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US3016973A - Lift truck - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3016973A
US3016973A US783364A US78336458A US3016973A US 3016973 A US3016973 A US 3016973A US 783364 A US783364 A US 783364A US 78336458 A US78336458 A US 78336458A US 3016973 A US3016973 A US 3016973A
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Prior art keywords
truck
control
remote
wheel
motor
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US783364A
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William A Williamson
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Doosan Bobcat North America Inc
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Clark Equipment Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/12Platforms; Forks; Other load supporting or gripping members
    • B66F9/127Working platforms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07572Propulsion arrangements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to lift trucks and more particularly to a lift truck providing a remote operator station located on a lifting platform of the truck and from which the truck can be controlled.
  • Lift trucks of the type contemplated are particularly useful for transporting and locating in elevated position inside of buildings workers who are responsible for maintenance of elevated building Xtures, utilities, machinery and the like, and for the accurate spotting of materials in elevated bins, racks and the like.
  • lt is a further object of the present invention to provide control mechanism in a lift truck of the type contemplated both at a remote control station on the lifting forks of the truck and at a location conventional in such trucks, said control mechanism at the remote station providing safety features relative to operation of the travel, lift, and steer functions of the truck.
  • a still further object of the invention is to provide improved alternate steering systems for steering the truck from a normal or from a remote location on the truck.
  • a feature of the invention is to provide a remote drive control for the truck which limits the available speed of the truck in a forward direction below the speed available when the truck is driven from the conventional operators station.
  • Another feature of the invention provides a connection between the remote forward and reverse drive control means and remote lifting means so that the truck can be driven in forward or reverse only when the lifting forks or platform is below a predetermined height in the upright.
  • FIGURE l is a perspective view of my lift truck taken from the rear, starboard quarter of the truck and showing an operator located at the remote control station in elevated position;
  • FIGURE 2 is a somewhat schematized plan view of the truck structure shown in FIGURE l, with the remote operators station removed from the lifting forks;
  • FiGURE 3 is a schematic wiring diagram of the remote and conventional controls of the truck.
  • FlGURE 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4--4 of FGURE 2, said section being rotated 90 counterclockwise.
  • a straddle stacker type industrial truckV which includes a tractor unit indicated generally at numeral l2, a load carrying unit or trailer frame indicated generally at numeral 14, and a remote control operator station and article handling attachment
  • a tractor unit indicated generally at numeral l2
  • a load carrying unit or trailer frame indicated generally at numeral 14
  • a remote control operator station and article handling attachment The above and further objects, features, and advantages associated with the trailer frame and indicated generally at numeral 16.
  • the tractor unit comprises a powerhead 1S, which includes an electric drive motor (illustrated schematically in FIGURE 3 at 19) mounted in driving association with the traction wheel 2t) and adapted to receive electrical energy from a battery unit located within a battery compartment 22, and a truck control and steering handle 24, which is operatively connected to the traction wheel and the drive motor for turning same in a horizontal plane to steer the truck and which includes an operator control box 26 for operating the truck in forward or reverse drive, for lifting and lowering the forks or platform with which the remote control station 16 is associated and for operating solenoid actuated brake (not shown) associated with the drive motor i9.
  • an electric drive motor illustrated schematically in FIGURE 3 at 19 mounted in driving association with the traction wheel 2t
  • a truck control and steering handle 24 which is operatively connected to the traction wheel and the drive motor for turning same in a horizontal plane to steer the truck and which includes an operator control box 26 for operating the truck in forward or reverse drive, for lifting and lowering the forks or platform with which the remote control
  • a hydraulic pump and motor combination and suitable electric and hydraulic control units, cables, hoses and the like are all mounted on a battery compartment 22 of the tractor unit l2, being operatively connected to the control box 26 of the steer handle 24, to control lifting and lowering movements of the remote station 16 as will be explained in detail hereinafter.
  • the battery compartment 22 is mounted upon a platform 27 which is spaced above and is parallel to a platform 28 of tractor unit 12.
  • the load carrying unit or trailer frame 14 comprises generally a U-shaped frame 29 having a pair of Outrigger straddle arms 3i? connected at one end to a telescoping upright or mast 32.
  • the entire frame 29 is supported on, first, two caster wheels 34 (one of which is shown in FIG- URE 1) connected to the mast 32 by a pair of horizontally disposed plates 3l suitably connected tol the mast 26, extending in a direction opposite to the Outrigger arms Sti and partially encompassing the frame 2S of the truck unit, and, second, a pair of trail wheels 36 adjacent the outer ends of the Outrigger arms 3G.
  • the lifting unit 38 Centrally of the U-shaped frame 29 and the mast 32 is a lifting unit 38 of the remote control station 16.
  • the lifting unit comprises a pair of tines all connected at one end by a cross member 42 which, in turn, cooperates and is suitably connected in known manner to sprocket chains 44, sprockets 46, a power lift piston 43 and roller arrangements Stl and 52 cooperating in channels, such as illustrated in plan in FIGURE 2, all of which are operated by the aforesaid hydraulic pump and motor combination to raise and lower the tines 40 relative to the mast 32 when desired.
  • the tractor unit 12 ⁇ and trailer unit 14 are connected to each other by an articulating coupling means, indicated generally at numeral 56.
  • the coupling comprises gene-rally a connecting plate 58 attached to the: opposite sides of the mast 32 by means of a pair of forwardly extending plate members 69 and having connected to the one surface thereof a pair of laterally spaced and outwardly opening vertical channel members 62 and a centrally disposed rearwardy opening channel member 64.
  • a pair of laterally displaced, longitudinally extending frame members 66 are connected together by means of a vertically extending concave connecting plate 68, and are also secured between the platforms 2,7 and 28.
  • Each of frame members 66 includes a vertically extending section at the forward end thereof supporting a pair of rollers 7@ which are mounted for vertical movement in the corresponding channel members 62, whereas transverse plate member 68 mounts a pair of vertically spaced rollers '72 for vertical movement in intermediate channel member 64, said pairs of rollers 7@ having axes of rotation transverse to the truck and said pair of rollers 72 having axes of rotation longitudinal of the truck.
  • the tractor and the load carrying units l2 and la are arranged for some vertical parallel or articulated movement relative to each other for permitting the traction wheel 26, which supports the entire tractor unit, free to accommodate any depressions or obstacles in the line of travel to maintain traction throughout.
  • the pairs of rollers 7d and 72 cooperate with the respective channel members 62 and 64 in order to maintain the units 12 and 14 in proper alignment by resisting side and forward thrust, as well as torque forces, which would tend to separate or misalign the said units.
  • the Gardner patent is, in the main, directed to the manner of mounting the drive head unit, including drive motor 19 and traction wheel Ztl, on a plurality of rollers mounted in a circular track formed by open ring 71 of platform 2g so that the entire drive head unit may rotate with control handle about a vertical axis for steering the truck.
  • the Steinberg et al. patent discloses a steering handle control, including brake means which is automatically applied to the drive motor whenever the control handle is in either a vertical or horizon-tal position and which is released when the control handle is intermediate such positions.
  • the brake structure which is intended to be utilized in the present lift truck differs essentially from that of said latter patent only in the substitution of an electrically motivated rotary solenoid for the brake shoe control cam linkage of the patent.
  • the solenoid performs the same function as the cam of the patent.
  • station 16 includes a vertically upstanding structure shown generally at numeral 160 which is engageable by and supported upon fcrk tines 40 for vertical movement in upright structure 32 with the forks.
  • the structure is a fabricated construction and includes a protected operators station, as shown in FIGURE l, forwardly of which is le cated, for example, a pair of vertically spaced roller beds 102 and 104 upon which articles may be supported for subsequent discharge into elevated stationary bins in a warehouse and the like.
  • any one of a variety of article supporting or handling devices may be supported upon the fork tines forwardly of the remote operat'ors station.
  • a steer pump motor 110 a lift pump motor 112
  • a battery 132 is adapted to supply electrical energy to all of the foregoing circuits.
  • All of the conventional or normal controls of the various operating components of the lift truck are located in the control handle 24 and control box 26 thereof which provides a plurality of manually operable switches for operating the truck in forward or reverse, and for lifting and lowering the fork tin in the mast structure.
  • the remote steering control includes manually operable directional valve means 134 located on the post 11i/6 and connected to control power steering means which will be fully described hereinafter.
  • Remote travel control means 136 is also mounted upon post 106 and includes manually operable forward and reverse switches 13S and 140 which are ⁇ located in circuits 126 and 128, respectively.
  • control box 142 Mounted upon post 168 at the opposite side of the truck is a control box 142 which includes manually operable switches 144 and 146 which are adapted to control the lifting ⁇ and lowering operation of the lift cylinder construction of the upright 32.
  • Other remote control means which are interrelated automatically with one or more of the foregoing remote controls will be described hereinbelow.
  • the lift pump motor 112 is adapted to be connected to drive a hydraulic lift pump for supplying pressure uid to the lift cylinder 48 whenever a normally opened switch 152 is closed.
  • the switch 152 is energized to closed position by a coil 154 whenever the remote switch 144- is closed or a normal switch 156 of control box 26 is closed.
  • an ignition switch 1S- is closed permitting operation of various ones of the truck components. The operator may thus lift himself to any selected elevation within the range of the mast 32 for performing necessary maintenance work and/ or for conveniently loading and unloading materials on and from the deviceltlti.
  • a lowering switch 146 is provided, as aforesaid, which, when closed, energizes a coil 16d of a solenoid valve which causes the valve to open the lift cylinder to a uid sump for permitting controlled exhaust of the fluid from the lift cylinder with consequent lowering movement of the fork tines du.
  • a normal switch control 162 is connected in parallel with switch 146 and is located at handle control box 26.
  • Circuit 126 controls the iow speed forward operation of the drive motor. It includes a coil 168 which, when energized, closes a normally open switch 176 and opens a normally closed switch 172 of the series eld 116 of the drive motor, whereby the battery supplies energy through the motor armature and a low speed resistor 174 downwardly through the series iield 116 causing the truck to be driven forwardly at low speed. Coil 168 may be energized by closing a switch 176 in circuit 126, the switch 176 being located on the control box 26 of the control handle.
  • the truck may be driven at low speed in reverse by energizing a coil 17S which causes a normally open switch 136 to be closed and a normally closed switch 162 to be opened, whereby the energy supplied by the battery through the armature and low speed resistor 171i moves in the opposite direction or upwardly through the series field causing the motor to be driven in a reverse direction.
  • Coil 178 may be energized by closing manual switch 184 in circuit 123, which latter switch is also located on control. box 26.
  • a sequence cont-actor switch 166 which is connected to switch 176, is closed which causes a high speed coil 133 to be energized.
  • Coil 183 closes a normally open high speed switch 119i) in motor speed control circuit 1li:- in parallel Iwith the resistor 17d, and the motor is then operated at relatively high forward speed.
  • a second switch 192 is connected in parallel with switch 136 in high speed circuit 131i and is operated in sequence, but subsequent to, low speed reverse control switch 154, whereby high speed reverse operation of the drive motor may be utilized.
  • brake switch 166 must be closed before closure of either of switch units 176, or 13d, 192 will be effective to energize the drive motor. ln other words, unless the control handle 2d is in its intermediate position, switch 166 remain open, the brake remains engaged, and the truck drive motor cannot be energized. This arrangement affords a safety device which permits operation of the truck only after certain positive measures have been taken by the operator.
  • a pair of brake solenoid switches 194 and 196 are con nected to switches 132 and 146, respectively, and are 1ocated in lines 208 and 266 of circuit 124 which bly-passes brake switch 166. riherefore, the ⁇ brake can be released from the remote station by closing either of switches 194 or 196, subsequent to which switch 13S or 146, respectively, may be closed to energize coils 168 or 178 for forward or reverse drive of the truck respectively.
  • a normally closed lift limit switch 262 is located in a line 264 in that portion of circuits 126 and 128 which includes remote control forward and reverse switches 13S and 1de.
  • the lift limit switch is also shown in FIGURE 2, it being secured to the rearward ange of one of the fixed upright channel sections of upright 32 at a pre-selected elevation of, say, six feet.
  • a projection ⁇ 296 is connected at the lower end of the adjacent extensiie section of the upright in overlapping relation with switch 262.
  • All other remote controls remain operative above said predetermined elevation; ie., the operator may operate the brakes, steer the traction wheel, or extend the upright to maximum elevation.
  • Ti e lift limit switch is utilized as a safety device which prohibits trave-l of the truck from the remote station if the operator is elevated above 5 a predetermined safe height. it will also be understood that the truck may not be operated at high speed from the remote station since the remote travel controls 138 and cannot energize high speed coil 133.
  • a power steering system has been devised which permits the truck to be steered when the operator is located at the remote control station.
  • a hydraulic boost cylinder assembly 226 is secured at its base end to a frame member 222 of the tractor unit 12, and is pivotally connected at the piston rod end thereof to a lever member 22d which is secured to a normally freely rotatable sleeve member 226.
  • a spacer member 228, sleeve member 226 and a second sleeve member 227 Extending downwardly just inwardly of the one frame member 66 and through openings in the platform 27, a spacer member 228, sleeve member 226 and a second sleeve member 227 is a shaft 230 which is supported at its lower end in a. bearing 229.
  • a sprocket 232 is mounted on the upper end of shaft 236 above platform 27 and is drivingly connected to a sprocket 233 of the drive motor assembly by means of a chain 235.
  • the sleeve 227 is connected to shaft 236 by means of a key 23d and is formed to provide on opposite sides of the upper edge thereof a groove 236 which is registrable with projection 238 formed on opposite sides of the lower edge of sleeve 226, said groove and projection together forming clutch means which when engaged connect power cylinder 220 to shaft 236 for rotating sprocket 232 by way of sleeves 226 and 227.
  • a foot lever 246 extends through an opening 242 in the one frame member 66 and is pivotally mounted on a supporting member 24d; it extends laterally outwardly of the battery compartment 22 and inwardly of the frame member to pivotally connect with a sleeve member 248 by means of a yoke and pin means 246.
  • Sleeve 248 is slidable on shaft 236 and is urged downwardly thereon by means of a spring 25) mounted upon the shaft between sleeve members 227 and 246.
  • a second spring member 252 is also mounted on shaft 236 in an enlarged portion of the opening through sleeve member 227 and between sleeve members 226 and 227.
  • lf double-acting cylinder 226 is now energized for either extension or retraction of the piston rod thereof, rotation of sleeve 226 will, through the clutch connection to sieeve 227, cause the latter sleeve to rotate with sleeve 226, which in turn actuates shaft 236 in rotation by means of the key connection 234 thereof to sleeve 227.
  • Rotation of shaft 230 causes sprocket 232 to rotate, thereby rotating the drive motor and traction wheel through the sprocket and chain connection 233, 23S. Steering of the truck in either direction may be thus effected by energizing power cylinder 22d to either extend or retract the piston rod thereof.
  • the steering control valve 134 is connected by hydraulic lines, not shown, intermediate the steering pump motor 111i and the power cylinder Pump motor 1.16- is, of course, connected to a hydraulic sump, not shown, and is adapted to supply pressurized duid to the power cylinder 226 through directional valve 134, the low pressure side of cylinder 226 always being connected to the sump.
  • switch 262 When the control valve l131i is located in its neutral position a normally open switch 262 (FIGURE 3) is open and the steer pump motor 116 remains inactive. lf the 0perator should now move the directional lever in one direction, switch 262 is closed and communication is established between pump motor il@ and a selected end of power cylinder 22@ through valve control i3d. Closure of switch 262 energizes a coil Zed in circuit M8 of a steering pump switch 266, thereby closing switch 266 and energizing pump motor liti. Assuming, of course, that the foot pedal 24.16 is engaged, consequent energization of power cylinder 22d will cause the traction wheel 2t? to be turned in the selected direction ror steering the truck.
  • steering of the truck can be effected in normal operation only by means of control handle 24 and with the foot pedal 24@ disengaged.
  • remote control steering can be effected only by means of control valve i3d, power cylinder 22d and associated mechanism, and when the foot pedal 240 is actuated to engaged position.
  • control valve i3d control valve i3d
  • power cylinder 22d power cylinder 22d and associated mechanism
  • foot pedal 240 is actuated to engaged position.
  • Such remote steering control handle 24 merely swings with the drive motor and traction wheel to the right or to the left as the truck is steered remotely, while remaining in a vertical position.
  • remote control steering means comprising reversible motor means connectible to the wheel for turning the wheel in either steering direction, clutch means selectively engaging and disengaging the motor means with the wheel, the normal control means being movable to steer the wheel when the motor means is disengaged frorn the wheel, and motor control means located on the remote control station and operatively connected to the motor means for actuating same in a selected steering direction.
  • a lift truck as claimed in claim l wherein said motor means comprises a hydraulic power cylinder assembly connected to the frame of the lift truck and through said clutch means, when the latter is engaged, to the dirigible wheel, said motor control means including directional control valve means connected to the hydraulic cylinder for operating same in either direction from an elevated position on the remote control station.
  • a lift truck as claimed in claim 3 wherein the operative connection between the hydraulic cylinder and dirigible wheel comprises an upright rotatable shaft member supported upon the truck frame and connected to the wheel by sprocket and chain means, a normally freely rotatable sleeve member on the shaft connected to the operating end of the hydraulic cylinder, a second sleeve means keyed to the shaft, engageable clutch means 'formed between said first and second sleeve members, and ⁇ a control member connected to the second sleeve member for actuating sameV into clutching engagement Si with the first sleeve member, whereupon energization of the hydraulic cylinder assembly effects rotation of said shaft with the first and second sleeve members to rotate the wheel through the sprocket and chain means.
  • a lift truck having a motor driven wheel
  • normal control means located on the truck for edecting tractive movement of the wheel in either a forward or a reverse direction, an extensible upright connected to the truck, and an elevatable load carrying means supported on the upright
  • electrical control means associated with the normal control meansv for eecting elevating movement of the upright, and a remote control station mounted upon the load carrying means and elevatable therewith comprising operator controlled electrical means for controlling the elevation of the remote control station with the load carrving means on the upright, other operator controlled electrical means for operating the motor driven wheel either forward or reverse, and travel limit means operatively connected to the motor driven wheel for deenergizing the wheel upon predetermined elevation of the upright.
  • remote electrical brake control means are associated with the remote forward and reverse travel control means in such a manner that operation of the aforesaid electrical brake and travel control means lirst operates to release brake means and then to energize the motor driven wheel for forward or reverse tractive movement.
  • a lift truck as claimed in claim 5 wherein said travel limit means comprises switch means connected to the upright.
  • a lift truck having a motor driven dirigible wheel, normal control means located on the truck for effecting tractive movement of the wheel in a forward or a reverse direction, other normal control means located on the truck and connected to the wheel for steering same, and an eX- tensible upright connected to the truck and supporting a secondary or remote control station thereon for elevating movement along the upright;
  • remote control steering means including reversible steering motor means connectible to the wheel for turning the wheel in either steering direction, means selectively engaging and disengaging said steering motor means with the wheel, the normal steering control means being movable to steer the wheel when the steering motor means is disengaged from the wheel, and remote'steering motor control means located on the remote control station and operatively connected to the steering motor means for actuating same in a selected steering direction, electrical control means associated with the normal tractive control means for effecting elevating movement of the upright, remote operator controlled electrical means controlling the elevation of the remote control station on the upright, other remote operator controlled electrical means on the remote control station for operating the motor driven wheel in
  • a lift truck as claimed in 9 wherein said means for selectively engaging and disengaging the steering motor means comprises clutch means which permits said wheel to be steered by said normal steering control means when the clutch means disengages thersteering motor means from the wheel and permits said wheel to be steered by said remote steering control means when the clutch means engages the motor means and the wheel.
  • a lift truck having a motor driven dirigible wheel, an extensible upright connected to the truck and supporting a remote control station for elevating movement along the upright, and normal control and motive power means located on the truck for steering the motor driven wheel, for driving said wheel selectively in forward and reverse rotation, for elevating said remote control station along the upright, and for braking said wheel;
  • remote control steering means connectible to the dirigible wheel including means selectively engaging and disengaging the steering means and control means located on the remote control station operatively connected to the remote steering means for actuating same in ⁇ a selected steering direction, remote operator control electrical means operating the motor driven wheel in either forward or reverse rotation, travel limit means operatively connected to the 10 motor driven wheel for de-energizing the wheel upon predetermined elevation of the remote control station in the upright, and remote electrical brake control means associated with said remote forward and reverse driven wheel control means such that said remote brake and driven wheel control means operates sequentially to rst release said brake means and to then energize the motor driven wheel for forward or reverse tractive movement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Description

Jan. 16, 1962 w. A. WILLIAMSON LIFT TRUCK 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed DeC. 29, 1958 INVENTOR.
WILLIAM A. WILLIAMSON 3y/IWW ATTORNEY.
Jan. 16, 1962 w. A. WILLIAMSON LIFT TRUCK 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 29, 1958 INVENTOR.
WILLIAM A. WILLIAMSON ATTORNEY.
Jan. 16, 1.962
Filed Dec. 29, 1958 FIG. 3
DRIVE MOTOR ARM. m |9/"j [48m IGS/- W. A. WILLIAMSON LIFT TRUCK fno 5P 266 I l I26 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 IN VENTOR.
WILLIAM A. WILLIAMSON ATTORNEY nite rates ice 3,016,973 LHT TRUCK William A. Williamson, Battle Creek, Mich., assigner to Clark Equipment Company, a corporation of Michigan Filed Der. 29, 1955, Ser. No. '783,364 12 Claims. (Cl. R52- 14) This invention relates to lift trucks and more particularly to a lift truck providing a remote operator station located on a lifting platform of the truck and from which the truck can be controlled.
Lift trucks of the type contemplated are particularly useful for transporting and locating in elevated position inside of buildings workers who are responsible for maintenance of elevated building Xtures, utilities, machinery and the like, and for the accurate spotting of materials in elevated bins, racks and the like.
It is an important object of the present invention to provide a lift truck which is controllable in all of its functions by an operator located remotely on a lifting platform of the truck.
It is another object of the invention to provide a remote control operator station on the lifting forks of a lift truck from which an operator can control forward and reverse movement of the truck, can steer the truck, can control lifting and lowering of the station on the extensible upright of the truck, and can operate braking mechanism of the truck.
lt is a further object of the present invention to provide control mechanism in a lift truck of the type contemplated both at a remote control station on the lifting forks of the truck and at a location conventional in such trucks, said control mechanism at the remote station providing safety features relative to operation of the travel, lift, and steer functions of the truck.
A still further object of the invention is to provide improved alternate steering systems for steering the truck from a normal or from a remote location on the truck.
A feature of the invention is to provide a remote drive control for the truck which limits the available speed of the truck in a forward direction below the speed available when the truck is driven from the conventional operators station.
Another feature of the invention provides a connection between the remote forward and reverse drive control means and remote lifting means so that the truck can be driven in forward or reverse only when the lifting forks or platform is below a predetermined height in the upright.
of this invention will appear to those familiar with the art from the following detailed description and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings:
FIGURE l is a perspective view of my lift truck taken from the rear, starboard quarter of the truck and showing an operator located at the remote control station in elevated position;
FIGURE 2 is a somewhat schematized plan view of the truck structure shown in FIGURE l, with the remote operators station removed from the lifting forks;
FiGURE 3 is a schematic wiring diagram of the remote and conventional controls of the truck; and
FlGURE 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4--4 of FGURE 2, said section being rotated 90 counterclockwise.
Referring now in detail to the drawings, there is illustrated generally at numeral a straddle stacker type industrial truckV which includes a tractor unit indicated generally at numeral l2, a load carrying unit or trailer frame indicated generally at numeral 14, and a remote control operator station and article handling attachment The above and further objects, features, and advantages associated with the trailer frame and indicated generally at numeral 16.
The tractor unit comprises a powerhead 1S, which includes an electric drive motor (illustrated schematically in FIGURE 3 at 19) mounted in driving association with the traction wheel 2t) and adapted to receive electrical energy from a battery unit located within a battery compartment 22, and a truck control and steering handle 24, which is operatively connected to the traction wheel and the drive motor for turning same in a horizontal plane to steer the truck and which includes an operator control box 26 for operating the truck in forward or reverse drive, for lifting and lowering the forks or platform with which the remote control station 16 is associated and for operating solenoid actuated brake (not shown) associated with the drive motor i9. A hydraulic pump and motor combination and suitable electric and hydraulic control units, cables, hoses and the like (shown in part in FIGURE 3) are all mounted on a battery compartment 22 of the tractor unit l2, being operatively connected to the control box 26 of the steer handle 24, to control lifting and lowering movements of the remote station 16 as will be explained in detail hereinafter. The battery compartment 22 is mounted upon a platform 27 which is spaced above and is parallel to a platform 28 of tractor unit 12.
The load carrying unit or trailer frame 14 comprises generally a U-shaped frame 29 having a pair of Outrigger straddle arms 3i? connected at one end to a telescoping upright or mast 32. The entire frame 29 is supported on, first, two caster wheels 34 (one of which is shown in FIG- URE 1) connected to the mast 32 by a pair of horizontally disposed plates 3l suitably connected tol the mast 26, extending in a direction opposite to the Outrigger arms Sti and partially encompassing the frame 2S of the truck unit, and, second, a pair of trail wheels 36 adjacent the outer ends of the Outrigger arms 3G.
Centrally of the U-shaped frame 29 and the mast 32 is a lifting unit 38 of the remote control station 16. The lifting unit comprises a pair of tines all connected at one end by a cross member 42 which, in turn, cooperates and is suitably connected in known manner to sprocket chains 44, sprockets 46, a power lift piston 43 and roller arrangements Stl and 52 cooperating in channels, such as illustrated in plan in FIGURE 2, all of which are operated by the aforesaid hydraulic pump and motor combination to raise and lower the tines 40 relative to the mast 32 when desired.
The tractor unit 12 `and trailer unit 14 are connected to each other by an articulating coupling means, indicated generally at numeral 56. The coupling comprises gene-rally a connecting plate 58 attached to the: opposite sides of the mast 32 by means of a pair of forwardly extending plate members 69 and having connected to the one surface thereof a pair of laterally spaced and outwardly opening vertical channel members 62 and a centrally disposed rearwardy opening channel member 64. A pair of laterally displaced, longitudinally extending frame members 66 are connected together by means of a vertically extending concave connecting plate 68, and are also secured between the platforms 2,7 and 28. Each of frame members 66 includes a vertically extending section at the forward end thereof supporting a pair of rollers 7@ which are mounted for vertical movement in the corresponding channel members 62, whereas transverse plate member 68 mounts a pair of vertically spaced rollers '72 for vertical movement in intermediate channel member 64, said pairs of rollers 7@ having axes of rotation transverse to the truck and said pair of rollers 72 having axes of rotation longitudinal of the truck. Thus, the tractor and the load carrying units l2 and la are arranged for some vertical parallel or articulated movement relative to each other for permitting the traction wheel 26, which supports the entire tractor unit, free to accommodate any depressions or obstacles in the line of travel to maintain traction throughout. The pairs of rollers 7d and 72 cooperate with the respective channel members 62 and 64 in order to maintain the units 12 and 14 in proper alignment by resisting side and forward thrust, as well as torque forces, which would tend to separate or misalign the said units.
The lift truck 1t) has been described up to this point in rather general terms. The details of construction of the lift truck as thus far described are essentially conventional and form no part of the present invention except as certain portions thereof may appear in combination With remote control means to be described in detail hereinafter. For a more detailed disclosure of the powerhead 18, control handle 24 and associated parts, reference may be had to US. Patents Nos. 2,762,444 and 2,788,093, issued in the names of R. H. Gardner and D. S. Steinberg et al. on September 11, 1956 and April 9, 1957, respectively, and to assignees saies publication entitled Powrworker power, which carries identiiication No. T.C. 90-l057-l5M.
The Gardner patent is, in the main, directed to the manner of mounting the drive head unit, including drive motor 19 and traction wheel Ztl, on a plurality of rollers mounted in a circular track formed by open ring 71 of platform 2g so that the entire drive head unit may rotate with control handle about a vertical axis for steering the truck.
The Steinberg et al. patent discloses a steering handle control, including brake means which is automatically applied to the drive motor whenever the control handle is in either a vertical or horizon-tal position and which is released when the control handle is intermediate such positions. The brake structure which is intended to be utilized in the present lift truck differs essentially from that of said latter patent only in the substitution of an electrically motivated rotary solenoid for the brake shoe control cam linkage of the patent. The solenoid performs the same function as the cam of the patent.
The details of the overall truck configuration, including mounting of the tractor and load carrying units one to the other, is fully disclosed in the co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 727,481, now Patent No. 2,959,235 issued Nov. 8, 196C iiled April 9, 1958 in the names of Deville H. Hubbard, deceased by Martha A. Hubbard et al. (common assignee).
A complete disclosure of the details of the construction of upright 32 appears in the co-pending US. continuation-in-part patent application Ser. No. 760,744, led on September 12, 1958 in the names of Russell Hastings, Jr. et al. (common assignee).
Now referring in detail to the operators remote control station of my invention, station 16 includes a vertically upstanding structure shown generally at numeral 160 which is engageable by and supported upon fcrk tines 40 for vertical movement in upright structure 32 with the forks. Generally, the structure is a fabricated construction and includes a protected operators station, as shown in FIGURE l, forwardly of which is le cated, for example, a pair of vertically spaced roller beds 102 and 104 upon which articles may be supported for subsequent discharge into elevated stationary bins in a warehouse and the like. Of course, any one of a variety of article supporting or handling devices may be supported upon the fork tines forwardly of the remote operat'ors station.
Vertically extending hollow posts 1% and 1&3 are mounted upon opposite side portions of carriage plate member 42 for housing electrical conduits which are adapted to variously connect remote operator control means in circuit with one or more components of the lift truck, including a steer pump motor 110, a lift pump motor 112, the drive motor (armature) 19 and speed and directional controls (including the motor field) 114 and 116 therefor, respectively, a steer pump motor control circuit 118, lift and lower control circuits 129 and 122 for the lift pump motor 112, a remote brake control circuit 124, forward and reverse travel control circuits 126 and 128, and high` speed circuit 130. A battery 132 is adapted to supply electrical energy to all of the foregoing circuits. All of the conventional or normal controls of the various operating components of the lift truck; are located in the control handle 24 and control box 26 thereof which provides a plurality of manually operable switches for operating the truck in forward or reverse, and for lifting and lowering the fork tin in the mast structure. The remote steering control includes manually operable directional valve means 134 located on the post 11i/6 and connected to control power steering means which will be fully described hereinafter. Remote travel control means 136 is also mounted upon post 106 and includes manually operable forward and reverse switches 13S and 140 which are `located in circuits 126 and 128, respectively. Mounted upon post 168 at the opposite side of the truck is a control box 142 which includes manually operable switches 144 and 146 which are adapted to control the lifting `and lowering operation of the lift cylinder construction of the upright 32. Other remote control means which are interrelated automatically with one or more of the foregoing remote controls will be described hereinbelow.
As illustrated schematically in FGURE 3, all of the various foregoing control circuits, both normal and remote, are connected with the battery 132 by means of lead lines 14% and 15G. The lift pump motor 112 is adapted to be connected to drive a hydraulic lift pump for supplying pressure uid to the lift cylinder 48 whenever a normally opened switch 152 is closed. The switch 152 is energized to closed position by a coil 154 whenever the remote switch 144- is closed or a normal switch 156 of control box 26 is closed. Of course, itis assumed that an ignition switch 1S-is closed permitting operation of various ones of the truck components. The operator may thus lift himself to any selected elevation within the range of the mast 32 for performing necessary maintenance work and/ or for conveniently loading and unloading materials on and from the deviceltlti.
In order that the operator may lower the device 16% from the remote control position a lowering switch 146 is provided, as aforesaid, which, when closed, energizes a coil 16d of a solenoid valve which causes the valve to open the lift cylinder to a uid sump for permitting controlled exhaust of the fluid from the lift cylinder with consequent lowering movement of the fork tines du. A normal switch control 162 is connected in parallel with switch 146 and is located at handle control box 26.
It is conventional practice in powered hand trucks of the type disclosed herein to provide brake means at the drive motor which is normally engaged. Thus, if an operator should leave the truck the control handle 2d may be automatically returned to a vertical position wherein the brakes are applied so that the truck cannot move without an operator being in attendance. in order that the brakes be released it is required that the control handle be moved by the operator to a position intermedi ate the vertical and horizontal positions thereof, for example,v whereupon the brake is automatically released so that the drive moto-r may be energized to mobilize the truck. I have provided a brake lsolenoid having a coil 164 in circuit 124 which, when' energized, causes the brake to be released. In operating thetruck in the normal manner by means of control handle 24, movement of the control handle to the aforesaid intermediate position causes a normally open brake switch 166 to be closed which energizes brake solenoid coil 164, thereby releasing the brake. When the truck is operated from the remote control station, however, itis apparent that the brake switch 166 will remain open inasmuch as the control handle 24 is automatically maintained in a vertical position wherein the brake solenoid is normally de-energized which causes the brake to be applied.
Circuit 126 controls the iow speed forward operation of the drive motor. It includes a coil 168 which, when energized, closes a normally open switch 176 and opens a normally closed switch 172 of the series eld 116 of the drive motor, whereby the battery supplies energy through the motor armature and a low speed resistor 174 downwardly through the series iield 116 causing the truck to be driven forwardly at low speed. Coil 168 may be energized by closing a switch 176 in circuit 126, the switch 176 being located on the control box 26 of the control handle. Like vise, the truck may be driven at low speed in reverse by energizing a coil 17S which causes a normally open switch 136 to be closed and a normally closed switch 162 to be opened, whereby the energy supplied by the battery through the armature and low speed resistor 171i moves in the opposite direction or upwardly through the series field causing the motor to be driven in a reverse direction. Coil 178 may be energized by closing manual switch 184 in circuit 123, which latter switch is also located on control. box 26.
In order to operate the truck at high speed in a forward direction, a sequence cont-actor switch 166, which is connected to switch 176, is closed which causes a high speed coil 133 to be energized. Coil 183 closes a normally open high speed switch 119i) in motor speed control circuit 1li:- in parallel Iwith the resistor 17d, and the motor is then operated at relatively high forward speed. A second switch 192 is connected in parallel with switch 136 in high speed circuit 131i and is operated in sequence, but subsequent to, low speed reverse control switch 154, whereby high speed reverse operation of the drive motor may be utilized. However, it will he noted that brake switch 166 must be closed before closure of either of switch units 176, or 13d, 192 will be effective to energize the drive motor. ln other words, unless the control handle 2d is in its intermediate position, switch 166 remain open, the brake remains engaged, and the truck drive motor cannot be energized. This arrangement affords a safety device which permits operation of the truck only after certain positive measures have been taken by the operator.
A pair of brake solenoid switches 194 and 196 are con nected to switches 132 and 146, respectively, and are 1ocated in lines 208 and 266 of circuit 124 which bly-passes brake switch 166. riherefore, the `brake can be released from the remote station by closing either of switches 194 or 196, subsequent to which switch 13S or 146, respectively, may be closed to energize coils 168 or 178 for forward or reverse drive of the truck respectively. It will be noted that a normally closed lift limit switch 262 is located in a line 264 in that portion of circuits 126 and 128 which includes remote control forward and reverse switches 13S and 1de. The lift limit switch is also shown in FIGURE 2, it being secured to the rearward ange of one of the fixed upright channel sections of upright 32 at a pre-selected elevation of, say, six feet. A projection `296 is connected at the lower end of the adjacent extensiie section of the upright in overlapping relation with switch 262. Thus, extension of the inner extensible section of the upright to an elevation of six feet will trip switch 262 to an open position, thereby opening automatically the remote control portions of circuits 126 or 123 so that it will not be possible to drive the truck either in forward or reverse from the remote control position when the predetermined elevation has been exceeded. ln other words, closing either switch 138 or 14d will not energize coils 16d or 173 if limit switch 202 is open. All other remote controls remain operative above said predetermined elevation; ie., the operator may operate the brakes, steer the traction wheel, or extend the upright to maximum elevation. Ti e lift limit switch is utilized as a safety device which prohibits trave-l of the truck from the remote station if the operator is elevated above 5 a predetermined safe height. it will also be understood that the truck may not be operated at high speed from the remote station since the remote travel controls 138 and cannot energize high speed coil 133.
As was pointed out hereinabove, steering is normally accomplished by rotating control handle 24 which swings the traction wheel 26 and the drive motor about the vertical axis thereof in track 74. A power steering system has been devised which permits the truck to be steered when the operator is located at the remote control station. A hydraulic boost cylinder assembly 226 is secured at its base end to a frame member 222 of the tractor unit 12, and is pivotally connected at the piston rod end thereof to a lever member 22d which is secured to a normally freely rotatable sleeve member 226. Extending downwardly just inwardly of the one frame member 66 and through openings in the platform 27, a spacer member 228, sleeve member 226 and a second sleeve member 227 is a shaft 230 which is supported at its lower end in a. bearing 229. A sprocket 232 is mounted on the upper end of shaft 236 above platform 27 and is drivingly connected to a sprocket 233 of the drive motor assembly by means of a chain 235. The sleeve 227 is connected to shaft 236 by means of a key 23d and is formed to provide on opposite sides of the upper edge thereof a groove 236 which is registrable with projection 238 formed on opposite sides of the lower edge of sleeve 226, said groove and projection together forming clutch means which when engaged connect power cylinder 220 to shaft 236 for rotating sprocket 232 by way of sleeves 226 and 227.
A foot lever 246 extends through an opening 242 in the one frame member 66 and is pivotally mounted on a supporting member 24d; it extends laterally outwardly of the battery compartment 22 and inwardly of the frame member to pivotally connect with a sleeve member 248 by means of a yoke and pin means 246. Sleeve 248 is slidable on shaft 236 and is urged downwardly thereon by means of a spring 25) mounted upon the shaft between sleeve members 227 and 246. A second spring member 252 is also mounted on shaft 236 in an enlarged portion of the opening through sleeve member 227 and between sleeve members 226 and 227.
When the foot pedal 2do is moved in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in FIGURE 4, to a disengaged position, spring 256 elongates permitting spring 252 to separate clutch members 236 and 228 of sleeves 226 and 227. When the clutch is thus disengaged, energization of power cylinder 226 will rotate sleeve 226 freely on shaft 236 and eects no steering action. However, when foot pedal 2d@ is actuated in a clockwise direction to the solid line position illustrated in FGURE 4, spring 256 is forced upwardly in compression with sleeve member 268 to actuate sleeve member 227 upwardly along shaft 23@ and engage ciutch members 236 and 233. lf double-acting cylinder 226 is now energized for either extension or retraction of the piston rod thereof, rotation of sleeve 226 will, through the clutch connection to sieeve 227, cause the latter sleeve to rotate with sleeve 226, which in turn actuates shaft 236 in rotation by means of the key connection 234 thereof to sleeve 227. Rotation of shaft 230 causes sprocket 232 to rotate, thereby rotating the drive motor and traction wheel through the sprocket and chain connection 233, 23S. Steering of the truck in either direction may be thus effected by energizing power cylinder 22d to either extend or retract the piston rod thereof.
The steering control valve 134 is connected by hydraulic lines, not shown, intermediate the steering pump motor 111i and the power cylinder Pump motor 1.16- is, of course, connected to a hydraulic sump, not shown, and is adapted to supply pressurized duid to the power cylinder 226 through directional valve 134, the low pressure side of cylinder 226 always being connected to the sump.
When the control valve l131i is located in its neutral position a normally open switch 262 (FIGURE 3) is open and the steer pump motor 116 remains inactive. lf the 0perator should now move the directional lever in one direction, switch 262 is closed and communication is established between pump motor il@ and a selected end of power cylinder 22@ through valve control i3d. Closure of switch 262 energizes a coil Zed in circuit M8 of a steering pump switch 266, thereby closing switch 266 and energizing pump motor liti. Assuming, of course, that the foot pedal 24.16 is engaged, consequent energization of power cylinder 22d will cause the traction wheel 2t? to be turned in the selected direction ror steering the truck.
It will be understood that steering of the truck can be effected in normal operation only by means of control handle 24 and with the foot pedal 24@ disengaged. On the other hand, remote control steering can be effected only by means of control valve i3d, power cylinder 22d and associated mechanism, and when the foot pedal 240 is actuated to engaged position. During such remote steering control handle 24 merely swings with the drive motor and traction wheel to the right or to the left as the truck is steered remotely, while remaining in a vertical position.
From the above it will now be understood that I have provided a remote control system for lift trucks which can be utilized to perform all normal truck functions, including driving, steering, braking, lifting and lowering, but with safety limitations on available speed and maximum fork elevation while the truck is being driven from the remote position.
`It will be understood that changes in construction and the arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from lthe field and scope of my invention, and l intend to include all such variations, as fall within the scope of the appended claims, in this application in which the preferred form only of my invention has been disclosed.
I claim:
1. in a lift truck having a motor driven dirigible wheel, normal control means located on the truck and connected to the wheel for steering same, and an extensible upright connected to the truck and supporting a secondary or remote control station thereon for elevating movement along the upright; remote control steering means comprising reversible motor means connectible to the wheel for turning the wheel in either steering direction, clutch means selectively engaging and disengaging the motor means with the wheel, the normal control means being movable to steer the wheel when the motor means is disengaged frorn the wheel, and motor control means located on the remote control station and operatively connected to the motor means for actuating same in a selected steering direction.
2. A lift truck as claimed in claim l wherein the dirigible wheel is steerable by said normal control means only when said clutch means disengages the motor means from the wheel and is steerable by said remote control means only when said clutch means engages the motor means and the wheel. i
3. A lift truck as claimed in claim l wherein said motor means comprises a hydraulic power cylinder assembly connected to the frame of the lift truck and through said clutch means, when the latter is engaged, to the dirigible wheel, said motor control means including directional control valve means connected to the hydraulic cylinder for operating same in either direction from an elevated position on the remote control station.
4. A lift truck as claimed in claim 3 wherein the operative connection between the hydraulic cylinder and dirigible wheel comprises an upright rotatable shaft member supported upon the truck frame and connected to the wheel by sprocket and chain means, a normally freely rotatable sleeve member on the shaft connected to the operating end of the hydraulic cylinder, a second sleeve means keyed to the shaft, engageable clutch means 'formed between said first and second sleeve members, and `a control member connected to the second sleeve member for actuating sameV into clutching engagement Si with the first sleeve member, whereupon energization of the hydraulic cylinder assembly effects rotation of said shaft with the first and second sleeve members to rotate the wheel through the sprocket and chain means.
5. In a lift truck having a motor driven wheel, normal control means located on the truck for edecting tractive movement of the wheel in either a forward or a reverse direction, an extensible upright connected to the truck, and an elevatable load carrying means supported on the upright; electrical control means associated with the normal control meansv for eecting elevating movement of the upright, and a remote control station mounted upon the load carrying means and elevatable therewith comprising operator controlled electrical means for controlling the elevation of the remote control station with the load carrving means on the upright, other operator controlled electrical means for operating the motor driven wheel either forward or reverse, and travel limit means operatively connected to the motor driven wheel for deenergizing the wheel upon predetermined elevation of the upright.
6. A lift truck as claimed in claim 5l wherein said normal control means for driving the wheel in a forward or reverse direction includes low and high speed selection switches, and said remote control means for driving the wheel includes only low speed selection switches.
7. A lift truck as claimed in claim 5 wherein remote electrical brake control means are associated with the remote forward and reverse travel control means in such a manner that operation of the aforesaid electrical brake and travel control means lirst operates to release brake means and then to energize the motor driven wheel for forward or reverse tractive movement.
8. A lift truck as claimed in claim 5 wherein said travel limit means comprises switch means connected to the upright.
9. ln a lift truck having a motor driven dirigible wheel, normal control means located on the truck for effecting tractive movement of the wheel in a forward or a reverse direction, other normal control means located on the truck and connected to the wheel for steering same, and an eX- tensible upright connected to the truck and supporting a secondary or remote control station thereon for elevating movement along the upright; remote control steering means including reversible steering motor means connectible to the wheel for turning the wheel in either steering direction, means selectively engaging and disengaging said steering motor means with the wheel, the normal steering control means being movable to steer the wheel when the steering motor means is disengaged from the wheel, and remote'steering motor control means located on the remote control station and operatively connected to the steering motor means for actuating same in a selected steering direction, electrical control means associated with the normal tractive control means for effecting elevating movement of the upright, remote operator controlled electrical means controlling the elevation of the remote control station on the upright, other remote operator controlled electrical means on the remote control station for operating the motor driven wheel in either forward or reverse, and travel limit means operatively connected to the motor driven wheel for cle-energizing the wheel upon predetermined elevation of the remote control station.
l0. A lift truck as claimed in 9 wherein said means for selectively engaging and disengaging the steering motor means comprises clutch means which permits said wheel to be steered by said normal steering control means when the clutch means disengages thersteering motor means from the wheel and permits said wheel to be steered by said remote steering control means when the clutch means engages the motor means and the wheel.
ll. A lift truck as claimed in claim 9 wherein remote electrical brake control means is associated with the remote operator controlled means for operating the motor driven wheel such that said remote electrical brake and motor driven wheel control means operates in sequence to rst release the brake means and to then energize the driven wheel for forward or reverse tractive movement.
12. In a lift truck having a motor driven dirigible wheel, an extensible upright connected to the truck and supporting a remote control station for elevating movement along the upright, and normal control and motive power means located on the truck for steering the motor driven wheel, for driving said wheel selectively in forward and reverse rotation, for elevating said remote control station along the upright, and for braking said wheel; remote control steering means connectible to the dirigible wheel including means selectively engaging and disengaging the steering means and control means located on the remote control station operatively connected to the remote steering means for actuating same in `a selected steering direction, remote operator control electrical means operating the motor driven wheel in either forward or reverse rotation, travel limit means operatively connected to the 10 motor driven wheel for de-energizing the wheel upon predetermined elevation of the remote control station in the upright, and remote electrical brake control means associated with said remote forward and reverse driven wheel control means such that said remote brake and driven wheel control means operates sequentially to rst release said brake means and to then energize the motor driven wheel for forward or reverse tractive movement.
References Cited in the ile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,052,200 Logan Aug. 25, 1936 2,376,875 Honig May 29, 1945 2,402,579 Ross June 25, 1946 2,592,091 Weaver Apr. 8, 1952 2,632,530 Wagner Mar, 24, 1953 2,754,087 Johnson July 10, 1956 2,761,569 Iserman Sept. 4, 1956 2,787,278 Mitchell Apr. 2, 1957
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