 76 interfitting with the clutch teeth 72 on the adapter 70 or the clutch teeth 77 interfiitting with the clutch teeth 75 on the clutch collar 73. For this purpose annular grooves 86 are provided on the end 33 of the table elevating shaft 30 as shown more clearly in FIGURE 2. Cooperating with one or the other of the grooves 86 is a ball '87 which is arranged to be biased by a spring 88 which reacts between the ball 87 and the end of a screw 89 which is threaded radially into the hub 79. It will be understood that the hand wheel 80 can be shifted along the end 33 of the table elevating shaft 30 with the ball 87 in one or the other of the grooves 86 on the application of a force to the hand wheel 80 generally along the aXis of rotation of the table elevating shaft 30.

In order to prevent accidental contact with the gears 64, 65 and 68, a guard, shown generally at 90, is provided thereover and is secured to the upper side of the table 14.

The journal bearing 34 is applied to the table 14 and removed therefrom generally by a sidewise movement. To facilitate this hearing guides 91 are secured to the upper side of the table 14 and extend over the guide 90 to a position close to the plane of rotation of the hand wheel 80.

In describing the operation of the fixture for supporting railway journal bearings, such as the bearing 34, it will be assumed that a 5 inch bearing is to be bored. Initially all of the J-shaped clamps 40-40 to 43-43 are in the retracted position, the centering jaws 46-46 and 47-47 are spread apart, and the table 14 is in the lower position. A hearing, such as the journal bearing 34, is positioned on the bearing guides 91 and is slid over them into the position shown in FIGURE 2. Here the outwardly inclined longitudinal surfaces 37 bear against the shoulders 44-44 and 45-45 of the centen'ng jaws 46-46 and 47-47. Since the journal bearing 34 is assumed to be one having a diameter of 5 inches, the J-shaped clamps 41-41, corresponding to this size, are swung to the positions shown in FIG- URE 2 where the short arms 4lc-41c overlie the longitudinal upwardly facing horizontal surfaces 36-36. As is apparent from FIGURE 1 of the drawings the J-shaped clamps 40-40 to 43-43 are positioned between the centering jaws 46-46 and 47-47. Thus it is necessary to employ only a single pair of J-shaped clamps, such as the clamps 41-41, for holding the bearing 34 in position against upward movement.

Next the hand wheel 80 is moved inwardly or toward the table 14 to cause the clutch teeth 76 to engage the clutch teeth 72 on the adapter 70. Then the hand wheel 80 is rotated to rotate the drive gear 68 and thereby the gears 64 and 65. The centering jaw screws 56 and 57 are rotated about their longitudinal axes and the direction of rotation is such that the centering jaws 46-46 and 47-47 are caused to move toward each other. The rounded shoulders 44-44 and 45-45 engage the outwardly inclined longitudinal surfaces 37 on the underside of the journal bearing 34 and, as the centering jaws move toward each other, the journal bearing 34 is moved upwardly to such position that it is tightly held against the short arms 41c--41c of the J-shaped clamps 41--41.

After the journal bearing 34 has been clamped in position in the manner described, the hand wheel 80 is moved away from the table 14 to disengage the clutch teeth 76 from the clutch teeth 72* and engage the clutch teeth 77 with the clutch teeth 75 on the clutch collar 73 which is secured to the end 33 of the table elevating shaft 30. The hand wheel 80 now is in direct driving connection through the table elevating shaft 30 with the table elevating screw 17. On rotation of the hand wheel 80, the table elevating screw 17 is rotated in the nut 19 in such direction as to raise the table 14 with the journal bearing 34 clamped in place thereon. The table 14 is elevated to such a position that the axis of rotation of the arbor of the boring machine (not shown) is located at the center of the bored surface 35 as it will ultimately appear when the boring operation has been completed. Now the boring operation is performed with the journal bearing 34 being held in the elevated position and clamped to the table 14. After the boring operation has, beencompleted, the foregoing sequence of operations is reversed and the journal bearing 34 is removed from the table 14. The operation then can be completed with another journal bearing of the same size or of different diameter. In the event that the journal bearing is of a different diameter, then it will be understood that a difierent set of J-shaped clamps is used for securing it in position on the table 14. Otherwise the sequence of operations is the same.

Since certain changes can be made in the foregoing construction and different embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, it is intended that all matter shown in the accompanying drawings and described hereinbefore shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

What is claimed as new is:

1. In a machine for boring railway journal bearings and the like, in combination, a table, a support underneath said table, guide means between said table and support preventing relative rotation and permitting relative movement, at table elevating nut on said support, a table elevating screw at its upper end supporting said table and threaded into said table elevating nut at its lower end and having a bevel pinion gear secured thereto near said upper end, an elevating shaft journaled on the underside of said table and extending at one end beyond one end thereof and having a bevel pinion gear secured to its other end and engaging said bevel pinion gear on said table elevating screw, a pair of generally J-shaped clamps pivotally mounted at the ends of the longer arms on the upper side of said table and spaced from its sides and extending upwardly with the shorter arms for engaging a bearing on opposite sides and from above to prevent upward movement thereof, two pairs of centering jaws slidably mounted on said upper side of said table on opposite sides of said pairs of J-shaped clamps and having rounded shoulders for engaging said bearing on opposite sides and from underneath and oppositely threaded depending sections, a centering jaw screw for each pair of centering jaws journaled on said table and having oppositely threaded portions intermediate its ends engaging the respective oppositely threaded depending sections, one end of each centering jaw screw extending beyond said one end of said table and having a gear secured thereto, a drive gear rotatably mounted on said elevating shaft and engaging the gears on the centering jaw screws, an adapter telescoped over said one end of said elevating shaft and secured at one end to said drive gear and having clutch teeth at the other end, a clutch collar secured to the outer end of said one end of said elevating shaft and having clutch teeth facing and spaced endwise from said clutch teeth on said adapter, and a hand wheel slidably and rotatably mounted on said one end of said elevating shaft having a clutch insert secured to its hub having clutch teeth at its ends for selective engagement with said clutch teeth on said adapter and on said clutch collar.

2. In a machine for boring railway journal bearings and the like, in combination, a table having a guide cylinder depending therefrom, a support underneath said table having an upstanding frame guide cylinder telescoped with said guide cylinder depending from said table, said cylinders having cooperating key and slot means preventing relative rotation and permitting relative endwise movement, a table elevating nut on said support centrally of said cylinders, a table elevating screw at its upper end supporting said table and threaded into said table elevating nut at its lower end and having a bevel pinion gear secured thereto near said upper end, an elevating shaft journaled on the underside of said table and extending at one end beyond one end thereof and having a bevel pinion gear secured to its other end and engaging said bevel pinion gear on said table elevating screw, a pair of generally J-shaped clamps pivotally mounted at the ends of the longer arms on the upper side of said table and spaced from its sides and extending upwardly with the shorter arms for engaging a bearing on opposite sides and from above to prevent upward movement thereof, two pairs of centering jaws slidably mounted on said upper side of said table on opposite sides of said pair of J-shaped clamps and having rounded shoulders for engaging said bearing on opposite sides and from underneath and oppositely threaded depending sections, a centering jaw screw for each pair of centering jaws journaled on said table and having oppositely threaded portions intermediate its ends engaging the respective oppositely threaded depending sections, one end of each centering jaw screw extending beyond said one end of said table and having a gear secured thereto, a drive gear rotatably mounted on said elevating shaft and engaging the gears on the centering jaw screws, an adapter telescoped over said one end of said elevating shaft and secured at one end to said drive gear and having clutch teeth at the other end, a clutch collar secured to the outer end of said one end of said elevating shaft and having clutch teeth facing and spaced endwise from said clutch teeth on said adapter, and a hand wheel slidably and rotatably mounted on said one end of said elevating shaft having a clutch insert secured to its hub having clutch teeth at its ends for selective engagement with said clutch teeth on said adapter and on said clutch collar.

3. In a machine for boring railway journal bearings and the like, in combination, a table, a pair of centering jaws mounted on said table for movement toward and away from each other and having upwardly and inwardly facing shoulders for engaging a bearing on opposite sides and from underneath, a pair of clamps on said table having downwardly facing clamping surfaces for engaging said bearing on opposite sides and from above, operating means on said table connected to said centering jaws for moving the same toward each other to elevate said bearing into clamping engagement with said clamping surfaces of said pair of clamps, elevating means for raising and lowering said table and said bearing clamped as aforesaid by said centering jaws and said clamps, and means on said table for selectively operating said operating means and said elevating means.

4. In a machine for boring railway journal bearings and the like, in combination, a table, two pairs of centering jaws mounted on said table, each pair of centering jaws being movable toward and away from each other and having upwardly and inwardly facing shoulders for engaging a bearing on opposite sides and from underneath, a pair of J-shaped clamps having the long arms pivoted on said table and the short arms having downwardly facing clamping surfaces for engaging said bearing on opposite sides and from above, operating means on said table connected to said pairs of centering jaws for simultaneously moving them toward and away from each other to elevate said bearing into clamping engagement with said clamping surfaces of said pair of J-shaped clamps, elevating means for raising and lowering said table and said bearing clamped as aforesaid by said centering jaws and said clamps, and means on said table for selectively operating said operating means and said elevating'means.

5. In a machine for boring railway journal bearings and the like, in combination, a table, a support underneath said table, guide means between said table and support preventing relative rotation and permitting relative vertical movement, a table elevating nut on said support, a table elevating screw at its upper end supporting said table and threaded into said table elevating nut at its lower end, an elevating shaft journaled on the underside of said table and extending at one end beyond one end thereof, means operatively interconnecting said elevating shaft and said table elevating screw, a pair of generally J-shaped clamps pivotally mounted at the ends of the longer arms on the upper side of said table and spaced from its sides and extending upwardly with the shorter arms for engaging a journal bearing from above to prevent upward movement thereof, two pairs of centering jaws slidably mounted on said upper side of said table on opposite sides of said pair of J-shaped clamps and having rounded shoulders for engaging said journal bearing on opposite sides from underneath and oppositely threaded depending sections, a centering jaw screw for each pair of centering jaws threaded in the respective threaded depending sections and journaled on said table and having a gear secured thereto, a drive gear rotatably mounted on said elevating shaft and engaging the gears on the centering jaw screws to rotate the same and move said pairs of centering jaws toward each other to elevate said bearing into clamping engagement with said pair of J-shaped clamps, a hand wheel mounted on said one end of said elevating shaft, and means selectively interconnecting said hand wheel with said elevating shaft and said drive gear.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 376,815 Coleman Jan. 24, 1888 1,369,454 Mathy Feb. 22, 1921 1,558,045 Robertson Oct. 20, 1925 1,735,478 Stubbs Nov. 12, 1929 1,886,851 Trecker Nov. 8, 1932 1,938,278 Connor Dec. 5, 1933 2,452,824 Yates Nov. 2, 1948

Images