US2968811A - Fastener device - Google Patents

Description

R. w. HENNING rAL 2,968,811

Jap, 24, 1961 FASTENER DEVICE 2 sheets-sheet 1 Filed Jan. 21, 1955 INVENTORS.' ROBERT W. HENNING ROGER MARSH om Nm wom @m o mw vm ww=lzlll|| i. l [la M SMM .lilfilllilf /Jrlllrzvh x a ATTORNE' Jan. 24, y1961 R. w. HENNING ETAL v 2,968,811

FASTENER DEVICE Filed Jan. 21, 1955 v 2 sheets-sheet 2 UWE@ ATTORNEY EASTENER DEVICE Robert W. Henning, VRocky River, .and` Roger Marsh, Hudson, Ohio,. assignors, `by .mesne assignments, to @lin Mathieson l.ChemicalflCorporation, a corporation of-Virginia Filed ran. zi, 195s, ser. No. 483,202

`6 claims. (cl. `1-105) This invention relates to improvements-.in a fastener driving tool and more speciiicallyzto a tool of.the..exp1o sive powder actuated type.

This invention relates to a type of toolhavinga barrel telescopically or reciprocatably carried inra separable housing which may be split open for. reloading between a front housing portion which carriesthe barrel assembly anda rear housing portion which carries the actuating Y For convenience of reference to thetool shownlin Serial No, 355,034the same reference charactersare used .to designate identical or analogous parts.

One object of this invention is to worka distribution of the recoil shock forces-inexplosivev operated stud driving tools when they are used with relatively high powder charges and with studs of relatively largel caliber in heavy duty operation where recoil forces .of yhigh magnitude are met. Such forces in heavy duty operation toolsarelikely to be transmitted in such a wayas to result inttool breakage and unsafe operation. advantages of the invention .will.bemoreclearlyunderstood-fromthe-following.,description of this invention and the yaccompanying drawings .which illustrates .a typical preferred embodiment of theimprovedtool. Figure-1 This and other..objects :and i? of the drawing is a crosssectional longitudinal view -of 'f a preferred tool embodimentwith the vmuzzle of the barrel 22 shown pressed against thework piece or supporting object 25 and with the toclhousing or casingpressed toward the work at. which position the tool may be said to be in the ready-to-reposition. Figure 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view taken. on line II-II ofA Figure i, omitting the. cartridge case. Figure 3 isa fragmentary partly cross-sectional view Itakencn lineIII-Hliof Figure-.2 toy illustrate the extractor mechanism `employed and Y vier/- through thezbarrel receiver assembiywith the vrear portion pivotally separated. from-.the front or barrel section. Figure 7 is a transverse.cross-sectional View taken on line VII- YH of Figure 6. C

Ingeneral, it is proposed toprovidepthe-tool withnovel wsstruction .for ,transmitting-.the .reesiliors advanta- Patented Jan. 24, 196i geously. Specifically a recoilcollariS Provided on .the barrel and preferably mountedadjustably as by being threaded onto the barrel. The tool has a barrel receiver and a breech block receiver and these members are detachably interlocked as are the barrel and breech block. The barrel is slidably secured in the-barrel receiver at the front portion of the tool randthe breech block is slidably secured in the breech block receiver at the rear section of the tool. As the muzzle of thebarrel is pressed against the work surface the barrel receiver is telescoped forwardly with respect to said barrel until the collar engages the barrel stop which is fixed to the barrel receiver. The relative position of the breech block which is interlocked with the barrel in the-operative position, also is changed with respectto the-advanced receiver. When the tool is initially assembled, the collar, which is threadably adjustable on the barrel is adjusted sothat it engages the barrel stop. A setgscrew in the collar is then tightened against the barrel to lock thetcollar in its adjusted position. Hence, when the gun is tired, the recoilis transmitted. directly to the. barrel receiver rather than being transmitted circuitously fromthebarrel and the breech block to the breech block receiver and then through thebarrel receiver and breech block Areceiver interlocking means to the barrel receiver.

The tool as shown in Figures 1 and 6 of the drawing consists of a pistol grip or other suitable handle 20 at the rear carried fast on a rear housingtl, `a barrel 22 housed largely in an outer rfront housing tube 54 which in turn is carried on an outertube ycollar 51 connectable with the rear housing Sii. Tube collar 51 engages threadedly with the interior ofthe outer front-housingtube 54. Extending from the rear end of collar lSkal-id integral therewith is a bayonet type of connectionlof vthe:interrupted type consisting of circumierentiallygspacedlugslb extending for example,` radially-outwardlytso as tobe adaptable for engagement with a corresponding set of lugs 63 spaced circumferentialiyand extending radially inwardlyL as a part of the front portion oft-heiiring mechanism-or rear housing 3G as shown in detail inzFigures 4 and 5. The-barrel Z2 is adapted for separable `er1 gagement.with a breech block 37 which is providedY with a tiringpin criiice 37a. Breech block-37 is provided `withan-interrupted female thread 37t for releasable eng-agement with a male interrupted thread 22t formed about the .breech of barrel 22. This arrangement .provides a .closure admitting o-f easy opening and closing withv respect to the breech of the barrel at which an-explosivepower cartridge 23a is seated for driving the fastener 2312.f0n ejection from themuzzle of the barrel 22 To preventthebarrel ZZafter it has been inserted ylongitudinally intov the breech block or-lock from being turned into boltedrpositio-n, there is provided a lip or projection fiiiion-the vbarrel out-of `pitch .with the group of threads 2 2; lwith-'which it is associated-(Figures 3 and 6).l Unless the-barrel has .been inserted-tothe required full depthat whichy it abutsr the base -of ,-the recess in block v37, the lip 40.03will-not register with any clearance ,which permits lrotation tothe lockedposition.

For the extractionv of the cartridge 23a thebreech of the barrel is cut awaydat 5.00 and block V37 has an `extractor ringer 5M associated with an extractorspring 5Min accordance with aforementioned Serial; No.423, 650.

Mounted circumferentially about the .barrel 221is a barrel stopyor. collar .Sitfwhich-is fixed in proper position ori-barrel Zsothat withrespect tocollar 300 there can be reciprocation telescopically of .the inner `barrel tube 3M and withrespect to thebarrel`l22-las thepparts--telescope in operation. Innerbarreltube 301 is carried coaxia-lly within the front housing tube 545.0. as to be disposed in abutment withthestop portionv orrfrontof outer tube collar 51. In effect` tubeftil.v is an extension ofcollar Siwith additional clearance between it and the barrel for longitudinal passage of recoil collar 300. Tube 301 is also abuttable with respect to a pair of split annular, D-shaped gripper members 80 which serve as a lock or latch under the impetus of an annular C21-shape spring 81 biasing members 80 inwardly to engage in the groove 22e on the periphery of the barrel. Members 80 have a conical female surface which coact with the corresponding male surface of barrel lock release 82 which in turn is acted upon by a barrel spring 26 which under compression acts to normally keep the shield tube 70 and the shield 24 carried on tube 70 extended forwardly with respect to the front housing 54. In the event the safety member having a shield 24 is removed from the tool, spring 26 no longer acts on release 82 and spring 81 is free to force members 80 into the circumferential groove 22e and thus prevent the relative movement between the housing and barrel necessary for operation of the tool.

The handle or grip is mounted on the cup shaped rear housing 30 the front portion of which includes the connection means which protrude forwardly from the handle 20. Mounted for rotatable movement through a limited arc with respect to rear housing 30 is a mounting ring 58 having a pair of slotted ears, which in turn are adapted to pivot about a connecting pin 61 and to also have limited longitudinal motion with respect to pin 61 which in turn is mounted fixedly with respect to the front housing tube S4 and its outer tube collar 51. This arrangement permits the rear housing and its assembly of parts, which includes the cooking pin 40 carried on the breech block which takes the form of block 37, the spring biased firing pin 34, the firing pin pawl 42, the trigger 46 and also the breech block return spring 38, to be separable as a single captive unit from the front housing and its assembled members.

The barrel stop or collar 300 is mounted in a certain position on the barrel 22 so that when the tool is pressed against the work as shown in Figure 1 of the drawing the collar 300 is in abutment with the front or stop surface of outer tube collar 51. In this position upon tiring of the tool recoil forces can be transmitted directly in a large measure through the collar 300 to the tube collar 51 and to the front housing tube 54 so as to enable the addition of the inertia of the mass of front housing including the tube 54 to assist in resisting the recoil forces without breakage of more delicate parts in the tool. For example, under extremely heavy duty operation the barrel 22 and breech lock or block 37 move rearwardly under the recoil forces striking the tiring mechanism housing 30 with impact. This impact force is then transmitted through the bayonet fitting or connection between housing 30 and the outer tube collar 51 to put a recoil force on the front housing tube 54. This transmission of forces has been found to put the connection between the front and rear housing under heavy stress which is likely to result in breakage of the lugs 63 and 51b with a resultant danger ous and unexpected separation of the halves of the tool under extremely heavy duty operation. It will be evident that the recoil member 300 is adapted to take the bull: of the recoil force so that the aforementioned lugs or other relatively delicate sections of the tool such as the interrupted threads between the barrel 22 and the breech block 37 are not put under excessive strain. As a result of this invention the capacity of this type of tool is considerably extended to enable safe operation with heavy loads and large calibers.

Threaded mounting of the barrel stop collar 300 enables accurate positioning of the collar with respect to the abutting or stop surface of the outer tube collar 51 to obtain the desired stress distribution at the time of recoil of the barrel as shown in Figure 1. When properly positioned collar 300 is locked on barrel 22 by any suitable means such as set screw 302. Y

In operation, the tool is rst loaded in the position assumed when the halves of the tool are separated pivotally 'as shown in Figure 6; With the projectible fastener 23b and the caltridge 23a emplaced in the barrel, the breech receiver assembly is swung, pushed and turned into engagement with the barrel receiver assembly as shown in Figure 1. Preparatory to ring the tool is then put into the ready-to-re position shown in Figure 1 where the muzzle of the barrel is thrust into abutment with the work surface 25 while the tool casing, including the front and rear receivers, is telescoped forwardly or in the direction of the muzzle of the barrel placing the initiating parts of the tool into the relationship shown in Figure l. In this position the barrel 22 is retracted relative to the tool housing or casing, which is to say the casing is disposed forwardly with respect to the barrel as it is pressed against the work. The tool operator in order to fire the tool then need only pull the trigger 46 so as to release the ring pin 34. The resultant recoil force is then redistributed by means of recoil collar 300 so that the peak forces in the housing parts of the tool can be more of a compressive nature rather than of a tensile nature, especially in those parts more likely to fail in tension than in compression such as the lugs 51b and 63. At least excessive peak stress distribution is avoided.

Upon completion of the driving operation, the operator need then merely release the thrust upon the tool and by suitable rotation of the handle 20 through an angle of about 45 followed by a longitudinal rearward pull put the barrel receiver assembly and the rear receiver assembly in position for pivotal separation as shown in Figure 6. In the course of this movement, the longitudinal separation brings the extractor finger 501 into operation so that when the tool is pivotally separated the cartridge 23a is extracted.

Since other embodiments and changes and modiiications of the embodiment described within the spirit and scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art, it is to be understood that this invention is not to be limited except as set forth in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. An explosively actuated tool for driving a fastener and the like comprising a barrel with a bore for ejecting said fastener and for carrying an explosive power cartridge, a separable tool housing having a front portion and a rear portion carrying a firing means and releasably engageable with said front portion, a breech block for releasable engagement with the breech of said barrel to permit loading and removal of said power cartridge, said block being carried in longitudinal telescoping relationship with said rear portion, said barrel being carried in longitudinal telescoping relationship with said front housing portion movable over said barrel, said housing being movable forwardly with respect to said barrel and block when they are interengaged as a unit for operable coaction of said cartridge and said tiring means, said block being abuttable against a surface of said rear portion, shoulder means on said barrel for abutment of said shoulder means with said front housing portion when said engaged barrel and block are in position for engagement with the ring means, whereby recoil forces can be passed from said barrel and block to the front of said housing directly.

2. The tool of claim 1 wherein said shoulder means is screw threadedly adjustable on said barrel for propor tioning the transmittal of the recoil forces passed to the front housing portion.

3. The tool of claim 1 which includes a safety shield member for coaction with the muzzle of the tool barrel, resilient means one end of which acts on said member and urges it forwardly with respect to said barrel, barrel latch means mounted between said barrel and front housing portion for preventing relative movement of said housign with respect to said barrel and operable coaction of the cartridge and firing means unless the shield member is in place and detected by said resilient means in which event the other end of said resilient means acts on one end of said latch means while the other end of said latch means is in operative abutment with a part of the front housing portion, and connecting means between said latch means and portion for providing said necessary abutment, said connecting means beingof sutcient length and having suflcient spacing from said barrel to provide clearance for receiving the shoulder means at and between the extremes of the relative telescoping movement of the tool.

4. The tool of claim 3 wherein the connecting means is a tubular member separate from any part of the front housing portion.

5. In an explosively actuated tool for driving a fastener and the like having a cartridge receiving and fastener projecting barrel mounted in a coaxial housing portion, said barrel and housing being in telescopically movable relationship with respect toreach other, a breech block interengageable with said barrel and mounted in a breech closure housing portion movably mounted with respect to said other housing portion, means for interlocking said portions, and a recoil collar made fast on said barrel and adapted for abutment with a part of said rst housing Lportion for receiving and directly passing at least a part of the recoil forces to said rst portion of the housing when said cartridge is red whereby excessive peak stress distribution in said housing portions is substantially prevented.

6. The tool of cla-im 5 wherein the recoil collar is made fast to one of said barrel and rst housing portion and is adapted for longitudinal adjustment thereon for abutment with a part of the other of said barrel and first housing portion.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,645,772 Walker July 21, 1953

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