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US2432130A - Oil circulating and feeding system - Google Patents

Oil circulating and feeding system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2432130A
US2432130A US449830A US44983042A US2432130A US 2432130 A US2432130 A US 2432130A US 449830 A US449830 A US 449830A US 44983042 A US44983042 A US 44983042A US 2432130 A US2432130 A US 2432130A
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Prior art keywords
oil
tank
storage tank
pump
scavenge pump
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US449830A
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John J Serrell
Leo D Jones
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SHARPIES Corp
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SHARPIES CORP
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16NLUBRICATING
    • F16N39/00Arrangements for conditioning of lubricants in the lubricating system
    • F16N39/002Arrangements for conditioning of lubricants in the lubricating system by deaeration
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0422Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device
    • F01M2013/0427Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device the centrifuge device having no rotating part, e.g. cyclone

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to a centrifugal apparatus for deaerating liquids and to the combination of such an apparatus with other features of a lubrication system. While features of the invention may be used in a variety of applications, they will be described for purposes of illustration and convenience in their relation to the lubricating system of an aviation engine, since that is the purpose for which they were originally conceived.
  • the lubricating system of an airplane engine consists of an oil storage tank, a conduit from the storage tank to the engine, a feed pump on or in the engine for pumping oil to the various parts of the engine to lubricate it, a sump in the engine into which the oil drains from the various parts of the engine, a scavenge pump for pumping oil from the sump, a conduit from the scavenge pump to an oil cooler, an oil cooler and a conduit back to the oil storage tank.
  • the system may include additional items such as a relief valve to by-pass oil around the cooler under certain conditions, a thermostatic valve for accomplishing this same purpose, and/or a centrifugal separator for purifying the oil after use, but the elements discussed above are the essential ones, insofar as the system of the present invention is concerned.
  • the scavenge pump ordinarily has a displacement from two to three times as great as the oil feed rate of the feed pump in the case of radial engines, and in the case of in-line engines, there are usually two scavenge pumps, one at each end of the crank-cases, each of these pumps having a displacement at least twice as great as that of the feed pump.
  • This relationship of capacities between the scavenge pump or pumps and feed pump is necessary to insure the continuous removal of all of the oil which drains into the sump.
  • a necessary incident to th s relationship is the fact that vapor from the crankcase is pumped by the scavenge pump or pumps together with the oil through the oil cooler and into the storage tank.
  • the vapor carried into the oil stream through the scavenge pump also complicates the problem of introducing the oil into the storage tank. If the oil containing this vapor is introduced 2 beneath the surface of the oil already in the tank, the vapor passes upwardly through the body of oil and causes a foam. If, on the other hand, the oil containing the vapor is introduced above the level of the oil in the storage tank, the resulting splashing also causes foam.
  • the presence of the vapor in the oil from the scavenge pump adds to the difllculty of solving two other problems.
  • the first of these is the feed of oil to the feed pump when flying at high elevation.
  • the main difllculty here is the lack of atmospheric pressure to force oil from the storage tank to the inlet of the feed pump. This difficulty is aggravated by the air bubbles entrained in the oil, since these air bubbles seriously impair fiow of oil to the feed pump at high elevations.
  • Another problem is that 0! feed of oil to the feed pump in maneuvers which cause a negative G in the plane, such as flying inverted and 20 performing outside loops. Here again the natural problem caused by these maneuvers is accentuated by the presence of the vapor in the oil.
  • the present invention includes features for solution of each of the above-discussed problems.
  • It includes a system in which the oil is fed, under pressure derived from the energy imparted to it by the scavenge pump, from that pump to a point adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from the oil storage tank.
  • a Venturi connection is provided at this point, with the result that the oil passing from the motor is passed toward the suction side of the feed pump under energy derived from the scavenge pump, while additional oil is sucked from the oil storage tank toward the feed pump under the impelling effect'of said Venturi connection.
  • the oil is subjected to treatment in a centrifugal de aerator to remove most of the vapors sucked into the oil by the scavenge pump, during its passage from the scavenge pump to the Venturi connection referred to above.
  • the centrifugal deaerator may be mounted in advance of an oil cooler interposed between the scavenge pump and the oil storage tank, or it may be mounted beyond the oil cooler in the line of flow of the oil, as for example, by being mounted in the oil storage tank itself. If mounted in advance of the cooler, the operation of the cooler is rendered more eflicient by removal of the vapor at this point, and the emulsifying action to which the oil and air are subjected in passing through the cooler is also avoided.
  • the centrifugal deaerator consists of a non-rotating tank around the interior surface of which the oil flows in a rotating motion during its passage from entrance to exit of the tank in a longitudinal direction.
  • This tank is preferably provided with a valve controlling discharge of gas or vapor from a central portion of the tank, after removal of this gas or vapor under the influence of centrifugal force, and the opening and closing of this valve are controlled by the thickness of the layer of liquid passing along the interior wall of the deaerator.
  • the actuating mechanism moves the deaerator valve to a position preventing discharge of gas from the tank, and when this wall recedes again to a permissible thickness, the valve is again opened and discharge of gas resumed.
  • Figure 1 is a flow sheet illustrating the arrangement of the deaerator and venturi in accordance with one form of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a sinniar view illustrating an arrangement involving an alternative
  • Figure 3 is a cross sectional view through a preferred form of deaerating apparatus
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of the apparatus of Figure 3 with parts broken away to illustrate a valve detail
  • Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view of a simplified form of deaerator mounted directly in the oil storage tank, this view containing also a detailed illustrati'on of the Venturi connection for assisting in feed of oil to the suction side of the feed pump.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an arrangement in which the oil is sucked from the engine ill by a scavenge pump II, which is shown for the purposes of convenience as separate from the engine Ill, although it is ordinarily directly associated with the engine.
  • the scavenge pump I I From the scavenge pump I I, the mixture of oil and gas passes to the centrifugal deaerator [2, from which vapor is discharged at i3, while the oil is passed, under energy derived from the scavenge pump, through a cooler l3.
  • conduit H Oil from the cooler I3 is then passed through conduit H, which may include a portion passing directly through oil storage tank l5 to a Venturi,
  • the Venturi connection l6 communicates with the main body of oil in the storage tank l5 adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from the main body thereof in said tank, and thus provides suction for impelling oil from the main body thereof in said tank, together with oil from the conduit l4, through the conduit I! to the feed pump it by which this oil is returned to the engine I for re-use.
  • FIG. 2 of the drawing illustrates a somewhat modified arrangement in which the deaerator is mounted between the cooler and the Venturi con- 4 nection, instead of being mounted in advance of the cooler.
  • the deaerator may be mounted directly within the oil storage tank.
  • oil from the engine is passed by scavenge pump 2! through cooler 22 to the deaerator 23, through conduit 24.
  • Oil from the rotating body thereof in the deaerator 23 is passed, under energy derived from the scavenge pump, through Venturi connection 26, and in passing through this connection, it sucks oil from the tank 25 through the conduit 21 to the feed pump 28. Since the general principles of this form of the invention are similar to those of that described above in connection with Figure 1, further explanation is deemed unnecessary.
  • Figures 3 and 4 illustrate a preferred form of deaerator for use in the system of either of Figures 1 and 2.
  • the deaerator consists of a tank provided with an interior surface 3
  • This tank is provided with an inlet connection 32 for injecting oil tangentially into the tank along the surface 3
  • the tank 30 is provided with an end plate 34, which is removably mounted to permit access to the interior of the tank.
  • This end plate is provided with a central opening to receive a housing 35 for a packing gland, this housing being secured to the end plate by bolts 36.
  • a hollow tube 31 is slidably mounted in a central bore of the housing 35, the upper end of this tube extending to a position within the tank 30, and this position being adjustable by longitudinal movement of the tube.
  • a packing gland 38 surrounds the tube 31 within the bore ofthe housing 35, and the prevention of leakage and longitudinal securement of the tube in the desired position are both accomplished by tightening of the gland nut 39.
  • Tube 31 is provided with a nipple 40 at its lower end for connection to other piping, and this piping may extend through the outer surface of the tank 25 in case the deaerator is mounted Within that tank as illustrated in Figure 2 of the drawing.
  • is secured in sliding relationship upon the upper end of the tube 31, and the upper end of the valve is urged downwardly and held in contact with the upper end of the tube 31 by the spring 42.
  • the lower end of the spring 42 is secured in position longitudinally with respect to the tube 31 by the nut 43, which may be locked by nut 44, both of these nuts being threaded to the tube 31.
  • a stop pin 45 is secured to the tube 31 adjacent the bottom of the valve 4 I, and this stop pin coacts with an abutting surface 46 of the lower end of the valve to secure the valve in open position under the influence of the spring 42 until accumulation of -a predetermined thickness of an annular layer of liquid along the interior of the wall 3i, as will be evident from further discussion of details by which this result is accomplished.
  • a plurality of wings 41 extend outwardly from the cylindricallyextending portion of the outer surface of the valve 4
  • registers with an opening in the upper end of the tube 31 to permit discharge of gas through these registering openings and the tube 31.
  • the mixture of air and oil enters through the tangential inlet pipe 32.
  • the mixture flows around the inner wall 3
  • the oil leaves the tank through the tangential outlet 33.
  • the air flows through the hole 48 and registering hole in the top of tube 31, and escapes from the apparatus through this tube. So long as the valve is maintained in open position by the action of the spring 42 in holding the abutment 46 against the pin 45, the air will discharge rapidly through the valve and tube 31.
  • the valve may not be moved completely either to absolutely closed or absolutely open position, after the operation is well under way.
  • This valve moves to an intermediate position after a condition fairly close to equilibrium is established between the effect of the spring 42 in moving the valve to open position and the efiect of wings 41 in moving it to closed position.
  • the efiect of the valve in permitting discharge of gas, but preventing discharge of liquid through tube 31 by preventing accumulation of too deep a stratum of liquid within the tank is the same, regardless of whether the valve actuating mechanism eflects actual successive closing and opening of the valve,
  • FIG. 5 of the drawing illustrates a centrifugal deaerating apparatus especially adapted to be mounted within the oil storage tank, as illustrated in Figure 2 of the drawing.
  • the oil from the scavenge pump enters the tank 25 through an inlet connection and is discharged tangentially along the inner wall of the cylinder 6
  • a plurality of wings 62 may be mounted for free movement in a rotary direction with respect to the cylinder 6
  • the outlet connection 65 conducts the oil to a portion of the tank 25 adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from that tank, and this connection is restricted, as i1- lustrated at 66, in the form of the contracting end of a Venturi throat.
  • the expanding end 61 of the Venturi may constitute an extension on the outlet from the tank 25, and space is provided as indicated at 63 between the outlet end 66 of connection 65 and the inlet end of connection 61, in order to permit oil to be sucked through this Venturi connection from the main body of the storage tank, and passed to feed pump 28 along with oil being recirculated from cylinder 6
  • This connection is illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 2 of the drawing, and a similar arrangement with respect to the flow diagram of Figure 1 of the drawing is also illustrated in connection with that embodiment of the invention in that figure.
  • an oil circulating and feeding system for motors comprising, scavenge pump for removing oil from the motor, a centrifugal gas separator in the line of flow of oil from the scavenge pump, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to a point adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from an oil storage tank, a Venturi connection between said conducting means and said storage tank adjacent said zone of discharge, a feed pump for impelling oil to said motor, and a conduit connecting said feed pump with said Venturi connection.
  • scavenge pump means for removing oil from the motor,.an oil storage tank, a feed pump for feeding oil to the motor, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to the suction side of said feed pump, means for directing.
  • oil scavenge pump means for removing oil from the motor,.an oil storage tank, a feed pump for feeding oil to the motor, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to the suction side of said feed pump, means for directing. oil
  • a scavenge pump for removing oil from the motor, an oil cooler in the line of flow of oil from the scavenge pump, a centrifugal gas separator in the line of flow or oil from the scavenge pump and said oil cooler, said centrifugal gas separator being located beyond said oil cooler in the direction of flow of oil from said scavenge pump, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to a point adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from an oil storage tank, a Venturi connection between said conducting means and said storage tank adjacent said zone of discharge, a feed .pump for impelling oil to said motor, and a conduit connecting said feed pump with said Venturi connection,
  • an oil circulating and feeding system for motors comprising, a scavenge pump for removing oil from the motor, a centrifugal gas separator in the line of flow of oil from the scavenge pump, an oil cooler in the line of flow of oil from said scavenge pump and said centrifugal gas separator, said oil cooler being located beyond said centrifugal gas separator in the line of flow of oil from said scavenge pump, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump through said oil cooler and to a point adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from an oil storage tank, a Venturi connection between said conducting means and said storage tank adjacent said zone of discharge, a feed pump for impelling oil to said motor, and a conduit connecting said feed pump with said Venturi connection.
  • the combination comprising, a scavenge pump for removing oil from the motor, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to a point adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from an oil storage tank, a Venturi connection between said conducting means and said storage tank adjacent said zone scavenge pump designed to receive and discharge said oil under pressure derived from the energy of saidscavenge pump, an oil storage tank, a feed pump for feeding oil to the motor, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to and through said gas separator and from said gas separator to and through a zone of confluence with oil flowing from said storage tank to said feed pump, said zone of confluence comprising an ejector connection for a8- sisting in removal of oil from said storage tank, and thereby supplying deaerated oil to said feed pump under energy derived from said scavenge pump, while supplementing said oil supply with oil from said storage tank.
  • scavenge pump means for removing oil from the motor, a gas separator in the line of flow of oil from said scavenge pump designed to receive and discharge said oil under pressure derived from the energy of said scavenge pump, an oil cooler in the line of flow of oil from said gas separator also designed to receive and discharge said oil under pressure, an oil storage tank, a feed pump for feeding oil to the motor, and means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to and through said gas separator and oil cooler and to said feed pump through a zone of confluence with oil flf n said storage tank, said zone of confluence comprising an ejector connection for assisting in removal of oil from said storage tank, and thereby supplying oil to said feed pump under energy derived from said scavenge pump, while supplementing said oil supply with oil from said storage tank.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

1947! J. J. SERRELL ET AL 3 OIL CIRCULATING AND FEEDING SYSTEM Filed'July 4, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 v n a a. WFMAWMMIP 9. 5 iii. a a P 1 mvazvroas Leo D-Jon John 15a .8) W 0,.W
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ATTORNEY 1947- J. J. SERRELL 'Erm. 2, 32,13
on. cIRcuLATme AND FEEDING sYsTBu Filed July 4, 1942' s Sheets-Sheet s awn/Tons Leo D.Jones.
. JohnlSgrrelL BY W Q.0\.uM-L
ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 9, 1947 OIL CIRCULATING AND FEEDING SYSTEM John J. Serrell and Leo D. Jones, Philadelphia, Pa., assignors to The Sharples Corporation, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Delaware Application July 4, 1942, Serial No. 449,830
9 Claims. (Cl. 184-6) The present invention pertains to a centrifugal apparatus for deaerating liquids and to the combination of such an apparatus with other features of a lubrication system. While features of the invention may be used in a variety of applications, they will be described for purposes of illustration and convenience in their relation to the lubricating system of an aviation engine, since that is the purpose for which they were originally conceived.
The lubricating system of an airplane engine consists of an oil storage tank, a conduit from the storage tank to the engine, a feed pump on or in the engine for pumping oil to the various parts of the engine to lubricate it, a sump in the engine into which the oil drains from the various parts of the engine, a scavenge pump for pumping oil from the sump, a conduit from the scavenge pump to an oil cooler, an oil cooler and a conduit back to the oil storage tank. The system may include additional items such as a relief valve to by-pass oil around the cooler under certain conditions, a thermostatic valve for accomplishing this same purpose, and/or a centrifugal separator for purifying the oil after use, but the elements discussed above are the essential ones, insofar as the system of the present invention is concerned.
The scavenge pump ordinarily has a displacement from two to three times as great as the oil feed rate of the feed pump in the case of radial engines, and in the case of in-line engines, there are usually two scavenge pumps, one at each end of the crank-cases, each of these pumps having a displacement at least twice as great as that of the feed pump. This relationship of capacities between the scavenge pump or pumps and feed pump is necessary to insure the continuous removal of all of the oil which drains into the sump. A necessary incident to th s relationship, however, is the fact that vapor from the crankcase is pumped by the scavenge pump or pumps together with the oil through the oil cooler and into the storage tank. 1 The pumping of this vapor through the oil cooler increases the drop in pressure through the cooler and the load on the scavenge pump or pumps, and complicates the problem of cooling the oil. The pressure drop through the cooler causes finer dispersion of the vapor and thus aggravates the foaming problem to be discussed hereinafter.
The vapor carried into the oil stream through the scavenge pump also complicates the problem of introducing the oil into the storage tank. If the oil containing this vapor is introduced 2 beneath the surface of the oil already in the tank, the vapor passes upwardly through the body of oil and causes a foam. If, on the other hand, the oil containing the vapor is introduced above the level of the oil in the storage tank, the resulting splashing also causes foam.
The presence of the vapor in the oil from the scavenge pump adds to the difllculty of solving two other problems. The first of these is the feed of oil to the feed pump when flying at high elevation. The main difllculty here is the lack of atmospheric pressure to force oil from the storage tank to the inlet of the feed pump. This difficulty is aggravated by the air bubbles entrained in the oil, since these air bubbles seriously impair fiow of oil to the feed pump at high elevations. Another problem is that 0! feed of oil to the feed pump in maneuvers which cause a negative G in the plane, such as flying inverted and 20 performing outside loops. Here again the natural problem caused by these maneuvers is accentuated by the presence of the vapor in the oil.
The present invention includes features for solution of each of the above-discussed problems.
It includes a system in which the oil is fed, under pressure derived from the energy imparted to it by the scavenge pump, from that pump to a point adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from the oil storage tank. A Venturi connection is provided at this point, with the result that the oil passing from the motor is passed toward the suction side of the feed pump under energy derived from the scavenge pump, while additional oil is sucked from the oil storage tank toward the feed pump under the impelling effect'of said Venturi connection. 7
In the preferred form of the invention, the oil is subjected to treatment in a centrifugal de aerator to remove most of the vapors sucked into the oil by the scavenge pump, during its passage from the scavenge pump to the Venturi connection referred to above. The centrifugal deaerator may be mounted in advance of an oil cooler interposed between the scavenge pump and the oil storage tank, or it may be mounted beyond the oil cooler in the line of flow of the oil, as for example, by being mounted in the oil storage tank itself. If mounted in advance of the cooler, the operation of the cooler is rendered more eflicient by removal of the vapor at this point, and the emulsifying action to which the oil and air are subjected in passing through the cooler is also avoided.
In the preferred form of the invention, the centrifugal deaerator consists of a non-rotating tank around the interior surface of which the oil flows in a rotating motion during its passage from entrance to exit of the tank in a longitudinal direction. This tank is preferably provided with a valve controlling discharge of gas or vapor from a central portion of the tank, after removal of this gas or vapor under the influence of centrifugal force, and the opening and closing of this valve are controlled by the thickness of the layer of liquid passing along the interior wall of the deaerator. Thus, when the wall of liquid exceeds a predetermined thickness, the actuating mechanism moves the deaerator valve to a position preventing discharge of gas from the tank, and when this wall recedes again to a permissible thickness, the valve is again opened and discharge of gas resumed.
A better understanding of the details of the invention will be had by reference to the following description in the light of the attached drawing, in which,
Figure 1 is a flow sheet illustrating the arrangement of the deaerator and venturi in accordance with one form of the invention,
Figure 2 is a sinniar view illustrating an arrangement involving an alternative,
Figure 3 is a cross sectional view through a preferred form of deaerating apparatus,
Figure 4 is a plan view of the apparatus of Figure 3 with parts broken away to illustrate a valve detail, and
Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view of a simplified form of deaerator mounted directly in the oil storage tank, this view containing also a detailed illustrati'on of the Venturi connection for assisting in feed of oil to the suction side of the feed pump.
Referring to the drawing by reference characters, it will be seen that Figure 1 illustrates an arrangement in which the oil is sucked from the engine ill by a scavenge pump II, which is shown for the purposes of convenience as separate from the engine Ill, although it is ordinarily directly associated with the engine. From the scavenge pump I I, the mixture of oil and gas passes to the centrifugal deaerator [2, from which vapor is discharged at i3, while the oil is passed, under energy derived from the scavenge pump, through a cooler l3.
Oil from the cooler I3 is then passed through conduit H, which may include a portion passing directly through oil storage tank l5 to a Venturi,
connection ii,
The Venturi connection l6 communicates with the main body of oil in the storage tank l5 adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from the main body thereof in said tank, and thus provides suction for impelling oil from the main body thereof in said tank, together with oil from the conduit l4, through the conduit I! to the feed pump it by which this oil is returned to the engine I for re-use.
It will be seen that, in such a system, by centrlfugally deaerating the oil and returning this centrifugally deaerated oil to the engine, the disadvantage of feeding large quantities of gas, together with the oil, to the engine, is avoided- It will also be seen that, by passing the oil from the tank i5 to the feed pump l8 under the suction effect of the Venturl connection l8, disadvantages previously encountered in connection with feed of oil from the storage tank to the engine are avoided.
Figure 2 of the drawing illustrates a somewhat modified arrangement in which the deaerator is mounted between the cooler and the Venturi con- 4 nection, instead of being mounted in advance of the cooler. As here illustrated, the deaerator may be mounted directly within the oil storage tank. In this embodiment of the invention oil from the engine is passed by scavenge pump 2! through cooler 22 to the deaerator 23, through conduit 24. Oil from the rotating body thereof in the deaerator 23 is passed, under energy derived from the scavenge pump, through Venturi connection 26, and in passing through this connection, it sucks oil from the tank 25 through the conduit 21 to the feed pump 28. Since the general principles of this form of the invention are similar to those of that described above in connection with Figure 1, further explanation is deemed unnecessary.
Figures 3 and 4 illustrate a preferred form of deaerator for use in the system of either of Figures 1 and 2. As here illustrated, the deaerator consists of a tank provided with an interior surface 3| which is preferably circular, and which may be cylindrical or frusto-conical as shown. This tank is provided with an inlet connection 32 for injecting oil tangentially into the tank along the surface 3| in a direction having a longitudinal component toward the tangential outlet 33 which receives the oil after the gas has been separated by centrifugal force due to rotating movement of the oil during passage along surface 3| from entrance to exit.
The tank 30 is provided with an end plate 34, which is removably mounted to permit access to the interior of the tank. This end plate is provided with a central opening to receive a housing 35 for a packing gland, this housing being secured to the end plate by bolts 36. A hollow tube 31 is slidably mounted in a central bore of the housing 35, the upper end of this tube extending to a position within the tank 30, and this position being adjustable by longitudinal movement of the tube.
A packing gland 38 surrounds the tube 31 within the bore ofthe housing 35, and the prevention of leakage and longitudinal securement of the tube in the desired position are both accomplished by tightening of the gland nut 39.
Tube 31 is provided with a nipple 40 at its lower end for connection to other piping, and this piping may extend through the outer surface of the tank 25 in case the deaerator is mounted Within that tank as illustrated in Figure 2 of the drawing. A valve 4| is secured in sliding relationship upon the upper end of the tube 31, and the upper end of the valve is urged downwardly and held in contact with the upper end of the tube 31 by the spring 42. The lower end of the spring 42 is secured in position longitudinally with respect to the tube 31 by the nut 43, which may be locked by nut 44, both of these nuts being threaded to the tube 31. These nuts provide a method of securing the spring in position longitudinally, and also a method of altering the tension on the spring, as will be evident from inspection of the drawing. A stop pin 45 is secured to the tube 31 adjacent the bottom of the valve 4 I, and this stop pin coacts with an abutting surface 46 of the lower end of the valve to secure the valve in open position under the influence of the spring 42 until accumulation of -a predetermined thickness of an annular layer of liquid along the interior of the wall 3i, as will be evident from further discussion of details by which this result is accomplished. A plurality of wings 41 extend outwardly from the cylindricallyextending portion of the outer surface of the valve 4|, and this valve is also provided with a cylindrically extending p rtion 63 I above the upper end of the tube 31, in order to minimize leakage of oil into the tube 31 by splashing. When the abutment 46 is in contact with the pin 45, an opening 48 in the upper, otherwise closed, end 49 of the valve 4| registers with an opening in the upper end of the tube 31 to permit discharge of gas through these registering openings and the tube 31. When the abutment 46 is moved in a counterclockwise direction away from the pin 45, on the other hand, these openings are brought out of registry with each other, with the result that the valve connection andpossibility of discharge of gas through the tube 31 is closed, much after the fashion of a talcum powder can.
In the operation of the above apparatus, the mixture of air and oil enters through the tangential inlet pipe 32. The mixture flows around the inner wall 3| f the tank 30, during its passage from the inlet 32 to the outlet 33, and this rotating flow causes separation of air toward the center of the tank under the influence of. centrifugal force. After being relieved of its air in this manner, the oil leaves the tank through the tangential outlet 33. The air flows through the hole 48 and registering hole in the top of tube 31, and escapes from the apparatus through this tube. So long as the valve is maintained in open position by the action of the spring 42 in holding the abutment 46 against the pin 45, the air will discharge rapidly through the valve and tube 31. During this operation, the thickness of the body of oil rotating within the surface 3| during its passage longitudinally along that surface will gradually increase until the inner surface of this layer strikes the wings 41 and causes these wings to move in a counter-clockwise direction against the influence of the spring 42. This rotary movement of the wings 41 under the impelling effect of the rotation of the body of oil within the tank causes the openng 48 to be moved out of registry with the coacting opening in the otherwise closed upper end of the tube 31, and prevents further discharge of air so long as this condition continues to prevail. As the operation continues after this condition is reached, the pressure in the central part of the tank 30 will increase, due to the fact that the released air cannot be discharged through the tube 31, and this increase in pressure will cause an increase in the amount of oil discharged through tangential outlet 33, with the result that the amount of discharge will ultimately exceed the amount of feed, and the inner surface of the stratum of oil within the surface 3| will again recede. When this happens, the spring 42 will again return the valve to open position, with the result that the air can again be discharged through tube 31.
The above description of the operation of the centrifugal deaerating apparatus is somewhat idealized for the sake of simplicity of explanation. As a matter of fact, in the actual operation of the apparatus, the valve may not be moved completely either to absolutely closed or absolutely open position, after the operation is well under way. This valve moves to an intermediate position after a condition fairly close to equilibrium is established between the effect of the spring 42 in moving the valve to open position and the efiect of wings 41 in moving it to closed position. As a matter of practical operation, however, the efiect of the valve in permitting discharge of gas, but preventing discharge of liquid through tube 31 by preventing accumulation of too deep a stratum of liquid within the tank is the same, regardless of whether the valve actuating mechanism eflects actual successive closing and opening of the valve,
or merely the attainment of an equilibrium condition which builds up a pressure within the center of the tank sufllcient to bring the rate of discharge of oil through conduit 33 to the approximate rate of feed thereof through the conduit 33.
Figure 5 of the drawing illustrates a centrifugal deaerating apparatus especially adapted to be mounted within the oil storage tank, as illustrated in Figure 2 of the drawing. As here illustrated. the oil from the scavenge pump enters the tank 25 through an inlet connection and is discharged tangentially along the inner wall of the cylinder 6| of the centrifugal deaerating apparatus 23. A plurality of wings 62 may be mounted for free movement in a rotary direction with respect to the cylinder 6| by means of bearing connections 63 through which these wings are secured in position relative to the supports 64 by which the cylinder 6| is held in position in the tank 25. Oil which passes tangentially into the interior of the cylinder 6! flows in a rotary motion around that cylinder during its passage downwardly along the cylinder from the inlet connection 60 to the outlet connection 65 through which it is tangentially discharged from the cylinder. During this movement, the wings 62 tend to stabilize the rotary movement of the oil within the cylinder 6 I. In being discharged tangentially from the lower end of the cylinder iii, the oil is impelled through the outlet connection 65 under energy initially derived from the scavenge pump. The outlet connection 65 conducts the oil to a portion of the tank 25 adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from that tank, and this connection is restricted, as i1- lustrated at 66, in the form of the contracting end of a Venturi throat. The expanding end 61 of the Venturi may constitute an extension on the outlet from the tank 25, and space is provided as indicated at 63 between the outlet end 66 of connection 65 and the inlet end of connection 61, in order to permit oil to be sucked through this Venturi connection from the main body of the storage tank, and passed to feed pump 28 along with oil being recirculated from cylinder 6| to this feed pump. This connection is illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 2 of the drawing, and a similar arrangement with respect to the flow diagram of Figure 1 of the drawing is also illustrated in connection with that embodiment of the invention in that figure. As discussed above, by sucking the oil from the oil storage tank in this manner, and by deaerating the oil before recycling it, dificulties in feed of oil to the motor due to causes discussed above are largely eliminated.
Various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention, and we do not therefore wish to be limited except by the scope of the following claims.
We claim:
1. In an oil circulating and feeding system for motors, the combination comprising, scavenge pump for removing oil from the motor, a centrifugal gas separator in the line of flow of oil from the scavenge pump, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to a point adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from an oil storage tank, a Venturi connection between said conducting means and said storage tank adjacent said zone of discharge, a feed pump for impelling oil to said motor, and a conduit connecting said feed pump with said Venturi connection.
2. In an oil circulating and feeding system for motors, the combination comprising. scavenge pump means for removing oil from the motor,.an oil storage tank, a feed pump for feeding oil to the motor, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to the suction side of said feed pump, means for directing. oil
.flowing from said storage tank to the feed pump ,scavenge pump, while supplementing said oil supply with oil from said storage tank, said scavenge pump being driven by a source of power independent of that produced by the impelling of oil by said feed pump.
3. In an oil circulating and feeding system for motors, the combination comprising, a scavenge pump for removing oil from the motor, an oil cooler in the line of flow of oil from the scavenge pump, a centrifugal gas separator in the line of flow or oil from the scavenge pump and said oil cooler, said centrifugal gas separator being located beyond said oil cooler in the direction of flow of oil from said scavenge pump, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to a point adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from an oil storage tank, a Venturi connection between said conducting means and said storage tank adjacent said zone of discharge, a feed .pump for impelling oil to said motor, and a conduit connecting said feed pump with said Venturi connection,
4. In an oil circulating and feeding system for motors, the combination comprising, a scavenge pump for removing oil from the motor, a centrifugal gas separator in the line of flow of oil from the scavenge pump, an oil cooler in the line of flow of oil from said scavenge pump and said centrifugal gas separator, said oil cooler being located beyond said centrifugal gas separator in the line of flow of oil from said scavenge pump, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump through said oil cooler and to a point adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from an oil storage tank, a Venturi connection between said conducting means and said storage tank adjacent said zone of discharge, a feed pump for impelling oil to said motor, and a conduit connecting said feed pump with said Venturi connection.
5. An oil circulating and feeding system as defined in claim 3, in which said centrifugal gas separator is mounted directly in the oil storage tank. 6. An oil circulating and feeding system as defined in claim 3, in which said centrifugal gas separator comprises a stationary tank through which the oil is passed in a, rotating motion, said stationary tank being mounted directly in the oil storage tank, and having an outlet for gas removed from the main body of the oil which is connected to the main storage space of said tank. 7. In an oilcirculating and feeding system for motors, the combination comprising, a scavenge pump for removing oil from the motor, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to a point adjacent the zone of discharge of oil from an oil storage tank, a Venturi connection between said conducting means and said storage tank adjacent said zone scavenge pump designed to receive and discharge said oil under pressure derived from the energy of saidscavenge pump, an oil storage tank, a feed pump for feeding oil to the motor, means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to and through said gas separator and from said gas separator to and through a zone of confluence with oil flowing from said storage tank to said feed pump, said zone of confluence comprising an ejector connection for a8- sisting in removal of oil from said storage tank, and thereby supplying deaerated oil to said feed pump under energy derived from said scavenge pump, while supplementing said oil supply with oil from said storage tank.
9. In an oil circulating and feeding system for motors, the combination comprising, scavenge pump means for removing oil from the motor, a gas separator in the line of flow of oil from said scavenge pump designed to receive and discharge said oil under pressure derived from the energy of said scavenge pump, an oil cooler in the line of flow of oil from said gas separator also designed to receive and discharge said oil under pressure, an oil storage tank, a feed pump for feeding oil to the motor, and means for conducting oil under energy derived from said scavenge pump to and through said gas separator and oil cooler and to said feed pump through a zone of confluence with oil flf n said storage tank, said zone of confluence comprising an ejector connection for assisting in removal of oil from said storage tank, and thereby supplying oil to said feed pump under energy derived from said scavenge pump, while supplementing said oil supply with oil from said storage tank.
- JOHN J. SERRELL.
- LEO D. JONES.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,893,040 Schmidt Jan. 3, 1933 2,323,525 Ebel July 6, 1943 1,432,817 Wertzheiser Oct. 24, 1922 1,622,278 Boyd Mar. 29, 1927 2,024,336 Cavanaugh Dec. 1'7, 1935 2,316,729 Tryon Apr. 13, 1943 2,268,653 Flowers Jan. 6, 1942 1,440,808 Wineman Jan. 2, 1923 2,147,993 Scheibe Feb. 21, 1939 1,766,666 Meyer June 24, 1930 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 512,991 Great Britain Oct. 2, 1939 493 553 Great Britain Oct. 11, 1938 692,505 Germany June 21, 1940 359,401 Great Britain Oct. 12, 1931 553,569
Germany June 2'7, 1932
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US2538983A (en) * 1944-06-06 1951-01-23 Sharples Corp Lubrication system for motors
US2755888A (en) * 1953-12-22 1956-07-24 Research Corp Closed circuit lubrication system
DE968401C (en) * 1950-12-03 1958-02-13 Friedrich Bilabel Device for settling, filtering, cooling and pressurizing oil or oil emulsion
US2849994A (en) * 1956-05-29 1958-09-02 Ray C Barker Excess breather oil recovery system
US2952330A (en) * 1958-03-12 1960-09-13 Charles A Winslow Centrifugal-type fluid purifier
DE1526737B1 (en) * 1965-11-01 1971-02-04 Roosa Vernon D Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines
US4681189A (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-07-21 Steven Krisiloff Dry sump lubrication system for an internal combustion engine
EP0284727A2 (en) * 1987-04-01 1988-10-05 Dr.Ing.h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Oil reservoir
US4793440A (en) * 1987-12-18 1988-12-27 Sundstrand Corporation Liquid lubricant sump level management system
WO1989006163A1 (en) * 1987-12-30 1989-07-13 Sundstrand Corporation Liquid vapor purging system
US4872890A (en) * 1988-11-14 1989-10-10 Dollinger Corporation Multi-stage gas-entrained liquid separator
DE3844060A1 (en) * 1988-12-28 1990-07-05 Allweiler Ag Apparatus and process for impinging machine parts or the like with gas-containing liquids
EP0626503A1 (en) * 1993-05-25 1994-11-30 Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation "Snecma" Depressurization device for bearing lubrication chambers
EP1520995A2 (en) * 2003-09-29 2005-04-06 Fluid House Oy Hydraulic apparatus and method for manufacturing and using thereof
US20050103571A1 (en) * 2002-04-30 2005-05-19 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Separating device in a motor vehicle oil circuit
US20060248865A1 (en) * 2004-03-23 2006-11-09 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Air/oil separation system and method
US20120128466A1 (en) * 2010-11-24 2012-05-24 Techspace Aero S.A. Advanced air and oil circuit architecture for turbomachine
EP2615355A1 (en) * 2012-01-16 2013-07-17 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Deaerating assembly
US20130313049A1 (en) * 2012-05-25 2013-11-28 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Reduced velocity valve
CN104653249A (en) * 2013-11-18 2015-05-27 利富高英国有限公司 Apparatus for Coalescing Particles of a First Fluid Entrained in a Flow of a Second Fluid
US20150377098A1 (en) * 2014-06-27 2015-12-31 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control device for oil pump
US9284866B2 (en) 2012-05-25 2016-03-15 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Valve bypass

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US2538983A (en) * 1944-06-06 1951-01-23 Sharples Corp Lubrication system for motors
DE968401C (en) * 1950-12-03 1958-02-13 Friedrich Bilabel Device for settling, filtering, cooling and pressurizing oil or oil emulsion
US2755888A (en) * 1953-12-22 1956-07-24 Research Corp Closed circuit lubrication system
US2849994A (en) * 1956-05-29 1958-09-02 Ray C Barker Excess breather oil recovery system
US2952330A (en) * 1958-03-12 1960-09-13 Charles A Winslow Centrifugal-type fluid purifier
DE1526737B1 (en) * 1965-11-01 1971-02-04 Roosa Vernon D Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines
US4681189A (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-07-21 Steven Krisiloff Dry sump lubrication system for an internal combustion engine
EP0284727A2 (en) * 1987-04-01 1988-10-05 Dr.Ing.h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Oil reservoir
EP0284727A3 (en) * 1987-04-01 1989-06-07 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Oil reservoir
US4793440A (en) * 1987-12-18 1988-12-27 Sundstrand Corporation Liquid lubricant sump level management system
WO1989005900A1 (en) * 1987-12-18 1989-06-29 Sundstrand Corporation Liquid lubricant sump level management system
WO1989006163A1 (en) * 1987-12-30 1989-07-13 Sundstrand Corporation Liquid vapor purging system
US4913695A (en) * 1987-12-30 1990-04-03 Sundstrand Corporation Liquid vapor purging system
US4872890A (en) * 1988-11-14 1989-10-10 Dollinger Corporation Multi-stage gas-entrained liquid separator
DE3844060A1 (en) * 1988-12-28 1990-07-05 Allweiler Ag Apparatus and process for impinging machine parts or the like with gas-containing liquids
FR2705733A1 (en) * 1993-05-25 1994-12-02 Snecma Device for depressurizing the lubrication chambers surrounding the bearings of a turbomachine.
EP0626503A1 (en) * 1993-05-25 1994-11-30 Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation "Snecma" Depressurization device for bearing lubrication chambers
US5429208A (en) * 1993-05-25 1995-07-04 Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation "Snecma" Depressurization device for the bearing lubricating chambers of a turbomachine
US20050103571A1 (en) * 2002-04-30 2005-05-19 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Separating device in a motor vehicle oil circuit
US7918316B2 (en) * 2002-04-30 2011-04-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Separating device in a motor vehicle oil circuit
EP1520995A2 (en) * 2003-09-29 2005-04-06 Fluid House Oy Hydraulic apparatus and method for manufacturing and using thereof
EP1520995A3 (en) * 2003-09-29 2006-04-12 Fluid House Oy Hydraulic apparatus and method for manufacturing and using thereof
US20060248865A1 (en) * 2004-03-23 2006-11-09 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Air/oil separation system and method
US7566356B2 (en) * 2004-03-23 2009-07-28 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Air/oil separation system and method
US20120128466A1 (en) * 2010-11-24 2012-05-24 Techspace Aero S.A. Advanced air and oil circuit architecture for turbomachine
EP2615355A1 (en) * 2012-01-16 2013-07-17 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Deaerating assembly
US9920880B2 (en) 2012-01-16 2018-03-20 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Deaerating assembly
US20130313049A1 (en) * 2012-05-25 2013-11-28 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Reduced velocity valve
US9194254B2 (en) * 2012-05-25 2015-11-24 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Reduced velocity valve
US9284866B2 (en) 2012-05-25 2016-03-15 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Valve bypass
CN104653249A (en) * 2013-11-18 2015-05-27 利富高英国有限公司 Apparatus for Coalescing Particles of a First Fluid Entrained in a Flow of a Second Fluid
CN104653249B (en) * 2013-11-18 2017-11-21 利富高英国有限公司 For the device for the particle for coalescing the first fluid being entrained in the stream of second fluid
US20150377098A1 (en) * 2014-06-27 2015-12-31 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control device for oil pump
US10309275B2 (en) * 2014-06-27 2019-06-04 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control device for oil pump

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