US2664153A - Variable outlet gas burner - Google Patents

Description

P. F. SWENSON EI'AL Dec. 29, 1953 VARIABLE OUTLET GAS BURNER 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 7, 1948 B 5:1 m m 4. a M l- M M il EE w 5 mm, m 9 m wet. w 5 1 Z/ F A M P V k\ 24 L 26, i, 20 .21L 30 1 Dec. 29, 1953 P. F. SWENSON ETAL VARIABLE OUTLET GAS BURNER Filed July '7, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 1953 P. F. SWENSON ETAL 2,664,153

VARIABLE OUTLET GAS BURNER 45 IIIIIIIIIIA 440 1 y g! 1 ll 44 4E 79 J42 I 5 got 720 i 5 JIM 75 I 5 46 i I L1-H 58 41 ua v v/ I j x01- 1 I.

Patented Dec. 29, 1953 VARIABLE OUTLET GA'S'BURNER" Paul F. Swenson, Cleveland Heights; and Milton F- Pravda, Bedford, Ohio, assignors to The Cleveland Research Corporation,. Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio ApplicationJuly- 7; 1948, Serial No. 37,347

22 Claims.

This; invention relates to gas. burnersof the mixing; type having simultaneously operated con.- trols'for controlling a velocity gas stream being supplied and for controlling the resulting gas and. air: mixture and relates, more particularly,to an improved construction enabling a burner of this type tooperate'efiiciently on various gaseous fuels of different B. t. u. values.

Gas burners as heretofore used have been built to suit .the requirements of the particular gaseous fuelswhichis available for'the burners and when a. change is made from one type of gaseous fuel to another such as from natural gas to artificial gasor-vice-versa, orwhen a gas stove orpthe like embodying: burners builtfor one type of gas is soldforuse in a location having another type of gas, it has been necessary to alter the burners accordingly. These alterations can sometimes be made. by drilling out certain openings of the burners butin other cases mav require the sub stitution of different burner parts or of a completely diiTerent burner assembly. Furthermore,- thesealterations usually require the services. of. skilled workmen and also make it necessary for.

stove dealers to carry supplies of such different I burners and difierent burner'parts in stock.

An important object of the present invention is'to'eliminate this troublesome situation and; in so. doing, provides an improved'gas burner construction such. that the same identical burner will. operate in a safe and efiicient manner-and with a very satisfactory turndown ratio for. any one of numerous different gaseous fuels having widely' varying B. t. u. values; without requiring any substitution or alteration in any of the burner parts;

Another important object of this invention isto; provide a simple and compact gas burner, in which the velocity discharge of gas andthe delivery of the gas and air mixture are varied Si? v multaneously by novel means so as to produce an eihcient; safe and reliable functioning throughout the entire range of burner operation.

Still another object of this invention is to provide animproved gas burner of the-type utilizing the velocity discharge of gas from a valve open-- ing ororifice' to produce a gas and air'mixture.

andiin whichthe'valve opening-or orifice is. such that the" flow capacity thereof will be self-adiusting to substantially suit the B. t. a. value of tion-ofvalve-opening-movement such'that it will.

increase progressively in size intwo different die rections;during"the opening or uncovering thereof by the actuation of, the valve.

Another object:is. to provide an improved? gas burner. of the-:mixing-tube. type having a gascone trol valve for controlling the velocity gas discharge and'amovable shutter means for controlling he deiivery of thegas and air mixture; and in whichnovel means isremployed for actuating contr l valve shutter means from singl control shaft;

Yet: another object isto providean improved gas burner'of the character mentionedlin which adjusting means of a novel construction permits the. control .valve' actuation tobe calibrated relative to the actuation of the shutter meanszso-that eflicient combustionrof thegas as well as a safe and satisfactory operation of. the. burner: will be readily obtainable.

Asafurther object, thisinvention provides an improved. gas .burnerof' the mixing-tube, typet embodying: a. pairof control, devices comprising a valve fori'controllingithe velocity gas discharge and a shutter: means for controlling the delivery of the gas and air mixture, and inwhich a single controlshaft has: both rotary and axial movement, of which the rotary movementis utilized to actuate zonerof said control. devices and the axial movement. isutilized' to; actuate the other control device.

It is also an object ofthisinvention to provide improved. gasburner which includes, a pilot burnerhaving ainovel gastfiltering' means.-

Still another object is-toiprovide an improved gas burnerxof.thecharacter mentioned in which the: mixing tube is" mounted. in upright relation one frame having: spaced upright arms and the actuating means for the control devices of the burner are-:mounted on one of theupright. arms and a pilot burner: is mounted. on the other upright arm.

Yet another object is to provide an improved gas burner of the character referred to in which the frame of the burner has a lateral arm portion connecting the spaced upright arms and on which the orifice is located in cooperating relation to the lower end'of the-mixing tube and is adapted to be supplied with gas from a valve chamber contained in such lateral arm portion.

A further object is to provide an improved gas burner of' the character mentioned which can be-economicallymanufactured and is well suited for use on' stoves andthe like andwhich can beeasily:disassembledfor cleaning purposes.

An additional object: of this invention is; to

provide an improved gas burner of th kind indicated in which adjustable means of a novel form is employed for controlling the air intake and in which the removal and replacement of the burner tube can be readily accomplished without disturbing the adjustment of such air intake control means.

The invention can be further briefly summarized as consisting in certain novel combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and particularly set out in the claims hereof.

In the accompanying sheets of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a gas burner embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken therethrough substantially on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side View of the burner as seen from the control side thereof but with the control handle omitted;

Fig. 4 is a partial vertical section taken through the burner on line 4-4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a partial transverse section taken substantially on line 5-5 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view on an enlarged scale showing the gas control valve and 1;.

the gas discharge orifice thereof;

Fig. I is a fragmentary vertical section on an enlarged scale taken longitudinally through the gas control valve, as indicated by line of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary vertical section on an enlarged scale taken transversely of the gas control valve, as indicated by line 88 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary vertical section taken through the supply end of the gas control valve, as indicated by line 9-9 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 10 is a transverse section taken through the burner tube and shutter member, as indicated by line |0|0 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 11 is a side view showing one of the air intake control members in detached relation;

Fig. 12 is a vertical section similar to Fig. 2, but showing a modified form of gas burner;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary transverse section taken on line |3|3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary vertical section taken on line |4-|4 of Fig. 13;

Fig. 15 is a partial vertical section taken through one of the pilot burners and the adjacent portion of the main burner, as indicated by line |5|5 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary vertical section taken through the supply end of the gas control valve, as indicated by line |6|6 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 17 is a partial transverse section taken on line ll-IT of Fig. 12 and showing the adjustable fulcrum of the actuating means for the gas control valve;

Fig. 18 is a vertical section similar to Fig. 2, but showing another modified form of gas burner;

Fig. 19 is a partial plan view of the modified burner of Fig. 18; and

Fig. 20 is a transverse section taken on line 20-26 of Fig. 18.

Proceeding now with a more detailed description of the invention and referring first to the preferred embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1 to 11 inclusive, the burner It! comprises a support or base II and a gas and air mixing tube |2 mounted thereon in upright relation. The burner also embodies a control shaft i3 and a pair of control devices comprising a gas control valve I4 and a shutter member l5. As explained in detail hereinafter, the shaft |3 causes actuation of the valve l4 so as to control the delivery of a velocity stream of gas to the tube 2 from a metering port or orifice I60, and also actuates the shutter member I5 for varying the size of the combustion opening it from which the gas and air mixture is delivered for burning as a sustained flame.

The support I l is here shown as comprising a one-piece frame having laterally spaced upright arm portions l8 and I8 and a laterally extending arm portion 29 which integrally connects the upright arm portions at their lower ends. The gas control valve I4 is located in the lateral arm portion 20 of the frame and for this purpose the lateral arm portion is provided with a bore or valve chamber 2| which extends longitudinally therein. The orifice |6a is adapted to be supplied with gas from the valve chamber 2| and is defined by the uncovered portion of a radial hole |6 located at the top of the lateral arm portion 20 at a point substantially midway between the upright arm portions l8 and |9. The hole |6, and hence the size of the orifice lGa is controlled by a valve member 22 which is reciprocably movable in the valve chamber 2 The frame H is provided on one side thereof with a tapped opening 23 through which gas of suitable characteristics is supplied to the burner from an appropriate source as by means of the pipe or conduit 23a. The threaded opening 23 communicates with an inlet chamber 24 from which the gas is supplied to the valve chamber 2| through the central passage 25 of a sleeve 26 which is mounted in the inlet end of the valve chamber and extends longitudinally thereof to a point adjacent the hole l6. Gas is supplied to the sleeve passage 25 from the inlet chamber 24 through the radial port 21 of the sleeve 26. The inner end of the sleeve 26 forms a valve seat 28 surrounding the passage 25 and adapted to be engaged by an end of the valve member 22 as will be explained in greater detail hereinafter. The outer end of the sleeve 26 constitutes a screw plug portion 26a which closes the outer end of the valve chamber 2|.

The control valve |4 also includes a valve stem 30 on the inner end of which the valve member 22 is mounted as by means of the screw 3| and whose outer end projects from the valve chamber 2| through the bushing 32 for connection with the valve actuating mechanism to be described hereinafter. The valve member 22 is urged toward engagement with the valve seat 28 by means of a compression spring 33 disposed around the valve stem 30. The spring 33 has one end thereof in engagement with the bushing 32 and its other end in engagement with a spring seat 34 which is in the form of a shoulder or collar surrounding the inner end of the valve stem and engaging the adjacent end of the valve member 22.

The burner tube |2 comprises a metal tube or sleeve having a central passage 36 extending axially therethrough. The tube is mounted on the frame H by having its lower end snugly received between the upright arm portions l8 and I3. The arm portion |9 has an upright arcuate bearing surface 31 thereon for cooperation with one side of the burner tube l2 and the upright arm portion l8 has a movable detent 38 therein for engagement with the opposite side of the burner tube. At or adjacent the lower end of the up right arcuate bearing surface 31 the arm portion I9 is provided with a stop element in the form of a shoulder 39 which is adapted to be engaged by the lower end of the burner tube l2 for spacture than the burnertube I2 so that'the wall of? the burner tube will be engaged only along axial lines at arouately spaced points thereof; asin'dicated at 31a and 31b in Fig. 1'. The'detent' 38 is here shown as having a substantially c'onashaped tip 3811 which is engageable in an ext'er-nalan nular groove 52a provided on the burner tube I2 adjacent the lowerend thereofi The detent 38 isurged in a directionforthe-engagementof its pointed end 38a in the-groove 120. by means 'of t'he' compression spring ll. v

The burner II) is provided at the upper end thereof with a cap 13 which is spaced" from the upper end of the burner tube- 52' so as to define therewith the annular dischargeopeningor combustion orifice H from which the gas and air mixture issues for burning as a sustained flame, asmentioned above. The. cap 43 is a disk-like member which, in this instance, is' mounted on the. burner tube I2 by, means of'the central post 44 andthe transverse ribi45. The upper'end of the burner tube preferably has an outturnedan nular bead or flange 4B thereon forming'a guide means for the upper end of :the shutter member IS.

The shutter. member I5 is in. the form of'a. sleeve which extends coaxially with the burner. tube I2 and is disposed in telescoping. relation therearound. The shutter member. is. movable axially of the burner tube by mechanism to be presently described so that the upper endthereof' is movable toward andaway from the-cap 43'f'or controlling the. size of the delivery opening IT.

From the construction and arrangement of the. parts embodied in the burner I0 as thus far described, itwill be seen that the. burner tube I2. ismounted on the frame I! so as to extend in vertical relation over the. discharge orifice IBa ofthe gas controlor metering valve I4 The. discharge ofa velocity streamof. gas upwardly into.

the'burner. tube i2 by. the.v orifice Ilia inducesa flow of combustionair. into. thalower ends of. the.

burner. tube through the. airinlet-openings 40'. The. air. becomes thoroughly: mixed with thegas.

stream to produce agasand. air mixture. stream; which flows upwardly through thepassage. 36.. of the burner tube andis discharged through-the combustion opening Il. Since. the. shutter member I5.controls thesize of the delivery opening. I!

it also controls the. amount of air. which. will be. drawn into the burner tube through. the-opening.

by the gas stream.

The .controlshaft I 3. is mountedin the uprightarm portion I8 of the frame H andincludes. a.

plain shaft portion 4! and athreaded shaft-pot I3 during rotation thereof. The: inner endof the shaft l3 extends into a space Mi -located between:

the burner tube i2 and the upright armportion I8- and has a rotary cam 5e mounted thereon. The

inner end of the shaftis here shown as beinga reduoed portion 5| of square or. othertnon-circular:

form. on.which the carnidis securedby; meansroi.

the head 52.. The shaft I I 3 isprovidedxat its. outer.

end with an extension shaft 53 whichiislconne'ctedr therewith by means of the sleeve adapter. The:

extension shaft 53 has a suitabl'eknob'orihandle55 mounted thereon which is adaptedto be graspedfor manual actuation of the shaft I3;

The cam 50 cooperateswith a cam followerifi which is connected with: the shutter member I5 so that rotation of the shaft I3' in a counter=-- clockwise direction, such as is customarily used in turning on a gas burner, will cause lowering of I the shutter member by the cam to enlarge the" delivery opening I1. I3 in a clockwise direction the cam-50' acts to lift the shutter member I5, thereby decreasing the 1 size of orclosing the delivery opening' I I. The

cam 50 is of an appropriate shape or contourt'oproduce the desired variation in the delivery open-- ing IT in relation to the rotary actuation ofthe shaft lil. The axial movement imparted to the control shaft I3 bythe threaded shaft portion 4B- is utilized for actuating the gas control valve I 4"and' for this purpose a lever51 is disposed so as to form an operatingrcormection between the con- 7 trol shaft and the valve actuating stem 30. The

lower end of the lever 5'! has a forked portion 57a which straddles the outer end of the valve stem 30- and is engaged by the rounded portion 58rzof an adjustingnut 58. threaded portion 59 of the valve stem 30 so as to form a shoulder thereon for cooperation with'the" forked end of the lever 51.

The upper end of the lever '5! also has a-forkedi' portion 69 which straddles the control'shaft I 3 and carriesapair of'lugs fifla'whioh'extenda'xiallyof the shaft'at opposite sidesthereof. A col: lar BI loosely surrounding the shaft I3 has" a" transverse groove Bla in the exposed face there'- ofin which'the axial lugs 60a ofthe'forked end 60 engage. The collar 6| is mounted on a re duced end portion 54a of the conneotorsl'eeve: 54' so that rotation of the latter with the shaft I3 will be permitted while the collar is held against rotation by the lugs 60a.

At a point intermediate its ends the lever 5'1 engages a fulcrum 6 2 on which the leveris rockable. The fulcrum 52 is here shown asbeing a round bar-extending through the vertical slot 63 of the uprightarm I8 of'the frame I I. The

fulcrum 62 is vertically, adjustable in the slot 63 for*varying the'lever arm values of "the lever 51 and, for this purpose, the" arm portion" I8 is" provided with a vertical adjusting screw 64- which is'rotatably'mounted in unthreadedop'en- .ihgsfidcr and 64b thereofand. extends through a:

threaded opening 62 of the fulcrum. The adjusting screw 64 may be provided, at its lower end with a friction nut 65, or'the' like; f0ll'l01d'+- ing' the screw against rotation when the fillcrum has'been' shifted to a desired position" of adjustment;

With the construction and arrangement just described above forthe lever 51; it will be seen that when the control shaft I3 is rotated'in the a'bove mentioned counter-clockwise direction to" turn on the burner I8, the threaded shaft portion 48 will cause an inward axial movement-of the-control'shaft, that isto say, movement to wardthe left es seen in Fig. 2; thereby imparting rocking movement to the lever 51in direc'-' tion to cause-1 opening movement of the-valve member-'22 inopposition. to th'espringiifi; When they shaft I3 is" rotated; in: a clockwise direction;

toshut offfthe burner"! t, orrlower the fiamethere r f; .the-lever '51 isirocked intheopposite direction:

During rotation of the shaft The nut 58 is mounted on a and permits the spring 33 to shift the valve member 22 toward engagement with the valve seat 28.

The defining surface characteristics of the gas delivery orifice of the control or metering valve 14, as shown (Figs. 6, 7 and 8), and those of the cooperating elements of the valve, especially from the standpoint of suiting the burner to gaseous fuels having widely varying B. t. u. values, are highly important. The construction aims to provide an extremely simple and easily made metering valve by which a single concentrated, approximately constant velocity, stream of nearly uniform cross-section is directed into the air inlet end of the mixing tube substantially parallel to and fairly near its axis at all settings of the valve down to its minimum usable gas discharge port or orifice size (something less than fully closed).

With the above in view, the metering gas discharge port 26a afforded by the fixed wall of the hole 16 in body or base 20 in cooperation with the valve member or plug 22 (the metering edge of which varies the port or effective orifice size) is enabled, among other features, to be of similar shape in the various valve settings (area varying in two directions) and with practically a minimum of peripheral surface extent lengthwise of the gas stream, by making the portion of the port which is formed in the valve body as straight relatively converging, thin edged,

sides 61 which preferably join without a fillet to form an apex 68. The apex defines one end of the hole IS in the body wall (in case the hole is of elongated form as shown in Fig. 6), the opposite end being conveniently formed as a semicircular portion 69 merging at its ends with the respective sides 61. Thus the effective metering orifice or port [6a (regardless of variations in port size) has a fixed axis which is determined by the direction in which the apex points, and another which varies in position but points up the mixing tube generally centrally of it in all relative positions of the two valve-forming parts 20 and 22.

As will be apparent from comparison of Figs. 6 and 8, in all open positions of the metering valve the thin edge walls 61 of hole l6 establish the most restricted portion of the gas path from the valve chamber 2| into the mixing tube and constitute the major part of the effective metering orifice boundary. To make those walls 81 as thin as practically possible near the apex, so that the perimeter surface of the orifice will have a near minimum frictional restraint on the issuing gas, andparticularly at low gas settings, the top side of the body 20 is milled off approximately parallel to the axis of the bore 2| so that the orifice boundary wall thickness (measured in the direction of the gas stream axis) is relatively thin as compared, for example, to the side dimensions of the effective orifice when the same is so nearly closed that the volume of gas supplied is too small to support a stable fiame at the burner flame port H. In the disclosed burner, the edge of the hole 16 as cut by section line 8-8 in Fig. 6 is about .010" (hole in that plane being about .100 wide) and, as will be apparent, the thickness of the edge diminishes gradually toward the apex from the widest part of the hole (i. e. measured along plane 8-8). There is nothing particularly critical about the actual orifice edge thickness except that the thinner it is the lower the turn-down ratio of the burner can be. The construction, subject to limits imposed by usable materials and production methods, thus permits 8 the edge thickness to be almost infinitely small.

The angle of convergence of the sides 61 of hole It, as shown is fairly narrow for obvious constructional reasons (width of fiat limited). Further to reduce the perimeter, hence the boundary area, of the orifice for a given effective port area the acting sides 61 would measure the same as the acting metering edge of the valve plug, or in other words the effective orifice or port I611 would be an equilateral triangle in all metering positions of the valve.

It will be noted, in Fig. 6, that when the skirt of the cup 22 (which forms a cavitied end of the valve plug and part of the essential valve chamber in the illustrated form of valve) meets the annular seat 28 of gas conducting sleeve 26, the skirt and sleeve are of the same internal diameter. That is one way of making the effective valvechamber-forming surfaces which conduct the gas directly to the orifice [6a, regardless of how far open the valve is, bisymmetrical about the operating axis of the effective orifice, so that the stream of gas as it issues from the orifice will never be deflected laterally of the mixing tube or against any spoiling surface such as would decrease the velocity of the stream.

The valve member 22 is slidably operable in the valve chamber 2| in covering relation to the hole i6 and the orifice or triangular effective metering port (Ea is opened by movement of the valve member toward the right as seen in Fig. 2 to uncover a portion of the hole of variable size depending upon the extent to which the valve member is moved. The valve member 22 can be of any suitable construction, but is preferably in the form of a resiliently flexible cup, as here shown, whose bottom end is connected with the valve shaft 36 and whose skirt portion 22a is slidable in the valve chamber 2! and has annular sealing engagement therewith at all times. The valve member 22 can be made of any suitable material such as a graphite impregnated synthetic rubber and can be molded to the desired shape. Although the valve member 22 is preferably made of a resilient material as just mentioned, it could, if desired, be made of a hard or rigid material such as metal or a rubber or resin composition. As shown in Fig. 8, the bore providing the valve chamber 2| is located in the arm portion 2a of the frame and adjacent the top thereof so that the metal remaining at the top of the arm portion will provide relatively thin edge portions 10 which extend around and define the opening of the hole l6 and of the orifice IBa and taper to a thickness of approximately ten thousandths of an inch at the edge of the orifice opening.

With the construction and arrangement above described for the orifice Mia and the valve member '22, it will be seen that when the valve member is shifted toward the right as the result of counter-clockwise rotary movement imparted to the control shaft l3, the skirt portion 22a will uncover or open the orifice l Ea to permit a nearly constant velocity stream of gas to be discharged therethrough into the burner tube 12. During the opening movement of the valve member 22 the orifice Ifia increases progressively in size in accordance with two variable functions. One of these functions is the movement of the valve member 22 away from the apex G8 which increases the size of the orifice [Ba by increasing the length thereof. The other function is the diverging relation of the sides 61 which also causes a progressive increase in the transverse width of the orifice IBa during the opening movesane 11 the removal of the burner tube I2 from the frame II for cleaning or other purposes, and the replacement thereof, will not disturb the setting to which the cover members have been adjusted by the screw 85.

Figs. 12 to 17 inclusive illustrate a gas burner 90 which is of the same general type as the burner I above described, but represents a modification thereof. The modified burner 90 includes a frame 9| on which the burner tube 92 is mounted in upright relation above the gas delivery orifice 93 of the control valve 94. A shutter member 95 in the form "of a sleeve surrounds the burner tube 92 and is axially movable relative thereto for controlling the annular delivery opening 96 provided at the top of the burner for the gas and air mixture. The burner 90 also includes a manually operable control shaft 91 which has both rotary and axial movement. The gas delivery orifice 93 embodies the novel shape described above for the hole I6 and the orifice Hill.

A cam 98 mounted on the inner end of the shaft 91 utilizes the rotary movement of this shaft for actuating the shutter member 95 by engagement with the lug or follower 95a of the shutter member to thereby vary the size of the combustion opening 96. A rockable lever t9 utilizes the axial movement of the shaft 9? for actuating the gas control valve 94. The gas control valve 93 comprises a valve chamber I00 formed as a bore in the frame SI and a valve member I91 disposed in covering relation to the gas delivery orifice 93 and slidably movable in the valve chamber. The valve member I0| is carried by a valve stem I02 whose outer end is operably connected with the lever 99. A compression spring I03 disposed around the valve stem acts to urge the valve member IOI toward engagement with an annular valve seat I03. A bar E forms a fulcrum for the lever 99 and is adjustable in the vertical slots I08 of the frame 9! for varying the lever arm values of the lever 99. The bar I05 is adapted to be locked in different positions of vertical adjustment by means of the clamping screws I01 which are mounted in the ends thereof.

The frame 9| has a gas supply passage I09 therein which communicates with the bore I00 through a radial port H0. A sleeve III extends into the bore I00 in a snugly fitting relation and has the valve seat I04 formed on the inner end thereof. The axial passage H2 of the sleeve III connects the valve chamber I00 with a radial port H3 which is formed in the sleeve and cooperates with the radial port I I0 of the frame. The radial ports H0 and H3 together form a valve which is adapted to be actuated by rotary adjustment of the sleeve II I in the valve chamber I00. The sleeve III has an integral head H4 thereon and can be arcuately adjusted by a suitable tool applied to the non-circular portion Heat of such head. The sleeve is retained in the bore of the valve chamber M0 by means of a retaining cover H5 which overlies the head H4 and is attached to the frame BI as by means of the screw I I6. A sealing washer I I! is preferably provided between the head H4 and the adjacent face of the frame 9|.

The modified burner 90 is provided with suitable pilot burner means which is mounted on the frame 9I at one side of the main burner tube 92. The pilot burner means comprises a continuously burning pilot burner I I9 and an intermittently burning pilot burner I20. The pilot burner H9 is continuously supplied with gas through a passage I2I whose lower end is in com- 12 munication with a groove I22 surrounding the sleeve I I I and which groove is constantly in communication with the port I I0 so as to receive gas therefrom. The passage I2I includes a filter chamber I23 containing a body of permeable fibrous filtering material such as fibrous asbestos. The flow of gas to the pilot burner H9 can be varied or controlled by varying the density of the filtering material I24 and this is accomplished by variable pressure applied thereto by means of the screw plug I25.

The intermittently burning pilot burner I20 includes a burner tube I26 extending upwardly alongside the shutter member 95 and having a series of ignition holes I21 extending through the wall thereof on the side adjacent the continuously burning pilot burner I I9. The pilot burner I20 is supplied with gas through a passage I28 and a filter chamber I29. The passage I28 is connected with a groove I30 which extends around the sleeve I I I and which groove is, in turn, connected with the valve chamber I00 by means of an axial passage I3I. The groove I30 is separated from the groove I22 by an annular land formed by an intervening portion I32 of the sleeve III.

When the burner is turned on, the opening of the valve member IOI permits gas from the valve chamber I00 to flow through the axial passage I3I to the annular groove I30 from which it is supplied to the burner tube I20 through the passage I28 and the filter chamber I29. A body of suitable fibrous material contained in the filter chamber I29 forms a filter medium I33 through which the gas fiows and which serves to remove objectionable foreign matter. The filter medium I33 is subjected to compression by a plug I34, similar to the plug I25 mentioned above, and its density is thereby varied for controlling the fiow of gas to the pilot burner I20. The gas which is supplied to the pilot burner I20 by the turning on of the main burner 90 causes small streams of gas to be discharged laterally through the lgnition holes I21 and when these streams are ignited the ignition flame is conducted from the continuously burning pilot I I9 to the combustion opening 96 for igniting the gas and air mixture issuing from the latter.

In the burner 90 described above, the delivery opening 96 is defined by the upper end of the shutter member and the cap I34 supported thereabove. The cap I34 is a disk-like member which is mounted on the burner tube 92 by means of the axial post I35 and a ribbon portion I36 formed by a strip of metal partially sheared from the upper end of the burner tube.

Figs. 18, 19 and 20 show another modified burner I40 which is the same as the burner I0 of Figs. 1 to 11 inclusive, except that the shutter sleeve of the burner tube is reversed from the arrangement used in the burner I0, and consequently, the cap 43 and the cam follower 56 of the shutter actuating means are arranged somewhat differently. In other respects the modified burner I40 is substantially the same as the burner I0 and the same reference characters have been used on the corresponding parts.

In the modified burner I40 the burner tube I4I is an upright sleeve mounted on the frame II in the manner explained above for the sleeve I2 of the burner I0, and the shutter member I42 Is a sleeve slidable in the burner tube and whose upper end is movable relative to the cap 43 for controlling the combustion opening IT. The cap 43 is mounted in fixed relation on the upper end 01' the burner tube I4I as by means of the circumferentially spaced integral axialextensions M3 to which the cap is welded or otherwise secured.

'I1he end portions of the shutter member I42 provide the bearing surfaces I44 and I45 which are slidable in corresponding end portions of the burnertube Ml. The intermediate portion of the shutter member I42 is of a reduced size and cooperates with the burner tubeto provide there- --between the above-described axial space or passage 19 for supplying a gas and air mixture to the ignition holes 18. The cam follower 56is connected to the shutter member I42 and extends outwardly through a slot I46 of the burner tube MI for cooperation with the cam 50.

From the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings it will now be readily understood that this invention provides an improved gas burner which can be economically manufactured and assembled and whichwill be safe and reliable in operation. It will also be understood that the improved burner iswellsuited for use in stoves and the like'and will operate efficiently and with a very satisfactory turndown ratio on different types of gaseous fuels having widely varying B. t. u. values Withoutrequiring any alteration or substitution of burner parts. Additionally, it will be seen that in the improved burner a pair of control members comprising a shutter member and a gas control valve are actuated from'the same control shaft by utilizing rotary movement of the shaft to actuate one of the control members and utilizing axial movement of theshaft for actuating the other control member. It will now also be recognized that; the use of a gas deliverylorifice of a divergent shape in the improved burner renders the orifice self- ,regulating as to flow capacity and that this is an important feature in adapting the burner for op- ,eration on gases of different B. t. u. values.

Although the improved burner construction provided by this invention has been illustrated and described herein to a detailed extent, it will be understood, of course, that the invention is not to be regarded as being limited correspondingly in scope but includes all changes and modifications coming within the terms of the claims hereof. 7

Having thus described our invention, we claim: 1. A gas burner comprising, a mixing tube hav-- ing an air inlet opening and a delivery opening for a gas and air mixture, a base having a valve bore therein adapted to be supplied with gas under pressure and also having an orifice forming a substantially radial outlet port for said bore and located so as to discharge a single velocity stream of gas in said tube for mixing with bore and in the direction of opening movement of said valve member and having a taper which diverges in the direction of said opening move- -ment, the portions of said base surrounding said orifice being tapered so as to decrease in thickness to a relatively thin edge around the perimeter of the orifice opening.

2. A gas burner as defined in claim 1 in which said valve member is a cup-shaped resiliently *flexible member having an imperforate skirt por- 44 tion longitudinally slidable 'in :Said bore said opening movement.

*3. A gas burner comprising, a one-pieceframe having lateral and upright arm portions, 1a hollow burner element mounted on said; frameand extending in upright relation above the lateral armiportion thereof, said burner element being provided with an air inlet opening at its lower end and also having .a delivery opening for;a; gas

and air 1 mixture, said lateral arm portion having a boretherein extending transversely of-the burner element axis and adjacent said lower end and adapted" to be, supplied with gas under, pressureand'also having an orifice therein located to. discharge astream of gas from-said bore radially thereofinto said lower end of said burner element for vmix-ingwith air from said airinlet openin :a pair of control members comprising amovable-valve member carried by said lateral arm portion and movable in said bore for controlling said orifice and a shutter member movable:,relative to said burner element for varying said delivery opening, a shaft operably mounted on said upright arm portion, and motiontransemitting meansforcausing actuation of, said valve memberand shuttermember in responseto operation of said shaft-said frame forming a com- ;mon mount sul portingv said burner element, said control members, .said shaft and said motion transmitting meansin cooperativemelation in'fa compact assemblage.

4. A gas burner comprising a one piece frame having lateral and upright arm portions aghollow burner element. mounted on said frame and extending in upright relation above the lateral arm portion thereof, saidburner element being provided withian air inlet opening at itslowerend and also having a delivery opening for ages-and air mixture, said lateral arm portion having a bore therein extending transversely of the burner element-axis and adjacent saidlower end and adapted to :be supplied .with gas under pressure alsohaving anorifice thereinilocatedto ,discharge a stream of. gas from said bore radially thereof into said lowerend ofsaidburnerele- -ment for-mixingwith air-from said air inlet openins, a pair of control. members comprising a valve member axially, movable in said. boreandcontrollingisaid orificeanda shutter member movable relativeto saidburner element for varyingsaid delivery opening, a shaft rotatabiy mounted on said upright arm portiomcam means supported by-said frame to be actuated by said shaft for imparting said axial movement to saidshutter means, and levermeansadapted to be actuated by said shaft for imparting movement to said valve member, said frame forming a common mount supporting said burner element, saidcontrol members, said shaft,- said carnmeans and said lever means in cooperative relation in-;a compact assemblage.

"5. A gas-burner comprising, a one-piece frame having lateral and upright arm portions, aahollow burner elementmountedon said frame and 'extending'in upright relation above the lateral arm portion thereof, said I burner elementwbeing provided with an air inlet opening at its lower end and'also'having a deliverycpening forgaagas and air mixture, said'lateral arm portion having a bore therein extending transversely of {the burner element axis and adjacent said lower .end 'and'adapted to besuppliedivith gas under pressure and also having an orifice therein located to discharge a stream of gas froznsaid bore into said; burner element for mixingrwith .air fljo n-sajd air inlet opening, a pair of control members comprising an axially movable valve member carried by said lateral arm portion and controlling said orifice and a shutter member movable relative to said burner element for varying said delivery opening, a shaft mounted on said upright arm portion for rotary and axial movement, cam means responsive to the rotary movement of said shaft for imparting movement to said shutter member, cooperating screw elements on said shaft and upright arm portion for causing said axial movement of the shaft during the rotary movement thereof, and lever means supported by said frame and responsive to the axial movement of said shaft for imparting the axial movement to said valve member, said frame forming a common mount supporting said burner element, said control members, said shaft, said cam means, said screw elements and said lever means in cooperative relation in a compact assemblage.

6. A gas burner comprising, a frame having lateral and upright arm portions, a hollow burner element mounted on said frame and extending in upright relation above the lateral arm portion thereof, said burner element being provided with an air inlet opening and a delivery opening for a gas and air mixture, said lateral arm portion having a bore therein adapted to be supplied with gas under pressure and also having an orifice therein located to discharge a stream of gas from said bore into said burner element for mixing with air from said air inlet opening, a pair of control members comprising a movable valve member operable in said bore for controlling said orifice and a shutter member movable relative to said burner element for varying said delivery opening, a shaft rotatably mounted on said upright arm portion, a rotary cam actuated by said shaft for imparting movement to said shutter member, a. lever adapted to be rocked by said shaft for im parting movement to said valve member, a fulcrum on which said lever is rockable and which fulcrum is adapted to be adjustably positioned for varying the efiectiveness of said lever, and adjusting means for positioning said fulcrum.

7. In a gas burner of the type having a mixing tube provided with an air inlet opening and a delivery opening for a gas and air mixture, means providing a tubular valve chamber having a substantially radial orifice for discharging a velocity stream of gas in said tube so as to induce a flow of air through said inlet opening for mixing with the gas, a pair of control members comprising a shutter member movable relative to said tube for varying said delivery opening and a valve member for controlling the discharge of gas through said orifice, cam means adapted to impart movement to one of said control members, lever means adapted to impart movement to the other of said control members, and a rotary shaft adapted to actuate said cam means and said lever means, said orifice having an apex at one end and being elongated in the direction of opening movement of said valve member and having a tapering width which diverges in the direction of said opening movement, said valve member being in said valve chamber in controlling relation to said orifice and being reciprocable in said valve chamber axially thereof, the portions of said means surrounding said orifice being tapered so as to decrease in thickness toward the orifice and substantially radially of said valve chamber to a relatively thin edge around the perimeter of the orifice opening.

8. In a gas burner, a frame having lateral and upright arm portions, a burner tube mounted on said frame and extending in upright relation above said lateral arm portion, said burner tube having an air inlet opening at its lower end and being provided at its upper end with a delivery opening for a gas and air mixture, said lateral arm portion having a bore therein adapted to be supplied with gas under pressure and also having a single substantially radial orifice located to discharge a velocity gas stream into said burner tube so as to induce a flow of air through said inlet opening for mixing with the gas, a pair of control members comprising a shutter member movable relative to said burner tube for varying said delivery opening and a valve member reciprocably slidable in said bore in controlling relation to the orifice for controlling the discharge of gas from said orifice, a shaft mounted on said upright arm portion for simultaneous rotary and axial movement, a cam driven by said shaft and adapted to actuate said shutter member in response to the rotary movement of said shaft, and a lever rockably mounted on said upright arm portion and adapted to actuate said valve member in response to the axial movement of said shaft, said orifice being elongated in the direction of opening movement of said valve member and having a taper which diverges in the direction of said opening movement.

9. In a gas burner, a frame having lateral and upright arm portions, a burner tube mounted on said frame and extending in upright relation above said lateral arm portion, said burner tube having an air inlet opening at its lower end and being provided at its upper end with a delivery opening for a gas and air mixture, said lateral arm portion having a chamber therein adapted to be supplied with gas under pressure and also having an orifice located to discharge a gas stream into said burner tube so as to induce a flow of air through said inlet opening for mixing with the gas, a pair of control members comprising a shutter member movable relative to said burner tube for varying said delivery opening and a valve member reciprocably movable in said chamber for controlling the discharge of gas from said orifice, a. shaft mounted on said upright arm portion for simultaneous rotary and axial movement, a cam driven by said shaft and adapted to actuate said shutter member in response to the rotary movement of said shaft, a lever carried by said upright arm portion and adapted to actuate said valve member in response to the axial movement of said shaft, means providing an adjustable connection between said lever and valve member, and fulcrum means rockably mounting said lever on said upright arm and being adjustable for varying the lever arm values of said lever.

10. In a gas burner, a support, an upright burner tube on said support and adapted to be supplied with air and gas at the lower end thereof and at its upper end having a delivery opening for a gas and air mixture, a shutter sleeve disposed in telescoping relation around said burner tube and being axially movable for varying said delivery opening, said burner tube and sleeve having a space extending axially therebetween and said burner tube having an opening therein for supplying some of said mixture to said space, and a pilot burner mounted on said support adjacent said lower end of the burner tube and adapted to be continuously supplied with gas, said sleeve having holes therein communicating with said space and disposed in a 17 series extending be ween a d p ot burns; an said delivery open ng- In a as burner a r e a burn tube mounted on said frame and having an air inlet opening and a delivery opening for a gas and air mixture, said frame having a bore therein and also havin an o i ice ther a d lo d n t e side wall of said bore for discharging gas from said bore substantially radially thereof into said tube for mixing with air from said air inlet opening, a valve member axially movable in said bore for controlling the discharge of gas from said orifice, a sleeve in said bore and through which the gas is adapted to be supplied to said orifice, said sleeve and frame having cooperat-- ing elements thereon formi g a second valve for controlling the flow of gas throu h th l e and said sleeve being arcuately movablein said bore for actuating said second valve, and a valve seat onthe inner end of said sleeve and adapted to be engaged by said valve member when the latter is in the position for preventing the discharge of gas from said orifice.

12. In a gas burner, a frame, a burner tube mounted on said frame and having an air inlet opening and a delivery opening for a gas and air mixture, said frame having a bore therein and also having an orifice for discharging gas from said bore into said tubefor mixing with air from said air inlet opening, a valve member movable in said bore for controlling the discharge of gas from said orifice, a sleeve in said bore and through which the gas is adapted to be supplied to saidorifice, a valve seat on the inner end of said sleeve and .adaptedto be engaged by said valve member when the latter is in the position for preventing the discharge of gas from said orifice, a continuous pilot burner adjacent said burner tube, means for supplying gas continuous- 13; to said continuous pilot burner, an intermittent pilot burner adapted to transmit flame from said continuous pilot burner to said delivery opening, and means providing a gas supply passage between said sleeve and frame leading to said intermittent pilot burner and adapted to receive gas from said sleeve when said valve member is moved away from said seat.

13. A gas burner for burning fuel gases of different B. t. u. values comprising, a base having a tubular valve chamber therein adapted to be supplied with gas under pressure, a substantially straight mixing tube having one end connected with said base for mounting the tube thereon with its axis extending substantially normal to the axis of said valve chamber, said tube having an air inlet opening at said one end and at its other end having a delivery opening for a gas and air mixture, said base having an orifice therein leading from said valve chamber substantially radially thereof and located substantially on the axis of said mixing tube and adapted to discharge a velocity stream of gas in the latter forwmixingwith air induced through said air inlet opening, a valve member in controlling relation to said orifice and being movable insaid valve chamber axially thereof for turning the burner full on and off and for partially opening the orifice, and means for actuating said valve member, saiclorifice having an apex at one end and being tapered axially of the valve chamber such that the porti n of the orifice uncovered by said valve member varies progressively in width with the axial movement of the valve member, the portions of said base surrounding said orifice being tapered so as to decrease in thickness toward the orifice and substantially radially of said valve chamber to a relatively thin edge aroundthe perimeter of the orifice opening;

14. A gas burner of the character described comprising, a basehavinga tubular valve cham ber therein adaptedto be supplied with 'gas under pressure, a mixing tube having one en'dth'ereof connected with said base, said mixing tube having an air inlet opening at said on'e end and at its other end havinga delivery openingfor a gasand air mixture, said base having" an orifice therein leading from said valve chamber substantially radially thereof and adapted to discharge a velocity stream ofgas in said tube for mixing with air induced'through said air inlet opening, said orifice being of diverging'shape axially of said valve chamber, an annular valve seat in said valve chamber adjacent one end of said orifice, a valve member in said valve chamber in controlling relation to said orifice and havinga closed position in engagement with said seat, said valve member being axially shiftable in said valve chamber for opening and closing movement relative to said seat and for variably opening said orifice, and

means operable to impart axial movement to said valve member.

15. A gas burner fol-"burning fuel gases of different B. t. n. values comprising, a base having a tubular valve chamber therein adapted to be supplied with gas under pressure, a mixing tube having one end thereof connected with said base for mounting the tube thereon with its axis extending substantiallynormal to the axis of said valve chamber, said tube having an airinlet opening at said one end and at its otherend having a delivery opening fora gas and air mixture, said base having an orifice therein leading from said valve chamber substantially radially thereof and located substantially on the axis of said mixing tube and adapted to discharge a velocity stream of gas in the latter for mixing'with air induced through said air inlet opening; said ,orificehaving an apexportion atone end and a diverging taper extending away from said apex portion and axially of said valve chamber, an annular valve seat insa-id valve chamber adjacent said apex portion, a valve'plung'e'r in said valve chamber in controlling relation to said orifice and having an annular end portion engageable with said annular valve seat in the closed position of the valve plunger, saidvalve plunger being axially slidable in said valve chamber for'opening and closing movements relative to said seat and for opening said orifice to a variable extent, and means operable to impart axial movement to said valve plunger.

16. In a gas burner, a mixing tube having an air and gas inlet end and an outlet end for discharge of mixed air and gas, a metering valve arranged for controllably admitting gas into the inlet end as a single, concentrated stream of approximately constant velocity for aspiration of air into the mixing tube therewith, the valve comprising .two relatively movable parts, forming a valve chamber, namely, a hollow body for conduction and confinement of the gas under pressure, a portion of the wall of the body, the exterior surface of which portion is presented toward the mixing tu e inlet, having a hole therethrough whose axis extends into the mixingtube longitudinally ofthetube and which hole has two very thin bounda y a l urfac rt o e ing to form an apex, and a valvemember inside said hollow body and forming with said converging surfaces a variable metering orifice, together i 19 with means for relatively moving the hollow body and the valve member back and forth along the direction in WhlCh the apex points.

17. A gas burner according to claim 16 Wherein the valve-chamber-defining walls leading to the orifice are approximately bisymmetrical about the orifice axis, whereby the direction of the stream of gas issuing from the orifice is not materially altered by relative movement of said metering-valve-forming parts from maximum to minimum flow-controlling positions of the parts.

18. In a gas burner, a mixing tube having an air and gas inlet end and an outlet end for mixed air and gas, a metering valve arranged for admitting a single concentrated stream of gas into the inlet end of the tube parallel to the direction of extent of said end for aspiration of air into the tube with the gas, the valve comprising two relatively movable parts, namely a hollow body for conduction and confinement of the gas under pressure and having a port-forming orifice in its wall, and a cooperating part inside the body and having a metering edge portion for variably restricting the orifice, said orifice having converging surfaces meeting to form an apex, and the cooperating part being guided or constrained to move back and forth in the direction in which the apex points so that the stream of gas issuing from the orifice can be gradually changed in cross-section in two directions simultaneously without substantial change in stream cross-sectional form, the converging surfaces lengthwise of the stream axis being generally of less extent than the smallest side dimension of the port through which the stream issues in practically all metering relative positions of the two valve-forming parts, so that the air-aspirating stream velocity is not reduced by restriction oi": the effective orifice area to a usable minimum.

19. In a gas burner, a mixing tube having an air inlet end and a gas and air outlet end, a metering valve tube, means supporting the tubes in transverse juxtaposition, the interior of the metering valve tube, in approximate alignment with the air inlet end of the mixing tube, forming a valve chamber and the portion of the metering valve tube wall adjacent said inlet end of the mixing tube having a gas-port-forming hole through it for admitting gas from the valve chamber into and along the mixing tube as a concentrated single stream, the hole being defined in part by relatively converging tube-wall-forming apically connected edge surfaces pointing in the general direction of the metering valve tube axis, a plug slidably fitting the interior of the metering valve tube in position to open and close the port, means for relatively moving that tube and the plug along their common axis variably to open and close the port, whereby to vary the transverse dimensions of the stream in two directions without substantially changing its cross-sectional form, the metering valve tube and plug having their gas-contacting surfaces adjacent to the port approximately bisymmetrical about the gas delivery axis of the port, so that the direction of flow of the gas stream into the mixing tube is not changed materially during variation of the effective port area.

20. The gas burner apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the radial dimensions of portions of the converging gas-port-forming surfaces of the metering valve tube adjacent the apex are reduced relative to the radial dimensions of other portions of the port-defining surfaces, whereby, as the gas stream admitted through the port is reduced in cross-section with valve-port-closing relative movement of the plug and metering valve tube, the extent of gas-contacting surface codirectionally of the stream axis diminishes.

21. In a gas burner, a mixing tube having an air inlet end and a gas and air outlet end, a metering valve tube, means supporting the tubes transversely of and in proximity to each other, a wall portion of the metering valve tube forming a perimetral portion of a valve chamber and that portion of said wall having an orifice therethrough whose axis is directed into the inlet end of the mixing tube for discharge of a single stream of gas into that tube generally parallel to its axis, side-defining, relatively converging walls of the orifice joining to form substantially an apex, a plug slidably fitting the metering valve tube, means for relatively moving that tube and the plug along their common axis away from and toward said apex variably to open and substantially close the orifice, means adapted to conduct gas into the valve chamber, said means forming an annular valve seat adjacent to the apex, the plug having a cooperating annular end surface portion engaging the seat when the plug and metering valve tube are relatively moved a predetermined distance in the direction to close the orifice.

22. The apparatus according to claim 21, wherein the plug has a cavity facing said annular valve-seat-forming means, and the plug and annular means have approximately the same inner diameter in the seating plane, whereby the direction of the stream of gas issuing through the orifice from between the plug and seat is approximately unchanged by separating movement of the plug and seat.

PAUL F. SWENSON. MILTON F. PRAVDA.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 926,300 Stubbers June 29, 1909 1,009,678 Mavrogordato Nov. 21, 1911 1,126,248 Mauck et al Jan. 26, 1915 1,179,607 Campbell Apr. 18, 1916 1,199,027 Campbell Sept. 19, 1916 1,248,957 Voigt Dec. 4, 1917 1,303,987 Wilson June 17, 1919 1,621,313 Crowell Mar. 15, 1927 1,862,055 Kehl June 7, 1932 1,919,656 McGeorge July 25, 1933 2,048,207 Yeager July 21, 1936 2,327,195 Kosky et al. Aug. 17, 1943 2,369,236 Jaros Feb. 13, 1945 2,374,206 Howard Apr. 24, 1945 2,461,913 Mosier Feb. 15, 1949 2,480,658 Jones Aug. 30, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 4,449 Great Britain of 1900 211,271 Germany June 25, 1909 19,493 France Nov. 10, 1914 162,641 Great Britain of 1921 208,448 Great Britain Dec. 20, 1923 634,269 France Nov. 9, 1927 27,196 Netherlands July 15, 1932 596,251 Great Britain Dec. 31, 1947

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